新概念英语第三册笔记lesson51-60

第1页第第页onthespotpretendtobeputoutwasoutofstockatsomefuturedatekeepastraightfaceisquitebeyondme:bepromptedtoinbewildermentwentontoconveyedsth.Tometwithrequirementsputonhisactofintoxicatedbyinblankastonishmentlitupforonceadmitdefeatpickedupwhatseemedtobegetawaybeata(hasty)retreatlittlegame当场，立即immediatelyonthespotpretendtobeputoutwasoutofstockatsomefuturedatekeepastraightfaceisquitebeyondme:bepromptedtoinbewildermentwentontoconveyedsth.Tometwithrequirementsputonhisactofintoxicatedbyinblankastonishmentlitupforonceadmitdefeatpickedupwhatseemedtobegetawaybeata(hasty)retreatlittlegame假惺惺装作 toappear,say,claimfalselyinordertomislead不悦tocausesbtofeeluncomfortable,annoyed没有存货hadnothinginstock不日atanuncertaindate扮得一本正经inallseriousness,indeadearnest(be)令我费解beyondme=beyondmyken提醒beincitedto迷惑不解地 inastateofblankperplexity接着beganto对...有所启示made(sth.)knownto(sb.)对...说明某一问题符合需要，满足要求 satisfiedone'sneeds.装作actedasifhewere...沉醉于，这里是被动形式，本身沉醉于用beintoxicatedwith(success)目瞪口呆地 dumbfounded现出喜悦的神情 becamemorecheerful就这一次onthisoneoccasion认输throwupthesponge,giveup拿起liftedsomethingfrom...那种似乎是 ...thingsthatseemedtobe...离开leave急忙退却，逃之夭夭 withdrawquickly小小玩笑littletrick二、若干表达法示例1.putout不高兴 1)Heseemedgreatlyputoutbythearrivalofthenewworkers. 2)Shenevergetsputoutevenbythemostdifficultmaters.2.onthespot当场 1)Noonecouldlookatthatdearsweetlittlefaceofyourswithoutfallinginlovewithyouonthespot. 2)Hediditonthespot. 3)Hediedonthespot.3.conveyto把什么一种 ...使人理解 1)HowcanIconveytheseideatothechildren? 2)Thephrasedoesnotconveythismeaning. 3)Thisdescription,picture,sketchwillconveysomeideaofthescenery. 4)Itconveyedtometheideaofabattlefield.(idea是概况的意思 )4litup显出愉悦的神情 1)Herfacelitupwithjoywhensheheardthegoodnews. 2)Asmilelituphisface.5beataretreat退却—1)Theybeataretreatwhentheysawthattheyweretoofew.—2)Thecatbeatahastyretreatwhenhesawthedogcoming.—3)Hebeataretreat,whenhesawme.—4)Theenemybeatahastyretreatwhentheyfoundtheplaceoccupied.—5)Seeingthathisrivalwasoutwittinghim,hebeatahastyretreatbysayingthathewasnotfeelingwellandhadtogotothedoctor's.Lesson53Inthepublicinterest 为了公众的利益Newwordsandexpression 生词和短语学习词汇时仅知道汉语语义是不够的，要把单词放在语句中体会其应用学习关键句结构是则要把它放在段落结构或文章里evolvev. 逐渐形成=developgradually-Hehasdeveloped/evolvedanewsystemforrunningthefactory.evolveasystemfordoingsth形成了发展了一套…的体系evolvefrom演化-Manhasevolvedfromtheape(类人猿).evolutionn.发展，演变-Theevolutionisn'tunexpected.ism/socialism/evolutionism/evolutionist/evolutionalevolutionism n.进化论evolutionist n.进化论者evolutional a.发展的，进化的resolve/resolvetodosth/resolution/revolveresolvev.下决心resolvetodosth下定决心做某事resolutionn.解决revolve v.旋转-Theearthisround,andeverydayandnightitisrevolving.involve/beinvolvedininvolve v.卷入，牵涉-Heisinvolvedinthepetent:havingability/qualificationtodosth.有资格去做某事becompetenttodosth..becompetentforsth..=qualified/fit-Heiscompetent/qualified/fitforthejob.incompetent/unfitcompetent:sufficient/enoughadequate-HehasacompetentknowledgeofFrench.-Heiscompetenttoteachthepetence/qualificationfor/tothecompetencefor/to-Hehastheabilitytodothejob.他有能力做这项工作-Hehasthecapability/capacityofdoingthepetence侧重点在于能够胜任-Hehasthecompetencetodo/forthejob. 最好的解释是qualificationover-zealously a.过分热情地over-zealous/zealouslysafeguard v./n.保护（正式，书面语或严肃大的场合下 ）protectv.保护-Wemustsafeguardourmotherland.-Wemustsafeguardourstateterritorialintegrity.-Keepingcleanisasafeguardagainstdisease.safeguard/guard.保安-Weneedseveralsafeguards.safeguard/protectoureyes.grievance n.不平，冤屈grief n.极度的悲伤-Ican'tgotothecinemawithyoutonightbecauseIhavetocomfortmyfriendingrief.grievev.:causegriefto使悲伤，是伤心-Itgrievesmetoseehiminsuchbadhealth.grievefor/about/over为什么而悲伤grief/ingriefgrieve/itgrievesme•••..secretiveadj.保密的secretiveletters保密的信件correspondence n.来往信件keepupcorrespondence保持通信联系-keepintouchwithsb.bywritingletters-Wekeepupcorrespondencerecentlyforseveralyears.by/throughcorrespondence=bywritingletterscorrespondenceschool函授学校correspondencecourse函授课程correspondence:agreement/similarity相似，——致，和…相符incorrespondencewithsb.与••相——致;与某人有通信ocorrespondencewithsth使某事与另——事相——致--Wemustbringyourideaintocorrespondencewithmine.correspondentn.通讯员，通信者altervt.改变：changeincharacter,appearanceetc.partly--Theshirtmustbealtered.Itistoolarge.changev.完全，彻底的变化，往往指以新代旧--Greatchangeshavetakenplaceinourcountry.--Hechangedalotaftersomanyyearsofhardwork,soIevencan 'trecognisehim.convertv.改变（态度/信仰等）--HeconvertedtoBuddhism.他改信佛教了。--Thenewhouseisconvertedfromanoldone.transform v.在形态或性质上发生变化，尤其指物理能量或电压的改变--Wecantransformoneformofenergyintoanother.vary v.改变（强调事物在不同时间 条件状况下白^变化，强调多样化）--Customsvarywiththetimes.风俗随时代而变化。turn=changeascertainv.查出，查明=findout/gettoknow/makecertain/makesure-Letusascertainwhenwewillholdtheparty.prejudiced a.有偏见的，不公平的prejudice n.prideandprejudice傲慢与偏见promptadj.即时的prompt/swift/rapid/speedy/hastyText课文TheScandinaviancountriesaremuchadmiredallovertheworldfortheirenlightenedsocialpolicies. 斯堪的纳维亚半岛各国实行开明的社会政策，受到全世界的推崇。for:becauseofbeadmiredfor因为…而受到羡慕钦佩。--Heisadmiredbyusforhishumor.Worldwide全世界范围内Swedenhasevokedanexcellentsystemforprotectingtheindividualcitizenfromhighhandedorincompetentpublicofficers.在瑞典，已逐渐形成了一种完善的制度以保护每个公民不受专横的和不称职的政府官员的欺压。evolveasystemfordoingsth..形成了发展了一套…的体系protect可用safeguardfrom替换，更加正规。-Ican'tconcealmyamusement.（信达雅）我不能掩饰我幸灾乐祸的心情。-Yourexcitementisbeyondme.你的激动的心情是我难以理解的。所以原文要把迫害欺压的字眼翻译出来。evolveanexcellentsystemfordoingsth..Thesystemhasworkedsowell,thatithasbeenadoptedinothercountriestoo.由于这种制度行之有效，已被其他国家采纳。hasworkedsowell:workableadopt/adapt（四级辨析）adopt采纳adapt改编，以适应TheSwedeswerethefirsttorecognizethatpublicofficiallikecivilservants,policeofficers,healthinspectorsortax-collectorscanmakemistakesoractover-zealouslyinthebeliefthattheyareservingthepublic.是瑞典人首先认识到政府工作人员如文职人员、警官、卫生稽查员、税务人员等等也会犯错误或者自以为在为公众服务而把事情做过了头。unsuitablemistakes很不合情理的错误werethefirst/second/last/onlytodosth.publicofficials:publicsofficers政府工作人员inthebeliefthat:believein 都是介词短语或分词结构在这里做状语，它们和make,act相搭配。-HeturnedtomeforhelpbecausehebelievedthatIcouldhelphim.（书面语就不要用）-HeturnedtomeforhelpinthebeliefthatIcouldlendhimahand.-HeturnedtomefoehelpbelievingthatIcouldlendhimahand.他向我求助，因为他相信我会帮他。inthehope:hopinginthethought:thinking-WecomehereinthehopethatwewilllearnEnglishwell.-WecomeherehopingtolearnEnglishwell.我们来到这里为了把英语学好undertheimpressionthat-Judges,howeverwiseoreminent,aremortalandcanmakemistakes.As10ngagoas1809,theSwedishParliamentintroducedaschemetosafeguardtheinterestoftheindividual.早在1809年，瑞典论会就建立一个保护公民利益的制度。Aslongagoas1809:datingbackto1809追溯的1809年Datebackto/datefromintroduce:bringin弓I入-Heintroducedsciencetothegameboxing.-Hebroughtscienceintothegameboxing.Scheme制度59课--Sometimes,youneedtofindarightplacetoputyourlatestaddition.为最新的收藏品寻找一个合适的位置。AparliamentarycommitteerepresentingallpoliticalpartiesappointsapersonwhoissuitablyqualifiedtoinvestigateprivategrievancesagainsttheState.议会内有一个代表各政党利益的委员会，由它委派一位称职的人选专门调查个人对国家的意见。represent代表-Thestatuerepresentedagoddess.在使用代表什么的利益的时候，一定注意用 -ing形式做定语。Amonitorrepresentinghisclassmates.bequalifiedtodosth./becompetenttodosth. 有能力有资格去做某事Theofficialtitleofthepersonis'Justiteombudsman',buttheSwedescommonlyrefertohimasthe'J.O.'or 'Ombudsman'.此人官衔为“司法特派员”，但瑞典人一般管他叫“ J.O.”，即“司法特派员”。refertosb.as被称之为…TheOmbudsmanisnotsubjecttopoliticalpressure.司法特派员不受任何政治压力的制约。besubjecttosth.(1)表示易受 的影响，to是介词；隶属于，受…的限制-Heissubjecttocoldduringwinter.belikelytodoHeislikelytocatchcoldduringwinter.beproneto易受 的影响，有可能如何，to是介词-Heispronetofluduringwinter.在冬季他容易得流感。beliabletodo(2)隶属于,受…的限制-Yourplanissubjecttomyapproval.-Wehaveagoodplan,buttheplanmustbesubjecttoourteacher 'sapproval.Heinvestigatescomplaintslargeandsmallthatcometohimfromalllevelsofsociety.他听取社会各阶层的各种大小意见，并进行调查。complaintslargeandsmall形容词短语作定语通常放在被修饰名词的后面。 Complaints就替换上面的grievanceso-Agreatmanystudents,boyandgirl.wenttothepartyyesterday.-Manypeople,oldandyoung,visittheshop.Ascomplaintsmustbemadeinwriting,theOmbudsmanreceivesanaverageof1,200lettersayear. 由于意见均需用书面形式提出，司法特派员每年平均收到 1,200封信。bemadeinwriting:bewrittendownanaverageof平均-Iworkfor8hourseveryday.-Iworkforanaverageof8hoursaday.-Wehavegot15studentsineachclass.each两个的平均every三个以上的平均-Wehavegotanaverageof15studentsineach/everyclass.-Hehaseightlawyerassistantstohelphimandexamineseverysingleletterindetail.indetail./indetails详细地Ifacitizen'scomplaintisjustified,theOmbudsmanwillactonhisbehalf. Justified:justice 符合事实的，公正的Onhisbehalf:inhisinterest代表他的利益注意介词的应用Theactionhetakesvariesaccordingtothenatureofthecomplaint.司法特员采取的行动因意见的性质不同而有所不同。Varies/varied/variouss,否则则表示这部分。名词前加定冠词the表示“这一类”时，名词就不要加表示复数的s,否则则表示这部分。-Therefrigeratorsareusefulduringhotsummer.(错)-Therefrigeratorisusefulduringhotsummer.-Refrigeratorsareusefulduringhotsummer.-Arefrigeratorisusefulduringhotsummer.nature:character特性Hemaygentlyreprimandanofficialorevensuggesttoparliamentthatalawthealtered.他可以善意地批评某位官员，也可以甚至向议会提议修改某项法律。alaw(should)bealtered省略了shouldsuggesttosb.像某人提建议ThefollowingcaseisatypicalexampleoftheOmbudsman'swork..下述事件是司法特派员工作的一个典型例子。-Thefollowingcaseisatypicalexampleofityoucanjudgebyyourself.是一个常用的句式。AforeignerlivinginaSwedishvillagewrotetotheOmbudsmancomplainingthathehadbeenill-treatedbythepolice,simplybecausehewasaforeigner.一个住在瑞典乡村的外国人写信给司法特派员，抱怨说他受到警察的虐待，原因就是因为他是个外国人。AforeignerlivinginaSwedishvillage:=AforeignerwhoislivinginaSwedishvillage-AforeignerwrotealettertotheOmbudsmancomplaining -Theeditorsentafaxinstructingthejournalisttogetstatistics.simplybecause:onlybecause/justbecause只是因为…Therewasnothingintherecordtoshowthattheforeigner'scomplaintwasjustifiedandtheChiefofPolicestronglydeniedtheaccusation.材料中没有任何文字记载证明外国人所说的情况符合事实，警察局长矢口否认这一指控。accusesb.ofdoingsth.指责，指控某人做某事accusation.n.控告ItwasimpossiblefortheOmbudsmantotakeaction,butwhenhereceivedasimilarcomplaintfromanotherforeigne门nthesamevillage,heimmediatelysentoneofhislayerstoinvestigatethematter.司法特派员难以处理。但是，当他又收到住在同一村庄的另一个外国人写的一封内容类似的投诉信时，他立即派出一位律师前去调查。Thematter:thecaseThelawyerascertainedthatapolicemanhadindeeddealtroughlywithforeignersonseveraloccasions.律师证实有个警察确实多次粗鲁地对待外国人。ascertainthat/sth.=madesurethat/madecertainthatdealtroughlywith=ill-treated很粗暴的对待Thefactthatthepolicemanwasprejudicedagainstforeignerscouldnotberecordedintheofficialfiles警察歧视外国人的事在官方档案中不可能加以记载。这是一个同位语从句beprejudicedagainstsb./sth. 对什么有偏见-Ifyouareprejudicedagainststh.,youmusttakeobjectiontoit.ItwasonlypossiblefortheOmbudsmantofindthisoutbysendingoneofhisrepresentativestocheckthefacts.司法特派员只有派他的代表去核对事实才能了解真相。findthisout:todiscoverit_|checkthefacts:verifythefacts核对事实句中注意only的位置-Itisonlypossibleforustolearnthelanguagewellifwestudyhard.representativen./represent v.代表-acommitteerepresentingallpoliticalparties代表各个政党的委员会representatives代表了上文的lawyerassistantsThepolicemaninquestionwasseverelyreprimandedandwasinformedthatifanyfurthercomplaintswerelodgedagainsthim,hewouldprosecuted.当事的警察受到严厉的斥责，并被告知，如果再有人投诉他，他将受到起诉。inquestion涉嫌注意句子结构的一致性TheOmbudsman'spromptactionatonceputanendtoanunpleasantpracticewhichmighthavegoneunnoticed.司法特派员及时采取的行动，迅速制止了这一起不愉快的事件，不然这件事可能因未得到人们注意而不了了之。practice:whatthepolicemandid/thewaythathetreatedwithforeignersputanendto （关键短语）把什么画上了一个句号 不妨翻译成停止了，结束了=stopprevent阻止，妨碍 有时强调妨碍，会引起歧义-Youpreventmefromdoingthework.whichmighthavegoneunnoticed:whichmighthavegonewithoutbeingnoticed-Iftheyhadhadonlyonemorechild,theywouldhavelivedinobscurityunnoticed.（45课）他们依旧过着贫困的生活而不会引起任何人的注意。 Unnoticed形容词在这里做状语Lesson54Instinctorcleverness? 是本能还是机智Newwordsandexpression生词和短语学习词汇时仅知道汉语语义是不够的，要把单词放在语句中体会其应用学习关键句结构是则要把它放在段落结构或文章里wagev.进行（斗争）=beginandcontinueastruggle=carryon 表示开始进行=undertaketodo着手--Heundertooktoinformpeopleconcerned.wageawaragainst/on就什么方面展开斗争-Lifemeansperpetualstruggleagainstpoverty.engagein不仅开展，而且全身心地投入beengagedin/bedeterminedonsth/bededicatedtosth/bedevotedtosthcontaminatev.弄脏，玷污:makedirtyorbadorimpurebymixingwithdirtyorpoisonousmatter-Don'teattheapple.Ithasbeencontaminatedbyflies.-Don'treadthehotstory（黄色书干U）justbecauseitwillcontaminate（毒害）yourmind.pollutev.污染-Theairhasbeenpollutedseverely/terribly/badly.pollutionn.polluteda.tintvt.弄脏（通常用被动语态，突出坏因素对人的负面影响 ）=contaminate-Don'treadthehotstoryjustbecauseitwillcontaminate/tintyourmind.-Hisreputationwastintedbythescandal.（丑闻）foul:makesthdirty-Dogsareforbiddentogointothestreetsbecauseweareafraidthestreetswillbefouled.-Thefactoryisresponsibleforfoulinguptheair.foulup=pollutedefile:makesthimpure=contaminate使污染，内含不纯-Ilikehoney,butIdon 'twanttodrinkthehoneydefiledbyflies.poisonvt污染（较口语化）=foulup/pollute-Gasesfromcarsarepoisoningtheairofourvocationn.惹怒，激怒provoke v.激起=makeangryorbad-tempered/cause挑衅，弓I起，激起-Hewasprovokedbeyondhisendurance.-Hewasprovokedanditwasmorethanhecouldendure.他是怒不可遏。arousev.激起-Thebookarouses/provokesmyinterest.bringabout/resultin/leadto/giverisetoprovokesb'sinterestinst激起某人兴趣provokesbtodo/provokesbintodoing/causesbtodosth 致使某人做某时-Youprovokedhimtosayso,why?revulsionn.厌恶=disgust/dislikeuncanny a.神秘'的,不可思议的mysteriousa.神秘的--Theyareleadingamysteriouslife.--Inspiteofthis,hesurvivedmysteriously.eerie a怪诞的，奇异的--Helookseerie.--Whathesaidiseerietome.weird a.怪异的，怪诞的，奇异的--Ican'tgetalongwellwithhimbecauseheisaweirdperson.--Whydoyoudecidetomarrysuchaweirdperson?cryptic a.神秘'的，突出鬼鬼祟祟的--Whydidyoudosuchalittlethinginacrypticway.erasev.擦,抹去--Erasetheideafromyourmind!--Heerasesthenamefromthenamelist.cancel取消writeoff 把 勾销，注销crossoff把 划去--Thewordisunnecessaryhere,soitcrossedoff.wipeout完全擦掉--Iwanttowriteontheblackboard,soIhavetowipeallthewordshereout.--Ican'timagingwhyyouraresohot,pleasewipeoutsweatonyourface.obliteratev.涂去--Heobliteratedtwowordsinink/withapen.--Iobliteratethewordwithchalk.entranceda.出神的entrancen/vt:carryawaywithjoyanddelightentrancetotheroom/hallbeentrancedinthought想得入了迷/出了神--Idon'tknowwhathehasinhismind,anywayheisentrancedinthought.beentrancedwithfear 吓得魂不附体--Atthestoryatnight,Iwasentrancedwithfear.bepleasedwith/besatisfiedwith/bepopularwith/entrancedwith+Performance/film/book表示入迷--Hewasentrancedwithfilm.--Areyouentrancedwiththestory?--Helistenedtothestoryentranced.--Thewriterwatchedantsentranced.ingenuity n.机灵--Theboyshowsingenuityinmakingtoys.这男孩在制作玩具方面显得机灵。Text课文Wehavebeenbroughtuptofea门nsects.我们自幼就在对昆虫的惧怕中长大。Wehavebeenbroughtuptoeatcertainfood.Wehavelearnttodo 表示已经学会适应了什么。--Wehavelearnttofearinsects.--Girlshavebeenbroughtuptofearmice.Weregardthemasunnecessarycreaturesthatdomoreharmthangood. 我们把昆虫当作害多益少的无用东西。domornharmthangood--Theexercisewilldoyougood.--Smokingwilldoyouharm.Wecontinuallywagewaronthem,fortheycontaminateourfood,carrydiseases,ordevourourcrops.人类不断同昆虫斗争，因为昆虫弄脏我们的食物，传播疾病，吞噬庄稼。Wagewaragainst/wagewaronthemdevour吞噬-Twodogsbenefitedfromtheaccidentandtheydevouredtheremainsofthecake.-HereyesdevourthebeautifuldressTheystingorbitewithoutprovocation;theyflyuninvitedintoourroomsonsummernights,orbeatageistourlightedwindows.它们无缘无故地又叮又咬；夏天的晚上，它们未经邀请便飞到我们房间里，或者对着露出亮光的窗户乱扑乱撞。flyuninvitedintoourrooms/withoutbeinginvited做定语时，light只能用lighted形式Weliveindreadnotonlyofunpleasantinsectslikespidersorwasps,butofquiteharmlessonelikemoths.我们在日常生活中，不但憎恶如蜘蛛、黄蜂之类令人讨厌的昆虫，而且憎恶并无大害的飞蛾等。书面语中常常借助介词短语口语中Ididsoas/becauseIbelievethatyoucandoitwell.我这样做是因为我相信你能把这项工作做得很好。书面语中 Ididsointhebeliefthat…inthethoughtthat/inthehopethatin/under书面语中常使用-Evenhestilllivesundertheillusionthatcountrylifeismuchmorebeautiful.我的这些朋友还依旧抱有一种幻想乡村生活更美。-Weliveundertheillusionthatcitylifeiswonderful.indread:infearindreadof 害怕什么dreaddoing/dreadtodoones:insects在使用notonly , but(also) (aswel疆时，要突出介词短语或动词短语中的介词，则此介词要重复出现。--Iliveindreadnotonlyofdogs,butofcats.beafraidof--Iamafraidnotonlyofdogs,butofcats.both and --Weliveindreadofbothdogsandcats.--IaminterestednotonlyinEnglish,butinFrench.Readingaboutthemincreasesourunderstandingwithoutdispellingourfears. 阅读有关昆虫的书能增加我们对它们的了解，却不能消除我们的恐惧的心理。dispel:erase/getridof/remove消除，去除Knowingthattheindustriousantlivesinahighlyorganizedsocietydoesnothingtopreventusfrombeingfilledwithrevulsionwhenwefindhordesofthemcrawlingoveracarefullypreparedpicniclunch. 即使知道勤奋的蚂蚁生活具有高度组织性的社会里，当看到大群蚂蚁在我们精心准备的午间野餐上爬行时，我们也无法抑制对它们的反感。inahighlyorganizedsociety 具有高度组织性的社会--Weliveinahighlyorganizedsociety.doesnothingtodo不会起作用--Doingsodoesnothingtopreventmefromhatingyou.Preventsb.fromdoingsth. 阻止某人做某事--Nothingwillpreventmefromsayingso.--Whateveryousaydoesnothingtopreventmefromattaining/accomplishingmygoal.无论你说什么都不会阻止我去实现我的梦想。Accomplishgoal/attaingoalAccomplishaim/attainaimHorde/colonyCrawl/creep/climbNomatterhowmuchwelikehoney,orhowmuchwehavereadabouttheuncannysenseofdirectionwhichbeespossess,wehaveahorrorofbeingstung.不管我们多么爱吃蜂蜜，或读过多少关于蜜蜂具有神秘的识别方向的灵感的书， 我们仍然十分害怕被蜂蟹。Nomatterhow:howevermuchDread/fear/horror/terror语气逐步加强--Webecomeillogicalwhenwehaveahorrorofbeingstung.Mostofourfearsareunreasonable,buttheyareimpossibletoerase.我们的恐惧大部分是没有道理的，但去无法消除。ItisimpossibleforustodosthItisimpossibleforustoerasethefears.Itiseasyfoeeveryonetoread./itiseasytoread.Atthesametime,however,insectsarestrangelyfascinating.同时，不知为什么昆虫又是迷人的。Befascinatedwith对 着迷Strangely/uncanny神秘的Weenjoystaringatthem,entrancedastheygoabouttheirbusiness,unaware(wehope)ofourpresence.我们喜欢看有关昆虫的书，尤其是当我们了解螳螂等过着一种令人生畏的生活时，就更加爱读有关昆虫的书了。goabouttheirbusiness:astheydowhattheyshoulddo 干它们应该干的事astheygetdowntotheirbusiness--letusgetdowntoourbusiness. 让我们言归正传。--Youshouldgoaboutyourbusiness. 干你们应该干的事情。注意该句的平行结构。Whohasnotstoodinaweatthesightofaspiderpouncingonafly,oracolumnofantstriumphantlybearinghomeanenormousdeadbeetle?当看到蜘蛛扑向一只苍蝇时，一队蚂蚁抬着一只巨大的死甲虫凯旋归时，谁能不感到敬畏呢？Standinawe:fearbutrespect敬畏Atthesightof:assoonasyousee一看至U Pounceon:jumpat/chargeat 向什么猛扑过去Standinaweof敬畏什么--Generallyspeaking,employeesstandinaweoftheiremployer.-Inprimaryschool,pupilsstandinaweoftheirteacher.Acolonyofants一群蚂蚁LastsummerIspentdaysinthegardenwatchingthousandsofantscrawlingupthetrunkofmyprizepeachtree.去年夏天，我花了好几天时间站在花园里观察成千只蚂蚁爬上我那棵心爱的桃树的树干。Prize:dearIamespeciallyproudofit,notonlybecauseithassurvivedseveralseverewinters,butbecauseitoccasionallyproduceslusciouspeaches.那棵树是靠着房子有遮挡的一面暖墙生长的。我为这棵树感到特别自豪，不仅因为它度过了几个寒冬终于活了下来，而且还因为它有时结出些甘甜的桃子来。如果要突出原因，则要重复 because.Duringthesummer,Inoticedtattheleavesofthetreewerebeginningtowither.到了夏天，我发现树叶开始枯萎 .Wither枯萎Horde/colony/column/cluster一般形容小的动物。Clustersoftininsectscalledaphidsweretobefoundontheundersideoftheleaves.Weretobefound/werefoundSee/find/congratulate常和beto搭配，用于被动语态Theboywasfoundbehindthedoor.口语中Theboywastobefoundbehindthedoor.书面语中-Hewascongratulatedbyhisfriends.-Hewastobecongratulatedbyhisfriends.Wecan'tfindhimanywhere./wecanfindhimnowhere.至U处也找不见他Heisnowheretobefound/seen比较正式的书面用语Theywerevisitedbyalargecolonyofantswhichobtainedasortofhoneyfromthem.朗虫遭到一窝蚂蚁的攻击，蚂蚁从它们身上可以获得一种蜜。Whichobtained:toobtainIimmediatelyembarkedonanexperimentwhich,eventhoughiffailedtogetridoftheants,keptmefascinatedfortwenty-fourhours.我当即动手作了一项试验，这项试验尽管没有使我摆脱这些蚂蚁，却使我着迷了 24小时。embarkedon:setouttodo/setaboutdoing 正式的开始着手做某事-Iimmediatelysetouttodoanexperiment.keptmefascinated:keptmeoccupiedIboundthebaseofthetreewithstickytape,makingitimpossiblefortheantstoreachtheaphids. 我用一条胶带把桃树底部包上，不让蚂蚁接近助虫。Bind/bound捆绑makingitimpossibleforsb.todo-ing形式做状语，进一步修饰前一步的情况。-Iworkhardmakingitpossibletopasstheexamination.-Iprepareddinnercarefully,makingitpossibletopleasemyguests.Thetapewassostickthattheydidnotdaretocrossit.胶带极粘，蚂蚁不敢从上面爬过。Thedidn'tdaretocrossit./Theydarednotcrossit.注意dare用法。Need/Youneedn'tcomehereonSunday.Youdon'tneedtocomehereonSunday.Foralongtime.Iwatchedthemscurryingaroundthebaseofthetreeinbewilderment.在很长一段时间里，我看见蚂蚁围着大树底部来回转悠，不知所措。Inbewilderment:werelost迷惑了Ievenwentoutatmidnightwithatorchandnotedwithsatisfaction(andsurprise)thattheantswerestillswarmingaroundthestickytapewithoutbeingabletodoanythingaboutit.半夜，我还拿着电筒来到花园里，满意地(同时惊奇地)发现那些蚂蚁还围着胶带团团转。 Swarmaround团团转Withoutbeingabletodoanythingaboutit 茫然不知所措=unabletodoanythingaboutitIgotupearlynextmorninghopingtofindthattheantshadgivenupindespair.第二天早上，我起床后希望看见蚂蚁已因无望而放弃了尝试 ^Hopingtodo:inthehopethatIrealizedsadlythatIhadbeencompletelydefeatedbytheiringenuity.我懊丧地感到败在了足智多谋的蚂蚁的手下。Itookabeatingcompletely.Theantshadbeenquicktofindananswertomythoroughlyunscientificmethods!蚂蚁已很快找到了相应的对策，来对付我那套完全不科学的办法！Bequicktofindananswerto/asolutionto--DanielMendozawasquicktolearn.-Antsarequicktofindanswertotheirproblem.Vocabulary 词?匚Contaminate:makedirty,makeimpure.Contaminate/taintContaminate/defilePollute/foulup/poisonDevour:eathungrilyProvocation:beingmadeangryProvoke:makeangryDispelling:erasingDispel:eraseNothingcandispelourfear.Industrious:hardworkingRevulsion:dislikePouncing:jumpingatsuddenlyPounceon猛扑向Thecustomsofficerpouncedonmytinybottle.Multiplechoicequestions多项选择•••Brational理性的/irrational没理性的logical/illogicalreasonable/unreasonablerational/irrationaloutrageous/ridiculousbelikelytodo有可能做 nolesslikely可能性不大 掌握wearenolesslikelytodosth.D3A虚拟语气，表示与过去事实相反Cupanddown上上下下/来来回回around来来回回clustersofinsectscalledaphidsweretobefoundontheundersideoftheleaves.5C与第一题结合 6A与第一题结合Cinspiteof/despite/incontemptof/indisregardofDittakessb.orsth.Sometimetodo 表示花费某人某物多长时间Bcannothelpdoing/cannotresistdoing 表示禁不住10Buncanny神秘的Bluscious甘美的Cspeedy/swift/rapid/fast/quick/speedy/hastyLesson55无Lesson56无Lesson57无Exercise（lesson54）Vocabularycontaminatev.弄脏玷污makedirty,makeimpurecontaminate/taintcontaminate/defilepollute/foulup/poisondevourv.吞食:eathungrilyprovocationn.惹怒，挑衅:beingmadeangryprovokev.makeangrydispelling:erasingdispel:eraseindustriousadj.勤劳的hardworkingnothingcandispelourfear.revulsion:dislikepouncing:jumpingatsuddenlypounceon:猛扑向 jumpingon?Multiplechoicequestions 多项选择comprehension1.B（该句背熟）eventhough,yetitcannotwithwehavebeenbroaduptofearthem.rational有理性的irrational无理性的logical/illogicalreasonable/unreasonablerational/irrationaloutrageous/ridiculousbelikelytodo有可能做某事nolesslikely可能性不大（双重之否定）wearenolesslikelytodosth.（t己熟）2.D3.ACupanddown上上下下/来来回回 around来来回回Clustersofinsectscalledaphidsweretobefoundontheundersideoftheleaves.C 6.A7.Cinspiteof/despite/incontemptof/indisregardofD ittakessb.orsth.sometimetodo.Bcan'thelpdoingsth.=can'tresistdoingsthBuncannyBluscious甘美白delicious修饰食物exotic外来的迅速的：speedy（仓促的）/swift/rapid/fast/quick/speedy/hastyingenuous天真的老实的bytheinventivecreatures善于发明的动物creative/inventiveLesson58Aspotofbother一点小麻烦（记叙文）Vocabularyliftn.电梯elevatormonstrousadj.极大的，可怕的 （个头比较大） monstrousghost可怕的妖怪negligenceadj.粗心大意的（正式） 不可数名词 carelessnessprudentadj.谨慎的discreet/cautious/careful例句：wemustbecarefulotherwisewewouldgetintothetroublebecauseofposuren.镇静沉着calmburglarintrudern.入侵者burglar夜盗lurkv.潜藏 lurkinthedarknesshinderv.妨碍hindersbfromdoingsth./preventsb.fromdoingsth.阻止某人做某事fingerprintn.指纹chaosn.混舌L,无秩序inthestateofchaos杂舌L无序的状态 order/disorderconfusioninconceivableadj.不可思议的conceive（of）构想/Ican'tconceiveofitconceiveof…as把..看作为/Iconceiveofthelifethereasbeautifulpicture.regardas/describeas/imagineas/referto …as/thinkof…asconceivable/inconceivableveritableadj.真正地，地道的collectormagpien.喜欢收藏物品的人 apersonwholiketocollectthingsasamaniaorserioushobbycollectortossv.抛tossacoin/Letustossacointodecide.disgardv.丢弃abandon/desert/forsakegiveupasuseless因为没有用而放弃. desert放弃自己责任 desert/forsake放弃家人disgarduselessthing/disgardAforb把A舍去换Bconstablen.警察balconyn.阳台ransackv.洗劫Therobbersransackthebank.fussyadj.大惊小怪的 小题大做的 Iknowthatboy,heisfussy.（口语中）? 课文讲解aspotofbother:abitofbother ——点/」、麻烦exhausted/tiredout/wornout/wearout筋疲力尽（此句背熟）havingalessontiedmeasmyschoolbaghadgrownheavierwitheverystepofthewayhome.thoughts •••cfiE个心思例句：Ididn'tnoticeuasthatmomentbecausemythoughtswereontheTeXS文book.Yhebeliefthat..apieceofnegligencenegligence不可数 （止匕句背熟）when:atthatmomentover在一周围confusion:chaositwasasclearasthatdaylightthat …例句：he