Unit 7 Business Etiquette公开课一等奖省优质课大赛获奖课件

NewAppliedCollegeEnglishBook3Unit7BusinessEtiquetteObjectivesAfterstudyingthisunit,youwillbeableto:getsomehintstoavoidpooretiquetteinbusiness;knowthenewrulesofofficeetiquette;writeanappreciationletter;applydivisionandcombinationtotranslation;haveaninsightintobusinessculturaldifferencesbetweenAmericaandChina.NewAppliedCollegeEnglishBook3ContentsWriting&

Translation1234In-depthReadingVocationalListeningandSpeaking5WorkplaceExploring&GlimpseWarm-up6FurtherReadingNewAppliedCollegeEnglishBook3Task1Discusswithyourpartnersandanswerthefollowingquestionsaccordingtothegivensituations.Task1Task2Next>1Youareajuniorexecutiveatasocialfunction,andyoumeettheCEOofanimportantcompany.Afterabriefconversation,yougivehimyourbusinesscard.Isthisappropriate?Inmostsituations,thatisinappropriate.Toshowyourcourtesy,youshouldwaitfortheCEOtoaskforyourcard.Butifyouareinahurryandyouhavetoleavebeforeheasksforyourcard,toshowyoursincerityandwillingnesstoestablishaconnectionwithhim,youmayofferyourbusinesscardfirst.Usually,inthissituation,youwillnotberefused.Butthatdoesn’tnecessarilymeanyou’vealreadysetuparelationshipwithhim.Task1Task22Youareenteringataxiwithanimportantclient.Whereshouldyousitinthetaxi?Youshouldfirstlyopenthedooroftheseatrightbehindthecopilot’sfortheclientandwalkbacktositdirectlybehindthedriversothatyourclientdoesnothavetosideacrosstheseat,andwhengettingoutofthetaxiheiscurbside.3Youareatabusinessdinner,andchampagneisbeingservedforatoast.Youcannotdrinkchampagne.Whatwouldyoudo?Youdon’thavetoalertanyonethatyoucannotdrinkchampagne.Allowthechampagnetobepouredforthetoastandjustdon’tdrinkit.Butifyouinformedtheserverofthisbeforehand,youcouldaskhimtoserveyouwaterinstead.It’snotappropriatetoattractpeople’sattentionbytellingthemrightbeforethetoastbecauseitmightembarrassthehost.<BackTask2Listtheemailetiquetteanddiningetiquettethatyouthinkareimportantinbusinessandgiveyourreasons.Task1Task2E-mailetiquetteisofgreatimportancebecausee-mailisoneofthemostfrequentlyusedtoolsinbusiness.Itoffersthemailrecipientinformationaboutnotonlythesenderitself,butalsothecompanythesenderrepresents.Aclearlyandproperlywrittene-mailwilldefinitelycontributealottoadealorapromisingrelationship.Also,theformatofane-mailisimportant.Forexample,wecannotaddresseveryone“Dear”regardlessoftherecipient’sidentity.Thetimetomailisdelicate.Fordifferentkindsofe-mail,wehavedifferentrequirementsforthemailingtime.Forinstance,athankse-mailshouldbesentsoonafterothers’good-hearteddeeds.Next>Task2Listtheemailetiquetteanddiningetiquettethatyouthinkareimportantinbusinessandgiveyourreasons.Task1Task2Diningetiquette.Nowadays,manydealsorrelationshipsareestablishedaroundthetable.Likee-mailetiquette,diningetiquetteispossiblyanotherdeterminingfactorofthesuccessorfailureofadeal.Forexample,inwesterncountries,peopleseldomusetoothpicksafterameal,whichmeanswe’dbetternotuseitwhenhavingdinnerwiththem.Also,nomatterwhoyouarehavingdinnerwith,it’smannerlesstotalkwiththemwithafullmouth.<BackTopicPreview:Knowingandfollowingproperbusinessetiquettecangetyouonestepclosertoyourdreamjoboryourdreamclient.Intheworkplace,thereareasetofrulesthatshouldbefollowedbyemployees,buttheyareusuallyunwritten.Ifyouareabletofollowtherulesofappropriateconductintheworkplace,youwillstandoutfromyourcolleagues.Ifnot,sometimes,yourinappropriatebehaviormayimpedeyourbusiness.NotFailtoObserveGoodEtiquetteinBusinessNext>1SinceConfuciuswrotethefirstrulesofdecorum,etiquettehasbeenquestioned,changedandarguedastoitsimportance.Somearguetheneedforit,otherswanttoknowwheretolearnitandthentherearepeoplewhoaskwhysomethingisappropriateinonecountrybutdeemedtotallyunacceptablebehaviorinanotherpartoftheworld.Finally,therearethelittletruismsthatallgentlemenweretaughtbytheirmothers,suchasladiesfirst.Intoday’sbusinessarena,the“ladiesfirst”rulecouldactuallyprovokeafewwomentoincivility.Translation<BackNext>Translation<BackNext>2

Knowingetiquetteisbecomingmoreimportantbecausetheseruleshelpguideusthroughavarietyofsituationsinourever-shrinkingandchangingworld.Allofuscanattesttosituationsinwhich,ifwehadknownwhattodo,itcouldhavesavedusembarrassmentorevenajob.3

AfavoritestoryisadinnerinCharleston,wherethesaleswomaninvitedherverysophisticatedclientandhiswifetodinnertocelebratethesigningofalargeconstructioncontract.TheowneroftheKansasCityconstructioncompanyinsistedongoingtothedinnerwiththesaleswoman.4Thesaleswomanwatchedhercommissiondissipatewhileherbosspickedhisteethwithfishbonesandimpressedthepartybyusingacommonlyusedexpletiveasfivedifferentpartsofspeech.Insteadofusinghisdinnernapkintowipehismouth,thebosswipedoutthedealwhenheusedittoblowhisnose.Translation5

Thefollowingdaythecontractwasrescinded.<BackNext>6

Thebosswassointimidatedbytherefinedpeoplethathecompensatedforhislackofsophisticationwithalaissez-faireattitude.Inconsequence,heruinedalucrativedeal,tarnishedtheimageofhiscompanyandthrewawaythesaleswoman’shard-earnedcommission.Translation7

Hadhepossessedsomeetiquetteskills,allofthiscouldhavebeenavoidedandeveryonecouldhaveenjoyedadelightfulevening,strengtheningabusinessrelationship.<BackNext>8PossessinggoodetiquetteisalsoknowingwhentoputontheRitzandwhentodotheMotel6.Therearesituationswhereformalitieswouldbetotallyoutofplaceandviewedasostentatiousbecausetheoccasioncallsformorecasualbehavior.Goodexamplesofthisarewearingafurcoattodoyourgroceryshoppingandhavingyourwifewearherjewelstoacompanypicnic.Translation<BackNext>9Snobbismisalsobadetiquette.Agroupofpeopletookanewassociatetolunch.Thenewcomerfeltcompelledtodosomeone-upmanshipthatbackfired.Whenitwashisturntoorder,heaskedtheserverifthesoleonthemenuwastheDoverSole.Eventhoughtheserverwasextremelybusyastherestaurantwaspackedwithdiners,heinsistedthattheserverfindoutbecauseheonlyeatsDoverSole.Translation10ThefishwasoftheDoverpersuasion,soheorderedit.Aftertastinghisentrée,hecommentedthatitwasthebestDoverSolehehadevereaten.<BackNext>11Nosoonerhadhemadehisclaimthanthewomansittingacrossfromhimtoldtheserverthatshehadorderedchickenandnotthefishdishthatwassittinginfrontofher.Asitturnedout,Mr.SophisticatedPalettewaseatingchicken.Translation12Anothermajorfauxpasistopretendthatyouaresomeoneyouarenotortoleadpeopletobelievecertainthings.Awomanwoulddescribeherfather’sprofessiontopotentialsuitorsasifhewereanexecutiveatFarmlandIndustrieswhen,inactuality,hewasapigfarmerinSouthernMissouri.Anotherwomanwouldtellsocialacquaintancesthatherfather,amilkman,wasinthecreamerybusiness.<BackNext>13Thentherearethosesituationswhereaperson’slackofsophisticationisbroughttohisorherattentioninahumiliatingway,alsoanetiquettetaboo.Translation14SeveralpeoplewenttolunchattheelegantGardenRoomattheBroadmoorHotelinColoradoSprings.Uponarrival,theyrealizedthatthehotelonlyacceptedcashortheBroadmoorcreditcard.NoneofthemhadaBroadmoorcreditcard,soafteraquicktabulation,theywerecomfortablewiththefactthattheyhadmorethanenoughcashamongthemtopayforthelunch.<BackNext>Translation15

Whentheserveraskedforthedrinkorder,oneoftheparty,whocomesfromaveryhumblebackground,askedhowmuchaglassofhousewinecost.Theservergingerlyansweredthequestionandwalkedawayfromthetable.Therestoftheparty’sembarrassmentwasheightenedwhenthemaitred’ofthehotelapproachedthemandaskediftheyhadenoughmoneytopayforlunch.<Back1自孔子首次提出礼仪制度，礼仪重要性就一直受到人们质疑，几经改变，饱受争论。有些人认为礼仪是很必要，有人想知道怎样习礼仪知识，还有些人困惑为什么有礼仪在一个国家是适合，而在世界上另一个国度却被认为是完全无法接收。最终，出现了一些约定俗成礼仪，譬如“女士优先”之类，绅士们都被母亲这样教诲过。然而，在现如今商务领域，“女士优先”可能会让一些女性以为很不礼貌。参考译文：聚焦商务礼仪2了解礼仪变得越发主要了，因为在这个不停缩小而又多变世界，这些规则能够指导我们处理各种情况。事实证实，假如我们知道怎么做，在一些情况下就能防止尴尬甚至丢掉工作。3

一个大家很喜欢传诵故事是一个女销售员邀请了一位久经世故客户及其夫人在查尔斯顿酒店共进晚餐，庆贺他们成功签署一个建筑协议大单。而这个堪萨斯城建筑企业老板坚持要求和这个女销售员一起共赴晚餐。4席间，当老板在客人面前用鱼刺剔牙，并在讲话中说了五次脏话时，销售员就眼睁睁地看着即将到手佣金灰飞烟灭了。当老板用餐巾擤鼻涕而不是擦嘴时，他同时也抹去了一笔交易。5第二天协议就被撤消了。6

这些尊贵客户做法吓得老板没了主意，他想不到什么法子填补自己前晚失礼表现，只能听天由命。结果，他毁掉了一笔高回报交易，破坏了企业形象，同时还让销售员辛劳挣得佣金打了水漂。7假如他懂得一些礼仪技巧话，全部一切都可以防止，大家都能享有一个美妙夜晚，同时商务关系也将得到巩固。8具备良好礼仪也意味着能知晓什么时候应该讲排场，什么时候应该保持低调。在有些场所，过分追求礼节是不合时宜、华而不实，因为有场所更多是需要随意自如举止。穿着裘皮大衣去买杂货，或者让你妻子戴上各式珠宝参加企业野餐就是经典例子。9势利也是一个不好礼仪。比如一群员工带着新同事吃午饭，这位新同事想表达出自己高人一等，而结果却事与愿违。当轮到他点菜时，他问服务员菜单上比目鱼是不是多佛比目鱼。即便是服务员为了招呼满屋子用户忙得焦头烂额，那个新人还是坚持要让服务员知道他点是多佛比目鱼，因为他只吃这一个比目鱼。10

这种鱼是吃比目鱼必点推荐品，所以他一定关键点。尝过主菜后，他说这是他吃过最好多佛比目鱼。11

他刚评论完，坐在对面女士就告诉服务人员说她点是鸡肉而不是桌上鱼肉。所以，这位老于世故帕莱特先生吃是鸡肉。12另外一个需要注意失礼行为就是装作很厉害或者是引导他人去相信一些事情。一位女士可能会对她追求者说，她父亲是一家农产品企业责任人。而实际上，他不过是南密苏里一个养猪户。另外一位女士会跟她社交朋友说自己父亲从事奶制品行业，而其实，她父亲可能只是一个挤奶工。14几个人一起去科罗拉多斯普林斯布罗德莫酒店高雅花园包房吃午餐。到了酒店，他们才知道那个酒店只收取现金或者刷布罗德莫信用卡，不过他们又都没有这种信用卡。一番拼凑后他们有了足够支付午餐费用现金，这么他们才放心了。13

一个人不谙世故最终以一个让人以为惭愧形式展现出来，而这种情形也是一个商务禁忌。15

当服务员过来问询酒水时候，一个生活条件差一些组员问服务员酒店特选葡萄酒价格是多少，服务员小心地回答完问题后快速地离开了。而后当酒店总管走过来问他们是否能够付得起午餐费用时，其它组员变得愈加尴尬。Part1(1)Introduction.Part2(2~7)Theadvantageofknowingetiquette.Part3(8~15)Thewriterconvincesreaderswithmoreexamples.TextOrganization1.SinceConfuciuswrotethefirstrulesofdecorum,etiquettehasbeenquestioned,changedandarguedastoitsimportance.

1)该句表示了人们对礼仪主要性质疑态度。2)asto:关于，至于，就……而论e.g.Shewascuriousastowhohewas,sosheintroducedherselffirst.【拓展】asfor:关于，至于，就……而论intermsof:在……方面，就……而言2.provoke:vt.（使）产生，引发

e.g.Thisarticlewasintendedtoprovokediscussion.【拓展】provocation:n.挑衅，刺激，激怒3.shrink:vi.(shrank,shrunk)退缩，畏缩；（使某物）收缩，萎缩e.g.①Heshrunkbackagainstthewallasheheardthemapproaching.②Mysweatershrankinthewash.4.Allofuscanattesttosituationsinwhich,ifwehadknownwhattodo,itcouldhavesavedusembarrassmentorevenajob.1)该句为过渡句，承上启下，为下文举例论证作铺垫。2)该句主干为：allofuscanattesttosituations。名词situations作为先行词，后面是介词in和关系代词which引导限制性定语从句。在定语从句中又包含一个if引导虚拟条件句，对过去情况进行假设。在if引导虚拟条件句中，表示对过去情况假设，从句用过去完成时态，主句用would/could/should/might+havedone。e.g.IfIhadknownthefact,Iwouldn’thaveblamedhersomuch.3)embarrassment:n.害羞，窘迫；困境，使人为难处境e.g.①Muchtoherembarrassment,sherealizedthateverybodyhadbeenlisteningtoher.②Hisresignationwillbeasevereembarrassmenttothecompany.5.sophisticated:a.（显得）世故，老练；复杂，精良

e.g.①Muchtoherembarrassment,sherealizedthateverybodyhadbeenlisteningtoher.②Hisresignationwillbeasevereembarrassmenttothecompany.6.wipeout:彻底毁灭，全部摧毁：抹去（旧事）e.g.①Thewholevillageswerewipedoutbytheearthquake.②Youcanneverwipeoutthepast.7.Thebosswassointimidatedbytherefinedpeoplethathecompensatedforhislackofsophisticationwithalaissez-faireattitude.1)该句中so…that…引导结果状语从句，其中so为副词，惯用来修饰形容词或副词，也可用来修饰动词。e.g.①Thebagissoheavythatshecannotmoveit.②Herunssofastthatnobodycouldcatchupwithhim.③Wehavesomanyarrangedmattersthatoneofusisalwaysonduty.2)intimate:vt.威胁，恐吓e.g.Theywereaccusedofintimidatingpeopleintovotingforthem.【拓展】intimidated:a.害怕，怯场intimidating:a.吓人，令人害怕3)compensate:vi.赔偿，赔偿；vt.给（某人）赔偿（或赔款）e.g.①Nothingcancompensateforthelossofalovedone.②Herlawyerssaysheshouldbecompensatedbothforherinjuriesandforthesufferingshehadbeencaused.【拓展】compensation:n.赔偿（或赔偿）物，赔偿（金）8.Hadhepossessedsomeetiquetteskills,allofthiscouldhavebeenavoidedandeveryonecouldhaveenjoyedadelightfulevening,strengtheningabusinessrelationship.1)该句可还原成：Ifhehaspossessedsomeetiquetteskills,allofthiscouldhavebeenavoidedandeveryonecouldhaveenjoyedadelightfulevening,strengtheningabusinessrelationship.此句是对过去情况虚拟，从句用过去完成时态，主句用would/could/should/might+havedone。在if引导虚拟条件句中，可将助动词提到句首，省略if，形成省略条件句。e.g.IfIhadknownthefact,Iwouldn’thaveblamedhersomuch.或：HadIknownthefact,Iwouldn’thaveblamedhersomuch.2)句中strengtheningabusinessrelationship为现在分词短语作伴随状语。e.g.Thepetdogenteredtheroom,followinghismaster.9.Nosoonerhadhemadehisclaimthanthewomansittingacrossfromhimtoldtheserverthatshehadorderedchickenandnotthefishdishthatwassittinginfrontofher该句中nosooner…than意为“一……就……”，在此句中引导时间状语从句。nosooner…than引导时间状语从句时，主句用过去完成时态，从句用普经过去时态。nosooner…than常放在句首表强调，这时主句用部分倒装。e.g.Ihadnosoonerreachedhomethanitbegantorain.若表强调，此句可改为：NosoonerhadIreachedhomethanitbegantorain.Task1

Thefollowingareeightstatementsrelatedtothetext.Eachstatementcontainsinformationgiveninoneoftheparagraphs.Identifytheparagraphfromwhichtheinformationisderived.Next>(3)1Thebossoftheconstructioncompanyinsistedthathegotothedinnerwiththesaleswoman.(8)2Wearingafurcoattodogroceryshoppingisviewedasshowing.(15)3ThestewardoftheBroadmoorHotelmisunderstoodthattheycouldnotaffordthelunch.(12)4It’sinappropriatetopretendthatyouaresomeoneyouarenot.(9)5Thenewcomerinsistedonorderingaspecifickindoffishandclaimedthatheonlyeatsthat.(14)6TheBroadmoorHotelonlyacceptedcashoritsspecifiedcreditcard.(6)7Thebossruinednotonlythedealbutalsotheimageofhiscompany.(11)8Whatthenewcomeractuallyatewaschickeninsteadofthesolehehadordered.Task2

Completethefollowingsummaryaccordingtothetext.Writenomorethanfourwordsoneachline.<BackNext>SUMMARYThecontroversyandchangeoftherulesofdecorum.Sincetheemergenceofthefirstrulesofdecorum,theimportanceofetiquettehasbeenquestioned,changedandargued.Intoday’sworld,eventheuniversallyknown“ladiesfirst”rulemayinsultwomen.Knowingetiquettecouldsaveusembarrassmentorevenajob.Story:Thesaleswomaninvitedherclientandhiswifetodinnertocelebratethesigningofalargeconstructioncontractwhiletheowneroftheconstructioncompanyinsistedongoingwiththem.Thedealwaswipedoutwhenthebossusedthenapkintoblowhisnose,completewithsomeotherinappropriatebehavior.Becauseoftheinappropriatebehavior,thebossruined

alucrativedeal,tarnishedtheimageofhiscompanyandthrewawaythesaleswoman’shard-earnedcommission. Task2

Completethefollowingsummaryaccordingtothetext.Writenomorethanfourwordsoneachline.<BackNext>SUMMARYPossessinggoodetiquetteisalsoknowingwhentoputontheRitzandwhentodotheMotel6.Neverpretendtobesomeoneyouarenotorleadpeopletobelievecertainthings. Task1

MatchthefollowingwordsorphrasesinColumnAwiththeirmeaningsinColumnB.Next>ColumnA1attest2formality3intimidate4sophisticated5shrink6callfor7outofplace8wipeoutColumnBAfrightensomebodyinordertomakethemdosomethingBshowingmuchworldlyexperienceandknowledgeofafashionablelifeCneedsomethingDgiveclearproofofsomethingEnotproperFruinsomethingthoroughlyGsuchanactionwhichnolongerhasmuchrealimportanceormeaningHbecometighterorsmallerinsizeTask2Completethefollowingsentenceswiththewordsgivenbelow.Changetheformifnecessary.<BackNext>deemprovokecompensateruinheightenhumiliatingpersuasionsnobbism1Thecampaignofcallingforhealthisintendedtoheighten

publicawarenessofthedisease.2Thatonemistakeruined

hischancesofsigningtheconstructioncontract.3Heisasnobbish

personwhoonlycommunicateswithpeoplefromtheupperclass.4Theywouldtakeanyactiondeemed

necessary.5Theyarguepersuasively

infavorofatotalbanonhandguns.6Herlawyerssaythevictimsshouldbecompensated

forthesufferingtheyhadbeencaused.7Shesufferedthehumiliation

ofbeingcriticizedinpublic.8Theannouncementoflayingofftheemployeesprovoked

astormofprotests.Task3Fillintheblanksinthefollowingpassagebyselectingsuitablewordsfromthewordbank.Youmaynotuseanyofthewordsmorethanonce.<BackNext>Beingawareoftheruleofinternationaletiquetteisquitenecessaryintheglobalbusinessworld.Someoftherules,(1)G

acceptedinoneculturemayturnouttobe(2)J

inanother.Forexample,insomecountries,touchingsomeoneisconsidereda(n)(3)L

personalviolation,whilelookingsomeoneintheeyescanbeseenasaphysicalchallenge.A)interestinglyB)insultC)completelyD)relativesE)costlyF)treatG)commonlyH)fortunatelyI)payJ)embarrassingK)compensateL)extremeM)acquaintancesN)accommodateO)ruin

<BackNext>Rather(4)A,insomecountriesevenbeingpolitecandropyouinit.InJapanyoushouldnever(5)Cfinishthedrinkinyourglass(orthefoodonyourplate)asitmeansyouwantmore,andyourhostwillgotogreatlengthsto(6)Fyou.Ruleslikethesemaybestrange,butnotknowingthemcanbe(7)E.Itmaynotonly(8)Oyourpersonalimagebutalsotheimageofthecompanyororganizationyourepresent.Evenworse,sometimes,nothingcan(9)Kyourlossmerelycausedbypooretiquette,evenifyouwerecommunicatingwith(10)Mwhoyouhappenedtomeetseveraltimesbefore.Therefore,toadaptandassimilateiswhatonehastodowhendoinginternationalbusiness.A)interestinglyB)insultC)completelyD)relativesE)costlyF)treatG)commonlyH)fortunatelyI)payJ)embarrassingK)compensateL)extremeM)acquaintancesN)accommodateO)ruin

Task1Combinetwoshortsentencesintoalongoneafterthemodel.Model:Hedidn’tpossesssomeetiquetteskills.Allofthiswasn’tavoidedandeveryonedidn’tenjoyadelightfulevening.→Ifhehadpossessedsomeetiquetteskills,allofthiscouldhavebeenavoidedandeveryonecouldhaveenjoyedadelightfulevening.<BackNext>Task1Combinetwoshortsentencesintoalongoneafterthemodel.<BackNext>1Hefailedtocatchthatplane.Hewasluckynottobekilledintheaircrash.Ifhehadcaughtthatplane,hewouldhavebeenkilledintheaircrash.2Mr.Smithdidn’tknowthatyouwerecoming.Hedidn’tmeetyouattherailwaystation.IfMr.Smithhadknownthatyouwerecoming,hewouldhavemetyouattherailwaystation.3Youdidn’tanswermycall.Youcouldn’tknowthetruth.Ifyouhadansweredmycall,youwouldhaveknownthetruth.Task2Rewritethefollowingsentencesafterthemodel.Model:Hehadnosoonermadehisclaimthanthewomansittingacrossfromhimtoldtheserverthatshehadorderedchickenandnotthefish.→Nosoonerhadhemadehisclaimthanthewomansittingacrossfromhimtoldtheserverthatshehadorderedchickenandnotthefish.<BackNext>Task2Rewritethefollowingsentencesafterthemodel.<BackNext>1Thebellhadnosoonerrungthanthestudentsquieteddown.Nosoonerhadthebellrungthanthestudentsquieteddown.2Ihadnosoonerleftthehousethanitbegantorain.NosoonerhadIleftthehousethanitbegantorain.3Serenahadnosoonergotherdriver’slicensethansheshowedoffinfrontofus.NosoonerhadSerenagotherdriver’slicensethansheshowedoffinfrontofus.Task1TranslatethefollowingparagraphfromChineseintoEnglish.伴随职场礼仪越来越被重视，商务饭桌上食物和餐桌礼仪也愈加考究。以中餐为例，中餐宴席开始时，服务员送上湿毛巾是用来擦手，不能够用它擦脸。上龙虾、鸡肉和水果时，会送上一只小水盂，里面飘着柠檬片或玫瑰花瓣，这种水盂不是饮料容器，而是用来洗手。<BackNext>Withincreasingimportanceattachedtotheoccupationalmanners,theeatingandtablemannersofthecommercialdinnersaremoreandmoreimportant.TakeChinesebanquetasanexample.AtthebeginningofaChinesebanquet,thewettowelservedbythewaitersisusedtocleanyourhands,sodon’tuseittocleanyourface.Whenlobster,chickenorfruitisserved,therewillbeasmalljarholdingwaterwithalemonsliceorroseleafonit.Itisnotfordrinking,buttobeusedforwashinghands.Task2TranslatethefollowingparagraphfromEnglishintoChinese.

InChina,peopletendtoask“Whereareyouheadingfor?”or“Haveyoueatenyet?”whentheymeeteachother.Formostofthetime,theydonotreallywanttoknowwhereyouaregoingtoorwhetheryouhaveeatenornot.Actually,thatisjustawaytogreeteachother.Similartowesterncustoms,whenyoustarttalkingwithastranger,topicssuchasweather,foodorhobbymaybegoodchoicestobreaktheice.Youshouldbecautiouswhenyouaskprivatequestions.Butachataboutone’shometownorjobcanusuallygoonsmoothly.<Back

在中国，人们见面时喜欢问：“你去哪儿?”或“你吃了吗?”大多数时候人们并非真正想知道你要去哪里或吃饭了没有。实际上，这只是一个寒暄方式。与西方风俗相同，当你与—个陌生人开始交谈时，谈论诸如天气、食物或兴趣之类话题可能是打破缄默不错选择。问询私人问题时应该慎重，不过聊些关于故乡、工作方面话题通常能够顺畅地沟通。TheNewRulesofOfficeEtiquetteNext>1Onelanguidsummerafternoon,IwascomingfromamiddayyogaclassattheofficegymwhenIranintomytopbossattheelevator.“Howarethings?”heasked.Freshfromblissingoutincorpsepose,Iblurted,“It’sAugust.I’mhavingtroublefocusing.”Translation<BackNext>2“Ineverhavethatproblem,”heshotback,frowning.Argh,Isaidtomyself.Couldn’tIhavesaidsomethingmoreappropriate?3Officeetiquettecanbetrickyinthesedaysofin-houseexercising,constantdigitalcommunicationandopen-planworkspaces.Forhelponfiguringouthowtobehaveproperly,abookbyVickyOliver,acareerconsultant,offerstipsoneverythingfromcubicleconducttoemailetiquette.Translation<BackNext>4Oneofthebiggestchangesof21st-centuryofficelifeistheubiquityofgadgetslikesmartphonesandiPods.Oliveroffersseveraldon’ts.Despitethefactthateveryoneelsedoesit,don’tlistentoyourmusicplayerintheelevator.“Wearingearplugsislikeputtinga‘DoNotDisturb’signonyou,”shesays.Itsendsamessagetocolleaguesthatyouwanttobeleftalone,anunfriendlygestureatbest.Translation<BackNext>5Don’tcheckyouremailmessagesintheelevatoreither,sheadds.“That’slikeactingyou’reinanisolationtank,”shesays.Unpluggingisnotjustpolite,shecontends.“Ifyouwanttogetahead,youhavetobreakoutofyourcocoon.”Elevatorsandhallwaysareprimespotsforfriendly,positiveinteractionswithcolleagues.Usethem.Translation<BackNext>6Oliveralsohassomecontrariantadviceabouthowtonavigateopen-planofficesandcubicles.Thoughthearchitectureofcubiclesseemstosuggestthatworkersareavailableforinterruptionatalltimes,mostofuslikeourboundaries.Don’tjustbargein,shecounsels.Announceyourself,eitherverbally,bysaying“Excuseme”or“Knockknock.”Dopausebeforeentering.Trytoapproachfromwithinyourcolleague’ssightline.Alsoconsidercallingoremailinginadvanceandaskingifyoucandropbyatanappointedtime.Translation<BackNext>7Whenitcomestocommunication,beitbyphone,textoremail,Oliversaysmanyofusneedtocleanupouretiquetteacts.Leavingavoicemailmessagewhenyouknowtherecipientisn’ttheretopickupthephoneisbadform,shesays:“It’sverypoormanners.It’sadeliberateactofavoidance.”Thepersonwillknowit,too,sheadds.Ifyoumustleaveamessage,dososhortlybeforeyouexpectthemtobeattheirdesk.“Itsendsaweirdmessagewhenyouleaveavoicemaillateatnight,”shenotes.Translation<BackNext>8Speakingoflate-nightcommuniqués,Oliverneverlikesthem,eveninemail.Ifyougetabrainstormatmidnight,goaheadandwritethatnote,butputitinyourdraftfolderandthenhitsendat9a.m.9Thesamegoesforbosses.Oliversaysit’sbadbossetiquettetoharassyouremployeeswithnotesafterhoursorontheweekend.IfyoureceiveonefromthebossonaSaturday,shesays,youcansafelyignoreitfor24hours.“Youarebeingmorethanpolitebydoingthat,”shesays.“You’realsocarvingoutalittleboundaryforyourself.”Translation<BackNext>10Oliverisalsoconcernedwithexcessivelycasualofficeattire.Ifthebosswearsjeans,fine,youcantoo,butit’swisetonotchyourwardrobeupadegreefromsuper-casual.Forinstance,ifyoursupervisorwearsT-shirts,youshouldconsideraddingablazerandashirtwithacollar.Atofficeretreatsorinformaloffsiteofficeparties,followthesamerule.“MenshouldnotwearHawaiianshirtsandBirkenstocks,”shesays.Translation<BackNext>11Whatdoyoudoif,likeme,youcommitanofficeetiquetteno-no,andsayordothewrongthingatthewrongtime?Humoralwaysmakesforagoodcomeback,Oliveradvises.I’mstilltryingtocomeupwithajokethatwouldhaveremediedmypost-yogafauxpas.Translation<Back1一个倦怠夏日午后，我刚从办公室健身房上完午后瑜伽课回来，在电梯里撞见了顶头上司。他问道：“工作怎么样？”刚从僵硬姿势亢奋中缓过来，我随口说道：“八月份了，专注力不够。参考译文：办公室礼仪新规则2上司皱了皱眉，说：“我就从来没碰到过这种问题。”啊，我自言自语，莫非我就不能说点更适当话吗？3

在现如今室内活动、频繁电子交流以及开放工作场所条件下，办公室礼仪变得很棘手。为了帮助人们了解怎样做到举止得体，职业顾问维姬·奥利弗在她一本专著中给出了从办公室举止到邮件礼仪一切相关提议。4二十一世纪办公室生活最大一个变化就是诸如智能手机和音乐