英语跨文化交际实用教程Unit1市公开课金奖市赛课一等奖课件

InterculturalCommunication

跨文化交际实用教程APracticalCoursebookCultureisaBridge.第1页Unit1

AnIntroduction

第2页ObjectivesLearnthepurposeoflearningthecourse.LearnthenotionsofCulture,CommunicationandInterculturalCommunication.LearnthedifferencesbetweenChineseandWesterncultures第3页

CONTENTSI.Warm-upCasesII.WhatIsCulture,CommunicationandInterculturalCommunication?III.TheDifferencesbetweenChineseandWesternCulturesIV.SummaryV.Assignments第4页I.Warm-upCasesPleasediscussthecasesingroupsandmakeacommentonit.Case1:ShowingConcernInChina:XiaoLi(aninterpreter):Youmustbeverytired.You’reold…Catherine(anelderlyAmericanlady):Oh,I’mNOTold,andI’mNOTtired.

第5页CommentWhattheinterpretersaidisquitecourteousinChina.Itmeans,“Ifyouaretired,wecantakealittlerest,sinceyouaregettingoninyears.”Theinterpretergavetheimpressionthathethoughttheelderlyladywouldcollapseanyminuteifshedoesn’trestimmediately.第6页CommentIntheWest,thereisavalueplacedinbeingyoungthatmanypeopleconsciously,orsubconsciously,arenotwillingtoacceptthattheyaregrowingold.IntheWest:A:Howareyoudoingnow?Wouldyouliketorest?B:No,notabit.第7页Thewayofshowingconcernisdifferent.InChinaIntheWeststatementquestionVS

must

howwould第8页Case2FirstOffer

ACanadiancolleagueandItraveledtoGuilinwithouradmirableguideHepingLiuinveryhotweather.Sightseeingisathirstybusiness.Wedidnottrustthewater,andenjoyedexcellentbeer.WepolitelyofferedsometoHepingbutherefused.Wesaidnothinganddrankourbeer,whilepoorHepingwatched.Onanotherday,Hepingquicklyacceptedourofferofbeer.QuestionsfordiscussionInyourdailylife,doyouoftenacceptfirstoffer?Ifyes,inwhatsituation?第9页CommentFirstofferChinesewesternersModestPolitewell-behavedsecondorthirdofferReligiousreasonsReformedalcoholicAllergic第10页I.WhytakeInterculturalCommunication?Discussion第11页

Peoplearedifferentthroughouttheworld,culturally,religiously,ideologically

[,aidiə'lɔdʒikali](思想上；意识形态上)

andracially,actuallydifferentinalmosteveryaspect,thereforewearesupposedtoknowabouttheirdifferencesasmuchaspossible,justforasmoothcommunicationamongtheHomosapiens(当代人),thepeopleintheglobalvillage.YouwillmakeitbycomingtoInterculturalCommunication.WhytakeInterculturalCommunication?第12页

ThePurpose

Thegeneralpurposeofthiscourseistounderstandthewaysinwhichcultureinterrelateswithandeffectscommunicationprocesses.Interculturallearninginvolvesaffectiveandbehavioralprocesses,aswellascognitiveones.Throughoutthiscourse,youwillhavetheopportunitytogainknowledge,skillsandattitudesthatwillincreaseyourinterculturalcommunicationcompetence.

第13页

TheObjectives

1)Toexploreculturalself-awareness,othercultureawarenessandthedynamicsthatariseininteractionsbetweenthetwo.

2)Tounderstandhowcommunicationprocessesdifferamongcultures.3)Toidentifychallengesthatarisefromthesedifferencesininterculturalinteractionsandlearnwaystocreativelyaddressthem.第14页4)Toacquireknowledgeanddevelopskillsthatincreaseinterculturalcompetence.5)TohaveanunderstandingofthemeaningoftheculturesunderstoodbythewesternersandtheeasternersortheChineseandAmericans.第15页16

TheReasonsDevelopmentofScience&TechnologyGlobalizationofEconomyWidespreadImmigrationDevelopmentofMulticulturalismInternationalCommunicationInterracialCommunicationInterethnicCommunicationorminoritycommunication

第16页II.WhatIsCulture?第17页1.DefineculturesyourselfPleasewritedownwhatevercomestoyourmindwhenyouhearorthinkofculture.Next,trytofigureouthowtheyarerelatedtoculture.第18页2.DefinitionsofCulture1)Cultureisthetotalwayoflifethatagroupofpeopleshares.2)Cultureisasystemofsharedbeliefs,values,customs,behaviors,andartifactsthatthemembersofasocietyusetocopewiththeirworldandwithoneanother,andthataretransmittedfromgenerationtogenerationthroughlearning.第19页

3)CultureisanIntegratedsystemoflearnedbehaviorpatternswhicharecharacteristicofthemembersofasocietyandwhicharenottheresultofbiologicalinheritance.4)Cultureisthedepositofknowledge,experience,beliefs,values,actions,attitudes,meanings,hierarchies,religion,notionsoftime,roles,spatialrelations,conceptsoftheuniverse,andartifactsacquiredbyagroupofpeopleinthecourseofgenerationsthroughindividualandgroupstriving(努力,奋斗

).

第20页5)Cultureisthetotalaccumulationofbeliefs,customs,values,behaviors,institutionsandcommunicationpatternsthatareshared,learnedandpasseddownthroughthegenerationsinanidentifiablegroupofpeople.第21页3.ElementsofCulture第22页4.ThreeIngredientsofCultureartifactsconcepts(beliefs,values,worldviews…)behaviore.g.Whereasthemoneyisconsideredanartifact,thenvalueplacedonitisaconcept,theactualspendingandsavingofthemoneyisbehavior.

第23页5.CharacteristicsofCultureCultureisshared.

2)

Cultureislearned.

3)Cultureisbasedonsymbols.

4)Cultureisintegrated.

5)Cultureissubjectivetochange.

Cultureisethnocentric[,eθnəu'sentrik](民族中心主义;种族优越感)

.7)Cultureisadaptive.第24页

III.WhatIsCommunicationCanyougivesomeexamplestoexplainthewordcommunication?

Whatiscommunication?第25页1.DefinitionofCommunication

Generallyspeaking,communicationcanbedefinedas

adynamic,symbolic,transactionalandcontextualprocessinwhichpeoplecreatesharedmeaningsormessages.第26页2.BasicaspectstoCommunicationOurindividualpersonalityThecultureweoperateinThephysicalenvironmentthatsurroundsussuccessfulcommunicationcircumstancesbackground,knowledgeexperiences第27页IV.WhatIsInterculturalCommunication?第28页1.InterculturalCommunicationDefinedInterculturalCommunicationmeanstheexchangeorcommunicationbetweenpeoplewhohavedifferentculturalbackgrounds.

第29页2.ModelofInterculturalCommunication30第30页Themoresimilaritiestwoculturesshare,thelessinfluenceculturewillhaveoncommunication.Therefore,thelessmessageswillbechangedduringcommunication.Thelesstheculturesarealike,thegreatertheinfluenceofcultureoncommunicationwillbe,andthemorelikelythemessageswillbechanged.Misunderstandingininterculturalcommunicationoftenariseshere.第31页SupposeCultureA:ChinesecultureCultureB:JapanesecultureCultureC:Americanculture第32页3.BarriersinInterculturalCommunicationLanguagedifferencesNonverbalcommunicationStereotypes(陈规,成见)CulturalbiasonjudgmentsHighlevelofstress第33页V.TheDifferencesbetweenChineseandWesternCultures第34页1.TheattitudesbyforeignerstowardsChinesePeopleSavingFace

Hardworking

Formal第35页TheattitudesbyforeignerstowardsChinesePeopleInsensitivetotime

Tendingtomisunderstand

Beatingaboutthebush第36页TheattitudesbyforeignerstowardsChinesePeopleObeybutnotFollow

BeingdoubtfulBeatingcontent第37页TheattitudesbyforeignerstowardsChinesePeopleNeverkissedparents

Shanzaieverywhere第38页2.TheattitudesbyChinesetowardsWesternersKissandhuganytimeandanywhere

GoingDutch第39页TheattitudesbyChinesetowardsWesternersBeingpunctual

Mindyourownbusiness

Toofrank第40页41

CC:Manisanintegralpartofnature,complywiththewishesofnature.

(天人合一，顺天应物)

WC:Manisseparatefromnature,trytoconquerthenature.

(天人相分，征服自然)３．ManandNation第41页42

CC:Familyethnicsfirst(家族伦理本位)

WC:Individualsfirst

（个人本位）

ConceptionofFamily第42页43

CC:BelieveinharmonyandtheDoctrineoftheMean.

贵和尚中。

WC:Trustinthespiritofreasons.

理性精神。

ManandMan第43页44４．ThewayoflifeIndividualvsGroup第44页45ThewayofmakingcommentsDirectvsIndirect第45页46

PunctualityOntimevsLate第46页47PersonalRelationshipSimplevsComplex第47页48Standinginaqueue

LinevsFan第48页49WalkinginastreetonweekendsAfewvsacrowd第49页50TimeforashowerInthemorningvsintheevening第50页51DailylifeofoldpeopleWithadogvswithachild第51页52VoiceoftalkinginpublicLowvshigh第52页53IdeaofoneselfIndividual-centeredvsgroup-centered第53页54LeadershipEqualvspower第54页Western:small,intimatefamily,retirementhome,theoldareseparated,childrenleaveearly;beingindependentandlookafterthemselves.Parentsneverinterferewiththeirchildrenaffairswhentheyareoldenough.Family第55页Oldseparated

Youngindependent第56页AphotoofafarmfamilyAphotoofBaJin’sFamily第57页

western:performanceoriented,littlerote(死记硬背)

memory,abilitytosolveproblems;practicalcompetenceofrunningabusinessismoreimportant.Education第58页Eastern:experienceoriented,muchmemorization,themoreexperiencedyouare,themorepopularyouwillbe;youwillberegardedwell-educatedifyoucanrecitesomeancientpoems.第59页TheUSstudentsinclass第60页TheChinesestudentsinclass第61页Western:,timeorientedrelationships(work,freetime),makeanappointmentbeforeyougotoseeanyone,noappointment,nobusiness.Lawsuperiortofriendshipandkinsfolk.AttitudesandIdeas

Eastern:personorientedrelationships(hospitality),friendshipiseverything,superiortolaw第62页Colors

Notwolanguagesareeversufficientlysimilartobeconsideredasreprintingthesamesocialreality.Theworldsinwhichdifferentsocietieslivearedistinctworlds,notmerelythesameworldwithdifferentlabelsattached.

第63页Aweddingceremony第64页AWeddingCeremony

Afuneral第65页

Redpaperbagcontainingmoneyasagift

第66页

Theredcarpet:layouttheredcarpet

第67页

Aredcardfortheirmarriage;orforhishealth

第68页VI.CaseStudyWhoistoblame,FatherorDaughter?第69页AChineseoldmanattheageof60wenttoCanadatoseehisdaughterwhostayedinthecountryforabouteightyears.Justforakindoflovetoherfather,thedaughteraskedherfathertocomeandstayedwithherfamilyafewdays.Thefatherarrivedhappily,butleftmuchearlierthanexpectedsoangrily.第70页

1.Youtookthewrongchopsticks.4.Ishouldpaytheticketmyself.

2.It’snoneofyourbusiness.

3.Whyaresolate?第71页Thefatherwasangry.Hedidn’tunderstandwhyhisdaughterwassohardthatshedidnothaveanyhumantouchornotshowanyfilialobedienceforherfather.ShewassuccessfulinCanada.Shehadherowncompany.Shehadagoodplaceofherown.Everythingwasperfect.Tothefather,hisdaughterseemedtoforgetaboutthecloserelationwithinthefamily.Hesaidangrily:Sheisnolongermydaughter.Butwhoistoblame,FatherorDaughter?第72页VII.Summary

WhytakeInterculturalCommunication?CultureCommunicationInterculturalCommunicationTheDifferencebetweenChineseandWesternCultures第73页VIII.Exercises1.Matchingthetermswiththeirdefinitions

A.cultureB.communicationC.ethnocentrismD.interculturalcommunicationE.businesscommunication1.()Thebeliefthatyourownculturalbackground,includingwaysofanalyzingproblems,values,beliefs,language,andverbalandnonverbalcommunication,issuperior.2.()Thetotalaccumulationofbeliefs,customs,values,behaviors,institutionsandcommunicationpatternsthatareshared,learnedandpasseddownthroughthegenerationsinanidentifiablegroupofpeople.第74页3.()Aprocessbywhichinformationisexchangedbetweenindividualsthroughacommonsystemofsymbols,signs,orbehavior,ortheexchangeofthoughts,messages,orinformation,asbyspeech,signals,writing,orbehavior.4.()Thecommunicationiswithinbusinessandadministration,aimingatacommonobjectiveandprofitsforboththeindividualsandorganizations.5.()Thecommunicationbetweenpeoplefromdifferentcultureswhenamemberofonecultureproducesamessageforconsumptionbyamemberofanotherculture.第75页Exercises2.ComprehensionCheckDecidewhetherthefollowingstatementsaretrue(T)orfalse(F).__1.Asaphenomenon,interculturalcommunicationhasexistedforthousandsofyears.However,asadiscipline,itshistoryisonlyaboutfiftyyears.__2.InterculturalCommunicationasadisciplinefirststartedinEurope.__3.Cultureisastaticentitywhilecommunicationisadynamicprocess.__4.Culturecanbeseenassharedknowledge,whatpeopleneedtoknowinordertoactappropriatelyinagivenculture.__5.Althoughculturalstereotypehasitslimitations(over-generalization),itstillcontributestoaperson’sculturalcognition.第76页__6.Ininterculturalcommunication,weshouldseparateone’sindividualcharacterfromculturalgeneralization.__7.Culturalmistakesaremoreseriousthanlinguisticmistakes.Thelinguisticmistakemeansthatsomeoneisnotfullyexpressinghisorherideawhileculturalmistakescanleadtoseriousmisunderstandingandevenill-feelingbetweenindividuals.__8.Allpeopleofthesamenationalitywillhavethesameculture.__9.Althoughtwoculturesmaysharethesameideas,theirmeaningandsignificancemaynotbethesame.__10.One’sactionsaretotallyindependentofhisorherculture.第77页Exercises3.CulturalPuzzlesReadthefollowingsituationsandchoosetheappropriateanswer(s).Theremaybemorethanonepossibleanswerforeachculturalpuzzle.1.Whatwouldyoudoifsomeonetoldyoutousehisorherfirstname,butyoufeltuncomfortabledoingthis?a.Youcouldcontinuetousetheperson’slastnamewithoutexplainingwhy.b.Youcouldtrytousetheperson’sfirstnameeventhoughyoufeeluncomfortabledoingthis.c.Youcouldasktheperson,“IsitOKifIuseyourlastname?”第78页1.a)No.Ignoringother’ssuggestionisimpoliteandoffensive.B)Yes.Whenyoutrysomethingnew,itmaybedifficultatfirst.Afterawhile,youwillgetaccustomedtoit.C)Yes.Youcouldlearnaboutother’scustomsbyaskingforculturalexplanations.第79页2.Situation:AnAmericanwomanreceivedaletterfromarecentlymarriedJapanesefriend.TheJapanesewomanwroteinherletter,“Myhusbandisnotveryhandsome.Yourhusbandismuchmorehandsomethanmine.”TheAmericanwomanwasverysurprisedatwhatherfriendwrote.1)WhydoyouthinktheAmericanwassurprised?a)TheAmericanwomansawapictureofherfriend’shusbandandthoughtthathewasveryhandsome.b)TheAmericanwomandidn’tthinkherownhusbandwashandsome.c)IntheU.S.,itisdisrespectfultosaythatone’shusbandisnothandsome.第80页1)a)No.Evenifthiswastrue,shewouldn’texpectawifetosaythisaboutherownhusband.Toher,theJapanesewomaninsultedherownhusband.B)No.Evenifthiswastrue,shewouldn’texpecttheJapanesewomantocomparetheirhusbands’appearance.C)Yes.IfanAmericanwomansaidthisaboutherhusband,peoplemightthinkthattheydidn’thaveagoodrelationship.第81页2)WhydoyouthinktheJapanesewomanwrote,“Myhusbandisnotveryhandsome”?a)TheJapanesewomanwastryingtotellherAmericanfriendthatshedidnotlikeherhusbandverymuch.b)ItisuncommoninJapantocomplimentone’shusband.c)TheJapanesewomandidn’tthinkherhusbandwashandsome,butshelikedhispersonality.第82页2)a)No.ThiswouldnotbeaJapanesewayforawifetosaythatshedidn’tlikeherhusband.B)Yes.InJapan,apersonwouldbeconsideredboastfulandnotmodestenoughifheorshecomplimentedhisorherfamilymembersinfrontofothers.第83页IX.AssignmentsCaseStudy——ToBeDirectorNot

2.VideoWatchingGuaSha《刮痧》wenluhappy@126.com第84页ReadthefollowingcaseandanalyzewhySamdidn’tperformhisworksuccessfullytogetherwithhisSaudiArabianlaborers.ToBeDirectorNotSamLucas,aconstructionsupervisorforaninternationalengineeringfirm,hadthereputationofbeingtoughbutfair-minded.Hewasaveryforceful,obstinateindividualwhoalwaysspokehismind.Heneverhesitatedtocriticizeanyw