最新高中英语虚拟语气知识点及练习

虚拟语气：虚拟证据表示说的话不是事实，或者不可能发生的情况，而是一种愿望、建议或者与事实相反的假设等，一般常用于正式的书面语中。一、虚拟语气在if条件从句中的用法：1、a.IfIwereyou,Iwouldapplyforthejob.b.IfIlivednearmyoffice,Iwouldwalktotheoffice.与现在事实相反，If条件从句谓语：过去式〔be用were〕主句谓语：should/would/could/might+动词原形2、a.Ifyouhadbeenmorecareful,Youcouldhavepassedtheexam.b.Ifyouhadturnedoffthegas,thehousewouldn’thavecaughtfire.与过去事实相反，If条件从句谓语：had+动词过去分词主句谓语：should/would/could/might+havedone3、a.Ifitshouldraintomorrow,wewouldnotgocamping.b.ifitweretoraintomorrow,wewouldnotgocamping.c.Ifitrainedtomorrow,wewouldnotgocamping.与将来事实相反：If条件从句谓语：过去式/should+v原形/were+todo主句谓语：should/would/could/might+do二、混合虚拟条件句：不同时间的虚拟，各遵守各的规那么，如：a.Ifyouhadfollowedthedoctor’sadvice,youwouldbequiteallrightnow.从句表达与过去事实相反〔had+done〕，主句表达与现在事实相反〔would+v〕b.IfIwereyou,Iwouldhavetakenhisadvice.从句表达与现在事实相反〔过去式〕，主句表达与过去事实相反〔wouldhavedone〕三、虚拟语气在宾语从句中的适用：a.Theydemandedthattheblackpeople(should)betreatedaswellaswhitepeople.b.Hesuggestedthatwe(should)startoffatonce.〔建议〕Hissmilesuggestedthathewassatisfiedwithourwork.〔暗示，说明〕c.Iinsistedthatyou(should)givememymoneyback.〔坚决〔持〕，要求〕Mikeinsistedthathehadneverstolenanything.〔坚持说/坚持认为〕这类动词有：一坚持〔insist〕，二命令〔order,command〕，三建议〔advise,suggest,recommend,propose〕，四要求〔require,request,demand,desire〕d.IwishIwereabird.Idowishyouwouldcomeearliernexttime.IwishIhaddonebetterinmywork.四、虚拟语气在主语从句中的适用：1.Itwas/isimportant/vital/necessary/appropriate/proper/rightthat……eg:Itisimportantthatwe(should)thinkbeforewedecide.2.Itisimportantthatwe(should)thinkbeforewedecide.据建议/要求/命令……eg:Itissuggestedthatparents(should)spendmoretimewiththeirchildrenalone.五、虚拟语气在表语从句中的适用〔与表示决定、主张、要求、建议、命令的名词。如：suggestion,proposal,advice,order,demand,requirement等〕构成的表语从句常用should+do结构eg：Oursuggestionisthatthemeeting(should)beputoff.六、虚拟语气在同位语从句中的适用〔与表示决定、主张、要求、建议、命令的名词。如：suggestion,proposal,advice,order,demand,requirement等〕构成的同位语从句中常用should+do结构eg:Doctorsgiveussomeadvicethatwe(should)paymoreattentiontoourhealth.七、含蓄条件句的虚拟语气：由butfor〔要不是〕，Without〔要是没有〕，otherwise〔要不然〕,but等引导如：butforthestorm,Iwouldhavearrivedmuchearlier.Withoutyourhelp,Iwouldn’thavepassedthedrivingtest.Iwastoobusyatthattime.OtherwiseIwouldhavecalledyou.Iwouldhavecometoseeyou,butIwastoobusy.注意：句子或主句中的谓语动词的形式视具体情况而定。这是考查考生应变能力的最正确试题。八、虚拟语气的其他用法1、It’s(high)timethat从句:(从句用过去式或者should+动词原形eg：It’shightimethatyouwenttoschool.2、Ifonly〔要是……就好了……〕用一般过去式表示与现在或将来事实相反，用过去完成的表示与过去事实相反。eg：IfonlyIwereafilmstar.IfonlyIhadknownhisphoneunmber.3、asif引导的方式状语从句中的虚拟语气：eg:HetreatsmeasifIwerehisownson.ShespeaksEnglishsofluentlyasifshehadlearnedEnglishinAmericaforyears.HelearnsEnglishsohardasifhewouldgoabroad.4、wouldrather+that从句中的虚拟语气eg:Iwouldratherthatyoupaidmenow.Iwouldratherthatyouhadn’tdoneitbefore.5、虚拟语气也常用于“ifitwere/hadbeennotfor……〞句型中，意为“要不是……〞eg:Ifitwerenotforpeace,wecouldnotbelivingahappylifetoday.Ifithadnotbeenforyouradvice,Iwouldnothaveacceptedthejob.6、省略if的虚拟语气：从句中有were,had,should等词语，省略if，将were,had,should提到句首，如：a.Ifitshouldraintomorrow,wewouldnotgocamping.→Shoulditraintomorrow,wewouldnotgocamping.b.Ifitweretoraintomorrow,wewouldnotgocamping.→Wereittoraintomorrow,wewouldnotgocamping.c.IfIhadhadthemoneylastyear,Iwouldhaveboughtthehouse.→HadIhadthemoneylastyear,Iwouldhaveboughtthehouse.〔〕1.Ifweadequatepreparations,theconferencewouldn’thavebeensosuccessful.A.haven’tmade B.wouldn’tmake C.didn’tmake D.hadn’tmade〔〕2.Jackisagreattalker.It’shightimethathesomethinginsteadofjusttaking.A.willdo B.hasdone C.do D.did〔〕3.Don’thandlethevaseasifitmadeofsteel.A.is B.were C.hasbeen D.hadbeen〔〕4.Sorry,Iamtoobusynow.IfItime,Iwouldcertainlygoforanoutingwithyou.A.havehad B.hadhad C.have D.had〔〕5.Welostourwayinthatsmallvillage,otherwisewemoreplacesofinterestyesterday.A.visited B.hadvisited C.wouldvisit D.wouldhavevisited〔〕6.Gracedoesn’twanttomovetoNewYorkbecauseshethinksifshethere,shewouldn’tbeabletoseeherparentsveryoften.A.lives B.wouldlive C.haslived D.weretolive〔〕7.Wethedifficultytogether,butwhydidn’tyoutellme?A.shouldface B.mightface C.couldhavefaced D.musthavefaced〔〕8.Ifmycarmorereliable,IwouldhavedriventoLhasainsteadofflyinglastsummer.A.was B.hadbeen C.shouldbe D.wouldbe〔〕9.Hadtheyknownwhatwascomingnext,theysecondthoughts.A.mayhave B.couldhave C.musthavehad D.mighthavehad〔〕10.―Wherearethechildren?Thedinner’sgoingtobecompletelyruined.―Iwishtheyalwayslate.A.weren’t B.hadn’tbeen C.wouldn’tbe D.wouldn’thavebeen〔〕11.Ithroughthatbitterperiodwithoutyourgeneroushelp.A.couldn’thavegone B.didn’tgoC.wouldn’tgo D.hadn’tgone〔〕12.MaybeifIscience,andnotliteraturethen,Iwouldbeabletogiveyoumorehelp.A.studied B.wouldstudy C.hadstudied D.wasstudying〔〕13.Teachersrecommendparentstheirchildrenunder12toridebicyclestoschoolforsafety.A.notallow B.donotallow C.mustn’tallow D.couldn’tallow〔〕14.Ifhemyadvice,hewouldn’thavelosthisjob.A.followed B.shouldfollow C.hadfollowed D.wouldfollow〔〕15.―Johnwenttothehospitalalone.―Ifhemeaboutit,Iwouldhavegonewithhim.A.shouldtell B.tells C.told D.hadtold〔〕16.―Theweatherhasbeenveryhotanddry.―Yes.Ifithadrainedevenadrop,thingswouldbemuchbetternow!Andmyvegetables.A.wouldn’tdie