英语8种时态讲解练习

英语时态八种基本时态解说及练习一．见解：英中表示不同样生的作或存在的状，需用不同样的形式表示，种不同样的形式称。二．种：（基本）一般在一般去行家去行一般将来往将来在达成去达成三．用法：1．一般在：1）一般在表示常生或性的作或状及客和广泛真理。一般在常以原形表示，但当主是第三人称数，尾加-s-es。2）句型构：主＋Ｖ.（包括be）＋＋⋯Sheisanengineer.Hehasbreakfastat6:00everyday.3）注意：a)一般在平时与always,often,usually,everyday,sometimes,onceaweek等状用。IalwayswatchTVat8:00intheevening.Theygohomeonceaweek.1/15Weusuallydoourhomeworkathome.b)表客观现实或广泛真理。Thesunalwaysrisesintheeast.Thelighttravelsfasterthanthesound.c)表永远性的动作或状态。Helivesinthecountry.4）第三人称单数变化形式。a)一般情况动词在词尾加-s.b)以o,s,x,ch,sh结尾的单词在词后加-es.do---doesgo---goesfinish---finishesbrush---brushesfix---fixespass---passeswatch---watchesc)以“辅音字母＋y”结尾的单词变y为i加-es.Study---studiescarry-carriescry---criesd)以“元音字母＋y”结尾的单词直接加-s.play---playsstay---stays例句：我们每日夜晚九点造作业。我在清晨七点半起床。他每日七点去上班。我们经常下午打篮球。他喜欢音乐。地球围绕太阳转。2/15火六点出。5）否认句和疑句。a)-----Heisanengineer.-----Heisn’tanengineer.-----Isheanengineer?-----Yes,heis./No,heisn’t.b)----Wegetupat7:30inthemorning.-----Wedon’tgetupat7:30inthemorning.-----Doyougetupat7:30inthemorning?-----Yes,wedo./No,wedon’t.c)----Helikesmusic.-----Hedoesn’tlikemusic.-----Doeshelikemusic?-----Yes,hedoes./No,hedoesn’t.2．一般去1）一般去表示生在去的作或存在的状，平时与表示去的状yesterday,lastnight,someyearsago,in1990,inthosedays等.用。Iwasastudent6yearsago.Iwenttolastyear.Theysawafilmlastnight.2）句型构：主＋Ｖ.去＋＋⋯例句：昨天他很忙。3/15昨年他吸烟了。两年前他去参军了。他在____年去世了。3）否认句和疑问句。a)----Hewasbusyyesterday.-----Hewasn’tbusy.-----Washebusy?-----Yes,hewas./No,hewasn’t.b)----Hesmokedlastyear.-----Hedidn’tsmokelastyear.-----Didhesmokelastyear?-----Yes,hedid./No,hedidn’t.c)----Hejoinedthearmyin1990.-----Hedidn’tjoinedthearmyin1990.-----Didhejointhearmyin1990?-----Yes,hedid./No,hedidn’t.4）动词过去式变化规则。a)一般情况下的词加-ed.work---workedcall----calledlaugh----laughedExplain----explainedfinish----finishedknock----knockedb)以不发音的字母e结尾的单词直接加-d.4/15live----livedchange----changedsmoke----smokeddie----diedgraduate----graduateddrive----drovec)以“辅音字母＋y”结尾的单词，变y为i加-ed.study----studiedcarry----carriedcry----criedtry----triedmarry----marriedd)以“元音字母＋y”结尾的单词直接加-ed.play----playedstay----stayede)以“一个元音字母＋一个辅音字母”结尾的单词应先双写这个辅音字母此后再加-ed.stop----stoppedplan----plannedpat----pattedf)动词不规则变化：begin----begandrink----drankkeep----keptleave----leftsleep----sleptmake----madelie----laydig----dugeat----ateknow----knewcut----cutset----setlet----letread----readhurt----hurt例句：我前天拿走了这本书。昨年我买了一辆自行车。每日夜晚我听音乐。她平时待在家里。两天前我达成了这项工作。5/15复：1)I(be)ateacher2yearsago.2)He(be)astudentnow.3)He(do)hishomeworkathomeeveryday.4)They(join)thePartyin1998.5)We(noteat)applesyesterday.6)We(notplay)basketballeveryday.7)He(notgo)homeonceaweek.Iam16yearsold.(划部分提)Igotoworkat8:00everymorning.(划部分提)TheyjoinedthePartyin1990.划(部分提)11)Iwenttolastyear.(划部分提)3．一般将来1)表示将来生的作或存在的状，常与表将来的状tomorrow,thedayaftertomorrow,nextSunday,soon,inafewdays等用。2)句型构：主＋will/shall＋V.原形＋⋯（第一人称用shall）Ishallgototomorrow.Theywillhaveameetingnextweek.----Shewillbe20yearsold.----Willshebe20yearsold?----Yes,shewill./No,shewon’t.6/153)主＋will/shall＋V.原形＋⋯be(am,is,are)goingtoTheywillhaveameetingnextSunday.(will=aregoingto)----WhatwilltheydonextSunday?----Whenwilltheyhaveameeting?4)beaboutto＋V.原形Iamabouttoleaveschool.不可以与表示的副用。Theyareabouttosetout.(√)Theyareabouttosetoutsoon.(×)复：1.He(do)hishomeworkatschooleveryday.2.They(finish)theirworkyesterday.3.We(visit)theirfarmnextyear.4.我半小后要吃午。5.他将自行去学校。6.他下周日将去汽。4．去将来1）去将来是立足于去某，从去的点看将要生的作或状。主要用于从句中。7/152）基本构：主+would/shouldwas/weregoingto+V.原形+⋯Hesaidthathewouldhaveameetingnextweek.(Hesaysthathewillnaveameetingnextweek.)Theysaidweshouldleaveschooltomorrow.(Theysayweshallleaveschooltomorrow.)5．行家1)行家表示在或在段正行家的作。平时与now,atpresent等状用。2)基本构：主+be(am,is,are)+ving-+⋯Youarelisteningtomecarefullynow.Sheiswritingaletterthisyear.Look!Theyaredancing.WearestudyingEnglishatpresent.It’rainingshardnow.3）在分的组成①一般直接在后加-ingdo–doingread-readingwork–workingthink–thinkingstudy–studyinggo–goingwatch–watchingjump-jumping②以不音的字母e尾的，先去掉e此后加–ing8/15like–likingtake–takingleave–leavinglive–livingreceive–receivingdance–dancingwrite-writing③以“一个元音字母+一个音字母”尾的，先双写个音字母此后再加-ingstop–stoppingbegin–beginningdig–diggingswim–swimmingrun–runningsit–sitting(注意：listen–listeningopen–openingeat–eatingrain–rainingsleep-sleeping)在分组成口在分用途多，行不能缺。它的组成很好，后ing。尾若有音e，去e再加没。一重音，个字母要双写。有一点要注意，改iey再加ing。以上口可以成九个字“直接加，去e加，双拼加”。．去行1）表示去某一刻或某段正行家的作，平时与at6:00yesterday,atthis/thattimeyesterday,when引的状等用。2）基本构主+be(was/were)+v-ing+⋯9/15Itwasrainingat7:00thedaybeforeyesterday.Theywerebuildingareservoiratthistimelastwinter.Wewerereadingwhentheteachercamein.Weweren’treading⋯Wereyoureading⋯Whatwereyoudoingwhentheteachercamein.例句1.前天那个候Tom正在看影。上周日四点我正在游泳。3.看我我正在玩扑克。I____(do)myhomeworkyesterday.He____(do)hishomeworkat5:00yesterday.He____(do)hishomeworknow.7.在达成1）1.表示去生的作在造成的影响2．表示去某已开始素来持到在的作或状平时与以下状用uptonow,inthepast,recently,by⋯,for5years,since1994,sofar,already,yet,ever,just⋯2)基本构主+have/has+P.P(去分)I’vefinishedthiswork.Hehaseverbeento.Ihavenotheardfromherrecently.10/15Ihavealreadyreadthisbook.Haveyouread⋯?Yes,Ihave.No,Ihaven’t.Whathaveyouread?去分的组成（化同去式的组成）不化以下dodiddonegowentgoneeatateeatenhavehadhadwritewrotewrittenbewas/werebeenseesawseenhearheardheardswimswamswumdrinkdrankdrunkgivegavegivenforgetforgotforgottentaketooktakenkeepkeptkeptsleepsleptslept11/15teachtaughttaughtbuyboughtboughttelltoldtoldmakemademadecutcutcuthurthurthurtreadreadreadletletlet4）注意1.含有停止意义或暂短意义的动词不可以与for,since引导的一般时间状语连用。Ihaveboughtabook.Ihaveboughtabookfor3day.(wrong)Ihavehadabookfor3years.Hehavejoinedthearmyfor3years.(wrong)Hehasbeeninthearmyfor3years.Hejoinedthearmy3yearsago.Hehasbeendeadfor3years.Hedied2yearsago.Itis2yearssincehedied.Hehasdiedfor2years.(wrong)Hehasgoneto.12/15Hehasbeento.2.在达成与一般去的区（状的区）I___(hear)formherrecently/yesterday.例句：他已了本。我到当前止已学了两千个。他居住在中国三年了。他看部影两次了。Bob自从1997年在所学校授课。8.去达成1）表示作生在去某一以前已达成的作或状，“去的去”，常与bythetime,bytheendof⋯,before等,引by的状用。2）基本构主+had+去分+⋯WhenIgottothecinemayesterdaythefilmhadbegunalready.昨天当我抵达影院影已开始了。HehadlearnedEnglishbeforehec