考研考博-英语-广西理工职业技术学院押题密卷附带答案详解篇2

书山有路勤为径，学海无涯苦作舟！住在富人区的她考研考博-英语-广西理工职业技术学院押题密卷附带答案详解（图片大小可自由调整）全文为Word可编辑，若为PDF皆为盗版，请谨慎购买！第壹套一.全考点押题密卷-综合训练(共50题)1.单选题

15.

问题1选项

A.Shemakesalivingnowasadressmaker.

B.Shemakesalivingnowasalandlady.

C.Sheworriesalotaboutherhealth.

D.Shenowlivesonherpension.

【答案】B

【解析】M:Doyouwork?

W:Iamadressmaker，butIhaven’tworkedforayear.

M:Thenhowcanyoumanagetolivewithoutworking?

W:Ihaveatenant.

M:Doyouoftenworryaboutthings?

W:Iusedtoworrybutnotnow.Iknowit'snotworthit.

Q:Whatistrueaboutthewoman?

【解析】细节题。女士说：Ihaveatenant（我有房客），即她是房东。

2.单选题

Whatisthenatureofthescientificattitude,theattitudeofthemanorwomanwhostudiesandappliesphysics,biology,chemistry,geology,engineering,medicineoranyotherscience?Weallknowthatscienceplaysanimportantroleinthesocieties.However,manypeoplebelievethatourprogressdependsontwodifferentaspectsofscience.Thefirstaspectistheapplicationofthemachines,productsandsystemsofknowledgethatscientistsandtechnologistsdevelop.Throughtechnology,scienceimprovesthestructureofsocietyandhelpsmantogainincreasingcontroloverhisenvironment.

Thesecondaspectistheapplicationbyallmembersofsocietyofthespecialmethodsofthoughtandactionthatscientistsuseintheirwork.

Whatarethesespecialmethodsofthinkingandacting?Firstofall,itseemsthatasuccessfulscientistisfullofcuriosityhewantstofindouthowandwhytheuniverseworks.Heusuallydirectshisattentiontowardsproblemswhichhenoticeshavenosatisfactoryexplanation,andhiscuriositymakeshimlookforunderlyingrelationshipsevenifthedataavailableseemtobeunconnected.Moreover,hethinkshecanimprovetheexistingconditionsandenjoystryingtosolvetheproblemswhichthisinvolves.

Heisgoodobserver,accurate,patientandobjectiveandapplieslogicalthoughttotheobservationshemakes.Heutilizesthefactsheobservestothefullestextent.Forexample,trainedobserversobtainaverylargeamountofinformationaboutastarmainlyfromtheaccurateanalysisofthesimplelinesthatappearinaspectrum.

Heisskeptical—hedoesnotacceptstatementswhicharenotbasedonthemostcompleteevidenceavailableandthereforerejectsauthorityasthesolebasisfortruth.Scientistsalwayscheckstatementsandmakeexperimentscarefullyandobjectivelytoverifythem.

Furthermore,heisnotonlycriticaloftheworkofothers,butalsoofhisown,sinceheknowsthatmanistheleastreliableofscientificinstrumentsandthatanumberoffactorstendtodisturbobjectiveinvestigation.

Lastly,heishighlyimaginativesinceheoftenhastolookforrelationshipsindatawhicharenotonlycomplexbutalsofrequentlyincomplete.Furthermore,heneedsimaginationifhewantstomakehypothesesofhowprocessesworkandhoweventstakeplace.

Theseseemtobesomeofthewaysinwhichasuccessfulscientistortechnologistthinksandacts.

1.Manypeoplebelievethatsciencehelpssocietytoprogressthrough（）.

2.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisINCORRECTaboutcuriosity?

3.Accordingtothepassage,asuccessfulscientistwouldnot（）.

4.Whatdoesthepassagemainlydiscuss?

5.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardsthetopic?

问题1选项

A.appliedknowledge

B.morethanoneaspect

C.technologyonly

D.theuseofmachines

问题2选项

A.Itgivesthescientistconfidenceandpleasureinwork.

B.Itgivesrisetointerestinproblemsthatareunexplained.

C.Itleadstoeffortstoinvestigatepotentialconnections.

D.Itencouragesthescientisttolookfornewwaysofacting.

问题3选项

A.easilybelieveinuncheckedstatements

B.easilycriticizeothers’researchwork

C.alwaysusehisimaginationinwork

D.alwaysuseevidencefromobservation

问题4选项

A.Applicationoftechnology.

B.Progressinmodernsociety.

C.Scientists’waysofthinkingandacting.

D.Howtobecomeasuccessfulscientific.

问题5选项

A.Critical

B.Objective

C.Biased

D.Unclear

【答案】第1题:B

第2题:D

第3题:A

第4题:C

第5题:B

【解析】第1题:细节事实题。第一段指出:However,manypeoplebelievethatourprogressdependsontwodifferentaspectsofscience(然而，许多人认为社会的进步取决于科学的两个不同方面)。因此B项“不止一个方面”正确。

第2题:细节事实题。根据题干关键词curiosity定位至第三段。A:它赋予了科学家在工作中的信心和乐趣。第三段最后一句指出:Moreover,hethinkshecanimprovetheexistingconditionsandenjoystryingtosolvetheproblemswhichthisinvolves(除此之外，他认为自己能够改善现有的条件并享受努力解决相关问题的过程)。由此可见，A项符合原文所述。B:它激发人们对未解之谜的兴趣。该段还指出:hewantstofindouthowandwhytheuniverseworks(他想要发现宇宙运行的原因和方式)。这里的howandwhytheuniverseworks相当于B项的problemsthatareunexplained，由此可见，B项符合原文所述。C:它引导人们研究(调查)潜在的联系。根据该段中的“hiscuriositymakeshimlookforunderlyingrelationshipsevenifthedataavailableseemtobeunconnected(他的这种好奇心促使他去探寻事物之间潜藏的联系，即使相关数据显示这些事物之间似乎没有联系)”可知C项也符合原文所述。D:它鼓励科学家寻找新的行为方式。只有D项在原文中找不到相关信息，故本题选D。

第3题:细节事实题。第五段指出:hedoesnotacceptstatementswhicharenotbasedonthemostcompleteevidenceavailable(他不会去接受那些不是基于充分的证据的论断)。因此A项“轻易相信未经检查的陈述”正确。

第4题:主旨大意题。本文采取总—分的结构，先是总述:科学在社会中起着重要作用，然而，许多人都认为社会的进步取决于科学的两个不同的方面。后面重点讲了科学的第二个方面，即科学家在工作的过程中所使用的思考和行为方法，因此C项“科学家思考和行动的方式”是文章重点讨论的。

第5题:观点态度题。此文章为说明文。文章只是客观陈述了许多人认为决定社会进步的两个不同的科学方面，重点介绍了科学家在工作的过程中所使用的思考和行为方法，并未掺杂个人观点及情感，故选B项。

3.填空题

IwishthatJohnwouldwritemore（

）.Icanneverreadhisnotesandletters

【答案】clearly

【解析】语义题。句意:我希望John写字更清楚些,我看不懂他的笔记和信件。这里需要填一个副词,修饰wirte(写)。

4.单选题

Determiningthemineralcontentofsoilsamplesisanexactingprocess,（）expertsmustperformdetailedteststoanalyzesoilspecimens.

问题1选项

A.sothat

B.however

C.afterwards

D.therefore

【答案】D

【解析】考查逻辑关系。A选项sothat“以便；所以是”；B选项however“无论如何；不管怎样；然而；可是”；C选项afterwards“后来；然后”；D选项therefore“因此；所以”。句意：确定土壤样品的矿物含量是一个严格的过程，（）专家必须进行详细的测试来分析土壤样品。根据句意可知空格处应表示所以，因为D选项正确。

5.单选题

Afterfouryearsinthesamejobhisenthusiasmfinally（

）.

问题1选项

A.deteriorated

B.dissipated

C.dispersed

D.drained

【答案】D

【解析】考查动词词义辨析。deteriorate“恶化”；dissipate“浪费”；disperse“分散”；drain“排水；耗尽”。句意：在同一份工作上干了四年，他对工作的热情慢慢耗尽了。选项D符合题意。

6.单选题

Despitethesuspect’s（）tobeinnocent,thereiscompellingevidencethathewasinvolved.

问题1选项

A.assertion

B.conviction

C.speculation

D.accusation

【答案】A

【解析】考查名词辨析。A选项assertion“断言；主张；认定”；B选项conviction“定罪；确信；坚定的信仰”；C选项speculation“投机；推测；思索”；D选项accusation“控告；谴责”。句意：尽管嫌疑犯（）自己无辜，但他参与了此事证据确凿。根据语境，嫌疑犯assertion“断言；主张；认定”自己无辜比较合理。因此A选项正确。

7.单选题

ForthousandsofCanadians,badserviceisneithermake-believenoramusing.Itisanaggravatingandworseningreal-lifephenomenonthatencompassesbehaviorrangingfromindifferenceandrudenesstonakedhostilityandevenphysicalviolence.Acrossthecountry,betterbusinessbureausreportalengtheninglitanyofcomplaintsaboutcontractors,cardealers,repairshops,movingcompanies,airlinesanddepartmentstores.Thereisalmostanadversarialfeelingbetweenbusinessesandconsumers.

Expertssaythereareseveralexplanationsforillfeelinginthemarketplace.Oneisthatcustomerservicewasanearlyandinevitablecasualtywhenretailersrespondedtobrutalcompetitionbyreplacingemployeeswithtechnologysuchas1~800numbersandvoicemail.Anotherfactoristhatbusinessgenerallyhasbegunplacingmoreemphasisongettingcustomersthanonkeepingthem.Stillanotheristhatstrident,frustratedandimpatientshoppersvexshopownersandmakethemevenlesshospitable—especiallyatbusiertimesoftheyearlikeChristmas.Onbothsides,simplecourtesyhasgonebytheboard.Andforamultitudeofconsumers,servicewentwithit.

TheBetterBusinessBureauatVancouvergets250complaintsaweek,twiceasmanyasfiveyearsago.Thebureauthenhadonecomplaintscounselorandnowhasfour.Peoplecomplainaboutbeinginsulted,havingtheirintelligenceandintegrityquestioned,andbeingthreatened.Onewillhearaboutpeoplebeinghauledalmostbodilyoutthedoorbysomebodysayingthingslike“Idon’thavetoserveyou!”or“thisisprivateproperty,getoutanddon’tcomeback!”Whatcancustomersdo?Ifthebureau’sarbitrationprocessfailstosettleadispute,acustomer’sonlyrecourseistosueinsmallclaimscourt.Butbecauseofthecostsandtimeittakes,relativelyfeweverdo.

Thereisalotofsupportforthenotionthatservicehas,inpart,fallenvictimtogenerationalchange.Manyyoungpeopleregardretailing“asjustadead-endjobthatyou’rejustgoingtodotemporarilyonyourwaytoarealjob”.Youngclerksoftenlackbothknowledgeandcivility.Employersarehavingtotrainyoungpeopleinsimplemannersbecausethatisnotbeingdoneathome.Salespeopletoday,especiallytheyoungerones,havegrownupinatelevision-computersocietywherethey’veinteractedlargelywithmachines.Oneofthebiggestcomplaintsfrombusinessesaboutgraduatesisthelackofinterpersonalskills.

Whatcustomersreallywantisaccess.Theywanttogetthroughwhentheycall,theydon’twantbusysignals,theydon’twantinteractivesystemstellingthemtopushoneforthisandtwoforthat—theydon’twantvoicemail.Andifcustomersdonotgetwhattheywant,theydefect.Somepeoplegobacktolocalsmallbusinesses:theAsiangreengrocer,aGreekbakerandaGreekfishmonger.Theydon’twearnametags,butonegetstoknowthem,allbyname.

46.Atabusinessplaceofbadservice,theworstonecangetis（）.

47.Oneofthereasonsforsuchillfeelinginthemarketplaceisthat（）.

48.WhathaschangedatVancouverBelerServiceBurcauinthepastfiveyears?（）

49.Youngclerksoftenlackinterpersonalskillschieflybecausethey（）.

50.Theauthor’sattitudetowardsbusinessesandbadserviceis（）them.

问题1选项

A.indifferenceandrudeness

B.nakedhostilityandphysicalviolence

C.havingintelligenceandintegrityquestioned

D.beinginsultedandthreatened

问题2选项

A.shoppersareusuallystrident,frustratedandimpatient

B.shoppersoftentakebusinessestocourttosettlethem

C.businessesusenewtechnologyinsteadofemployee

D.businessesarekeenonkeepingcustomers,notgettingthem

问题3选项

A.Moreeffective.

B.Lessbureaucracy.

C.Morebusiness.

D.Betterstaff.

问题4选项

A.areskilledindealingwithmachinesnotpeople

B.arenottrainedinsimplemannersathome

C.fallvictimstogenerationalchange

D.takeretailingtobeatemporaryjob

问题5选项

A.attacking

B.understanding

C.regretting

D.warning

【答案】第1题:B

第2题:C

第3题:C

第4题:A

第5题:D

【解析】46.【试题答案】B

【试题解析】细节事实题。根据题意定位到文章第一段第二句“Itisanaggravatingandworseningreal-lifephenomenonthatencompassesbehaviorrangingfromindifferenceandrudenesstonakedhostilityandevenphysicalviolence.（它是一个正在不断恶化的现实生活中的现象，包括从漠不关心、粗俗无礼到不加掩饰的恶意甚至身体暴力等一系列行为。）”可知，这些劣质服务行为按照严重程度递增排列。A选项“冷漠和粗鲁”；B选项“赤裸裸的敌意和身体暴力”；C选项“智力和正直受到质疑”；D选项“被侮辱和威胁”，其中最恶劣的是不加掩饰的恶意甚至身体暴力，因此B选项正确。

47.【试题答案】C

【试题解析】细节事实题。根据题意定位到文章第二段，第二段分析了三个原因。第一个原因是：零售商应对残酷的竞争采用技术取代员工。第二个原因是：商家一般都开始把重点更多放在赢得顾客而不是保持顾客上。第三个原因是：一些吵闹的、失望的没有耐心的购买者经常惹恼店主。A选项“购物者通常是刺耳的、沮丧的和不耐烦的”只是个别现象；B选项“购物者经常把商家告上法庭”文中没有提到；C选项“商家使用技术替代员工”符合题意；D选项“企业热衷于留住顾客，而不是得到他们”与文意不符，因此C选项正确。

48.【试题答案】C

【试题解析】细节事实题。根据题意定位到文章第三段的第一句“TheBetterBusinessBureauatVancouvergets250complaintsaweek,twiceasmanyasfiveyearsago.Thebureauthenhadonecomplaintscounselorandnowhasfour.（温哥华商业促进局每周接到250起投诉，是五年前的两倍。该局当时只有一名投诉顾问，现在有四名。）”可知，投诉多了，业务更加繁忙了。A选项“效率更高”；B选项“官僚作风减少”；D选项“更好的职员”文中没有提到，C选项“更多的业务”符合题意，因此C选项正确。

49.【试题答案】A

【试题解析】细节事实题。根据题意可定位到文章第四段，第四段提到了服务成了代与代之间变化的受害者并对其进行了阐述。A选项“擅长与机器而非人打交道”与年轻职员人际交流能力差相关，而且是直接原因；B选项“在家没有接受简单的礼仪训练”；C选项“成为代与代之间变化的受害者”；D选项“将零售视为临时的工作”都是年轻人其他方面的表现，因此A选项正确。

50.【试题答案】D

【试题解析】作者意图题。文中作者主要描述了劣质服务的存在及分析其原因。最后一段作者写到顾客真正想要的是一个接近的机会。如果顾客得不到他们想要的服务，他们就会跑掉。由此可见作者是在呼吁并警告服务行业要善于找出他们的服务问题并进行改善。A选项“攻击的”；B选项“理解的”；C选项“懊悔的”；D选项“警告的”，因此D选项正确。

8.单选题

Ingeneral,matterswhichlieentirelywithinstatebordersarethe____concernofstategovernment.

问题1选项

A.extinct

B.excluding

C.excessive

D.exclusive

【答案】D

【解析】考查形容词辨析与上下文语义。A选项extinct“灭绝的”；B选项excluding“不包括”；C选项excessive“过多的，极度的”；D选项exclusive“独有的；排外的”。句意：一般来说，完全在州界内的事务是州政府的____关注。本句要表达的是，州界内的事务是州政府应该关注的事，D选项exclusive“独有的；排外的”最符合句意。B选项excluding是介词，原文缺少一个形容词，排除。因此，本题最佳选项为D。

9.单选题

We’veseena(n)

(

)

trendofconsumerssayingtheywillspendmore,fromholidayshoppingto2012travelplans,andspendingplansforFeb.14arenoexception.

问题1选项

A.consistent

B.persistent

C.insistent

D.resistant

【答案】A

【解析】考查形近形容词辨析。consistent“前后一致的；坚持的“；persistent”固执的；坚持的“；insistent”坚持的；迫切的；显著的“；resistant”反抗的；顽固的“。句意：从假日购物到2012年的旅游计划，我们已经看到消费者将增加消费的……倾向，2月14日的消费计划也不例外。按照句意，A选项符合，指这种消费倾向保持一致。

10.单选题

Thecourseleaderrequeststhatallthesesarehandedinbefore5:00p.m.nextFriday.

A

B

C

D

问题1选项

A.theses

B.are

C.in

D.nextFriday

【答案】B

【解析】考查虚拟语气。当表示“建议、请求、命令、要求”等主观意向的词（suggest，advise，propose，recommend，demand，request等）引导宾语从句时，从句需用虚拟语气：（should）+动词原形，should可以省略。

试题答案：B;be

11.单选题

Dowomentendtodevaluetheworthoftheirwork?Dotheyapplydifferentstandardstorewardingtheirownworkmorecriticallythantheydotorewardingtheworkofothers?ThesewerethequestionsaskedbyMichiganStateUniversitypsychologistsLawrenceMesseandCharleneCallahan-Levy.Pastexperimentshadshownthatwhenwomenwereaskedtodecidehowmuchtopaythemselvesandotherpeopleforthesamejob,theypaidthemselvesless.Followinguponthisfinding,MesseandCallahan-Levydesignedexperimentstotestseveralpopularexplanationsofwhywomentendtogetlessinpaysituations.

Onetheorythepsychologiststestedwasthatwomenjudgetheirownworkmoreharshlythanthatofothers.ThesubjectsfortheexperimenttestingthistheoryweremenandwomenfromtheMichiganStateundergraduatestudentbody.Thejobthesubjectswereaskedtoperformforpaywasanopinionquestionnairerequiringanumberofshortessaysoncampus-relatedissues.Aftercompletingthequestionnaire,somesubjectsweregivensixdollarsinbillsandchangeandwereaskedtodecidepaymentforthemselves.Othersweregiventhesameamountandwereaskedtodecidepaymentforanothersubjectwhohadalsocompletedthequestionnaire.

Thepsychologistsfoundthat,asinearlierexperiments,thewomenpaidthemselveslessthanthemenpaidthemselves.Theyalsofoundthatthewomenpaidthemselveslessthantheypaidotherwomenandlessthanthemenpaidthewomen.Thedifferencesweresubstantial.Theaveragepaidtowomenbythemselveswas$2.97.Theaveragepaidtomenbythemselveswas$4.06.Theaveragepaidtowomenbyotherswas$4.37.Inspiteofthedifferences,thepsychologistsfoundthatthemenandthewomenintheexperimentevaluatedtheirownperformancesonthequestionnaireaboutequallyandbetterthantheexpectedperformancesofothers.

Onthebasisofthesefindings,MesseandCallahan-Levyconcludedthatwomen'sattachmentofacomparativelylowmonetaryvaluetotheirworkcannotbebasedentirelyontheirjudgmentoftheirownability.

1.Theexperimentdesignedinthepassagewouldbemostrelevanttotheformulation(表述)ofatheoryconcerningthe________.

2.HowistheresearchofMesseandCallahan-Levyrelatedtoearlierexperimentsinthesamefield?

3.Whichofthefollowingstatementsissupportedbythefactsstatedinthepassage?

4.TheworkofMesseandCallahan-Levytendstosupportwhichofthefollowingnotions?

5.Itcanbeinferredfromthelastparagraphthat________.

问题1选项

A.generallylowersalariesreceivedbywomenworkersincomparisontomen

B.reluctanceofsomewomentoenterprofessionsthataretraditionallydominatedbymen

C.anxietyexpressedbysomewomenworkersindealingwithmalesupervisors

D.prejudicesoftensufferedbywomeninattemptingtoentertheworkforce

问题2选项

A.Itsuggestsaneedtodiscardmethodsusedinearlierexperiments.

B.Ittendstoweakentheassumptionsonwhichearlierexperimentsweredesigned.

C.Itsuggeststhattheproblemrevealedinearlierexperimentsmaybemorewidespreadthanpreviouslythought.

D.Ithelpstoexplainaphenomenonrevealedinearlierexperiments

问题3选项

A.Mentendtopaythemselvesmorethantheypayothermenforthesamework.

B.Womentendtopaymenmorethantheypayotherwomenforthesamework.

C.Mentendtopaywomenlessthantheypayothermenforthesamework.

D.Noneoftheabove.

问题4选项

A.Womenaregenerallylessconcernedwithfinancialrewardsfortheirworkthanmenare.

B.Menarewillingtopaywomenmorethanwomenarewillingtopaythemselves.

C.Paymentforworkshouldgenerallybedirectlyrelatedtothequalityofthework.

D.Womenjudgetheirownworkmorecruciallythantheyjudgetheworkofmen.

问题5选项

A.itisnotalwaysreliabletomeasurewomen’sabilitybyhowmuchtheyearn

B.womenwouldratherattachimportancetosacrificesthanaskforrepaymentfortheirwork

C.womentendtoassesstheirabilityofworkbytheirownself-worthratherthanmonetaryvalues

D.womengenerallyremainindifferenttohowmuchmoneytheyshouldobtainfromtheirwork

【答案】第1题:A

第2题:D

第3题:D

第4题:B

第5题:A

【解析】1.【试题答案】A

【试题解析】事实细节题。根据第一段最后一句MesseandCallahan-Levydesignedexperimentstotestseveralpopularexplanationsofwhywomentendtogetlessinpaysituations（Messe和Callahan-Levy设计了一些实验，以检验为什么女性的薪酬往往较低的几种流行学说），可知实验是为了验证女性工资普遍较低的相关话题，A选项“与男性相比，女性员工的工资普遍较低”正确。B选项“一些女性不愿意进入传统上由男性主导的职业”，C选项“一些女性员工在与男性主管打交道时表现出焦虑”和D选项“在试图进入职场时，女性经常遭受偏见”：文中没有提到，属于无中生有。因此A选项正确。

2.【试题答案】D

【试题解析】推理判断题。根据第一段最后两句Pastexperimentshadshownthat…Followinguponthisfinding,MesseandCallahan-Levydesignedexperimentstotestseveralpopularexplanationsofwhywomentendtogetlessinpaysituations.（过去的实验表明……在这一发现的基础上，Messe和Callahan-Levy设计了一些实验，以检验为什么女性的薪酬往往较低的几种流行学说），结合第三段第一句asinearlierexperiments…Theyalsofoundthat…（与之前的实验一样……他们还发现……），可知Messe和Callahan-Levy的实验是为了解释之前实验现象的原因，结果与之前的实验结果如出一辙，并且有进一步的发现，可以为先前的实验提供进一步的解释，D选项“有助于解释在之前实验中发现的现象”正确。A选项“表明有必要抛弃在之前实验中使用的方法”：文中没有提到早期实验的方法以及对此的看法，属于无中生有。B选项“倾向于削弱之前实验设计所依据的假设”：其结果印证了之前的假设，属于反向干扰。C选项“表明早期实验揭示的问题可能比以前认为的更广泛”：文中没有提到在早期实验之前的观点，属于无中生有。因此D选项正确。

3.【试题答案】D

【试题解析】推理判断题。A选项“做同样的工作，男性付给自己的报酬往往比别人的多”：文中没有对比男性给自己的和给其他人的金钱差异，属于无中生有。B选项“做同样的工作，女性往往付给男性的钱比给其他女性的多”：根据第三段第一二句thewomenpaidthemselveslessthanthemenpaidthemselves…womenpaidthemselveslessthantheypaidotherwomenandlessthanthemenpaidthewomen.（女性给自己的报酬低于男性给自己的报酬……女性给自己的报酬低于其他女性，也低于男性给女性的报酬），文中没有对比女性给其他女性和男性的报酬，属于无中生有。C选项“做同样的工作，男性付给女性的钱往往比给其他男性的少”：文中没有提到，属于无中生有。D选项“以上都不是”：A、B、C选项都不正确，因此D选项正确。

4.【试题答案】B

【试题解析】推理判断题。根据第三段第二句thewomenpaidthemselves…lessthanthemenpaidthewomen（女性付给自己的钱比男性付给女性的少），可知男性付给女性的报酬比女性给自己的报酬高，B选项“男性愿意支付给女性的薪水要高于女性愿意支付给自己的薪水”正确。A选项“与男性相比，女性一般不太关心工作的经济报酬”：根据最后一段women'sattachmentofacomparativelylowmonetaryvaluetotheirwork（女性对其工作相对较低的金钱价值依恋），可知女性没有男性那么渴望较高的报酬，但不代表女性不关心自己得到的报酬是多少，属于推理过度。C选项“工作报酬一般应与工作质量直接相关”和D选项“女性评判自己的工作比男性的工作更重要”：文中没有提到，属于无中生有。因此B选项正确。

5.【试题答案】A

【试题解析】推理判断题。根据最后一段women'sattachmentofacomparativelylowmonetaryvaluetotheirworkcannotbebasedentirelyontheirjudgmentoftheirownability（女性对其工作相对较低的金钱价值依恋，不能完全基于她们对自己能力的判断），可知女性不那么追求高报酬，并不是因为能力低，A选项“用收入多少来衡量女性的能力并不总是可靠的”正确。B选项“妇女宁愿重视牺牲，也不愿要求对她们工作的回报”和D选项“女性通常对她们应该从工作中获得多少钱漠不关心”：虽然女性没有要求那么高的报酬，但不至于对钱漠不关心，愿意做出巨大的牺牲，属于推理过度。C选项“女性倾向于通过自我价值而不是金钱价值来评估自己的工作能力”：文中没有提到，属于无中生有。因此A选项正确。

12.单选题

Eventhoughitisa（

）explanation,Iamnotcompletelyconvinced.

问题1选项

A.susceptible

B.plausible

C.plentiful

D.reliable

【答案】B

【解析】susceptible易受影响的，易感动的；plausible貌似可信的，貌似有理的；plentiful许多的，丰富的；reliable可靠的，可信赖的。句意：尽管这是一个合理的解释，但我并不完全信服。选项B符合句意。

13.单选题

Isitpossibletobebothfatandfit—notjustfitenoughtoexercise,butfitenoughtoliveaslongassomeonealotlighter?Notaccordingtoa2004studyfromtheHarvardSchoolofPublicHealthwhichlookedat115,000nursesagedbetween30and55,comparedwithwomenwhowereboththinandactive,obese(overweight)butactivewomenhadamortalityratethatwas91%higher.Thoughfarbetterthantheinactiveobese(142%higher),theywerestillworseoffthantheinactivelean(5%higher).Asimilarpictureemergedin2008afterresearchersexamined39,000womenwithanaverageageof54.Comparedwithactivewomenofnormalweight,theactivebutoverweightwere54%morelikelytodevelopheartdisease.

That’ssettled,then.Orisit?StevenBlair,aprofessorofexercisescienceattheUniversityofSouthCarolina,describestheofficialfocusonobesityasan“obsession...andit’snotgroundedinsoliddata”.

Blair’smostfascinatingstudy,intheJournaloftheAmericanMedicalAssociationin2007,took2,600peopleaged60andabove,ofvariousdegreesoffatness,andtestedtheirfitnessontheexercisedevice,ratherthanaskingthemtoquantifyitthemselves.Thisisanunusuallyrigorousapproach,heclaims,sincemanyrivalsurveysaskparticipantstoassesstheirownfitness,orignoreitasafactoraltogether.

“Thereisan‘association’betweenobesityandfitness,”heagrees,“butitisnotperfect.Asyouprogresstowardsoverweight,thepercentageofindividualswhoarefitdoesgodown.Buthere’sashock:amongclassⅡobeseindividuals(withabodymassindexbetween35and39.9),about40%or45%arestillfit.Yousimplycannottellbylookingwhethersomeoneisfitornot.Whenwelookatthesemortalityratesinfatpeoplewhoarefit,weseethattheharmfuleffectoffatjustdisappears:theirdeathrateduringthenextdecadeishalfthatofthenormalweightpeoplewhoareunfit.”

Oneday—probablyaboutahundredyearsfromnow—thisfat-but-fitquestionwillbeansweredwithouttheshadowofadoubt.Inthemeantime,isthereanythingthatalltheexpertsagreeon?Ohyes:howevermuchyourbodyweighs,you’lllivelongerifyoumoveaboutabit.

1.Itcanbelearnedthatthe2008research____.

2.StevenBlairprobablyconsidersthepreviousstudiesas____.

3.ThemajordifferencebetweenBlair’sstudyandthepreviousresearchisthat____.

4.Blair’sstudyprovesthat____.

5.Itcanbeseenfromthedescriptionofthesestudiesthattheauthor____.

6.Thepurposeofwritingthispassageisto____.

问题1选项

A.posedachallengetothe2004study

B.confirmedthefindingsofthe2004study

C.solvedtheproblemsleftbehindbythe2004study

D.hadadifferentwayofthinkingfromthe2004study

问题2选项

A.unreliable

B.uncreative

C.unrealistic

D.untraditional

问题3选项

A.Blairexcludedtheparticipants’fitnessasafactor

B.Blairguessedtheparticipants’fitnessafterweighingthem

C.Blairrequiredtheparticipantstoassesstheirownfitness

D.Blairevaluatedtheparticipants’fitnessthroughphysicaltests

问题4选项

A.theweightproblemshouldbetakenseriously

B.weightandfitnessarestronglyconnected

C.itispossibletobebothfatandfit

D.fatpeoplehaveahigherdeathrate

问题5选项

A.showsnopreferenceforanyresearcher

B.findsnoagreementbetweentheresearchers

C.obviouslyfavorstheBlairstudy

D.obviouslyfavorstheHarvardstudy

问题6选项

A.callonpeopletopayattentiontoweightproblem

B.presentthedifferentfindingsofvariousweightstudies

C.comparethestrengthandweaknessofdifferentstudies

D.offersuggestionsonhowtoremainfitandlivelonger

【答案】第1题:B

第2题:A

第3题:D

第4题:C

第5题:C

第6题:B

【解析】1.事实细节题。

1）精准定位：根据题干“2008年的研究____”，可定位到原文第1段倒数第2句Asimilarpictureemergedin2008afterresearchersexamined39,000