考研英语2008完型冲刺电子讲义汉魅huntmine校内校外学习资源高速

一、完型填空题思路分 对完型命题思路的理解理解了未知信息与已知信息之间的这种紧密的互20二、完型解题的基本原理（一个解题理论相相关已知信息（提示线索）定位分析法通过定位和查找每一个未知填空分布在文章中的参照物—即相关已知提示线三、完型填空的具体解题方法体系：12种具体解题方法体系（即12种规律性的填空题类型按照词性拆分的题型（方法按照题型拆分的题型（方法完型填空试题规律的总结：一个主线（中心主线一个结构（总分对照一个解题十二种具体题型（方法两个基础（语法汇五、完型填空考查的基础知 （两个基础语法（重点考查的语法点各种从句（主、宾、表、定、状、同位语从句分词结构（独立主格结构提示：以上是学校在多年研究考研完型填空的基础上总结出的一套应对完型的解题方法体系，此套方法体系自2002年起在教授以来，实验了数万名考生，被证明为是应对考研完型填空的一套行之有效的解题方法体系。更详细的具体教学内容，请参加学校的考研课程，或者新东方（。完型文章中常见的上下文（句）逻辑关系并列关系&分常用标志词和短and,andalso,or,neither……nor,either……or,notonly……butalso,likewise,similarly,equally,inthesameway,thatistosay,aswellas,same……as;递进关系&分常用标志词和短also,then,besides,additionally,furthermore,moreover,inaddition,whatismore;因果关系&分常用标志词和短because,for,since,as,thus,hence,therefore,so,so…..that,such…..that,inorderthat,consequently,accordingly,dueto,thanksto,inresponseto,onaccountof,becauseof,consideringthat,seeingthat,inthat,nowthat,lest,asaresult,forthisreason;转折关系&分常用标志词和短but,however,yet,contrarily,onthecontrary,bycontrast,ontheotherhand,让步关系&分常用标志词和短although,though,eventhough,evenif,even,nevertheless,despite,inspiteof;anyway,anyhow列举（顺序）关系&分常用标志词和短\second\lastofall,intheplace\inthesecondplace\finally,tobeginwith\tocontinue,……then,ononehand……ontheotherhand,foronething……foranother,one……another,some……others……stillothers;对比关系&分常用标志词和短while,whereas,as/ratherthan,insteadof,not…..时间关系&分常用标志词和短when,whenever,before,after,since,as,while,until,till,simultaneously,meanwhile,intheme,atthesametime;条件关系&分常用标志词和短if,onlyif,ifonly,unless,otherwise,assoonas,aslongas,incase,supposethat,supposingthat,providedthat,providingthat,when,whenever,with;举例关系&分常用标志词和短suchas,forexample,forinstance,of(these,those,them),among(these,those,them),toillustrate,asanillustration,totakeanexample,morespecificallyspeaking,PartⅡClozeTheandsmallestunitthatcanbediscussedinrelationtolanguageistheword.Inspeaking,thechoiceofwordsis41theutmostimportance.Properselectionwilleliminateonesourceof42breakdowninthecommunicationcycle.Toooften,carelessuseofwords43ameetingofthemindsofthespeakerandlistener.Thewordsusedbythespeakermay44unfavorablereactionsinthelistener45interferewithhiscomprehension;hence,thetransmission-receptionsystembreaksdown.46,inaccurateorindefinitewordsmaymake47difficultforthelistenertounderstandthe48whichisbeingtransmittedtohim.Thespeakerwhodoesnothavespecificwordsinhisworkingvocabularymaybe49toexplainordescribeina50thatcanbeunderstoodbyhislisteners.41.A. B.AtC. D.42.A.inaccessibleB.timelyC.likelyD.43.A.encouragesB.preventsC.destroysD.44.A.passoutB.takeawayC.backupD.stir45.A.whoB.asC.whichD.46.A.MoreoverB.HoweverC.PreliminarilyD.47.A.thatB.ItC.soD.48.A.speechB.senseC.messageD.49.A.obscureB.difficultC.impossibleD.50.A.caseB.meansC.methodD.Sleepisdividedintoperiodsofso-calledREMsleep,characterizedbyrapideyemovementsanddreaming,andlongerperiodsofnon-REMsleep.41kindofsleepisatallwell-understood,butREMsleepis42toservesomerestorativefunctionofthebrain.Thepurposeofnon-REMsleepisevenmore43.Thenewexperiments,suchasthese44forthetimeatarecentmeetingoftheSocietyforSleepResearchinMinneapolis,suggestfascinatingexplanations45ofnon-REMsleep.Forexample,ithaslongbeenknownthattotalsleep46is1OOpercentfataltorats,yet,47examinationofthedeadbodies,theanimalslookcompleynormal.Aresearcherhasnow48themysteryofwhytheanimalsdie.Therats49bacterialinfectionsoftheblood,50theirimmunesystems--theself-protectingmechanismagainstdisease--hadcrashed.. .(A)intended(B)required(C)assumed(D).(A)subtle(B)obvious(C)mysterious.(A)maintained(B)described(C)settled45.(A)inthelight(B)byvirtue(C)withtheexception(D)forthepurpose46.(A)reduction(B)destruction(C)deprivation(D)restriction47.(A)upon(B)by(C)through48.(A)paidattentionto(B)caughtsightoftc)laidemphasison(D)castlighton49.(A)develop(B)produce(c)stimulate(D)induce50.(A)if(B)asif(C)onlyif(D)ifVitaminsareaniccompoundsnecessaryinsmallamountsinthedietforthenormalgrowthandmaintenanceoflifeofanimals,includingman.Theydonotprovideenergy,41dotheyconstructorbuildanypartofthebody.Theyareneededfor42foodsintoenergyandbodymaintenance.Therearethirteenormoreofthem,andif43ismissingadeficiencydisease es44.Vitaminsaresimilarbecausetheyaremadeofthesameelements-usuallycarbon,hydrogen,oxygen,and45nitrogen.Theyaredifferent46theirelementsarearrangeddifferently,andeachvitamin47oneormorespecificfunctionsinthebody.48enoughvitaminsisessentialtolife,althoughthebodyhasnonutritionalusefor49vitamins.Manypeople,50,believeinbeingonthe"safeside"andthustakeextravitamins.However,awell-balanceddietwillusuallymeetallthebody'svitaminneeds.(A)either(B)so(C)nor(D)(A)shifting(B)transferring(C)altering(D)(A)any(B)some(C)anything(D)(A)serious(B)apparent(C)severe(D)(A)mostly(B)partially(C)sometimes(D)(A)inthat(B)sothat(C)suchthat(D)except(A)undertakes(B)holds(C)plays(D)(A)Supplying(B)Getting(C)Providing(D)(A)exceptional(B)exceeding(C)excess(D)(A)nevertheless(B)therefore(C)moreover(D)ManpowerInc.,with560,000workers,istheworld'slargesttemporaryemploymentagency.Everymorning,itspeople41intotheofficesandfactoriesofAmerica,seekingaday'sworkforaday'spay.Onedayatatime42industrialgiantslikeGeneralMotorsandIBMstruggletosurvive43reducingthenumberofemployees,Manpower,basedinMilwaukee,Wisconsin,isbooming.44itseconomycontinuestorecover,theUSisincreasingly inganationofparttimersandtemporaryworkers.This"45"workforceisthemostimportant46inAmericanbusinesstoday,anditis47changingtherelationshipbetweenpeopleandtheirjobs.Thephenomenonprovidesawayforcompaniestoremaingloballycompetitive48avoidingmarketcyclesandthegrowingburdens49byemploymentrules,healthcarecostsandpensionplans.Forworkersitcanmeananendtothesecurity,benefitsandsenseof50thatcamefrombeingaloyalemployee.4.A)EvenB)NowC)IfD)Provided8.49.50.UntilrecentlymosthistoriansspokeverycriticallyoftheIndustrialRevolution.They41thatinthelongrunindustrializationgreatlyraisedthestandardoflivingforthe42man.Buttheyinsistedthatits43resultsduringtheperiodfrom1750to1850werewidespreovertyandmiseryforthe44oftheEnglishpopulation.45contrast,theysawintheprecedinghundredyearsfrom1650to1750,whenEnglandwasstilla46agriculturalcountry,riodofgreatabundanceandprosperity.Thisview,47,isgenerallythoughttobewrong.Specialists48historyandeconomics,have49twothings:thattheperiodfrom1650to1750was50bygreatpoverty,andthatindustrializationcertainlydidnotworsenandmayhaveactuallyimprovedtheconditionsforthemajorityofthepopulace.D)compleParttwo:ClozeIndustrialsafetydoesnotjusthappen.Companies_41lowaccidentratesplantheirsafetyprograms,workhardtoanizethem,andcontinueworkingtokeepthem42andactive.Whentheworkiswelldone,a43ofaccident-freeoperationsisestablished_44timelostduetoinjuriesiskeptataminimum.Successfulsafetyprogramsmay45greatlyintheemphasisplacedoncertainaspectsoftheprogram.Someplacegreatemphasisonmechanicalguarding.Othersstresssafeworkpracticesby_46rulesorregulations._47_othersdependonanemotionalappealtotheworker.But,therearecertainbasicideasthatmustbeusedineveryprogr8mifumresultsaretobeobtained.Therecanbenoquestionaboutthevalueofasafetyprogram.Fromafinancialstand-pointalone,safety_48.Thefewertheinjury49,thebettertheworkman'sinsurancerate.Thismaymeanthedifferencebetweenoperatingat_50orataloss.［A］at［B］in［C］on［A］alive［B］vivid［C］mobile［D］［A］regulation［B］climate［C］circumstance［A］where［B］how［C］what［A］alter［B］differ［C］shift［D］［A］constituting［B］aggravating［C］observing［A］Some［B］Many［C］Even［A］comesoff［B］turnsup［C］paysoff［D］holds［A］claims［B］reports［C］declarations［D］［A］anadvantage［B］abenefit［C］aninterest［D］aIfafarmerwishestosucceed,hemusttrytokeepawidegapbetweenhisconsumptionandhisproduction.Hemuststorealargetyofgrain41consumingallhisgrainimmediay.Hecancontinuetosupporthimselfandhisfamily42heproducesasurplus.Hemustusethissurplusinthreeways:asseedforsowing,asaninsurance43theunpredictableeffectsofbadweatherandasacommoditywhichhemustsellinorderto44oldagriculturalimplementsandobtainchemicalfertilizersto45thesoil.Hemayalsoneedmoneytoconstructirrigation46andimprovehisfarminotherways.Ifnosurplusisavailable,afarmercannotbe47.Hemusteithersellsomeofhispropertyor48extrafundsinformofloans.Naturallyhewilltrytoborrowmoneyatalow49ofinterest,butloansofthiskindarenot50［A］otherthan［B］aswellas［C］insteadof［D］more［A］onlyif［B］muchas［C］longbefore［D］ever［A］for［B］against［C］supplement［A］replace［B］purchase［C］supplement［A］enhance［B］mix［C］feed［A］vessels［B］routes［C］paths［A］search［B］save［C］offer［A］proportion ［C］rate［A］genuinely ［C］presumablyTheernmentistobanpaymentstowitnessesbynewsprsseekingtobuyuppeopleinvolvedinprominentcases31thetrialofRosemaryWest.Inasignificant32oflegalcontrolsoverthepress.LordIrvine,theLordChancellor,willintroducea33billthatwillproposemakingpaymentstowitnesses34andwillstrictlycontroltheamountof35thatcanbegiventoacase36atrialbegins.InalettertoGeraldKaufman,chairmanoftheHouseofCommonsmediaselectcommittee.LordIrvinesaidhe37withacommitteereportthisyearwhichsaidthatselfregulationdidnot38sufficientcontrol.39ofthelettercametwodaysafterLordIrvinecauseda40ofmediawhenhesaidthe41ofprivacycontrolscontainedinEuropeanlegislationwouldbelefttojudges42toTheLordChancellorsaidintroductionoftheBill,which43theEuropeanConventiononlegally44inBritain,laiddownthateverybodywas45toprivacyandthatpublicfigurescouldgotocourttoprotectthemselvesandtheirfamilies."Pressfreedomswillbeinsafehands46ourBritishjudges,"hesaid.Witnesspaymentsbecamean47afterWestwassentencedto10lifesentencesin1995.Upto19witnesseswere48tohavereceivedpaymentsforlingtheirstoriestonewsprs.Concernswereraised49witnessesmightbeencouragedtoexaggeratetheirstoriesincourtto50guiltyverdicts.31［A］asto［B］forinstance［C］inparticular［D］suchas32［A］tightening［B］intensifying［C］focusing［D］fastening33［A］sketch［B］rough［C］preliminary［D］draft34［A］illogical［B］illegal［C］improbable［D］improper35［A］publicity［B］penalty［C］popularity［D］peculiarity36［A］since［B］if［C］before37［A］sided［B］shared［C］complied［D］agreed38［A］present［B］offer［C］manifest［D］indicate39［A］Release［B］Publication［C］Printing［D］Exposure40［A］storm［B］rage［C］flare［D］flash41［A］translation［B］interpretation［C］exhibition［D］demonstration42［A］betterthan［B］otherthan［C］ratherthan［D］soonerthan43［A］changes［B］makes［C］sets［D］turns44［A］binding［B］convincing［C］restraining［D］sustaining45［A］authorized［B］credited［C］entitled［D］qualified46［A］with［B］to［C］from47［A］impact［B］incident［C］inference［D］issue48［A］stated［B］remarked［C］said［D］told49［A］what［B］when［C］which［D］that50［A］assureSectioUseofComparisonsweredrawnbetweenthedevelopmentofevisioninthe20thcenturyandthediffusionofprintinginthe15thand16thcenturies.Yetmuchhadhappened(21).Aswasdiscussedbefore,itwasnot(22)the19thcenturythatthenewsprbecamethedominantpre-electronic(23),followinginthewakeofthepamphletandthebookandinthe(24)oftheperiodical.Itwasduringthesametimethatthecommunicationsrevolution(25)up,beginningwithtransport,therailway,andleading(26)throughtheegraph,theephone,radio,andmotionpictures(27)the20th-centuryworldofthemotorcarandtheairplane.Noteveryoneseesthatprocessin(28).Itisimportanttodoso.Itisgenerallyrecognized,(29),thattheintroductionofthecomputerintheearly20thcentury,(30)bytheinventionoftheintegratedcircuitduringthe1960s,radicallychangedtheprocess,(31)itsimpactonthemediawasnotimmediay(32).Astimewentby,computersbecamesmallerandmorepowerful,andtheybecame“ al"too,aswellas(33),withdisplay ingsharperandstorage(34)increasing.Theywerethoughtof,likepeople,(35)generations,withthedistancebetweengenerationsmuch(36).Itwaswithinthecomputeragethattheterm“informationsociety"begantobewidelyusedtodescribethe(37)withinwhichwenowlive.Thecommunicationsrevolutionhas(38)bothworkandleisureandhowwethinkandfeelbothaboutplaceandtime,buttherehavebeen(39)viewaboutitseconomic,political,socialandculturalimplications."Benefits"havebeenweighed(40)“harmful" Andgeneralizationshaveproveddifficult.［A］between［B］before［C］since［D］［A］after［B］by［C］during［D］［A］means［B］method［C］medium［D］［A］process［B］company［C］light［D］［A］gathered［B］speeded［C］worked［D］［A］on［B］out［C］over［D］［A］of［B］for［C］beyond［D］［A］concept［B］dimension［C］effect［D］［A］indeed［B］hence［C］however［D］［A］brought［B］followed［C］stimulated［D］［A］unless［B］since［C］lest［D］［A］apparent［B］desirable［C］negative［D］［A］institutional［B］universal［C］fundamental［D］［A］ability［B］capability［C］capacity［D］［A］bymeansof［B］intermsof［C］withregardto［D］inline［A］deeper［B］fewer［C］nearer［D］［A］context［B］range［C］scope［D］［A］regarded［B］impressed［C］influenced［D］［A］competitive［B］controversial［C］distracting［D］［A］above［B］upon［C］against［D］Sectio：UseofTeachersneedtobeawareoftheemotional,inlectual,andphysicalchangesthatyoungadultsexperience.Andtheyalsoneedtogiveserious21tohowtheycanbebest22suchchanges.Growingbodiesneedmovementand23,butnotjustinwaysthatemphasizecompetition.24theyareadjustingtotheirnewbodiesandawholehostofnewinlectualandemotionalchallenges,teenagersareespeciallyself-consciousandneedthe25thatcomesfromachievingsuccessandknowingthat plishmentsare26byothers.However,thetypicalteenagelifestyleisalreadyfilledwithsomuchcompetitionthatitwouldbe27toplanactivitiesinwhichtherearemorewinnersthanlosers, 28,publishingnewsletterswithmanystudent-writtenbookreviews,29studentartwork,andsponsoringbookdiscussionclubs.Avarietyofsmallclubscanprovide30opportunitiesforleadership,aswellasforpracticeinsuccessful31dynamics.Makingfriendsisextremelyimportanttoteenagers,andmanyshystudentsneedthe32ofsomekindofanizationwithasupportiveadult33visibleinthe participantscanremainactiveaslongastheywantandthengoonto36elsewithoutfeelingguiltyandwithoutlettingtheotherparticipants37.thisdoesnotmeanthatadultsmustacceptirresponsibility.38theycanhelpstudentsacquireasenseofcommitmentby39forrolesthatarewithintheir40andtheirattentionspansandbyhavingclearlystatedrules.21.A. B. C. D.22.A. C. D.23.A. B. C. D.24.A. B. C. D.25.A. B. C. D.26.A. B. C. D.27.A. B. C. D.28.A.in B.asa C.for D.ina29.A. B. C. D.30.A. B. C. D.31.A. B. D.32.A. B. C. D.33.A. B. D.34.A. B. C. D.35.A.if B.now C.so D.even36.A. B. C. D.37.A. B. C. D.38.A.Onthe B.Onthe C.Onthe D.Ontheother39.A. B. C. D.40.A. B. C. D. UseofManytheoriesconcerningthecausesofjuveniledelinquency(crimescommittedbyyoungpeople)focuseitherontheindividualoronsocietyasthemajorcontributinginfluence.Theories(21)ontheindividualsuggestthatchildrenengageincriminalbehavior(22)theywerenotsufficientlypenalizedforpreviousmisdeedsorthattheyhavelearnedcriminalbehaviorthrough(23)withothers.Theoriesfocusingontheroleofsocietythatchildrencommitcrimesin(24)totheirfailuretoriseabovetheirsocioeconomicstatus(25)asarejectionofmiddle-classvalues.Mosttheoriesofjuveniledelinquencyhavefocusedonchildrenfromdisadvantagedfamilies,(26)thefactthatchildrenfromwealthyhomesalsocommitcrimes.Thelattermaycommitcrimes(27)lackofadequateparentalcontrol.Alltheories,however,aretentativeandare Changesinthesocialstructuremayindirectly(29) juvenilecrimerates.Forexample,changesintheeconomythat tofewerjobopportunitiesforyouthandrisingmakegainfulemploymentincreasinglydifficulttoobtain.TheresultingdiscontentmayleadmoreyouthsintocriminalFamilieshavealso(33)changestheseyears.Morefamiliesconsistofoneparenthouseholdsortwoworkingparents\;(34),childrenarelikelytohavelesssupervisionathome(35)wascommoninthetraditionalfamily(36).Thislackofparentalsupervisionisthoughttobeaninfluenceonjuvenilecrimerates.Other(37)causesofoffensiveactsincludefrustrationorfailureinschool,theincreased(38)ofdrugsandalcohol,andthegrowing(39)ofchildabuseandchildneglect.Alltheseconditionstendtoincreasetheprobabilityofachildcommittingacriminalact,(40)adirectcausalrelationshiphasnotyetbeen21.[A]22.[A]before[A][A][A]butor26.[A][A][A][A][A][A]in byat[A][A][A][A][A][A][A][A][A] 年攻读入学考试英语试题完型填Section UseofThehumannoseisanunderratedtool.Humansarethoughttobeinsensitivesmellerscomparedwithanimals,1thisislargelybecause,2animals,westandupright.Thismeansthatournosesare3toperceivingthosesmellswhichfloatthroughtheair,4themajorityofsmellswhichsticktosurfaces.Infact5,weareextremelysensitivetosmells,6wedonotgenerallyrealizeit.Ournosesarecapableof7humansmellsevenwhentheseare8tofarbelowonepartinonemillion.Strangely,somepeoplefindthattheycansmellonetypeofflowerbutnotanother,9othersaresensitivetothesmellsofbothflowers.Thismaybebecausesomepeopledonothavethegenesnecessarytogenerate10smellreceptorsinthenose.Thesereceptorsarethecellswhichsensesmellsandsend11tothebrain.Howeverithasbeenfoundthatevenpeopleinsensitivetoacertainsmell12cansuddenly esensitivetoitwhen13toitoftenTheexplanationforinsensitivitytosmellseemstobethatthebrainfinds14tokeepallsmellreceptorsworkingallthetimebutcan15newreceptorsifnecessary.Thismay16explainwhywearenotusuallysensitivetooursmells—wesimplydonotneedtobe.Wearenot17oftheusualsmellofourownhousebutwe18newsmellswhenwevisitsomeoneelse’s.Thebrainfindsitbesttokeepsmellreceptors19forunfamiliarandemergencysignals20thesmellofsmoke,whiightindicatethedangerof1.[A][B][C][D]2.[A][B][C][D]3.[A][B][C][D]4.[A][B][C][D]5.[A][B][C][D]6.[A]even[B]if[C]only[D]as7.[A][B][C][D]8.[A][B][C][D]9.[A][B][C][D]10.[A][B][C][D]11.[A][B][C][D]12.[A]at[B]at[C]at[D]at13.[A][B][C][D]14.[A] [C][D]15.[A][B][C][D]16.[A][B][C][D]17.[A][B][C][D]18.[A][B][C][D]19.[A][B][C][D]20.[A]similar[B]such[C]along[D]aside 年攻读入学考试英语试题完型填ThehomelessmakeupagrowingpercentageofAmerica's 1,homelessnesshasreachedsuchproportionsthatlocal ernmentcan'tpossibly .Tohelphomelesspeople independence,thefederal mustsupportjobtraining4thewage,andfundmorelow-cost5agreesonthenumbersofAmericanswhoarehomeless. anywherefrom600,000to3million. 7thefiguremayvary,ystsdoagreeonanothermatter:thatthenumberofthehomelessis .Oneofthefederal thatthenumberofthehomelesswillreachnearly19millionbyofthisdecade.Findingwaysto thisgrowinghomelesspopulationhas increasinglydifficult. 11whenhomelessindividualsmanagetofinda thatwillgivethemthreemealsadayandaplacetosleepatnight,agoodnumberstillspendthebulkofeachday13 thestreet.Partoftheproblemisthatmanyhomelessadultsareaddictedtoalcoholordrugs.Andasignificantnumberofthehomelesshaveseriousmentaldisorders.Manyothers, simplylacktheeveryday skillsneededtoturntheir 16.BostonGlobereporterChrisReidynotesthatthesituationwillimproveonlywhenthereare_17 thataddressthemanyneedsofthehomeless. Zlotkowski,directorofcommunityserviceatBentleyCollegeinMassachusetts, 19it,"Therehastobe programs.Whatweneedisapackagedeal.".5.6.7.[A]Now[D]Except0. 年攻读入学考试英语试题完型填空I.U