(完整版)英语语法填空技巧与方法(附15篇练习)

10高三英语语法填空专练英语语法填空技巧与方法通读全文，把握大意。既然是通过语篇在语境中考语法，那么，我们在解题前，应快速浏览短文，把握全文大意，这一步非常重要。结合语境，试填空格。读懂短文之后，要结合短文所提供的特定的语言环境，从句子结构的完整性去分析思考空格所缺单词的词性，再根据句子的结构和意义，以及句子之间的逻辑关系来确定具体要填的单词和所给词的正确形式。具体来说，可按设题类型分为三类情况：A.纯空格试题的解题技巧：首先，分析句子结构，确定填哪类词。然后，再根据句子的意思，确定具体填什么词；或根据两句间的逻辑关系确定具体用哪个连词。确定填哪类词有以下7个技巧：技巧1：缺主语或宾语，一定是填代词或名词（多考代词）。如：[例1]IcansendamessagetoKenyawheneverIwantto,and___38___getstherealmostinasecond.（2007年茂名一模）解析：and连接前后两个句子，and后面的句子缺主语，应填名词或代词；结合前一分句，不难推知，“马上可到达那里"的是themessage，替代themessage用代词it。技巧2：名词前面，若没有限定词（冠词、限定词、不定代词），很可能是填限定词。[例2]...theheadofthevillagewastyinguphishorsetomycartopullitto35smalltownsome20kilometersawaywheretherewasagarage.（2007年广东高考）解析：因单数可数名词town前还没有限定词，应填限定语；根据句意，是指将车拉到离那里大约有20公里远的一个小镇上去修理，表示“一个”，用不定冠词，故填a。技巧3：句子不缺主语、表语、动词后不缺宾语的情况下，名词或代词前面，一定是填介词。[例3].whoshouldhavethehonourofreceivingme___33___aguestintheirhouse.解析：因aguest在句中不作主语、表语、动词的宾语，前面一定是填介词，使其成为该介词的宾语；又由句意可知，他们“把我当作客人”来接待，表示“当作”，用介词as。技巧4：若两个或几个单词或短语之间没有连词，可能是填连词。[例4].allIsawwasthisbeautifulgirl,whosesmilejustmeltedme___36___almostinstantlygavemeacompletelynewsenseofwhatlifeisallabout.（2008年深圳一模）解析：因meltedme和gaveme两个动宾短语之间没有连词，一定是填连词；并列关系，故填and。技巧5：若两句（一个主谓关系算一个句子）之间没有连词，也没有分号或句号，一定是填并列连词或从属连词。[例5]Hewasverytiredafterdoingthisforawholeday,___37___hefeltveryhappy.解析：因Hewasverytired.是一个句子，hefeltveryhappy.也是一个句子，这两个句子之间没有连词，也没有分号或句号，一定是填连词；根据逻辑，转折，故填but。技巧6：若结构较完整，空格后的谓语动词是原形，特别是与上下文时态不一致或主谓不一致时，很可能是填情态动词或表示强调或倒装的助动词（do,does,did等）。[例6]Whatisacceptableinonecountry___31___beconsideredextremelyrudeinanother.解析：句中Whatisacceptableinonecountry是主语从句，空格后的beconsidered是谓语；因其中的be是原形，故空格处必定是填情态动词或助动词does（由语境可知是一般现在时，主语是第三人称单数）；由句意及作者的语气可知，需填表示“可能”的情态动词may。技巧7：由特殊的句式结构来判断空格应填的词。⑴由itis・・・that・・・强调结构形式，判断填it还是that。如：[例7]...and40wasonlyafterIheardshebecamesickthatIlearnedshecouldn'teatMSG(味精)!(2007年广州一模)解析：由句式结构可知，本句为强调句，应填it。由倒装句式判断，是填构成倒装的条件的only,so,neither,nor,never,hardly,seldom,not,until,had等，还是填do,does,did等。如：[例8]withhardworkcanyouexpecttogetpayrise.解析：由canyouexpectto.可知，这是倒装句，根据构成倒装的条件可知，应填副词only，因为“only+状语(withhardwork)”放在句首，句子要用倒装。由it作形式主语或形式宾语的句式判断，空格处是否填it。如：[例9]Datingsitesalsomake___36___easytoavoidsomeonewhomyouarenotinterestedin.解析：由句式结构可知，toavoid...是真正的宾语，easy是宾补，空格处应填作形式宾语的it。so/such・that・句型。如：[例15]Thismadethegoatsojealous___34___itbeganplottingagainst(谋划对付)thedonkey.(2007年惠州二模)解析：由句式结构可知，这是so...that...句型，应填that。more・than・(与其说・・不如说・・，比・・更・・)句型。如：[例10]Cynthia'sstoryshowsvividlythatpeopleremembermorehowmuchamanagercares___40___howmuchhepays.(2007深圳宝安期末)解析：由句式结构可知，这是more...than…句型，故填that。句意是与经理所给的报酬相比，雇员更铭记于心的是他的关心。B.给出了动词的试题的解题技巧：首先，判断要填的动词是谓语动词还是非谓语动词。然后按以下两点进行思考。技巧8：若句中没有别的谓语动词，或者虽然已有谓语动词，但需填的动词与之是并列关系时，所给动词就是谓语动词；若是谓语动词，就要考虑时态语态。[例11]InLogan,threepeople___38___(take)toahospital,whileothersweretreatedatalocalclinic.(2007梅州二模)解析：因主语threepeople与take是被动关系，即三个人被送进医院，故用被动语态；由weretreated可知，要用一般过去时，故填weretaken。技巧9：若句中已有谓语动词，又不是并列谓语时，所给动词就是非谓语动词。若是非谓语动词就要确定用一ing形式、—ed形式，还是用不定式形式，确定的方法主要有：作主语或宾语，通常用一ing形式表示习惯，用不定式表示具体的情况。如：[例12](speak)outyourinnerfeelingwon'tmakeyoufeelashamed,onthecontrary.解析：句中已有谓语won'tmake，所以speak应为非谓语动词；谓语前面应为主语，作主语，表示一般情况，要用动名词短语，故填Speaking。作目的状语或者在形容词后的作状语，一般用不定式。如：[例13](complete)theprojectasplanned,we'llhavetoworktwomorehoursaday.解析：因句中已有谓语willhavetowork，所以complete应为非谓语动词；因“(为了)按计划完成这项工程”是“我们每天不得不额外多工作两小时”的目的，作目的状语，用动词不定式，故填Tocomplete。作伴随状语，常用分词，与逻辑主语是主动关系，用现在分词，是被动关系，用过去分词。如：[例14]Theheadmasterwentintothelab,(follow)bytheforeignguests.解析：句中已有谓语went，而follow又不是与之并列的，故为非谓语动词；又因theheadmaster与follow是被动关系，故用过去分词followed作伴随状语。(4)不论非谓语动词在句中作何种成分，若判断需要用分词，与逻辑主语是主动关系用_ing形式，是被动关系用一ed形式。如：[例15]Lessons___39___(learn)insportscanhelpusinourdealingwithotherpeople.解析：因句中已有谓语canhelp，所以learn应为非谓语动词；又因lesson与learn是被动关系，要用过去分词短语作定语，故填learned。(3)词类转换题的解题技巧根据该词在句子所作句子成分确定用哪种形式。具体方法有：技巧10：作表语、定语或补语，通常用形容词形式。如：[例16]Theyoungsterimmediatelyfell(silence)astearsflewdownfromhisbigblueeyes.解析：因在系动词felt后作表语，用形容词，故填silent。技巧11：作主语、在及物动词或介词后作宾语，用名词形式。如：[例17]Thesepeoplehavemadegreat___39___(contribute)toChinawiththeirwork.解析：在句中作及物动词havemade的宾语，要用名词形式；表示“作贡献”，其前面没有不定冠词时，习惯上用复数，故填contributions。技巧12：在形容词性物主代词后，或者在“冠词(+形容词)”后，用名词形式。如：[例18]...theremainsdatefromthisperiodbecauseoftheir38(similar)tothosefoundelsewhere.(2008年广州二模)解析：在形容词性物代词(their)后应当用名词，故填similaritieso技巧13：修饰动词、形容词、副词，或整个句子，作状语，用副词形式。如：[例19]Theremustbesomething___40___(serious)wrongwithoursociety.(2008潮州期末)解析：要求填的词修饰形容词wrong，作状语，用副词，故填seriouslyo技巧14：括号中所给词有可能是要求词义转换，词类不一定要变，主要是考查具有与词根意义相反的派生词，需根据句子意思及前后逻辑关系，在词根前加un_,im_等，在词根后加一less等。如：[例20]Yourmistakecausedalotof(necessary)workintheoffice.解析：在名词前作定语，仍用形容词形式；但根据句意可知，错误是引起不必要的麻烦事，故填unnecessaryo技巧15：括号中所给动词也不一定是考动词的时态语态或非谓语动词，而是考词类转换；若是形容词或副词，有可能是考査其比较等级。如：[例21]Theotherfrogwentonjumpingashardashecould...Hejumpedeven36(hard)andfinallymadehimselfout.(2008年期末)解析：联系前句，又有even(更加)的提示，可知这里用比较级，故填harder。重读全文，解决难题。在解题过程中要先易后难，难题在大部分空格填好后，再经过仔细推敲，难题也就不会再难了。所有空格填好后，把整篇文章从头至尾复读一遍。1Manypeopleliketoreadthe1(late)newspapers.But2isitproducedsoquickly?Themostimportantmanmaybethechiefeditor.Hedecides3todo.Everymorningthe4(journal)aresenttocovertheevents.Sometimestheyneedaface-to-faceinterviewwithpeople5dotelephoneinterviews.Meanwhile,thepictureeditorsends6(photograph)totakethepicturestheyneed.Laterintheday,theypassthestoriesandthe7(develop)photostotheeditor.Thenthechiefeditorwillchoosethemostimportantnewsforthefrontpage.8editorsreadthestories,makesomenecessarychangesandwriteheadlinesforthem.9thenewspaperisprintedand10(deliver)todifferentplaces.2Faroutintheseatherewasanisland,ontherockyedgeof1livedthreeSirens,thethreesistersofmagicsong.Halfhumanandhalfbird,theSirensisterssatinafieldofflowers,singing.Theirsongsweresosweetthatships2(attract)totheislandandstrucktopiecesontherocks.NosailororshiphadpassedthisIsland.3(follow)Circe'sadvice,Odysseusmadecareful4(prepare)againsttheSirens.Beforetheirshipscameto5theycouldhearthesong,Odysseushadhimself6(tie)tothemast(桅杆),stoppedtheearsofhismenwithwaxandorderedthemtoignorehisordersandgestureswhenthey7(pass)thefatalisland.Soontheycameinsightoftherockyisland,andtheattractivesongreachedtheearsofOdysseus.Itmovedhimsomuchthathestruggledtofree8andshoutedforhismentoturn9theland.Butnoonepaidanyattentiontohim.Thesailorskeptstraightonuntiltheywerecompletelyoutofhearing.Thenhisfriendsfreedhimandtook10waxoutoftheirears.TheeldestofthesisterslovedOdysseussomuchthatshethrewherselfintotheseaafterhisshipshadpassed.3Finishingtheirshoppingatthesupermarket,amiddle-agedcouplefoundtheirnewcar1(steal).Theyfiledareport2thepolicestationandadetectivedrovethem3totheparkinglot(停车场)tolookforevidence.Totheir4(amaze),thecarhadbeenreturnedandtherewasanoteinit,5said:“Iapologizefortakingyourcar.MywifewashavingababyandIhadtosendhertothehospitalassoonaspossible.Pleaseforgetthe6(convenient).Therearetwotickets7tonight'sRowanAtkinsonconcert.”Theirfaithinhumanityrestored(恢复).Thecoupleattended8concert.But9theyreturnedhome,theyimmediatelyfoundthattheirhousehadbeenransacked(洗劫).Onthebathroommirrorwas10note:“Ihavetoputmykidthroughcollegesomehow,don'tI?”AguestcomesuptoMrs.Dale,theDutyManager,tellingher1(anger)abouttheHallPorter'sDepartment.Sincethereare2guestspresent,theDutyManagerinvitestheguesttocometoheroffice3(talk)thingsover.TheguestsaysthattheHallPorteryesterday4(promise)togettheatreticketsashowinthecity.Hesaysthattoday,6hewenttocollecttheticketstherewas7porteronduty.Theportercouldnotfindanyticketsfortheguest,andcouldnotfindanyrecordoftherequestfortickets.Itseemsthattheporterondutytodaydidnotbelieve8theguesthadmadeanyrequestfortickets.Theguestsaysthattheticketswerepromised,9hehasplannedtogotothetheatrethatnight,andthatitisthe10(hotel)jobtoprovidethetickets.5Youngpeopleshouldtravelnotonlytofindoutaboutthepresent1tofindoutaboutthefuture.Agrandtourtodayshouldbetheoppositeof2itwasinthepast.Itshouldnotincludemuseums,castlesandruins.Itshouldgo3humanlifeis,toplacesthatthrowyouimagesofthefuture.Itshouldnotbeanescapeof4(real)butachallengewith5.Youngpeopleoftodayshouldgotothewildest,farthest,poorplacetheycanthinkof.TheyshouldgotothewildplacesofAsia,Africa,andSouthAmerica.Youngpeopleshouldgoto6manysuchplacesastheycan,7theseplacesareclosingupandintimethey'llbecomeimpossible.Theotherareayoungpeopleshouldtravel8isthesamesortofareawithintheirowncountry,placesthatareakindof9(know)land,10astheCongoBasin.6Inancienttimes,themostimportantexaminationwasspoken,notwritten.IntheschoolsofancientGreeceandRome,testingusuallyconsisted1sayingpoetryaloudorgivingspeeches.Generally,however,modernexaminationsarewritten.Thewrittenexamination,whereallstudentsaretestedonthesamequestions,wasprobablynotknown2thenineteenthcentury.Perhapsitcameinto3(exist)withthegreatincreaseinpopulationandthedevelopmentofmodernindustry.Twotypesoftestsare4(common)usedinmodernschools.Thefirsttypeissometimescalledan“objective”test.It5(intend)todealwithfacts,notpersonalopinions.Onobjectivetests,thestudenthasjustonetask:hemustrecognizethecorrectanswerandthenhemustcopyitsletterornumberontohisexaminationpaper.Sometimesthereis6answersheetonwhichthefourlettersornumbersareprinted.Thenthestudentonlyhastocircletheone7gowiththecorrectanswer.Fortestingsomekindsoflearning,however,suchatestisnotverysatisfactory.Alivelystudent8guessthecorrectanswerwithoutreallyknowingthematerial.Foraclearerpictureof9thestudentknows,mostteachersuseanotherkindofexaminationinadditiontoobjectivetests.Theyuse“essay”tests,andthetestsrequirestudentstowritelonganswerstobroad,generalquestions.Whensomeessayquestionsareusedalongwithsomeobjectivequestions,10,afairlyclearpictureofthestudents'knowledgeandabilitycanusuallybeobtained.7Historyisonelongstory,or1(real),alotofstoriesofcompetingnarratives(叙述),aboutthepeoplewhoshapedtheworldwelivein.Familyhistorycangivepeopleasenseofhistorythatismuch2personalthanhearingaboutfar-offeventsabout3(stranger).Tellingyourfamilyhistoryisagreatwayfortheyoungermembersofyourfamily4(learn)somehistoryandreallyunderstandandconnectwithit.Forexample,it'smuchmoremeaningfultodiscover5theGreatDepressionmeantthatyourgrandparentsdidn'ttastebutteruntil6wereintheirteensthantohearanabstractfactthattheGreatDepressionmeantrationing(定量配给).Youfeelmuchmore7(connect)toastoryaboutyouruncle'sexperienceoflivinginFrancethanabookaboutit.(tell)storiesofpeoplethatyoukneworancestors9storiesyouknowisapowerfulwaytohelpyoungpeoplefeelaconnectiontothosewhocamebeforethem,familyandotherwise,linkingthestoriesofthepast10theirownexperienceofthepresentandimaginingsofthefuture.8Wemaylookattheworldaroundus,butsomehowwemanagenottoseeit1whateverwe'vebecomeusedtosuddenly2(disappear).Take,forexample,theneatly-dressedwomanIusedtosee.Forthreeyears,nomatter3theweatherwaslike,shewasalwayswaitingatthebusstoparound8:00a.m.On4(snow)days,sheworeheavyclothesandapairof5(wool)gloves.OfcourseIrememberall6onlyaftershewasseennomore.Itwas7thatIrealizedhowmuch1expectedtoseehereachmorning.“Didshehaveanaccident?Something8?”Ithoughttomyselfaboutherdisappearance.Nowthatshewasgone,IfeltthatI9(know)her.Ibegantorealizethatpartofourdailylifeprobablyincludessuchchancemeetings10familiarstrangers:themilkmanyouseeatdawn,andthetwinbrothersyouseeatthelibrary.Suchpeopleareimportantmarkersinourlives.Theyaddweighttooursenseofplaceandbelonging.9InFrance,mostofthepeoplewanttohaveaverylongtimeforlunch.InBritainitdoesn'tseemtobeimportant1peopletakeacupofteaandaveryquicksandwichandit'sOK.Anothervery2(surprise)thingfortheforeigneristhewaythepeopleobeythelaw—youseemtohavemuchmorediscipline3inFrance,andyourespectthepolice4morethanwedo.Forinstance,peopleparktheircar5,andtheyknowitisforbidden6theydoit—inBritainpeopledon'tdothat.InEngland,it's7(easy)tofeelalone.Peopledon'tbotheryou,don'tlookafteryouorworry8yousomuch,soit'seasytogetlostortohideawayhere.Whenyou'reintheUnitedStatespeoplewanttoknow9youare,theytendtospeaktoyou,tofindoutwhoyouare,10you'redoing.10Alicealwayswantedtobeasinger.Musicwasthe1importantthinginherlifebut,totellyouthe2(true),shetooklessonforyears,practisedeveryday,3inspiteofallthis,hervoicedidn'timprove.Honestly,itdidn'tgetbetter,itjustgot4(loud).Herteacherfinallygave5andstoppedthelessons,butAlicerefusedtoquit,andonedayshedecidedtogiveaconcertandinvitedherformerteachertoattend.Theteacherwasveryworriedabout6tosayaftertheperformance.Sheknewit7beterribleanditwas.Shedidn'twanttotellalie,butshedidn'twanttohurtAlice'sfeelings8.Finally,shegotanideaandwentbackstagetogreetherformerpupil.“Well”,saidAlice,“whatdidyouthinkof9performance?”“Mydear,”saidtheteacher,“you'll40bebetterthanyouweretonight.”11InSeptember,1941,theNazi1(Germany)armywasnearStPetersburg.Thiswasatime2thetwocountrieswereatwar.However,beforetheNaziscouldgettothesummerpalace,theRussianswereonlyabletoremovethefurnitureandsmallartobjectsfromtheAmberRoom.ButsomeoftheNazissecretlystoletheAmberRoomitself.Inlessthantwodays,100,000piecesoftheroomwereputinsidetwenty-sevenwoodenboxes.Thereisnodoubt3theboxeswerethenputonatrain4Konigsberg,atthattimeaGermancityontheBalticSea.Afterthat,whatreallyhappenedtotheAmberRoom5(remain)amystery.Whilethesearchfortheoldroomcontinues,the6(Russia)andGermanshavebuilt7newAmberRoomatthesummerpalace.8(follow)oldphotos,thenewroomhasbeenmadetolookmuchliketheoldone.In9springof2003,itwasreadyforthepeopleofStPetersburg10(celebrate)the00thbirthdayoftheircity.12RudolphValentinowasafamousfilmstarinthe1920s.Heoncewantedtobuyaparticularsilverringthathadasemi-preciousstonein1.Thejewelerwarnedhimagainstthering,2(tell)himthatithadacurseonit.3ownedtheringwouldhavebadluck.Valentinodidnotbelievehim4heboughtthering.Heworeitduringthemakingofhis5film,TheYoungRajah.Thefilmwasacompletefailure.Valentinoputthering6andwentontomakemany7(success)films.By1926,hehadforgottenallaboutthecurseonthering.Heworeit8.Soonafterwards,hefellillanddied.9ofValentino'sfriendsinheritedthering.She,too,becameill,10quicklygavetheringawaytoayoungartist.Sherecoveredfromherillnessalmostimmediately,13Withthe1(develop)ofindustry,airpollutionisgettingmoreandmoreserious.InBeijing,manypeople2(suffering)fromdifferentkindsof3(ill)becauseofairpollution.Airpollutioniscaused4thefollowingreasons:abouthalfoftheproblemiscausedbyvehicles(车辆).Therearemoreandmorecars,busesontheroads,andtheygiveoff5(poison)gases.25%ofairpollutioniscausedbyfactories.Another6(fact)isthesmokers.Smokingnotonlydoesharmtotheirhealthbutalsotoothers'.7these,about10%ofairpollutioniscausedbyotherreasons.Weshouldtakesomemeasurestofight8pollution.Newfuelcanbeusedtotaketheplaceofgas.Wecanplantmoretrees.Ifeverybodyrealizestheimportanceof(environment)protectionanddoessomethingtostoppollution,theproblemwill(solve).14ManyChinesebelieve1(eat)pigbrainswillincreasetheirintelligenceandsomeAmericansregularlyeat2(cook)eggstokeeptheirmindssharp.3,doctorsdon'trecommendeating4raweggsoranimalbrains.Then,whatfoodisgoodforyourbrain?Scientistshavefoundarelationship5dietandahealthybrain.Generallyspeaking,fishisabrainfood.6fish,youshouldintroducelotsofdarkgreenleafyvegetablesandcolorfulfruitsintoyourdiet,becausemostpeoplelackthespecialvitamins7thesebrainfoodprovide.Ifyoueatbrainfoods8(regular),theycanincreasebrainpower—helpyoupayattention,keepyou9(motivate),improveyourmemoryand10(less)stressfromstudies.Thenyoucandomuchbetterinyourtest.15AmanlookingathissmartphonewhilewalkingacrossarailwaycrossinginNanjing1(have)acloseknockonOct.22.Hewasso2(absorb)inhissmartphonethathedidn'tseeatrainapproachinguntilitbrushedpasthim，3(throw)himtotheground.Thisshouldserve4awarningthatpeopleshouldbeawareoftheirsurroundings，especially5crossingroads.(lucky),themansurvivedabrushwithdeath，buttheincidentforcedthedriver(stop)thetrain.An18－minutedelayfollowedtheincident，8ledtoabreakintherunningofothertrainsontheroute.Smartphone9(addicted)hasspreadlikeaninfectiousdisease.It'sevidentthatitwilldogreatharmtosociety.What'seven10(bad),someaddictsbecomeimpatientwithrelativesandfriends.Somepeopleblamethesmartphoneforthetragedy，yetinfactpeople'sweakeningself－controlandself－disciplinearetoblame.

高三英语语法填空专练答案11.latest2.how3.what4.journalists5.or6.photographers7.developed8.Other9.Finally10.delivered21.which2.wereattracted3.Following4.preparations5.where6.tied7.werepassing8.himself9.towards/to10.the31.stolen/hadbeenstolen2.at3.back4.amazement5.which6.inconvenience7.for8.the9.when10.another1.angrily2.other1