考研考博-英语-商洛学院押题密卷附带答案详解篇

书山有路勤为径，学海无涯苦作舟！住在富人区的她考研考博-英语-商洛学院押题密卷附带答案详解（图片大小可自由调整）全文为Word可编辑，若为PDF皆为盗版，请谨慎购买！第壹套一.全考点押题密卷-综合训练(共50题)1.单选题

（）myreturn,IlearnedthatProfessorSmithhadbeenattheMuseumandwouldnotbebackforseveralhours.

问题1选项

A.For

B.At

C.In

D.On

【答案】D

【解析】固定搭配题。onone’sreturn表示“在……回来的时候”。

2.单选题

Marywastakeninonmorethanoneoccasion,forshewould（

）anystory.

问题1选项

A.swallow

B.speculate

C.grope

D.distort

【答案】A

【解析】考查动词词义辨析。swallow“忍受，吞没”；speculate“推测，投机，思索”；grope“摸索，探索”；distort“扭曲，使失真”。句意：玛丽不止一次被骗，因为她容易轻信任何故事。选项A符合题意。

3.单选题

DuringRomantimes,（）andmarblewerethematerialsmostcommonlyusedforsculpture.

问题1选项

A.booth

B.brood

C.bust

D.bronze

【答案】D

【解析】考查名词辨析。A选项booth“货摊；公用电话亭”；B选项brood“一窝；一伙”；C选项bust“破产；半身像；胸部”；D选项bronze“青铜”。句意：在罗马时代，……和大理石是最常用于雕刻的材料。由后面的并列名词marble“大理石”，可知需要填入一个和大理石一样能够进行雕刻的材料。因此可以排除A，B，C选项。D选项符合题意。

4.单选题

Theking'sdaughterthreatenedtodrinkthechemicalifherefusedherrequest.

问题1选项

A.deadly

B.deathly

C.fatal

D.mortal

【答案】A

【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：国王的女儿威胁国王说，如果不同意她的要求，就喝下毒药。A选项deadlyadj.致命地，非常地，表示致死的可能性极大，用于能引起死亡的事物，如：adeadlydisease是通常会致死的疾病。B选项deathlyadj.死一般的，让人想到死亡的，如：adeathlysilence死一般的寂静。fatal强调命运或必然性，用来形容导致毁灭，灾难，死亡的潜在或实际原因。在预测未来时，多用fatal。而mortal是死亡已经发生或一定会发生，因此该词只用于事实上已经引起死亡或即将引起死亡的事物。此处是表示“致命的东西”，因此，A项是正确答案。

5.单选题

The___ofhisprofessiondonotpermithimtodothat.

问题1选项

A.ethics

B.ethnics

C.morality

D.morale

【答案】A

【解析】考查名词辨析。A选项ethics“伦理学；伦理观；道德标准（道德信仰和对与错的规则，常用于伦理方面）”；B选项ethnics“[人类]人种学”；C选项morality“道德（认为某些行为是正确和可接受的，而其他行为是错误的信念）；品行；美德”；D选项morale“士气；斗志”。句意：他的职业道德标准不允许他那样做。本句表达“职业道德标准”，属于伦理方面的对错规则，因此A选项正确。

6.单选题

Britainhasthehighest（

）ofroadtrafficintheworld—over60carsforeverymileofroad.

问题1选项

A.popularity

B.prosperity

C.intensity

D.density

【答案】D

【解析】形近词辨析。popularity普遍，流行；prosperity兴旺，繁荣；intensity强烈，剧烈；density密集，稠密，密度。根据后面一句over60carsforeverymileofroad(每英里有60多辆汽车),推测D项正确。

7.单选题

Ingeneral，matterswhichlieentirelywithinstatebordersarethe（）concernofstategov-ernments.

问题1选项

A.extinct

B.excluding

C.excessive

D.exclusive

【答案】D

【解析】形容词辨析。句意:—般来说，国家边境问题是政府（）关心的问题。

extinct灭绝的；excluding除…外，不包括;excessive过度的，过分的;exclusive独有的，专一的。D项exclusive独有的，专一的符合句意，在这里表示“专门的,特别的”。

8.单选题

I（）thathewasalittlecrippledinthelegsoIsloweddownmypace.

问题1选项

A.perceived

B.deceived

C.conceived

D.received

【答案】A

【解析】考查动词辨析。A选项perceive“察觉；理解；认知”；B选项deceive“欺骗；行骗”；C选项conceive“怀孕；构思；持有”；D选项receive“收到；接待；接纳”。句意：……他的腿有点瘸，所以我放慢了脚步。“我”放慢脚步是因为“发现、察觉”他腿脚不便，因此A选项正确。

9.单选题

Ifnoacquisitionwascognizedasrightfuleveninaprovisionalway（）enteringthecivilcondition,thecivilconditionitselfwouldbeimpossible.

问题1选项

A.anteriorbefore

B.posteriorto

C.priorbefore

D.priorto

【答案】D

【解析】形容词词义辨析和固定搭配。anterior“先前的”；posteriorto“晚于”；priorto“居先”；prior“优先的”。句意：如果获取行为被认为是合理的，甚至是以暂时的方式提前申请民用条件，那么民用条件本身变得不可能。选项D符合题意。

10.单选题

Thecircushasalwaysbeenvery,popularbecauseit（

）boththeoldandtheyoung.

问题1选项

A.facilitates

B.fascinates

C.immerses

D.indulges

【答案】B

【解析】考查动词辨析。A选项facilitate“促进；帮助”；B选项fascinate“使着迷”；C选项immerse“沉浸；使陷入”；D选项indulge“满足；沉溺；放任”。句意：马戏团一直都很受欢迎，因为它能同时……老年人和年轻人。马戏团能使老年人和年轻人都“着迷”，从而受欢迎。因此B选项正确。

11.翻译题

Readingisfun,notbecausethewriteristellingyousomething,butbecauseitmakesyourmindwork.Yourownimaginationworksalongwiththeauthor’sorevengoesbeyondhis.Yourexperience,comparedwithhis,bringsyoutothesameordifferentconclusions,andyourideasdevelopasyouunderstandthis.

Everybookstandsbyitself,likeaone-familyhouse,butbooksinalibraryarelikehousesinacity.Althoughtheyareseparate,togethertheyalladduptosomething;theyareconnectedwitheachotherandwithothercities.Thesameideas,orrelatedones,turnupindifferentplaces;thehumanproblemsthatrepeatthemselvesinliferepeatthemselvesinliterature,butwithdifferentsolutionsaccordingtodifferentwritingsatdifferenttimes.

【答案】阅读之所以有趣，并不是因为作者在向你讲述什么，而是由于阅读使你积极地思考。在作者的引导之下，你的想象力任意驰骋，甚至超越作者的想象。对比作者的经历，你会得出自己的结论，可能相同，也可能相悖。而你的想法会随着你的理解而发展。

每一本书籍都独立存在，就像独门独户的房子，而图书馆中的书籍却像城市中的建筑。尽管它们各自独立，但却共同构成一个整体。它们之间彼此相连，而且也与其他城市相互联系。相同或者相关的想法在不同的地方出现。人类在生活中反复出现的问题在文学中也重复出现，但在不同的时代、不同的作品中解决的办法各不相同。

12.单选题

Overtheyears,JimmyConnors()phenomenaldisplaysoftennisandtemperamentattheUSOpenlastweek,heexhibitedbothagain.

问题1选项

A.hastreatedspectatorswith

B.hastreatedspectatorsfor

C.hastreatedspectators

D.hastreatedspectatorsto

【答案】A

【解析】考查固定搭配。treat…with…“用……招待……”。句意：过去几年，JimmyConnors曾向观众展现了他的网球球技及个性特点，在上周的美国公开赛上，他再次展现了这两点。因此A选项符合题意。

13.单选题

HissuccessfulnegotiationwiththeFrenchdelegationhelpedto（）hispositioninthegovernment.

问题1选项

A.contrive

B.consolidate

C.heave

D.intensify

【答案】B

【解析】考查动词词义辨析。A选项contrive“设计；发明；图谋”；B选项consolidate“巩固，使固定；联合”；C选项heave“举起；使起伏；发出（叹息等）”；D选项intensify“使加强，使强化；使变激烈”。句意：他与法国代表团的成功谈判帮助巩固了他在政府机关中的地位。结合句意，B选项正确。

14.单选题

Imagineadiseasespreadingacrosstheglobe,killingmostlymiddle-agedpeopleorleavingthemchronicallydisabled.Thenonedayresearcherscomeupwithadrugthatcanpreventsomeofthedisease’snastiereffects.Youwouldthinktheworld’sageingpublicwouldbeeternallygrateful.

Thediseasedoesexist.Itiscalledtobaccoaddiction.Thedrugtooisrealandinanimaltestshaspreventedlungdamagethatleadstoemphysema.Buttheinventorshavereceivednobouquets.Prevailingmedicalopinionseemstobethatthedrugisameresideshow,distractingsmokersfromthetaskofquitting.Anotherexperimentaldrug,whichcouldprotectsmokersagainstcancer,isalsoviewedwithsuspicionbecauseitcouldgivesmokersanexcusenottoquit.

Onthefaceofittheseresponsesmakesense.Itisingrainedinsocietythatsmokershaveonlythemselvestoblameandtheirsalvationliesinasimpleactofwill.Iftheywillnotquitsmoking,theycannotexpecthelpfromanyoneelse.

Butthislogicisflawed.Checkasurveyofsmokersandyoufindtwo-thirdswanttogiveupandone-thirdwillhavetriedinthepreviousyear.Yet,evenwithnicotinegum,patchesanddrugstoeasetheordeal,thequitrateisstillunder10percent.IntheUK,theproportionofpeoplewhosmokehasnotfalleninadecade.Tobaccohasapowerfulgrip,andmanysmokerarecaughtinatraptheycannotescape:theyhaveadiseaselikeanyotheranddeservethechancetoreducetheharmitdoestothem.

Thisreasoningishardformanytoswallow.Itcertainlyleavesgovernmentsandanti-smokinggroupsinabind.Theyarehappytopaylipservicetomethodsforreducingharm—ofwhichthreeareagrowingnumber—buttheyareslowtocreatepoliciesbaseduponthem.EuropeanUnioncountries,forexample,tookyearstoevenconsiderregulatingthedangerousadditivesincigarettes.

Onefearisthatmethodsforreducingharmwilldilutethemessagethattobaccokills—especiallywhengiventoyoungsters.Butthatmessagewon’tchange,inthepresentcase,evenifbothdrugsturnouttoworkinhumantrials,theywouldnotprotectagainstallthedeadlysideeffectsofsmoking.Andthedrugsdonothavetobefreetoall.Theycouldbeavailableonlyonprescriptionforpeoplewhodoctorsbelievegenuinelycannotgiveup.

Therearethingsthatnodrugaimedatharmreductionwilleverbeabletodo.Itwillnotcutpassivesmokingorstoptobaccocompaniespersuadingmillionsofteenagerstolightup.Forthesereasonsallotherwaystocountersmokingmustcontinue,frombanningtobaccoadvertisingtoraisingtobaccotaxes.Butitwouldbeamistaketoignoretheharmreductionmeasures.Forthosewhoarenotconvinced,forgetsmokersforamoment.Preventivedrugscouldalsohelpnon-smokers,especiallythoseworkinglonghoursas,say,musiciansandbarstaffinsmokyrooms.Shouldwedenythemtoo?

1.Thestatement“Buttheinventorshavereceivednobouquets”impliesthat______.

2.Theauthorarguesthat______.

3.Theauthoristryingtoemphasizethatthedrugs______.

4.Thedrugs,accordingtotheauthor,areexpected______.

5.Wecandrawaconclusionfromthepassagethat______.

问题1选项

A.thedrugshavereceivedsuspicion

B.theinventorsjustpresentedasideshow

C.itwilltaketimeforthepublictoacceptthenewdrug

D.theeffectsofthedrugneedfurthertestonhumantrials

问题2选项

A.nosmokerisexpectedtosucceedinquitting

B.smokersdeservetheharmsmokingdoestothem

C.smokerswithresolutiontostopsmokingneedhelp

D.smokerscouldsucceedwithstrongresolutiontogiveup

问题3选项

A.aremainlyaimedatyoungsters

B.shouldbeavailabletosmokersfreeofcharge

C.willnotchangethemessagethattobaccokills

D.helpregulatethedangerousadditivesincigarettes

问题4选项

A.toperformpreventivefunctionsinnon-smokers

B.toreducethenumberofpassivesmokers

C.toenforcethecombatagainstsmoking

D.alloftheabove

问题5选项

A.withinnovativedrugssmokerscanstillenjoypersonalgratificationsandstayhealthy

B.ifadrugcansavelives,weshouldn’twithholditwithoutgoodreason

C.thebattleagainstsmokingisfarfromwon

D.therewillbeasafewaytosmoke

【答案】第1题:A

第2题:C

第3题:C

第4题:C

第5题:C

【解析】1.语义推测题。根据题干可定位到文章第二段“Buttheinventorshavereceivednobouquets.Prevailingmedicalopinionseemstobethatthedrugisameresideshow,distractingsmokersfromthetaskofquitting.Anotherexperimentaldrug,whichcouldprotectsmokersagainstcancer,isalsoviewedwithsuspicionbecauseitcouldgivesmokersanexcusenottoquit.（但是这些发明家没有收到任何花束。流行的医学观点似乎是，药物只是次要的，它分散了吸烟者的任务，戒烟。另一种可以保护吸烟者不患癌症的实验性药物也受到怀疑，因为它可以给吸烟者一个不戒烟的借口。）”，由此可知这些发明家发明的药物受到人们的怀疑，所以A选项“这些药物已经受到怀疑”符合题意。B选项“发明家只是表演了一个小插曲”；C选项“公众接受这种新药需要一段时间”；D选项“药物的效果需要进一步的人体试验”都与题干无关。因此A选项正确。

2.观点态度题。根据第四段“Yet,evenwithnicotinegum,patchesanddrugstoeasetheordeal,thequitrateisstillunder10percent.（然而，即使使用尼古丁口香糖、贴片和药物来缓解这种折磨，戒烟率仍然低于10%。）”可知A选项“预计没有烟民会成功戒烟”错误；根据第四段最后一句“theyhaveadiseaselikeanyotheranddeservethechancetoreducetheharmitdoestothem.（他们和其他任何疾病一样，有机会减少烟草对他们的危害。）”可知B选项“吸烟者应该受到吸烟所造成的伤害”说法错误；根据第四段“Checkasurveyofsmokersandyoufindtwo-thirdswanttogiveupandone-thirdwillhavetriedinthepreviousyear.（对吸烟者进行调查，你会发现三分之二的人想要戒烟，三分之一的人在前一年已经尝试过了）”以及“theyhaveadiseaselikeanyotheranddeservethechancetoreducetheharmitdoestothem.（他们和其他任何疾病一样，有机会减少烟草对他们的危害。）”可知C选项“决心戒烟的人需要帮助”正确；D选项“吸烟者可以通过坚定的决心戒烟成功”文章没有提到。因此C选项正确。

3.作者意图题。根据题干可定位到文章第六段“Onefearisthatmethodsforreducingharmwilldilutethemessagethattobaccokills—especiallywhengiventoyoungsters.Butthatmessagewon’tchange,inthepresentcase,evenifbothdrugsturnouttoworkinhumantrials,theywouldnotprotectagainstallthedeadlysideeffectsofsmoking.（一种担心是，减少烟草危害的方法会淡化烟草致人死亡的信息——尤其是对青少年而言。但在目前的情况下，这一信息不会改变，即使这两种药物在人体试验中都有效，它们也不能预防吸烟的所有致命副作用。）”可知作者强调该药物不会改变烟草致人死亡的信息，所以C选项“不会改变烟草致人死亡的信息”正确。A选项“主要针对年轻人”说法错误，该药物针对的是所有烟民；B选项“应该免费提供给吸烟者”说法错误，文章提到“Andthedrugsdonothavetobefreetoall.Theycouldbeavailableonlyonprescriptionforpeoplewhodoctorsbelievegenuinelycannotgiveup.（而且药物并不一定要对所有人免费。只有医生认为真正不能放弃的人才能买到这种药。）”；D选项“帮助控制香烟中的危险添加剂”文章没有提到，因此C选项正确。

4.细节事实题。根据题干可定位到文章最后一段“Forthesereasonsallotherwaystocountersmokingmustcontinue,frombanningtobaccoadvertisingtoraisingtobaccotaxes.（出于这些原因，从禁止烟草广告到提高烟草税，所有其他抵制吸烟的方式都必须继续下去。）”，由此可知该药物将会加强反对吸烟的斗争，所以C选项“加强反对吸烟的斗争”正确。A选项“对不吸烟者起到预防作用”，文章提到“Preventivedrugscouldalsohelpnon-smokers（预防性药物也可以帮助不吸烟者）”，并没有提到预防作用，只说会有帮助，A选项错误；B选项“减少被动吸烟的数量”说法错误，文章最后一段提到“Itwillnotcutpassivesmokingorstoptobaccocompaniespersuadingmillionsofteenagerstolightup.（它不会减少被动吸烟，也不会阻止烟草公司劝说数百万青少年吸烟。）”；D选项“以上都是”。因此C选项正确。

5.主旨大意题。文章主要讲了能预防吸烟带来的不良后果的药物。文章提到这种药物受到很多质疑，并且一一回答了它们。文章最后一段提到有些东西是任何药物都无法做到的，所以呼吁人们提高禁烟意识，并且参与到禁烟活动中去。由此可知人们的反对禁烟的斗争还远未取得胜利，所以C选项“反对禁烟的斗争还远未取得胜利”正确。A选项“有了创新药物，吸烟者仍然可以享受个人满足和保持健康”说法错误，文章并没有提到这一观点；B选项“如果一种药物可以挽救生命，我们不应该没有充分的理由就拒绝它”，文章也没有提到，且人们对新药物持质疑态度也是可行的；D选项“将会有一个更安全的吸烟方式”并不是文章所侧重的，因此C选项正确。

15.填空题

Directions:Thispartconsistsofashortpassage.Inthispassage,therearealtogether10mistakes,oneineachnumberedline.Youmayhavetoaddaword,crossoutaword,orchangeaword.PutyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET.(10%)

e.g.,1.Themeetingbegun2hoursago.

CorrectionintheANSWERSHEET:begun—began

e.g.,2.Scarcelytheysettledthemselvesintheirseatsinthetheatrewhenthecurtainswentup.CorrectionintheANSWERSHEET:(Scarcely)had(they)

e.g.,3.Neverwill1notdoitagain.

CorrectionintheANSWERSHEET:not×

StephenWilliamHawking,oneofthegreatesttheoreticalphysicistsintheworld,suffersfromarareslow-progressingformofamyotrophiclateralsclerosis(ALS),alsoknownasmotorneurondisease.21.AsALShasmadeStephenWilliamHawkingavirtualprisonerinhisownbody,22.ithaslefthiscourageandhumorintact,hisintellectfreelytoroam.23.Androamitdoes,fromtheinfinitesimaltotheinfinite,fromthesubatomicrealmtothefarreachesofauniverse.Inthecourseofthesementalexpeditions,24.HawkinghasconceivedstartlingnewtheoriesaboutblackholesandthedisorderlyeventsthatimmediatelyfollowedtheBigBanginwhichtheuniversesprang.

25.WithouthiswifeJane,Hawkinghasalwaysemphasized,hiscareermighteverhavesoared.26.ShemarriedhimshortlyafterhediagnosedwithALS,fullyawareofthedreadful,progressivenatureofthedisease,givinghimhopeandthewilltocarryonwithhisstudies.

Theyhadthreechildrenintheearlystagesoftheirmarriage,andlater,27.ashebecameincreasinglydisabled,shedevotedherselftocareforhiseveryneed.28.Afteryearsofapparentlyharmoniousmarriage,therefore,seriousdisagreementsbeganappearing.AsawardspouredinforStephen,Jane—competentandintelligentherself—begantoresentlivinginhisshadow.Deeplyreligious,shewasalsooffendedbyhisdisbeliefoftheexistenceoftheGod.29.Particularlyannoyedtoherwashisconceptthattheuniversemightbecompletelyself-contained,havingnoboundaryoredge,nobeginningorend.Ifthatweretrue,heaskedchallengingly,“Whatplace,then,foracreator?”30.Still,friendswereshockedin1990whenHawkingabruptlyendedtheir25-yearmarriage,movinginwithoneofhisnurse.

【答案】21.As—While/Although

22.freely—free

23.a—the

24.in—from

25.ever—never

26.(he)was(diagnosed)

27.care—caring

28.therefore—however

29.annoyed—annoying

30.nurse—nurses

【解析】21.

as引导让步状语从句时主句需要部分倒装，而句子是陈述语气所以需要把as换成although或者while。

22.

intellect是名词，但是freely是副词，副词一般修饰动词不修饰名词，所以应该把freely改为其形容词形式。

23.

universe是专属名词，表示的是独一无二的事物，所以不能用不定冠词修饰，所以应该把不定冠词改为定冠词。

24.

定语从句中关系代词前的介词主要是根据后面的动词或者形容词的搭配来确定的，从句中的动词只有sprang（spring的过去分词），这里从句句意是“宇宙起源于（大爆炸）”，由此这里的介词应该是from，和spring组成固定搭配springfrom“起源于”。

25.

这里根据句意应该是“霍金总是强调，没有他的气质，他的事业不会起飞”，所以这里的ever应该改为否定词never。

26.

这里霍金应该是被诊断出患上渐冻症，所以应该加上助动词。

27.

这里根据固定搭配devoteoneselftodoing/n.所以应该把care改为caring。

28.

在多年表面和谐的婚姻之后，两人之间剧烈的分歧开始出现了。两个分句之间不存在因果或者顺承关系，应该是转折关系，所以应该把therefore改为however。

29.

annoyed“感到生气的”，一般用来形容人Sheishurtandannoyedthattheauthoritieshavebannedherfromworkingwithchildren.“她因当局禁止她做儿童工作而伤心恼怒”，因为政府不让她从事儿童工作，所以她感到恼怒，这时annoyed是用来形容人，生气的人。

annoying“令人生气的”，一般用来形容物，Hermostannoyinghabitwaseatingwithhermouthopen“她最让人讨厌的习惯就是张着嘴吃东西”，她张嘴吃饭这个习惯令人很讨厌，这里annoying是形容习惯，让人生气的习惯。

根据句意来说是他对宇宙的猜想让她感到生气，这里形容词应该是形容概念，所以应该把annoyed改为annoying。

30.

oneof后面需要加名词的复数形式，所以nurse后面应该用复数形式，根据句意也可以理解虽然霍金只能跟一个人结婚，但是他的护士绝对不止一个。

16.单选题

TheterroristattacksinLondonThursdayservedasajarringreminderthatintoday’sworld,youneverknowwhatyoumightseewhenyoupickupthenewspaperorturnontheTV.Disturbingimagesofterrorcantriggeravisceralresponsenomatterhowcloseorfarawayfromhometheeventhappened.

Throughouthistory,everymilitaryconflicthasinvolvedpsychologicalwarfareinonewayoranotherastheenemysoughttobreakthemoraleoftheiropponent.Butthankstoadvancesintechnology,thepopularityoftheInternet,andproliferationofnewscoverage,therulesofengagementinthistypeofmentalbattlehavechanged.

Whetherit’samassiveattackorasinglehorrificact,theeffectsofpsychologicalwarfarearen’tlimitedtothephysicaldamageinflicted.Instead,thegoaloftheseattacksistoinstillasenseoffearthatismuchgreaterthantheactualthreatitself.

Therefore,theimpactofpsychologicalterrordependslargelyonhowtheactsarepublicizedandinterpreted.Butthatalsomeanstherearewaystodefendyourselfandyourlovedonesbyputtingthesefearsintoperspectiveandprotectingyourchildrenfromhorrificimages.

WhatIsPsychologicalTerror?"Theuseofterrorismasatacticispredicateduponinducingaclimateoffearthatisincommensuratewiththeactualthreaten,"saysMiddleEasternhistorianRichardBullietofColumbiaUniversity.“Everytimeyouhaveanactofviolence,publicizingthatviolencebecomesanimportantpartoftheactitself.”

“Therearevariouswaystohaveyourimpact.Youcanhaveyourimpactbythemagnitudeofwhatyoudo,bythesymboliccharacteroftarget,orthehorrificqualityofwhatyoudotoasingleperson”BulliettellsWebMD.“Thepointisthatitisn’twhatyoudo,butit’showit’scoveredthatdeterminestheeffect.”Forexample,BullietsaystheIranianhostagecrisis,whichbeganin1979andlastedfor444days,wasactuallyoneofthemostharmlessthingsthathappenedintheMiddleEastinthelast25years.AlloftheU.S.hostageswereeventuallyreleasedunharmed，buttheeventremainsapsychologicalscarformanyAmericanswhowatchedhelplesslyaseachevening’snewscastcountedthedaysthehostageswerebeingheldcaptive.

Bullietsaysterroristsfrequentlyexploitimagesofagroupofmaskedindividualsexertingtotalpowerovertheircaptivestosendthemessagethattheactisacollectivedemonstrationofthegroup’spowerratherthananindividualcriminalact.“Youdon’thavethenotionthatacertainpersonhastakenahostage.It’sanimageofgrouppower,andtheforcebecomesgeneralizedratherthanpersonalized,”saysBulliet.“Therandomnessandtheubiquityofthethreatgivetheimpressionofvastlygreatercapacities.’’

PsychiatristAnsarHaroun,whoservedintheU.S.ArmyReservesinthefirstGulfWarandmorerecentlyinAfghanistan,saysthatterroristgroupsoftenresorttopsychologicalwarfarebecauseit’stheonlytactictheyhaveavailabletothem.“Theydon’thaveM-16s,andwehaveM-16s.Theydon’thavethemightymilitarypowerthatwehave,andtheyonlyhaveaccesstothingslikekidnapping,"saysHaroun,whoisalsoaclinicalprofessorofpsychiatryattheUniversityofCalifornia,SanDiego.

“Inpsychologicalwarfare,evenonebeheadingcanhavethepsychologicalimpactthatmightbeassociatedwithkilling1,000oftheenemy,"HarountellsWebMD.“Youhaven’treallyharmedtheenemyverymuchbykillingonepersonontheotherside.Butintermsofinspiringfear,anxiety,terror,andmakingusallfeelbad,you’veachievedalotofdemoralization."

1.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTamongthereasonsthatchangetherulesofpsychologicalwarfare?（

）

2.AccordingtoRichardBulliet,whydoes"publicizinganactofviolencebecomesanimportantpartofterrorismitself”?（

）

3.TheIranianhostagecrisisshowsthat（

）.

4.Therandomnessandtheubiquityoftheterroristactsbringtothepublictheimpressionthat（

）.

问题1选项

A.Breakthemoraleoftheiropponent.

B.Advancesintechnology.

C.ThepopularityoftheInternet.

D.Prosperityofmedia.

问题2选项

A.Becausepsychologicalterrorismisatactic.

B.Becauseterrorismdependsonaclimateoffearratherthanontheactualthreat.

C.Becausetheuseofterrorismistoinspirefearthatismoredestructivethantheactualthreat.

D.Becausepublicizingtheviolencecanmakemorepeopleknowtheactualthrea

问题3选项

A.theimpactofpsychologicalterrorrelieslargelyonhowtheactsarepublicized

B.therearevariouswaystohavetheimpactofpsychologicalterror

C.theAmericanmediaiseffective

D.thewaysdeterminestheeffect

问题4选项

A.theterroristsareexertingtotalpowerovertheircaptives

B.thethreatisacollectivedemonstrationofthegroup’spower

C.theterroristsarepowerfulandpervasive

D.theforcebecomesgeneralizedratherthanpersonalized

【答案】第1题:A

第2题:C

第3题:D

第4题:C

【解析】1.细节题。根据题干关键词psychologicalwarfare定位至第二段第一句,紧接着后面就提出了原因,advancesintechnology,thepopularityoftheInternet和proliferationofnewscoverage,分别对应选项B，C，D，只有选项A没有提及。

2.细节题。根据题干关键词RichardBulliet定位至第五段。第五段指出原因在于恐怖主义的策略就是创造一种和实际并不相符的恐惧氛围。

3.细节题。根据题干关键词Iranianhostagecrisis定位至第六段。选项D与第六段第四句重现。

4.细节题。根据题干关键词Therandomnessandtheubiquity定位至第七段，最后一句指出：这种威胁的随机性和普遍性给人的印象是其破坏能力大大增强。因此选项C正确。

17.单选题

Advanceinsciencemoreoftenthannotencounterspowerfulopposition,（）Darwin’sTheoryofEvolution.

问题1选项

A.aswasthecasewith

B.suchasthecaseof

C.asitdidwith

D.asinthecaseof

【答案】A

【解析】考查as的用法。as在句中是关系代词，引导非限定性定语从句，经常用于asis/wasthecasewith结构中，用具体事例说明主句的概括和结论。句意：科学的进步往往遭到强烈的反对，达尔文的进化论便是如此。因此A选项正确。

18.单选题

Itisthefirsttimethathe（

）theschoolregulation.

问题1选项

A.isgoingtoviolate

B.hasviolated

C.violates

D.violated

【答案】B

【解析】【试题解析】考查语法结构。本题考查的是同位语从句中的动词时态问题。Itisthefirsttimethat...这个句子结构中，使用动词的现在完成时，表示对于过去经历的总结，句意为：这是他第一次违反学校规则。故选项B符合题意。

19.单选题

Awordprocessorismuchbetterthanatypewriterinthatitenablesyoutoenterand（

）yourtextmoreeasily.

问题1选项

A.register

B.edit

C.propose

D.discharge

【答案】B

【解析】句意:文字信息处理机比打字机好得多，因为它能使你更容易地输入和编辑文本。

动词辨析。Register登记，注册;edit编辑，校对;propose建议，打算;discharge排放，解雇。因此B符合句意。

20.单选题

HerwrittenEnglishwaswonderful,andshehada(n)（）vocabularyforafreshman.

问题1选项

A.credulous

B.incredulous

C.credible

D.incredible

【答案】D

【解析】考查形容词辨析。credulous"轻信的,易受骗的";incredulous"怀疑的,不轻信的";credible"可信的,可靠的";incredible"不可思议的,难以置信的"。句意：她的书面英语非常棒,而且对于一个大一新生来说,她的词汇量惊人。选项D符合句意。

21.单选题

Foodistotheblood______readingistothemind.

问题1选项

A.that

B.which

C.what

D.so

【答案】C

【解析】考查固定搭配。本题考查的句型是：AistoBwhatCistoD=AistoBjustasCistoD。意为“A对于B正如C对于D一样”，如：Peopleistothearmywhatwateristofish．句意：食物之于血液，犹如读书之于心灵。因此C选项正确。

22.单选题

Thepoorindustrialisthadsaidthattheminimumwagewouldputhimoutofbusiness,（）bythenobleacademicthatitwouldnotneedtoifheranhiscompanyproperly.

问题1选项

A.tobeonlytold

B.onlybeingtold

C.onlytobetold

D.beingonlytold

【答案】C

【解析】语法和固定搭配。根据题意，空格前后的事情形成对比，存在转折关系。所以可排除选项B和D。句意：这位可怜的实业家曾经说过，最低工资会让他破产，但是却被这位高贵的学者告知，如果当初正确经营公司，就不会有这样的结果。onlytobetold为固定搭配，“却被告知”。没有搭配tobeonlytold。选项C符合题意。

23.单选题

Throughoutthenation’smorethan15,000schooldistricts,widelydifferingapproachestoteachingscienceandmathhaveemerged.Thoughtherecanbestrengthindiversity,anewinternationalanalysissuggeststhatthisvariabilityhasinsteadcontributedtolacklusterachievementscoresbyU.S.childrenrelativetotheirpeersinotherdevelopedcountries.

Indeed,concludesWilliamH.SchmidtofMichiganStateUniversity,wholedthenewanalysis,“nosingleintellectuallycoherentvisiondominatesU.S.educationalpracticeinmathorscience.”Thereason,hesaid,“isbecausethesystemisdeeplyandfundamentallyflawed.”

Thenewanalysis,releasedthisweek