选修六第三单元知识点课件

LanguagePoints

ReadingLanguagePoints

Reading11．abusen．&vt.滥用；虐待典例:1)

Thebookisabouttheabuseofpower.这本书讲述的是权力的滥用问题。2)他从不滥用特权。Heneverabuseshisprivilege.拓展:

drugabuse

childabuseabuseofpowerabuseone'spower滥用毒品虐待儿童滥用权力滥用某人的权力1．abusen．&vt.滥用；虐待滥用毒品虐待儿童滥用22.Whydoyouthinksomeadolescentsstartsmoking?adolescent/Teenagerbaby/infantchild(British)/kids(American)toddleryouth婴儿年幼的孩子13到19岁的人会走路的小孩男性青年2.Whydoyouthinksomeadoles3Myadolescentlife我的青少年时期adolescence

青春期Theperiodofadolescenceisveryimportantinformingone’scharacter.青春期对人的性格形成是非常重要的。Myadolescentlife我的青少年时期43．Doyouthinksmokingshouldbebanned?你认为应该禁止吸烟吗？ban(1)vt.禁止；取缔政府已经禁止化学武器的使用。(2)n.禁令；谴责(常与on/against连用)Thepoliceliftedthebanagainstparkinginthestreet.Thegovernmenthasbannedtheuseofchemicalweapons.警察取消了不准在这条街停车的禁令。3．Doyouthinksmokingshould5拓展:

bansb.from(doing)sth.

禁止某人做某事运用用合适的介词填空①Hewasbanned________drivingforthreemonthsaftertheaccident.②Thegovernmentannouncedtheban________drink-driving(醉驾)．fromon/against拓展:bansb.from(doing)sth.①H6知识拓展ban...fromdoing禁止……做……lift/removethebanon解禁……place/put...underaban禁止……underaban被禁止；被逐出门选修六第三单元知识点课件74.Ithinkmylongandactivelifemustbe

duetothehealthylifeIlive.due

to

因为;由……引起;由于如:她的缺席是由暴风雨引起的。Herabsencewasduetothestorm.知识拓展:表示因果关系的单词和短语becauseof

介词短语“因为”,较口语化owing

to

介词短语“因为”,较正式thanks

to

介词短语“因为”,“多亏了”asa

result

of

介词短语“因为”asaresult

副词短语“因此”4.Ithinkmylongandactive8选修六第三单元知识点课件95.Ibecameaddictedtocigarettes.become/get/beaddictedtosth./doingsth.表示“对某事/做某事上瘾”,该短语中的to是介词,后接名词或动名词形式。如：孩子们对计算机游戏上了瘾。Thechildrenareaddictedtocomputergames.5.Ibecameaddictedtocigare10addict

vt.(1)使沉溺;嗜好(2)使……成瘾,热衷于addictoneselfto沉溺于,醉心于beaddictedtosth./doingsth.嗜好,热衷Hebecameaddictedtothedrug.他染上了毒瘾。addict

n.(1)上了瘾的人

aworkaddict工作狂filmaddict电影迷(2)吸毒者addiction

n.

沉湎、成瘾addictive

adj.

使人上瘾的addictvt.(1)使沉溺;嗜好(2)使……成瘾11Theparentsfelthelplesswhentheyfoundtheirsonhad____lovestoriesforlong.addictedaddictedtoC.addictedhimselfD.beenaddictedtoDTheparentsfelthelplesswhen126.Thismeansthatafterawhileyoubecomesaccustomedtohavingnicotineinit.

这就是说,过了一段时间以后,你的身体习惯了香烟里的尼古丁。accustom

vt.

使习惯于be/get/becomeaccustomedto习惯于;适应于accustom+n./oneself+to使自己习惯/适应于其中to为介词6.Thismeansthatafterawhi13Theboyhas____________________________Englishinpublic.那孩子已经习惯于在公众面前说英语了。Myeyessoon_______________________________.我的眼睛很快适应了黑暗。Theyhadto____________________________________.他们不得不使自己习惯于炎热的天气。accustomthemselvestothehotweathergrewaccustomedtothedarknessbecomeaccustomedtospeakingTheboyhas__________________14[考例]Accustomedto______thesteepmountain,hehadnodifficultyreachingthetop.(上海2005春)A.climbing B.climbC.havingclimbedD.haveclimbed[点拨]to为介词,后跟动词-ing形式,不能跟现在分词的完成式,故选A。A[考例]Accustomedto______the157．Sowhenthedrugleavesyourbody,yougetwithdrawalsymptoms.所以当你的体内没有这种麻醉剂时，你就会出现脱瘾症状。withdrawaln．收回；撤退；戒毒(或脱瘾)过程Igotwithdrawalsymptomsaftergivingupsmoking.我戒烟之后出现了脱瘾症状。Thecompanymadethewithdrawaloftheproductfromthemarket.公司从市场上收回了这种产品。Hissuddenwithdrawalfromtheelectionsurprisedeveryone.他突然退出选举的行为使每个人都感到惊讶。7．Sowhenthedrugleavesyour168．Iwasaddictedinallthreeways,soitwasverydifficulttoquit.我之所以上瘾是有着这三方面的原因的，所以要戒烟很难。quitvt.停止(做某事)；离开vi.停止；离开；辞职典例:他已经戒烟了。

Hehasquitsmoking.这笔钱是用来帮助吸烟者戒烟的。Themoneyisusedtohelpsmokersquit.拓展quitschool退学quitoffice离职quitdoingsth.(＝stopdoingsth.)

停止做某事bequitofsb./sth.摆脱某人或某物8．Iwasaddictedinallthree17运用:

完成句子①Igavehimmoneyinorderto_____________(摆脱他)．②Iwishyou'dbetter____________(停止说话)．Doctorsaredoingresearchtofindoutwhathappensphysicallywhenpeople______smoking.A.quitB.declineC.departD.reserve解析:根据句意“医生们正在研究以便发现当人们戒烟时,他们身体上将会发生什么情况”选A。decline下降;depart起程;reserve预订。bequitofhimquittalkingA运用:完成句子①Igavehimmoneyino1810．WhenIwasyoung,Ididn'tknowmuchabouttheharmfuleffectsofsmoking.在我年轻的时候，关于吸烟的危害性我知道的并不多。effectn．结果；效力典例:

这种药的药力可持续十二个小时。Theeffectofthismedicinecanlasttwelvehours.拓展:

ineffect事实上

takeeffect生效，奏效come/gointoeffect开始实施bring/put/oeffect使实施，使生效haveagood/badeffectonsth.

对某物有好的(或坏的)影响10．WhenIwasyoung,Idi19运用完成句子①Thedrug______________________(立马见效)thepain.②Thenewtaxregulations_________________(开始实施)lastmonth.③Hetoldushedidn'tlikewatchingfootballmatch;________________(事实上),heisafootballfan.hasanimmediateeffectoncame/wentintoeffectIneffect/fact运用完成句子①Thedrug_____________2011.Ididn’tknow,forexample,thatitcoulddoterribledamagetoyourheartandlungsorthatitwasmoredifficultforsmokingcouplestobecomepregnant.

当初我不知道抽烟能严重侵害人的心脏和肺部,也不知道吸烟的夫妇生育能力会下降。解析:该句是一个包含两个宾语从句的主从复合句。11.Ididn’tknow,forexample21主句为Ididn’tknow。两个宾语从句分别为itcoulddoterribledamagetoyourheartandlungs和itwasmoredifficultforsmokingcouplestobecomepregnant,“or”连接这两个宾语从句,意为“也不(知道)”。Idon’tknow...or...这个句型译为“我不知道……,也不知道……”。如:Idon’tknowwheretogoorwhattodo.我不知道去哪里也不知道干什么。主句为Ididn’tknow。两个宾语从句分别为2212．strengthenvt．加强；巩固；使坚强vi.变强这些训练目的在于增强你的腹部肌肉。Theexercisesaredesignedtostrengthenyourstomachmuscles.知识拓展动词strengthen是名词strength加后缀­en转化而来的，常见的由名词或形容词加后缀­en转化而来的动词还有：brighten(使)明亮；fatten(使)发胖；harden(使)变硬；soften(使)变软；sharpen(使)变尖锐；sweeten(使)变甜；widen(使)变宽12．strengthenvt．加强；巩固；使坚强vi.23比较:strength,energy,force,power这些名词均有“力”之意。(1)strength指机体内部的能力，是依靠身体组织而存在的力，经使用就变为force。它尤其指承受重物的力量。Forasmallwomanshehassurprisingstrength.她个子虽小但力大惊人。(2)energy用于人时，指工作时焕发出的精力或干劲。Hisworkseemedtolackenergy.他工作似乎缺乏干劲。比较:strength,energy,force,po24(3)force尤指人或物撞击或推物体时所用的力。Hediditwithagreatforce.他用了很大的力才把它做完了。(4)power可以用来指人体某部位的力量，但一般不用来指搬动或握、托、支撑重物的力量。从物理学意义上讲，power更多指机械、爆炸或大自然的力量。Therewasalotofpowerbehindthatblow.那一击的力量很大。(3)force尤指人或物撞击或推物体时所用的力。2513．Decideonadaytoquit.确定一个开始戒烟的日子。decideon/upon对……作出决定典例:

不要过于匆忙地对重要的事情作出决定。Don'tdecideon/uponimportantmatterstooquickly.拓展:

decidetodosth.决定做某事decideagainststh./doingsth.决定不做某事decidethat-clause决定……运用:

完成句子①Shehas________________(对……作出决定)artasacareer.②I________________(决定去旅行)toanothercity.decidedon/upondecidetotravel13．Decideonadaytoquit.dec2614．Everytimeyoufeellikesmokingacigarette,remindyourselfthatyouareanon-smoker.每当你想要吸烟的时候，就提醒你自己：你已经是一个不吸烟的人了。feellike(doing)想要(做)……典例:

我今天想做点别的事情。你想来杯咖啡吗？拓展:

wouldliketodosth.想要做某事prefertodosth.更喜欢做某事enjoydoingsth.喜欢做某事liketodo/doingsth.喜欢做某事Ifeellikedoingsomethingdifferenttoday.Doyoufeellikeacupofcoffee?14．Everytimeyoufeellikesm2715．desperateadj．绝望的；拼命的;渴望的①Hewasdesperatewhenhelostallhismoney.当他丢了所有钱时，他绝望了。②Iwasabsolutelydesperatetolearnpainting.我非常渴望学画画。③Hetookadeepbreath,desperatelytryingtokeepcalm.他深深地吸了一口气，极力保持镇静。知识拓展：bedesperatefor...对……极度渴望的bedesperatetodo非常愿意干……desperatelyadv．拼命地desperationn．绝望；拼命15．desperateadj．绝望的；拼命的;渴望的2816．Donotbedisappointedifyouhavetotryseveraltimesbeforeyoufinallystopsmoking.如果你要经过多次戒烟才能最后把它戒掉，不要感到失望。disappointedadj.失望的；沮丧的典例：我不是泄气，而是失望。

Iwasmoredisappointedthandiscouraged.拓展：bedisappointedtodosth.对做某事感到失望

bedisappointedat/about/withsth.对某事感到失望

bedisappointedthat-clause对……失望运用：完成句子①Tomwasn't_______________________(对听到……感到失望)thenews.②WhenI___________________(感到沮丧),Ioftenlistentomusic.disappointedtohearfeeldisappointed16．Donotbedisappointedify2917．Ifyouweakenandhaveacigarette,donotfeelashamed.如果你意志薄弱而又吸烟了，也不要觉得难为情。ashamedadj.感到惭愧或羞耻的典例:

你应该为自己感到羞耻！Youshouldbeashamedofyourself!

拓展:

beashamedof(doing)sth.对某事感到羞愧beashamedtodosth.为做某事而感到羞愧beashamedthat-clause对……感到羞耻运用:

完成句子①Shewas________________(羞愧于告诉)hermotherthatshehadfailedtheexam.②Iwas________________(对……感到羞愧)mybehavioratthattime.ashamedtotellashamedof17．Ifyouweakenandhave30LanguagePoints

learningaboutlanguageLanguagePoints

learningabout311．Inspiteofallhiseffortshefailed.尽管很努力，他还是失败了。[归纳拓展]inspiteof

尽管，虽然inspiteof＝despite，后面跟名词，代词或动名词，不能跟从句。although＝though，尽管，虽然。引导让步状语从句。as有时也引导让步状语从句，但要用部分倒装语序，即：表语/状语/谓语＋as＋主语＋谓语1．Inspiteofallhisefforts321、尽管有喧闹声也要设法睡着。(inspiteof)Trytosleepinspiteofthenoise.2、尽管她穷，但她决不向别人低头。(although)Though/Althoughsheispoor，shenevergivesintoothers.3、尽管这事似乎很奇怪，可是是真的。(as)Strangeasitmayseem，itistrue.4、—Theweatheristoobad.—________thebadweather，Istilltrymybesttomeetmyfriendasplanned.A.InspiteofB.AswellC.HoweverD.AlthoughA1、尽管有喧闹声也要设法睡着。(inspiteof)A332．Hefelthehadtomakeuphismindoneverystepinsteadoftakingrisks.他觉得每一步都要下定决心，而不是冒险。[归纳拓展]riskn．危险；风险

atone’sownrisk自担风险atrisk在危险中attheriskof冒……风险takearisk(risks)冒风险taketheriskofdoingsth冒……风险riskv.冒……风险riskdoingsth.冒险做某事2．Hefelthehadtomakeuphi341、你可以使用它，但你要责任自负。Youcanuseit，butit’satyourownrisk.2、她没有去，因为她不想冒再撞见尼尔的风险。Shedidn’tgo，becauseshedidn’twanttorun/taketheriskofseeingNeilagain.3、她冒生命危险去抢救那个溺水的儿童。Sheriskedherlifetryingtosavethedrowningchild.1、你可以使用它，但你要责任自负。354、Heleftwithoutanumbrella_____inarain.A．riskedgettingcaughtB．riskinggettingcaughtC．torisktogetcaughtD．riskingtogetcaught5、Ifyoudaretotake________riskofnotwearingaseatbelt，youareat________risk.A．the；/B．/；/C．/；theD．the；theBA4、Heleftwithoutanumbrella_363．Ofcoursethebestwaytodealwiththesedrugsisnottogetintothehabitinthefirstplace.当然，对付这些药品的最好方法是从最初就别开始。[归纳拓展]getinto进入，陷于，染上(习惯)常用短语：getintotrouble/difficulties惹上麻烦getintodebt负债累累getintoatemper大发脾气getintodeepwater陷于困境getintothehabit/wayof养成习惯，习惯于3．Ofcoursethebestwaytode374．illegaladj.不合法的，违法的他承认他是非法移民。Headmittedthathewasanillegalimmigrant.未经允许看别人的私人信件是不合法的。It'sillegaltoreadpeople'sprivateletterswithoutpermission.拓展：Itisillegal(forsb)todosth(某人)做…是违法的legal

adj.合法的；法律的

为什么我就不该放假？那是完全合法的。Whyshouldn'tItakeaholiday?It'sperfectlylegal.4．illegaladj.不合法的，违法的38LanguagePoints

UsinglanguageLanguagePoints

Usinglanguage391.survivaln.幸存；幸存者医生说他有50%的生存机会。Hisdoctorsaidhehada50­50chanceofsurvival.知识拓展(1)fight/struggleforsurvivalsurvivalofthefittest(2)survivevt.&vi.

surviveonsth.(3)survivorn.

为生存而斗争适者生存生还；残存；比……活得长仅靠……维持生计生存者；残存者；幸存者1.survivaln.幸存；幸存者为生存而斗争适者生存402．judgementn.看法；判决；判断短语：在……看来对……做出判断按我的看法，我们应该做这件事。Inmyjudgement,weshoulddoit.他拒绝对形势作出评价。Herefusedtomakeajudgementaboutthesituation.inone'sjudgement

makeajudgementabout2．judgementn.看法；判决；判断inone'41(2)judgen.法官，裁判v.断定，判断，审判judge...by根据……判断judgingfrom/by根据……判断不要以貌取人。Don'tjudgeamanbyhislooks.从外表来看，他一定是一位专家。Judgingbyhisappearance,hemustbeanexpert.(2)judgen.法官，裁判423．embarrassedadj.尴尬的，窘迫的；陷入困境的她因自己的身高而困窘。She'sembarrassedaboutherheight.拓展：embarrassvt.使尴尬；使窘迫；使不安

embarrassingadj.令人尴尬的；令人难堪的

embarrassment

n.尴尬；难堪；窘迫在众人面前演说时，我总觉得很窘迫。Makingspeechesinpublicalwaysembarrassesme.3．embarrassedadj.尴尬的，窘迫的；陷入困43活学活用用embarrassed的适当形式填空(1)Itwasso________havingtosinginpublic.(2)Muchtoher________sherealizedthateverybodyhadbeenlisteningtohersinging.(3)Helooked________whenIaskedhimwherehe'dbeen.答案：

(2)embarrassment

(1)embarrassing

(3)embarrassed活学活用(2)embarrassment(1)embar444．awkwardadj.局促不安的；笨拙的在正式的舞会上，我感到局促不安，很不自在。AttheformalpartyIfeltveryawkwardandoutofplace.孩子们喜欢嘲笑笨拙的同龄人。Thechildrenlikedtolaughattheirawkwardpeers.拓展：awkwardlyadv.局促不安地；笨拙地4．awkwardadj.局促不安的；笨拙的adv.局451、makesure确定；确信；查明；弄清楚①你最好确保将这封信在今天晚上寄出去。You'dbettermakesurethattheletterleavestonight.②你必须把时间和地点弄清楚。Youmustmakesureofthetimeandplace.注意：makesure后一般不接不定式作宾语，后接名词时需加介词of/about；后接从句时，使用一般现在时态表示将来。1、makesure确定；确信；查明；弄清楚46选修六第三单元知识点课件47重点句型1.ItisonlywhenthediseasehasprogressedtoAIDSthatapersonbeginstolooksick.只有当这种病毒发展成艾滋病时,人才会显出病态.本句是强调句，强调了状语从句onlywhenthediseasehasprogressedtoAIDS。强调句型的结构：Itis/was＋被强调部分＋that/who＋句子的其余部分。重点句型482．YoucanhaveHIVinyourbloodforalongtime,buteventuallyHIVwilldamageyourimmunesystemsomuchthatyourbodycannolongerfightdisease.这是一个由but连接的并列句。在第二个分句中，含有so...that...引导的结果状语从句，“如此……以至于……”。其中so后可接形容词或副词以及由many,much,few,little修饰的名词也可用来修饰带形容词的可数名词单数形式，即“so＋adj.＋a/an＋可数名词单数”。2．YoucanhaveHIVinyourblo49①这箱子如此重，我举不起来。TheboxissoheavythatIcan'tliftit.②我摔了好多次跤，浑身青一块紫一块的。I'vehadsomanyfallsthatI'mblackandblueallover.③汤姆是个很诚实的孩子，从不说谎。Tomissohonestaboythathenevertellsalie.①这箱子如此重，我举不起来。50知识拓展：天气非常好，我们决定在沙滩上度过这一天。Itwassuchlovelyweatherthatwedecidedtospendthedayonthebeach.知识拓展：天气非常好，我们决定在沙滩上度过这一天。51如果把so＋adj./adv.放于句首，主句应使用部分倒装。他跑得太快了，我们赶不上他。Sofastdidherunthatwecouldn'tcatchupwithhim.选词填空(so/such)：(1)Hemakes________littlemoneyeverymonththathehastoliveasimplelife.(2)Jackis________akindboythatweallliketomakefriendswithhim.

sosuch如果把so＋adj./adv.放于句首，主句应使用部分sos52ThankYou!ThankYou!53LanguagePoints

ReadingLanguagePoints

Reading541．abusen．&vt.滥用；虐待典例:1)

Thebookisabouttheabuseofpower.这本书讲述的是权力的滥用问题。2)他从不滥用特权。Heneverabuseshisprivilege.拓展:

drugabuse

childabuseabuseofpowerabuseone'spower滥用毒品虐待儿童滥用权力滥用某人的权力1．abusen．&vt.滥用；虐待滥用毒品虐待儿童滥用552.Whydoyouthinksomeadolescentsstartsmoking?adolescent/Teenagerbaby/infantchild(British)/kids(American)toddleryouth婴儿年幼的孩子13到19岁的人会走路的小孩男性青年2.Whydoyouthinksomeadoles56Myadolescentlife我的青少年时期adolescence

青春期Theperiodofadolescenceisveryimportantinformingone’scharacter.青春期对人的性格形成是非常重要的。Myadolescentlife我的青少年时期573．Doyouthinksmokingshouldbebanned?你认为应该禁止吸烟吗？ban(1)vt.禁止；取缔政府已经禁止化学武器的使用。(2)n.禁令；谴责(常与on/against连用)Thepoliceliftedthebanagainstparkinginthestreet.Thegovernmenthasbannedtheuseofchemicalweapons.警察取消了不准在这条街停车的禁令。3．Doyouthinksmokingshould58拓展:

bansb.from(doing)sth.

禁止某人做某事运用用合适的介词填空①Hewasbanned________drivingforthreemonthsaftertheaccident.②Thegovernmentannouncedtheban________drink-driving(醉驾)．fromon/against拓展:bansb.from(doing)sth.①H59知识拓展ban...fromdoing禁止……做……lift/removethebanon解禁……place/put...underaban禁止……underaban被禁止；被逐出门选修六第三单元知识点课件604.Ithinkmylongandactivelifemustbe

duetothehealthylifeIlive.due

to

因为;由……引起;由于如:她的缺席是由暴风雨引起的。Herabsencewasduetothestorm.知识拓展:表示因果关系的单词和短语becauseof

介词短语“因为”,较口语化owing

to

介词短语“因为”,较正式thanks

to

介词短语“因为”,“多亏了”asa

result

of

介词短语“因为”asaresult

副词短语“因此”4.Ithinkmylongandactive61选修六第三单元知识点课件625.Ibecameaddictedtocigarettes.become/get/beaddictedtosth./doingsth.表示“对某事/做某事上瘾”,该短语中的to是介词,后接名词或动名词形式。如：孩子们对计算机游戏上了瘾。Thechildrenareaddictedtocomputergames.5.Ibecameaddictedtocigare63addict

vt.(1)使沉溺;嗜好(2)使……成瘾,热衷于addictoneselfto沉溺于,醉心于beaddictedtosth./doingsth.嗜好,热衷Hebecameaddictedtothedrug.他染上了毒瘾。addict

n.(1)上了瘾的人

aworkaddict工作狂filmaddict电影迷(2)吸毒者addiction

n.

沉湎、成瘾addictive

adj.

使人上瘾的addictvt.(1)使沉溺;嗜好(2)使……成瘾64Theparentsfelthelplesswhentheyfoundtheirsonhad____lovestoriesforlong.addictedaddictedtoC.addictedhimselfD.beenaddictedtoDTheparentsfelthelplesswhen656.Thismeansthatafterawhileyoubecomesaccustomedtohavingnicotineinit.

这就是说,过了一段时间以后,你的身体习惯了香烟里的尼古丁。accustom

vt.

使习惯于be/get/becomeaccustomedto习惯于;适应于accustom+n./oneself+to使自己习惯/适应于其中to为介词6.Thismeansthatafterawhi66Theboyhas____________________________Englishinpublic.那孩子已经习惯于在公众面前说英语了。Myeyessoon_______________________________.我的眼睛很快适应了黑暗。Theyhadto____________________________________.他们不得不使自己习惯于炎热的天气。accustomthemselvestothehotweathergrewaccustomedtothedarknessbecomeaccustomedtospeakingTheboyhas__________________67[考例]Accustomedto______thesteepmountain,hehadnodifficultyreachingthetop.(上海2005春)A.climbing B.climbC.havingclimbedD.haveclimbed[点拨]to为介词,后跟动词-ing形式,不能跟现在分词的完成式,故选A。A[考例]Accustomedto______the687．Sowhenthedrugleavesyourbody,yougetwithdrawalsymptoms.所以当你的体内没有这种麻醉剂时，你就会出现脱瘾症状。withdrawaln．收回；撤退；戒毒(或脱瘾)过程Igotwithdrawalsymptomsaftergivingupsmoking.我戒烟之后出现了脱瘾症状。Thecompanymadethewithdrawaloftheproductfromthemarket.公司从市场上收回了这种产品。Hissuddenwithdrawalfromtheelectionsurprisedeveryone.他突然退出选举的行为使每个人都感到惊讶。7．Sowhenthedrugleavesyour698．Iwasaddictedinallthreeways,soitwasverydifficulttoquit.我之所以上瘾是有着这三方面的原因的，所以要戒烟很难。quitvt.停止(做某事)；离开vi.停止；离开；辞职典例:他已经戒烟了。

Hehasquitsmoking.这笔钱是用来帮助吸烟者戒烟的。Themoneyisusedtohelpsmokersquit.拓展quitschool退学quitoffice离职quitdoingsth.(＝stopdoingsth.)

停止做某事bequitofsb./sth.摆脱某人或某物8．Iwasaddictedinallthree70运用:

完成句子①Igavehimmoneyinorderto_____________(摆脱他)．②Iwishyou'dbetter____________(停止说话)．Doctorsaredoingresearchtofindoutwhathappensphysicallywhenpeople______smoking.A.quitB.declineC.departD.reserve解析:根据句意“医生们正在研究以便发现当人们戒烟时,他们身体上将会发生什么情况”选A。decline下降;depart起程;reserve预订。bequitofhimquittalkingA运用:完成句子①Igavehimmoneyino7110．WhenIwasyoung,Ididn'tknowmuchabouttheharmfuleffectsofsmoking.在我年轻的时候，关于吸烟的危害性我知道的并不多。effectn．结果；效力典例:

这种药的药力可持续十二个小时。Theeffectofthismedicinecanlasttwelvehours.拓展:

ineffect事实上

takeeffect生效，奏效come/gointoeffect开始实施bring/put/oeffect使实施，使生效haveagood/badeffectonsth.

对某物有好的(或坏的)影响10．WhenIwasyoung,Idi72运用完成句子①Thedrug______________________(立马见效)thepain.②Thenewtaxregulations_________________(开始实施)lastmonth.③Hetoldushedidn'tlikewatchingfootballmatch;________________(事实上),heisafootballfan.hasanimmediateeffectoncame/wentintoeffectIneffect/fact运用完成句子①Thedrug_____________7311.Ididn’tknow,forexample,thatitcoulddoterribledamagetoyourheartandlungsorthatitwasmoredifficultforsmokingcouplestobecomepregnant.

当初我不知道抽烟能严重侵害人的心脏和肺部,也不知道吸烟的夫妇生育能力会下降。解析:该句是一个包含两个宾语从句的主从复合句。11.Ididn’tknow,forexample74主句为Ididn’tknow。两个宾语从句分别为itcoulddoterribledamagetoyourheartandlungs和itwasmoredifficultforsmokingcouplestobecomepregnant,“or”连接这两个宾语从句,意为“也不(知道)”。Idon’tknow...or...这个句型译为“我不知道……,也不知道……”。如:Idon’tknowwheretogoorwhattodo.我不知道去哪里也不知道干什么。主句为Ididn’tknow。两个宾语从句分别为7512．strengthenvt．加强；巩固；使坚强vi.变强这些训练目的在于增强你的腹部肌肉。Theexercisesaredesignedtostrengthenyourstomachmuscles.知识拓展动词strengthen是名词strength加后缀­en转化而来的，常见的由名词或形容词加后缀­en转化而来的动词还有：brighten(使)明亮；fatten(使)发胖；harden(使)变硬；soften(使)变软；sharpen(使)变尖锐；sweeten(使)变甜；widen(使)变宽12．strengthenvt．加强；巩固；使坚强vi.76比较:strength,energy,force,power这些名词均有“力”之意。(1)strength指机体内部的能力，是依靠身体组织而存在的力，经使用就变为force。它尤其指承受重物的力量。Forasmallwomanshehassurprisingstrength.她个子虽小但力大惊人。(2)energy用于人时，指工作时焕发出的精力或干劲。Hisworkseemedtolackenergy.他工作似乎缺乏干劲。比较:strength,energy,force,po77(3)force尤指人或物撞击或推物体时所用的力。Hediditwithagreatforce.他用了很大的力才把它做完了。(4)power可以用来指人体某部位的力量，但一般不用来指搬动或握、托、支撑重物的力量。从物理学意义上讲，power更多指机械、爆炸或大自然的力量。Therewasalotofpowerbehindthatblow.那一击的力量很大。(3)force尤指人或物撞击或推物体时所用的力。7813．Decideonadaytoquit.确定一个开始戒烟的日子。decideon/upon对……作出决定典例:

不要过于匆忙地对重要的事情作出决定。Don'tdecideon/uponimportantmatterstooquickly.拓展:

decidetodosth.决定做某事decideagainststh./doingsth.决定不做某事decidethat-clause决定……运用:

完成句子①Shehas________________(对……作出决定)artasacareer.②I________________(决定去旅行)toanothercity.decidedon/upondecidetotravel13．Decideonadaytoquit.dec7914．Everytimeyoufeellikesmokingacigarette,remindyourselfthatyouareanon-smoker.每当你想要吸烟的时候，就提醒你自己：你已经是一个不吸烟的人了。feellike(doing)想要(做)……典例:

我今天想做点别的事情。你想来杯咖啡吗？拓展:

wouldliketodosth.想要做某事prefertodosth.更喜欢做某事enjoydoingsth.喜欢做某事liketodo/doingsth.喜欢做某事Ifeellikedoingsomethingdifferenttoday.Doyoufeellikeacupofcoffee?14．Everytimeyoufeellikesm8015．desperateadj．绝望的；拼命的;渴望的①Hewasdesperatewhenhelostallhismoney.当他丢了所有钱时，他绝望了。②Iwasabsolutelydesperatetolearnpainting.我非常渴望学画画。③Hetookadeepbreath,desperatelytryingtokeepcalm.他深深地吸了一口气，极力保持镇静。知识拓展：bedesperatefor...对……极度渴望的bedesperatetodo非常愿意干……desperatelyadv．拼命地desperationn．绝望；拼命15．desperateadj．绝望的；拼命的;渴望的8116．Donotbedisappointedifyouhavetotryseveraltimesbeforeyoufinallystopsmoking.如果你要经过多次戒烟才能最后把它戒掉，不要感到失望。disappointedadj.失望的；沮丧的典例：我不是泄气，而是失望。

Iwasmoredisappointedthandiscouraged.拓展：bedisappointedtodosth.对做某事感到失望

bedisappointedat/about/withsth.对某事感到失望

bedisappointedthat-clause对……失望运用：完成句子①Tomwasn't_______________________(对听到……感到失望)thenews.②WhenI___________________(感到沮丧),Ioftenlistentomusic.disappointedtohearfeeldisappointed16．Donotbedisappointedify8217．Ifyouweakenandhaveacigarette,donotfeelashamed.如果你意志薄弱而又吸烟了，也不要觉得难为情。ashamedadj.感到惭愧或羞耻的典例:

你应该为自己感到羞耻！Youshouldbeashamedofyourself!

拓展:

beashamedof(doing)sth.对某事感到羞愧beashamedtodosth.为做某事而感到羞愧beashamedthat-clause对……感到羞耻运用:

完成句子①Shewas________________(羞愧于告诉)hermotherthatshehadfailedtheexam.②Iwas________________(对……感到羞愧)mybehavioratthattime.ashamedtotellashamedof17．Ifyouweakenandhave83LanguagePoints

learningaboutlanguageLanguagePoints

learningabout841．Inspiteofallhiseffortshefailed.尽管很努力，他还是失败了。[归纳拓展]inspiteof

尽管，虽然inspiteof＝despite，后面跟名词，代词或动名词，不能跟从句。although＝though，尽管，虽然。引导让步状语从句。as有时也引导让步状语从句，但要用部分倒装语序，即：表语/状语/谓语＋as＋主语＋谓语1．Inspiteofallhisefforts851、尽管有喧闹声也要设法睡着。(inspiteof)Trytosleepinspiteofthenoise.2、尽管她穷，但她决不向别人低头。(although)Though/Althoughsheispoor，shenevergivesintoothers.3、尽管这事似乎很奇怪，可是是真的。(as)Strangeasitmayseem，itistrue.4、—Theweatheristoobad.—________thebadweather，Istilltrymybesttomeetmyfriendasplanned.A.InspiteofB.AswellC.HoweverD.AlthoughA1、尽管有喧闹声也要设法睡着。(inspiteof)A862．Hefelthehadtomakeuphismindoneverystepinsteadoftakingrisks.他觉得每一步都要下定决心，而不是冒险。[归纳拓展]riskn．危险；风险

atone’sownrisk自担风险atrisk在危险中attheriskof冒……风险takearisk(risks)冒风险taketheriskofdoingsth冒……风险riskv.冒……风险riskdoingsth.冒险做某事2．Hefelthehadtomakeuphi871、你可以使用它，但你要责任自负。Youcanuseit，butit’satyourownrisk.2、她没有去，因为她不想冒再撞见尼尔的风险。Shedidn’tgo，becauseshedidn’twanttorun/taketheriskofseeingNeilagain.3、她冒生命危险去抢救那个溺水的儿童。Sheriskedherlifetryingtosavethedrowningchild.1、你可以使用它，但你要责任自负。884、Heleftwithoutanumbrella_____inarain.A．riskedgettingcaughtB．riskinggettingcaughtC．torisktogetcaughtD．riskingtogetcaught5、Ifyoudaretotake________riskofnotwearingaseatbelt，youareat________risk.A．the；/B．/；/C．/；theD．the；theBA4、Heleftwithoutanumbrella_893．Ofcoursethebestwaytodealwiththesedrugsisnottogetintothehabitinthefirstplace.当然，对付这些药品的最好方法是从最初就别开始。[归纳拓展]getinto进入，陷于，染上(习惯)常用短语：getintotrouble/difficulties惹上麻烦getintodebt负债累累getintoatemper大发脾气getintodeepwater陷于困境getintothehabit/wayof养成习惯，习惯于3．Ofcoursethebestwaytode904．illegaladj.不合法的，违法的他承认他是非法移民。Headmittedthathewasanillegalimmigrant.未经允许看别人的私人信件是不合法的。It'sillegaltoreadpeople'sprivateletterswithoutpermission.拓展：Itisillegal(forsb)todosth(某人)做…是违法的legal

adj.合法的；法律的

为什么我就不该放假？那是完全合法的。Whyshouldn'tItakeaholiday?It'