2022年考研考博-考博英语-首都经济贸易大学考试名师押题精选卷I（带答案详解）试卷号18

住在富人区的她2022年考研考博-考博英语-首都经济贸易大学考试名师押题精选卷I（带答案详解）（图片可根据实际调整大小）题型12345总分得分一.综合题(共50题)1.单选题

Thepolicemandeclaredthattheblowonthevictim'shead（

）frombehind.

问题1选项

A.shouldhavebeenmade

B.musthavebeenmade

C.wouldhavebeenmade

D.oughttohavebeenmade

【答案】B

【解析】考查语法中情态动词表推测的用法。A项shouldhavedone表示“本该做某事（其实没做）”；B项musthavedone表示“—定做了某事”；C项wouldhavedone表示“将会做某事”，常用于表达虚拟语气；D项oughttohavedone表示“本该做某事”，比shouldhavedone语气强，意思为根据责任或者义务应该做。句意：警察宣称受害者头上的伤一定是从后面猛击造成的。故本题正确答案为B项。

2.单选题

Despitehisdisappointingrecordthisyear,I（）feelheisthebestmaninourteam.

问题1选项

A.however

B.therefore

C.nonetheless

D.otherwise

【答案】C

【解析】Normal07.8磅02falsefalsefalseEN-USZH-CNX-NONE

考查副词词义辨析。A选项however表示“然而，可是”，表转折，后面必须用逗号隔开；B选项therefore表示“所以，因此”；C选项nonetheless表示“尽管如此，但是”；D选项otherwise表示“否则”。由Despite“尽管”可知，空缺处应表转折关系，因此只有C符合句意。A项however虽然也表示转折，但后面必须用逗号隔开；【句意】虽然他今年的成绩差强人意，但我仍然觉得他是我们队最好的球员。

3.单选题

Theindividualmobility,convenience,andstatusgivenbytheprivatepassengercarofferaseeminglyunbeatableattraction.In1987,arecord126,000carsrolledoffassemblylineseachworkingday,andcloseto400millionvehicleschokeuptheworld’sstreetstoday.

Butthecar'susefulnesstotheindividualstandsinsharpcontrasttothecostsandburdensthatsocietymustshouldertoprovideanautomobile-centeredtransportationsystem.SincethedaysofHenryFord,societieshavemadeasteadystreamoflawstoprotectdriversfromeachotherandthemselves,aswellastoprotectthegeneralpublicfromtheunintendedeffectsofmassiveautomobileuse.Lawmakershavestruggledoverthecompetinggoalsofunlimitedmobilityandtheindividual’sfighttobefreeofthenoise,pollution,andphysicaldangersthattheautomobileoftenbrings.

Priortotheseventies,theauto’susefulnessandassuredroleinsocietywerehardlyquestioned.Evenworriesaboutuprisinggaspricesandfiiturefuelavailabilitysubsided（减退）intheeightiesalmostasquicklyastheyhademerged.Carsalesrecovered,drivingisup,andwealthycustomersareoncemoreshoppingforhighperformancecars.

Themotorvehicleindustry'sapparentsuccessindealingwiththechallengesoftheseventieshasobscuredtheharmfullong-termtrendsofautomobilecenteredtransportation.Risinggasolineconsumptionwillbeforelongputincreasedpressureonoilproductioncapacities.Inaddition,asmoreandmorepeoplecanaffordtheirowncarsandasmassmotorizationtakeshold,trafficjambecomesatoughproblem.Andmotorvehiclesareimportantcontributorstourbanairpollution,acidrain,andglobalwarming.

Society'sinterestinfuelsupplysecurity,theintegrityofitscities,andprotectionoftheenvironmentcallsforafundamentalrethinkingoftheautomobile’srole.Stricterfueleconomyandpollutionstandardsarethemostobviousandimmediatemeasuresthatcanbeadopted.Buttheycanonlybepartoftheanswer.Intheyearsahead,thechallengewillbetodevelopinnovative（革新的）transportationpolicies.

1.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothefirstparagraph?

2.Thephrase"rolledoffassemblylines"（Para.I,Lines2）means（）.

3.Thepassagestatesthatthereis（）.

4.Itisimpliedthattheauto'sassuredroleinsocietyis（）.

5.Stricterfueleconomyandpollutionstandardsare（）.

问题1选项

A.Acarprovidesitsownerwithasenseofsafety.

B.Agoodcarallowsitsownertotravelfree.

C.Agoodcarindicatesitsowner'shighsocialposition.

D.Acaraddstoitsowner'sattractiveness.

问题2选项

A."wereturnedoutfromfactories"

B."movedalongproductionlines"

C."movedalongthestreets"

D."werelinedupinthestreets"

问题3选项

A.asharpcontrastbetweenthecostandusefulnessofthecars

B.asharpcontrastbetweenthecostandperformanceofthecars

C.asharpconflictbetweencardriversandtrafficrules

D.asharpcontradictionbetweentheconvenienceofcarownersandtheburdensofsociety

问题4选项

A.threatenedbytherisinggasprices

B.challengedbyaseriesoffundamentalproblems

C.protectedbylaw

D.firmlyestablished

问题5选项

A.onlypartofthesolutiontomassiveautomobileuse

B.thebestwaytocopewiththemassiveuseofcars

C.innovativetransportationpolicies

D.futurepoliciesoftheautomobileindustry

【答案】第1题:C

第2题:A

第3题:D

第4题:B

第5题:A

【解析】1.细节事实题。根据第一段第一句“Theindividualmobility,convenience,andstatusgivenbytheprivatepassengercarofferaseeminglyunbeatableattraction.私人轿车给个人所带来的流动性、便利性和地位，似乎具有无与伦比的吸引力。”由此可知，一辆好车能够彰显车主较高的社会地位。选项C符合原文。

2.判断推理题。rolloff指的是“从...复印出...”；assemblylines指的是“工厂组装线”。车从工厂组装线复印出，也就是说，车被一辆一辆的组装生产出来，所以选项D为正确答案。

3.细节事实题。根据第二段首句“Butthecar'susefulnesstotheindividualstandsinsharpcontrasttothecostsandburdensthatsocietymustshouldertoprovideanautomobile-centeredtransportationsystem．但是汽车对个人的有用性与社会为提供一个以汽车为中心的交通系统所必须承担的成本和负担形成了鲜明的对比。”也就是汽车给车主带来的便利与给社会带来的负担之间的尖锐矛盾，所以选项D符合原文。

4.判断推理题。根据第三段的首句“Priortotheseventies,theauto’susefulnessandassuredroleinsocietywerehardlyquestioned.在七十年代之前，汽车的实用性和它在社会中的作用几乎没有受到质疑。”但是在最后一段首句，作者提到“Society'sinterestinfuelsupplysecurity,theintegrityofitscities,andprotectionoftheenvironmentcallsforafundamentalrethinkingoftheautomobile’srole.社会对燃料供应的安全性、城市完整性和对环境保护的关注，要求我们从根本上重新思考汽车的作用。”也就是说，曾经汽车在社会中可靠的角色现在受到了一系列根本问题的挑战，所以选项B正确。

5.细节事实题。根据最后一段第二、三句“Stricterfueleconomyandpollutionstandardsarethemostobviousandimmediatemeasuresthatcanbeadopted.Buttheycanonlybepartoftheanswer.更严格的燃油经济性和污染标准是可以采取的最明显和最直接的措施。但它们只是答案的一部分。”由此可知，这只是大规模汽车使用的部分解决方案。选项A符合原文。

4.单选题

Mr.Jonesholdsstrongviewsagainstvideogamesand（

）theclosingofallrecreationfacilitiesforsuchgames.

问题1选项

A.assists

B.acknowledges

C.advocates

D.admits

【答案】C

【解析】考查动词词义辨析。A项assist表示“帮助，协助”；B项acknowledge表示“致谢，承认”；C项advocate表示“提倡，拥护”；D项admit表示“承认，容许”。根据句中against可知作者反对电子游戏，所以应该支持closingtherecreationfacilities。句意：琼斯先生强烈反对电子游戏，提倡关闭所有的电子游戏娱乐设施。故本题正确答案为C。

5.单选题

Ifapersonfailstoconformtoconventionalbehavior,heislikelytobebyothers.

问题1选项

A.preserved

B.instructed

C.avoided

D.selected

【答案】C

【解析】考查动词词义辨析。根据关键信息failstoconformtoconventionalbehavior可知，这种行为不合常规。那么别人有可能会因此生厌，敬而远之。词组beavoidedbyothers表示“被他人远离（或排挤）”，最符合句意，A选项preserved表示“保护，保存”；B选项instructed表示“指示，教育，指导”；C选项表示“”；D选项selected表示“选择，挑选”。因此，本题正确答案为C项。【句意】如果一个人行为不合常规，那么别人很可能对他敬而远之。

6.单选题

Modernformsoftransportationandcommunicationhavedonemuchto（

）theisolationoflifeinAlaska.

问题1选项

A.breakthrough

B.breakdown

C.breakinto

D.breakout

【答案】B

【解析】考查动词词组辨析。A项breakthrough表示“突破，突围”；B项breakdown表示“打破；出故障”；C项breakinto表示“闯入”；D项breakout表示“突发，爆发”。根据Modernformsoftransportationandcommunication以及isolation可知，句意应为现代交通运输和通信方式非常有利于打破阿拉斯加生活的闭塞，因此本题正确答案为B项。

7.单选题

Thepresidentmadea（

）speechattheopeningceremonyofthesportsmeeting,whichencouragedthesportsmengreatly.

问题1选项

A.vigorous

B.tedious

C.flat

D.harsh

【答案】A

【解析】考查形容词辨析。vigorous“充满活力的，精力充沛的”;tedious“冗长的，单调乏味的”；flat“平淡的，平坦的”；harsh“严酷的，恶劣的”。句意：校长在运动会的开幕式上做了慷慨激昂的演讲，这极大地鼓舞了运动员们。根据下文which从句的内容可知这个演讲是慷慨激昂的，故A项符合题意，答案选A。

8.单选题

Workersinthefinearts（

）thoughtsandfeelingsthroughtheircreativeworks.

问题1选项

A.transmit

B.elaborate

C.convey

D.contribute

【答案】C

【解析】考查动词词义辨析。A项transmit表示“传输”；B项elaborate表示“精心制作，详细描述”；C项convey表示“传达”；D项contribute表示“贡献”。根据句意可知，精细工艺的工人通过有创造性的作品来思想和感情。因此，本题选择C项最符合句意。

9.单选题

Californiaisalandofvarietyandcontrast.Almosteverytypeofphysicallandfeature,sortofarcticicefieldsandtropicaljunglescanbefoundwithinitsborders.Sharplycontrastingtypesoflandoftenlieveryclosetooneanother.

PeoplelivinginBakersfield,forinstance,canvisitthePacificOceanandthecoastalplain,thefertileSanJoaquinValley,thearidMojaveDesert,andthehighSierraNevada,allwithinaradiusofabout100miles.Inotherareasitispossibletogosnowskiinginthemorningandsurfingintheeveningofthesameday,withouthavingtotravellongdistance.

ContrastaboundsinCalifornia.ThehighestpointintheUnitedStates(outsideAlaska)isinCalifornia,andsoisthelowestpoint(includingAlaska).MountWhitney,14,494feetabovesealevel,isseparatedfromDeathValley,282feetbelowsealevel,byadistanceofonly100miles.Thetwoareashaveadifferenceinaltitudeofalmostthreemiles.

Californiahasdeep,clearmountainlakeslikeLakeTahoe,thedeepestinthecountry,butitalsohasshallow,saltydesertlakes.IthasLakeTulainyo,12,020feetabovesealevel,andthelowestlakeinthecountry,theSaltonSea,236feetbelowsealevel.Someofitslakes,likeOwensLakeinDeathValley,arenotlakesatall:theyaredrieduplakebeds.

Inadditiontomountains,lakes,valleys,deserts,andplateaus,CaliforniahasitsPacificcoastline,stretchinglongerthanthecoastlinesofOregonandWashingtoncombined.

1.WhichofthefollowingisthelowestpointintheUnitedStates?

2.WhereisthehighestpointintheUnitedStateslocated?

3.HowfarawayisDeathValleyfromMountWhitney?

4.WhichofthefollowingisNOTmentionedinthepassageasbeingwithinaradiusofabout100milesofBakersfield?

5.WhichstatementbestdemonstratesthatCaliforniaisalandofvarietyandcontrast?

问题1选项

A.LakeTulainyo

B.Mojavedesert

C.DeathValley

D.TheSaltonSea

问题2选项

A.LakeTahoe

B.SierraNevada

C.MountWhitney

D.Alaska

问题3选项

A.about3miles

B.Only100miles

C.282feet

D.14,494feet

问题4选项

A.ThePacificOcean.

B.SanJoaquinValley

C.MojaveDesert

D.OregonandWashington

问题5选项

A.ThehighestlakeinCaliforniaisLakeTulainyo

B.ItispossibletogosurfingandsnowskiinginsomepartsofCaliforniawithouthavingtotravellongdistance.

C.SierraNevada,SanJoaquinValley,MojaveDesertandPacificOceanallliewithinaradiusofabout100miles.

D.OwensLake,inDeathValley,isnotreallyalakeatall.

【答案】第1题:C

第2题:D

第3题:B

第4题:D

第5题:C

【解析】1.细节事实题。根据题干中的thelowestpoint可以定位在文章描述海拔高度的部分。由文章第三段中的...DeathVolley,282feetbelowsealevel...“死亡谷，低于海平面282英尺。”第三段提到了美国的最高点和最低点。故C项符合题意。

2.细节事实题。同样根据题干定位在文章第三段中的ThehighestpointintheUnitedStates(outsideAlaska)isinCalifornia,andsoisthelowestpoint(includingAlaska).“(除了阿拉斯加州之外)美国的最商点就在加利福尼亚，并且(包括阿拉斯加州在内)美国的最低点也在加利福尼亚。”由此可以推断出，美国实际最高点应该在阿拉斯加州，因此答案选D。

3.细节事实题。根据题干可以将答案定位在文章第三段中的MountWhitney,14,494feetabovesealevel,isseparatedfromDeathValley,282feetbelowsealevel,byadistanceofonly100miles.“海拔14,494英尺的惠特尼山与海拔282英尺的死亡谷仅相距100英里。”由此选项B“仅仅100英里”正确。

4.细节事实题。根据题干withinaradiusofabout100milesofBakersfield可以将答案定位在文章第二段第一句话PeoplelivinginBakersfield,forinstance,canvisitthePacificOceanandthecoastalplain,thefertileSanJoaquinValley,thearidMojaveDesert,andthehighSierraNevada,allwithinaradiusofabout100miles.“例如，生活在贝克斯菲尔德的人们可以游览太平洋和沿海平原，肥沃的圣华金山谷，干旱的莫哈韦沙漠，以及高海拔的内华达山脉，所有这些都在100英里的范围内。由此可知，只有D项没有提及，故答案为D。

5.判断推理题。四个选项的信息均在文章中有所提及且表述正确，但最能体现加利福尼亚地貌多样性且差异巨大的为选项C“内华达山脉、圣华金河谷、莫哈韦沙漠和太平洋均在100英里的半径范围内”。故C项符合题意。

10.单选题

Heshowednosignsofpain（

）tohisdeath.

问题1选项

A.before

B.preceding

C.prior

D.following

【答案】C

【解析】考察固定搭配。priorto“在……之前”。句意：他临死前没有表现出任何痛苦的迹象。选项C符合题意。

11.单选题

I'vebecomesomewhatphysicallyunfit,soI'vestartedgoingtothegymonceaweektoseeifIcan（）mybody.

问题1选项

A.tidyup

B.toneup

C.takeup

D.eatup

【答案】B

【解析】考查词组辨析。A选项tidyup表示“收拾，整理”；B选项toneup表示“増强；提高（声调等）使更健康”；C选项takeup表示“拿起；开始从事；占据（时间，地方）”；D选项eatup表示“吃光；耗尽；击垮”。根据somewhatphysicallyunfit（身体有点不健康）可知，空缺处应为“使更健康”，故B项正确。因此本题正确答案为B项。句意：我的身体已有些许不适，所以我开始每周去一次健身房，看看是否可以让身体更健康。

12.单选题

Sustainabledevelopmentisappliedtojustabouteverythingfromenergytocleanwaterandeconomicgrowth,andasaresultithasbecomedifficulttoquestioneitherthebasicassumptionsbehinditorthewaytheconceptisputtouse.Thisisespeciallytrueinagriculture,wheresustainabledevelopmentisoftentakenasthesolemeasureofprogresswithoutaproperappreciationofhistoricalandculturalperspectives.

Tostartwith,itisimportanttorememberthatthenatureofagricultureliaschangedmarkedlythroughouthistory,andwillcontinuetodoso.MedievalagricultureinnorthernEuropefed,clothedandshelteredapredominantlyruralsocietywithamuchlowerpopulationdensitythanitistoday.Ithadminimaleffectonbiodiversity,andanypollutionitcausedwastypicallylocalized.Intermsofenergyuseandthenutrients（营养成分）capturedintheproductitwasrelativelyinefficient.

Contrastthiswithfarmingsincethestartoftheindustrialrevolution.Competitionfromoverseasledfarmerstospecializeandincreaseyields.Throughoutthisperiodfoodbecamecheaper,safeandmorereliable.However,thesechangeshavealsoledtohabitat（栖息地）Iossandtodiminishingbiodiversity.

What'smore,demandforanimalproductsindevelopingcountriesisgrowingsofastthatmeetingitwillrequireanextra300milliontonsofgrainayearby2050,yetthegrowthofcitiesandindustryisreducingtheamountofwateravailableforagricultureinmanyregions.

Allthismeansthatagricultureinthe21stcenturywillhavetobeverydifferentfromhowitwasinthe20th.Thiswillrequireradicalthinking.Forexample,weneedtomoveawayfromtheideathattraditionalpracticesareinevitablymoresustainablethannewones.Wealsoneedtoabandonthenotionthatagriculturecanbe‘‘zeroimpact”.Thekeywillbetoabandontherathersimpleandstaticmeasuresofsustainability,whichcentreontheneedtomaintainproductionwithoutincreasingdamage.

Insteadweneedamoredynamicinterpretation,onethatlooksattheprosandcons(正反两方而)ofallthevariouswaylandisused.Therearemanydifferentwaystomeasureagriculturalperformancebesidesfoodyield:energyuse,environmentalcosts,waterpurity,carbonfootprintandbiodiversity.Itisclear,forexample,thatthecarbonoftransportingtomatoesfromSpaintotheUKislessthanthatofproducingthemintheUKwithadditionalheatingandlighting.Butwedonotknowwhetherlowercarbonfootprintswillalwaysbebetterforbiodiversity.

Whatiscrucialisrecognizingthatsustainableagricultureisnotjustaboutsustainablefoodproduction.

1.Howdopeopleoftenmeasureprogressinagriculture?

2.Specializationandtheefforttoincreaseyieldshaveresultedin（

）.

3.Whatdoestheauthorthinkoftraditionalfanningpractices?

4.Whatwillagriculturebelikeinthe21stcentury?

5.Whatistheauthor’spurposeinwritingthispassage?

问题1选项

A.Byitsproductivity

B.Byitssustainability

C.Byitsimpactontheenvironment

D.Byitscontributiontoeconomicgrowth

问题2选项

A.Localizedpollution

B.theshrinkingoffarmland

C.competitionfromoverseas

D.thedecreaseofbiodiversity

问题3选项

A.Theyhaveremainedthesameoverthecenturies.

B.Theyhavenotkeptpacewithpopulationgrowth.

C.Theyarenotnecessarilysustainable.

D.Theyareenvironmentallyfriendly.

问题4选项

A.Itwillgothroughradicalchanges

B.Itwillsupplymoreanimalproducts

C.Itwillabandontraditionalfanningpractices

D.Itwillcausezerodamagetotheenvironment

问题5选项

A.Toremindpeopleoftheneedofsustainabledevelopment.

B.Tosuggestwaysofensuringsustainablefoodproduction.

C.Toadvancenewcriteriaformeasuringfarmingprogress.

D.Tourgepeopletorethinkwhatsustainableagricultureis.

【答案】第1题:B

第2题:D

第3题:C

第4题:A

第5题:D

【解析】1.细节事实题。根据题干关键词measureprogressinagriculture定位至第一段:Thisisespeciallytrueinagriculture,wheresustainabledevelopmentisoftentakenasthesolemeasureofprogresswithoutaproperappreciationofhistoricalandculturalperspectives(这一点在农业领域表现得尤为突出，在该领域中，人们常常在未从历史、文化的角度予以适当考虑的情况下，认为可持续发展史衡量农业进步的唯一方法),因此B项“可持续性”正确。

2.细节事实题。根据题干关键词Specialization和increaseyields定位至第三段:Competitionfromoverseasledfarmerstospecializeandincreaseyields(来自海外的竞争压力使得农民们不得不进行专门的研究来增加作物的产量),该段还指出:However,thesechangeshavealsoledtohabitatlossandtodiminishingbiodiversity(但是，这些变化也导致栖息地的损失和生物多样性的不断减少),故选D“生物多样性的减少”。

3.细节事实题。根据题干关键词traditionalfanningpractices定位至第五段:Forexample,weneedtomoveawayfromtheideathattraditionalpracticesareinevitablymoresustainablethannewones(比如，我们若要摒弃这样的想法:传统的做法必然会比新的做法更能够促进可持续发展)。因此C项“这些做法不一定是可持续性的”正确。

4.细节事实题。根据题干关键词inthe21stcentury定位至第五段:Allthismeansthatagricultureinthe21stcenturywillhavetobeverydifferentfromhowitwasinthe20th(所有这一切意味着，21世纪的农业生产将会与20世纪的农业生产截然不同)。故选A“将会经历巨变”。

5.主旨大意题。最后一段点明主题:Whatiscrucialisrecognizingthatsustainableagricultureisnotjustaboutsustainablefoodproduction(关键是我们需要认识到，可持续性农业并不只是粮食生产的可持续性)。因此D项“催促人们重新思考什么是可持续性农业”正确。

13.翻译题

TranslatethefollowingintoChinese.

Mostpeoplebenefitfrominternationaltrade,forthesamegeneralreasonsthatmostpeoplebenefitfromthedivisionoflaborwithinnationsandwithinlocalities.Byparticipatinginabroadercommunitywithinwhichindividualsandgroupssellwhattheycanproducewiththegreatest(comparative)efficiency,peoplecansecureafargreaterquantityandvarietyofgoodsthaneachindividualcouldpossiblyobtainifhehadtoproduceeveryonehimself.Thereare,ofcourse,manyinstanceswhenblockingorlimitingtradecanbringadvantagestoparticulargroupsattheexpenseofthebroadersociety.Butthemorethesegroupssucceedinenforcingsuchrestrictions,thelowerthestandardoflivingandtheslowerthepaceofeconomicgrowthforthecommunityasawhole.

Aswithcommunities,sotoowithnations.Specificinterestscangainfromimportrestrictionsandeconomictheoryevenrecognizescasesinwhichatradebarriermightleaveanentirenationbetteroffalbeitattheexpenseofothernations.Inmostcircumstances,however,opentrade--bymaximizingeconomicefficiency—enhancesthewelfareandthestandardoflivingofthenationandofthewiderworld.

【答案】大多数人从国际贸易中获益，这跟大多数人从国家内部和地方内部的分工中获益的原因大致相同。通过参与一个更广泛的社区，这个社区中个人与团体以最高的（相对）效率出售他们所能生产的产品，人们获得的商品数量与种类远远超过自己能生产的。当然，在很多情况下，组织或者限制贸易能够给某些特定群体带来好处，代价是整个社会的利益。但是，这些团体越是成功地执行这些限制，整个社区的生活水平就越低，经济增长的速度就越慢。

社区如此，国家也是如此。特定的利益能够从进口限制中获得，经济理论甚至承认，在某些情况下，贸易壁垒可能常会使国家经济变得更好，尽管是以别国利益为代价。然而，在大多情况下，开放贸易——通过最大化经济效率——提高国家和更广泛世界的福利和生活水平。

14.单选题

Theotherdayanacquaintanceofmine,anoutgoingandcharmingman,toldmehehadfoundhimselfunexpectedlyaloneinNewYorkforanhourortwobetweenappointments.HewenttotheWhitneyandspentthe“empty”timelookingatthingsin（1）solitarydelight.Forhimitprovedtobeashocknearlyasgreatasfallingin（2）todiscoverthathecouldenjoyhimselfsomuchalone.Whathadhebeenafraidof,I（3）myself?That,suddenlyalone,hewoulddiscoverthatlieboredhimself,orthattherewas,quitesimply,noselftheretomeet?Buthavingtakentheplunge,heisnowonthebrinkof（4）;heisabouttobelaunchedintohisowninnerspace,spaceasimmense,unexploredandsometimesfrighteningasouterspacetotheastronaut.Hiseveryperceptionwillcometohimwithanewfreshnessand,foratime,seemstartlinglyoriginal.Foranyone（5）canseethingsforhimselfwithanakedeyebecomes,foramomentortwo,somethingofagenius.Withanotherhumanbeingpresentvisionbecomesdoublevision,inevitably.Wearebusywondering,whatdoesmycompanionseeorthinkofthis,andwhatdoIthinkofit?The（6）impactgetslost,ordiffused.Lonelinessismostacutelyfeltwithotherpeople,forwithothers,（7）withaloversometimes,wesufferfromourdifferencesoftasteandmood.Alonewecanaffordtobewhollywhateverweareandtofeelwhatever（8）feelabsolutely.Thatisagreatluxury!Formethemostinterestingthingaboutasolitarylife,andminehasbeenthatforthelasttwentyyears,isthatitbecomesincreasinglyrewarding.When1canwakeupandwatchthesunriseovertheocean,asIdomostdays,andknowthatIhaveanentiredayahead,uninterrupted,inwhichto（9）afewpages,takeawalkwithmydog,liedownintheafternoonforalongthink(whydoesonethinkbetterina（10）position?),readandlistentomusic,Iamfloodedwithhappiness.

问题1选项

A.very

B.such

C.so

D.much

问题2选项

A.love

B.emotion

C.fancy

D.passion

问题3选项

A.pondered

B.enquired

C.asked

D.thought

问题4选项

A.activity

B.adventure

C.excitement

D.danger

问题5选项

A.who

B.whom

C.that

D.they

问题6选项

A.original

B.basic

C.clear

D.lonely

问题7选项

A.although

B.still

C.even

D.but

问题8选项

A.one

B.they

C.us

D.we

问题9选项

A.inscribe

B.compose

C.cut

D.write

问题10选项

A.horizontal

B.vertical

C.painless

D.motionless

【答案】第1题:B

第2题:A

第3题:C

第4题:B

第5题:A

第6题:A

第7题:C

第8题:D

第9题:D

第10题:A

【解析】1.考查逻辑关系。A选项very表示“非常，很；完全”；B选项such表示“这样的，如此的”；C选项so表示“如此，这么；确是如此”；D选项much表示“非常，很”。第一句中出现了unexpectedlyalone，而空格后的solitary（a.孤独的；独居的）再次提及“孤独”，因此空格处应表示“如此的，这样的”。so和such都可表示“如此的，这样的”。so是副词，修饰形容词和副词；而such是形容词，修饰名词。二者后面都接单数可数名词，但用法不同。so的用法为：so+adj.+a（an）+n.；such的用法为：such+a（an）+adj.+n.。如果后面接复数名词或不可数名词，则只能用such，故B项符合句意。因此，本题正确答案为B项。

2.考查逻辑关系。由第一句中的appointments以及空缺前的great可知这种感觉应宛如“坠入爱河”一般美好，故可构成“fallinlove坠入爱河”的A项正确。B选项emotion表示“情感；情绪”；C选项fancy表示“幻想；想象力；爱好”；D选项passion表示“激情；热情”。

3.考查逻辑关系。根据空缺前“Whathadhebeenafraidof”可知，这是作者反问自己，故C选项ask符合句意。A选项ponder表示“仔细考虑；思考；衡量”；B选项enquire表示“询问；打听；调查”；D选项think表示“想；认为；想起”。

4.考查逻辑关系。A选项activity表示“活动；行动；活跃”；B选项adventure表示“冒险；冒险精祌；投机活动”；C选项excitement表示“兴奋；刺激；令人兴奋的事物”；D选项danger表示“危险；危险物；威胁”。根据空格前havingtakentheplunge（在冒险尝试后）可知，他现在是在冒险，故B选项“冒险”符合句意。

5.考查语法知识。空缺处及之后的canseethingsforhimselfwithanakedeye属于空缺前anyone的后置定语从句。因此，空缺处应为可充当定语从句主语的关系代词，故A项who正确。

6.考查形容词词义辨析。A选项original表示“最初的；开始的；独创的；新颖的”；B选项basic表示“基本的；基础的”；C选项clear表示“清楚的；清澈的；晴朗的；无罪的”；D选项lonely表示“寂寞的；偏僻的”。由上文中的seemstartinglyoriginal以及后文中的Wearebusywondering,whatdoesmycompanionseeorthinkofthis,andwhatdoIthinkofit?可知，如果旁边有别人，我们会急于想知道自己同伴的看法以及自己的观点，因此最初的印象就消失了。故original符合句意，本题正确选项为A项。

7.考查词义辨析。A选项although表示“尽管；虽然；但是；然而”；B选项still表示“仍然；但是；尽管如此”；C选项even表示“甚至；即使”；D选项but表示“但是；然而”。根据句意可知，空缺处后的lover应为空缺前others的进一步说明，故C选项“even”符合语境，因此本题正确答案为C项。

8.考查逻辑关系。And连接两个并列部分，由空缺前“whateverweare”可知，后文应为“whateverwefeel”，故D项we正确。因此，本题正确答案为D项。

9.考查动词词义辨析。A选项inscribe表示“题献；铭记;雕”；B选项compose表示“构成；创作，排版；使平静”；C选项cut表示“切割；剪短；释放”；D选项write表示“书写；写信给；著述”。由空缺后afewpages可知，D选项write符合句意，故本题正确答案为D项。

10.考查形容词词义辨析。A选项horizontal表示“水平的；地平线的；同一阶层的”；B选项vertical表示“垂直的；顶点的；纵向的”；C选项painless表示“无痛的；不痛的”；D选项motionless表示“静止的；不运动的”。由空缺前liedown以及thinkbetter可知，躺着的时候可以更好地思考，故A项horizontal符合句意。因此，本题正确答案为A项。

15.单选题

Noonecanfunctioniftheyare（）ofadequatesleep.

问题1选项

A.deprived

B.ripped

C.stripped

D.contrived

【答案】A

【解析】动词辨析题。A选项deprive“使丧失，剥夺”，常和介词of搭配；B选项rip“撕裂”；C选项strip“剥去”；D选项contrive“谋划，设法做到”。句意：如果剥夺了充足的睡眠，没有人能正常工作。deprive和strip都有剥夺的意思，但是strip较普遍，多指剥削金钱，土地等物质上的东西。而deprive除了前面的意思，还可以特指权利，势力等东西。所以选项A更符合语境。

16.单选题

Studentsorteacherscanparticipateinexcursionstolovelybeachesaroundtheislandatregular（

）.

问题1选项

A.gaps

B.rate

C.length

D.intervals

【答案】D

【解析】句意:学生或老师可以每隔一段时间就进行一次短途旅行，到海岛附近美丽的沙滩上去。

考查短语辨析。at...rate以……速度：atintervals不时，每隔一段时间;atlength详尽地;atgap,无此搭配。故选D。

17.单选题

Thunderstorms,withtheirjaggedburstsoflightingandroaringthunder,areactuallyoneofnature'sprimarymechanismsfortransferringheatfromthesurfaceoftheearthintotheatmosphere.Athunderstormstartswhenlow-lyingpocketsofwarmairfromthesurfaceoftheearthbegintorise.Thepocketofwarmairfloatupwardsthroughtheairabovethatisbothcoolerandheavier.Therisingpocketscoolastheirpressuredecreases,andtheirheatisreleasedabovethecondensationlinethroughtheformationofcumulusclouds.

Whatwillhappenwiththesecloudsdependsonthetemperatureoftheatmosphere.Inwinter,theairtemperaturedifferentialbetweenhigherandloweraltitudesisnotextremelygreat,andthetemperatureoftherisingairmassdropsmoreslowly.Insummer,however,whenthereisahighaccumulationofheatneartheearth’ssurface,indirectcontrasttotheconsiderablycolderairhigherup,thetemperaturedifferentialbetweenhigherandloweraltitudesismuchmorepronounced.Aswarmairrisesinthistypeofenvironment,thetemperaturedropsmuchmorerapidlythanitdoesinwinter;whenthetemperaturedropsmorethanfourdegreesFahrenheitperthousandfeetofaltitude,cumuluscloudsaggregateintoasinglemassivecumulonimbuscloud,orthunderhead.

Inisolation,asinglethunderstormisanimpressivebutfairlybenignwayforMotherEarthtodefusetrappedheatfromhersurface;thunderstorms,however,canappearinconcert,andtheresultingshow,whileextremelyimpressive,canalsoproveextraordinarilydestructive.Whenthereisalarge-scalecollisionbetweencoldairandwarmairmassesduringthesummermonths,asquallline,orseriesofthunderheads,maydevelop.Itiscommonforasqualllinetobeginwhenanadvancingcoldfrontmeetsupwithandforcesitselfunderalayerofwarmandmoistair,creatingalineofthunderstormsthatracesforwardatspeedsofapproximatelyfortymilesperhour.Asquallline,whichcanbehundredsofmileslongandcancontainfiftydistinctthunderheads,isamagnificentforceofnaturewithincrediblepotentialfordestruction.Withinthesqualllineoftennearitssouthernend,canbefoundsupercells,long-livedrotatingstormsofexceptionalstrengththatserveasthesourceoftornadoes.

1.Thetopicofthepassageis（）.

2.Theword"mechanism"inparagraph1mostprobablymeans（）.

3.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethat,insummer,（）.

4.Choosethedrawingbelowthatmostcloselyresemblesasquallline.

5.Allofthefollowingarementionedinthepassageaboutsupercellsexceptthatthey（）.

问题1选项

A.thedevelopmentofthunderstormsandsqualllines

B.thedevastatingeffectsoftornadoes.

C.Cumulusandcumulonimbusclouds

D.thepoweroftornados

问题2选项

A.machines

B.motions

C.methods

D.materials

问题3选项

A.thereisnotagreattemperaturedifferentialbetweenhigherandloweraltitudes.

B.thegreatertemperaturedifferentialbetweenhigherandloweraltitudesmakesthunderstormsmorelikelytooccur.

C.thereisnotmuchcoldairwhichdropsmoreslowlythanitdoesinwinter.

D.thetemperatureofrisingairdropsmoreslowlythanitdoesinwinter.

问题4选项

A.

B.

C.

D.

问题5选项

A.areofshortduration.

B.havecirclingwinds.

C.haveextraordinarypower.

D.cangivebirthtotornadoes.

【答案】第1题:A

第2题:C

第3题:B

第4题:C

第5题:A

【解析】1.主旨大意题。题干询问文章主题。根据原文第一段“Thunderstorms,withtheirjaggedburstsoflightingandroaringthunder,areactuallyoneofnature'sprimarymechanismsfortransferringheatfromthesurfaceoftheearthintotheatmosphere.”可知，雷暴带着锯齿状的闪电和轰鸣的雷声，实际上是大自然把热量从地球表面转移到大气中的主要方式之一。此处引出话题Thunders