2018年高考浙江卷英语真题及答案

2018年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（浙江卷）

英语第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分35分）第一节（共10小题；每小题分，满分25分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。AIn1812,theyearCharlesDickenswasborn,therewere66novelspublishedinBritain.Peoplehadbeenwritingnovelsforacentur—ymostexpertsdatethefirstnoveltoRobinsonCrusoein1719—butnobodywantedtodoitprofessionally.Thesteam-poweredprintingpresswasstillinitsearlystages;theliteracy（识字）rateinEnglandwasunder50%.Manyworksoffictionappearedwithoutthenamesoftheauthors,oftenwithsomethinglike“Byalady.”Novels,forthemostpart,werelookeduponassilly,immoral,orjustplainbad.In1870,whenDickensdied,theworldmournedhimasitsfirstprofessionalwriterandpublisher,famousandbeloved,whohadledanexplosioninboththepublicationofnovelsandtheirreadershipandwhosecharacters—fromOliverTwisttoTinyTim—wereheldupasmoraltouchstones.TodayDickens'greatnessisunchallenged.Removinghimfromthepantheon（名人堂）ofEnglishliteraturewouldmakeaboutasmuchsenseastheLouvresellingofftheMonaLisa.HowdidDickensgettothetop?Forallthefeelingsreadersattachtostories,literatureisanumbersgame,andthetestoftimeisextremelydifficulttopass.Some60,000novelswerepublishedduringtheVictorianage,from1837to1901;todayacasualreadermightbeabletonameahalf-dozenofthem.It'spartlytruethatDickens'styleofwritingattractedaudiencesfromallwalksoflife.It'spartlythathiswritingsrodeawaveofsocial,politicalandscientificprogress.Butit'salsothatherewrotethecultureofliteratureandputhimselfatthecenter.Noonewilleverknowwhatmixoftalent,ambition,energyandluckmadeDickenssuchasingularwriter.Butasthe200thanniversaryofhisbirthapproaches,itispossibl—eandimportantforourownculture—tounderstandhowhemadehimselfalastingone.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesBritishnovelsinthe18thcentury?Theyweredifficulttounderstand.Theywerepopularamongtherich.Theywereseenasnearlyworthless.Theywerewrittenmostlybywomen.DickensiscomparedwiththeMonaLisainthetexttostress.hisreputationinFrancehisinterestinmodernarthissuccessinpublicationhisimportanceinliteratureWhatistheauthor'spurposeinwritingthetext?Torememberagreatwriter.TointroduceanEnglishnovel.Toencouragestudiesonculture.TopromotevaluesoftheVictorianage.BStevenSteinlikestofollowgarbagetrucks.Hisstrangehabitmakessensewhenyouconsiderthathe'sanenvironmentalscientistwhostudieshowtoreducelitter,includingthingsthatfalloffgarbagetrucksastheydrivedowntheroad.Whatisevenmoreinterestingisthatoneof?Stein'sjobsisdefendinganindustrybehindtheplasticshoppingbags.Americansusemorethan100billionthinfilmplasticbagseveryyear.Somanyendupintreebranchesoralonghighwaysthatagrowingnumberofcitiesdonotallowthematcheckouts收银台）.Thebagsareprohibitedinsome90citiesinCalifornia,includingLosAngeles.Eyeingtheseheadwinds,plastic-bagmakersarehiringscientistslike?Stein?to?makethecasethattheirproductsarenotasbadfortheplanetasmostpeopleassume.Amongthebagmakers'argument:manycitieswithbansstillallowshoppers?to?purchasepaperbags,whichareeasilyrecycledbutrequiremoreenergy?to?produceandtransport.Andwhileplasticbagsmaybeugly?to?lookat,theyrepresentasmallpercentageofall?garbage?onthegroundtoday.Theindustryhasalsotakenaimattheproductthathasappearedasitsreplacement:reusableshoppingbags.Thestrongerareusablebagis,thelongeritslifeandthemoreplastic-baguseitcancelsout.However,longer-lastingreusablebagsoftenrequiremoreenergy?to?make.Onestudyfoundthatacottonbagmustbeusedatleast131timestobebetterfortheplanetthanplastic.Environmentalistsdon'tdispute（质疑）thesepoints.Theyhopepaperbagswillbebannedsomedaytooandwantshoppers?to?usethesamereusablebagsforyears.WhathasStevenSteinbeenhiredtodo?Helpincreasegrocerysales.Recyclethewastematerial.Stopthingsfallingofftrucks.Arguefortheuseofplasticbags.Whatdoestheword“headwinds”inparagraph2referto?Bansonplasticbags.Effectsofcitydevelopment.Headachescausedbygarbage.Plasticbagshungintrees.Whatisadisadvantageofreusablebagsaccordingtoplastic-bagmakers?Theyarequiteexpensive.Replacingthemcanbedifficult.Theyarelessstrongthanplasticbags.Producingthemrequiresmoreenergy.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?Plastic,PaperorNeitherIndustry,PollutionandEnvironmentRecycleorThrowAwayGarbageCollectionandWasteControlCAsculturalsymbolsgo,theAmericancarisquiteyoung.TheModelTFordwasbuiltatthePiquettePlantinMichiganacenturyago,withthefirstrollingofftheassemblyline（装配线）onSeptember27,1908.Onlyelevencarswereproducedthenextmonth.ButeventuallyHenryFordwouldbuildfifteenmillionofthem.ModernAmericawasbornontheroad,behindawheel.ThecarshapedsomeofthemostlastingaspectsofAmericanculture:theroadsidediner,thebillboard,themotel,eventhehamburger.Formostofthelastcentury,thecarrepresentedwhatitmeanttobeAmerican—goingforwardathighspeedtofindnewworlds.Theroadnovel,theroadmovie,thesearethemosttypicalAmericanideas,bornofabundantpetrol,cheapcarsandanever-endinginterstatehighwaysystem,thelargestpublicworksprojectinhistory.In1928HerbertHooverimaginedanAmericawith“achickenineverypotandacarineverygarage.”Sincethen,thissocietyhasmovedonward,neverlookingback,asthecartransformedAmericafromafarm-basedsocietyintoanindustrialThecarsthatdrovetheAmericanDreamhavehelpedtocreateaglobalecologicaldisaster.InAmericathedemandforoilhasgrownby22percentsince1990.Theproblemsofexcessive（过度的）energyconsumption,climatechangeandpopulationgrowthhavebeendescribedinabookbytheAmericanwriterThomasL.Friedman.Hefearstheworst,buthopesforthebest.Friedmanpointsoutthatthegreeneconomy（经济）isachancetokeepAmericanstrength.“Theabilitytodesign,buildandexportgreentechnologiesforproducingcleanwater,cleanairandhealthyandabundantfoodisgoingtobethecurrencyofpowerinthenewcentury.”Whyishamburgermentionedinparagraph2?ToexplainAmericans'lovefortravellingbycar.ToshowtheinfluenceofcarsonAmericanculture.TostressthepopularityoffastfoodwithAmericans.TopraisetheeffectivenessofAmerica'sroadsystem.WhathastheuseofcarsinAmericaledto?A.Declineofeconomy.B.EnvironmentalA.Declineofeconomy.B.Environmentalproblems.C.Ashortageofoilsupply.D.Afarm-basedsociety.C.Ashortageofoilsupply.D.Afarm-basedsociety.WhatisFriedman'sattitudetowardsAmerica'sfuture?A.Ambiguous.B.Doubtful.C.Hopeful.D.A.Ambiguous.B.Doubtful.C.Hopeful.D.Tolerant.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Movingintoanewhomeinanewneighborhoodisanexcitingexperience.Ofcourse,youwanttomakesurethatyoubecomeanacceptableandvaluablepartofyourneighborhood.theeasiestwaytoaccomplishthisistomakesureyouconductyourselfasagoodneighborshould.31Perhapsoneofthemostimportantthingsyoucandoasagoodneighboristokeepyourproperty（房产）neat,clean,andingoodrepair.32___Bychoosingtokeeptheoutsideofthehomeingreatshape,youwillhelptoimprovethelookandfeelofthearea.Second,taketheoverallappearanceoftheneighborhoodseriously,.When

goingforawalk.Takeasmallgarbagebag.33Thissmallactwillletyourneighborsknowthatyoucareaboutthearea.34Ifaneighborisgoingtobeoutoftown,offertocollectmailandnewspapers.Ifaneighborsuffersanillness,offertodothegroceryshopping.Letthemknowyouaretheretohelpinanywaythisacceptable,whilestillrespectingtheprivacyofyourneighbor.35___Byfollowingthebasicrulesofrespectingothers,takingcareofwhatbelongstoyou,andtakingprideintheappearanceoftheneighborhoodingeneral,youwillquicklybecomeagoodneighborthateveryoneappreciate.Ingeneral,keepaneyeontheirpropertywhiletheyaregone.goodneighborisalsoonewholikestohelpoutinsmallways.Beingagoodneighborismoreorlessaboutconsideratebehavior.Sometimesneighborsmaygotothesupermarkettogethertodoshopping.Shouldyoucomeacrosswastepaperthrownoutofapassingcar,pickitup.Peopletendtolakeprideinkeepingeverythingintheirstreetfreshandinviting.Hereareafewtipstohelpyouwinovereveryoneintheneighborhoodquickly第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分45分）第一节完形填空（共20小题；每小题分，满分30分）

阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。Wehaveallheardhowtimeismorevaluablethanmoney,butisit36tohavetoomuch?I37backinhighschoolIspentmostofmydayatschoolsinceIalso38ateamsport.BythetimeIgothome,Ionlyhadafewhourstodomyhomework,andIhadtodoit39WhenIgotintocollege,things40.Isuddenlyfoundmyselfoutofclassbeforenoontime.Becauseofallthis41therewasnosenseof42todomyschoolworkimmediately.Iwasperformingthisactionofwaitinguntilitlaterbecame43.Oncethathappened,Ijustkept44mystudyingfurtherandfurtherbackinmyday.ThenIgottothepointwhereIwas45reallylateatnighttogetmyworkalone.OnedayI46aformerclassmateofminewhowas47alotofmoneyrunningasideline副业）.Sincehisregularjobwas48,Iaskedhimwhyhejustdidn'tdohissidelinefull-time.Hesaidwithoutthejob,hewould49havetoomuchtimeandwouldjustdowhatIdidbackin50.Hesaidthatifhe51thejob,hewouldlosehis52toworkandsucceed.So,try53yourtinewithotherwork.Thisiswhythereisa54thatifyouwantsomethingdone,aska55persontodoit.fairC.strangeD.possiblememberB.admitC.understandD.expect

memberB.admitC.understandD.expect.watchedB.loved.CoachedplayedtB.rightawayC..watchedB.loved.CoachedplayedtB.rightawayC.B.repeatedC,B.difficult.B.achievementCB.reliefCofcourseD.matteredchangedD.matteredC.valuableD.limitedurgencyD.directionriskD.habit44.A.pushingB.takingC.settingD.calling45.A.hangingoutB.stayingupC.joggingroundD.showingoff46.A.met47.A.raising46.A.met47.A.raising48.A.safe.luckily.childhood.quit52.A.heart.savingB54.A.messageB.helpedB.wastingB.importantB.hardlyB.collegeCB.foundCB.chancefillingupB.storyC.treatedC.demandingC.boringC.hopefullytownD.acceptedD.C.driveC.givingupC.sayingD.hiredD.makingD.rewardingD.simplybusinesskeptD.wayD.tradingD.fact55.A.carefulB.busy55.A.carefulB.busyC.reliableD.kind非选择题部分第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分45分)第二节(共10小题：每小题分，满分15分)阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。FewpeopleIknowseemtohavemuchdesireortimetocook.MakingChinese56(dish)isseenasespeciallytroublesome.Manywesterners57cometoChinacookmuchlessthanintheirowncountriesoncetheyrealizehowcheap58canbetoeatout.Istillremember59(visit)afriendwho'dlivedhereforfiveyearsandI60(shock)whenIlearntshehadn'tcookedonceinallthattime.Whileregularlyeatingoutseemsto61(become)commonformanyyoungpeopleinrecentyears,it'snotwithoutacost.Theobviousoneismoney;eatingoutonceortwiceaweekmaybe62(afford)butdoingthismostdaysaddsup.Therecouldbeaneven63(high)costonyourhealth.Researchershavefoundthatthereisadirectlinkbetweentheincreaseinfoodeatenoutsidethehomeandtherisein64(weigh)problems.Ifyouarenotgoingtosufferthisproblem,thenIsuggestthatthenexttimeyougotoyourmuirfshome__65__dinner,getafewcookingtipsfromher.Cookingfoodcanbefun.Youmightalsobegintonoticetheeffectsnotonlyonyourhealthbutinyourpocket.第四部分写作(共两节，满分40分)第一节应用文写作（满分15分）假定你是李华，你校英语协会招聘志愿者，接待来访的国外中学生。请你写信应聘，内容包括：口语能力：相关经验；应聘目的。注意：词数80左右；可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。第二节读后续写（满分25分）阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。Itwassummer,andmydadwantedtotreatmetoavacationlikeneverbefore.HedecidedtotakemeonatriptotheWildWest.WetookaplanetoAlbuquerque,abigcityinthestateofNewMexico.WereachedAlbuquerqueinthelateafternoon.UnclePaul,mydadsfriend