定语从句讲解与练习(有答案)

定语从句讲解与练习(有答案)定语从句讲解与练习(有答案)定语从句讲解与练习(有答案)V:1.0精细整理，仅供参考定语从句讲解与练习(有答案)日期：20xx年X月定语从句定语从句在句中相当于一个形容词，起定语的作用，修饰说明名词、代词或主语的全部内容。通常在被修饰的词语（即先行词）之后，由“关系词”引导。定语从句的三种功能：1.连接功能：连接从句，引导一个定语从句2.指代功能：指代先行词3.语法功能：在定语从句中充当句子成分(定语从句中的关系词分为关系代词和关系副词两种)thatwhichwhowhomwhosewhenwherewhy语语法关系词指代主语宾语定语表语指人whothatwhomthatwhosethat指物whichthatwhichthatwhosethat注:关系代词在句中充当主语、宾语，因此定语从句中不能再出现关系代词所替代的名词或代词。关系代词在从句中作主语时不能省略=1\*GB3①Aplaneisamachinewhich/thatcanfly.(作主语)Thedogwhich/thatwaslosthasbeenfound.(作主语)=2\*GB3②Thenumberofpeoplewho/thatlosthomesreached250,000.Herecomesthegirlwho/thatwantstoseeyou.关系代词在句中作宾语时可省略=1\*GB3①Thenoodlesthat/whichIcookedweredelicious.（作宾语）Thisisthebookthat/whichIwanttoread.Theletterthat/whichIreceivedyesterdaywasfrommyfather.=2\*GB3②Thegirlwho/thatwesawyesterdayisMary.MrLiisamanwhom/who/thatweshouldlearfrom.Doyouknowthemanwhom/who/thatistalkingto关系代词在从句中做定语=1\*GB3①Thenovelwhosecoverwasbrokenblongstome.=2\*GB3②HeneryistheboywhosemotherisourEnglishteacher.Iknowthepersonwhosecompanyproducescomputers.Thisisthepersonwhosestorysurprisedeverybody.关系代词在句中作表语时可省略（只能用that）Sheisnotthegirlthatshewas.【定语从句中关系代词与关系副词的选择】明确关系代词，关系副词在定语从句中的不同作用关系代词which,that,who在定语从句中作主语或在及物动词或介词后作宾语关系副词when,where,why在定语从句中作状语，即定语从句中不缺主语、宾语，只缺时间、地点或原因状语分析句子结构，明确句法成分关系词在从句中作宾语还是作状语，关键取决于从句中的谓语动词。如果定语从句中谓语动词是及物动词，应观察其后有无宾语。如果没宾语，则应考虑使用能充当宾语的关系代词which或that。如果句子中有宾语，就考虑关系副词when或where等关系副词（when,where,why）when在定语从句中做【时间状语】IstillrememberthedaywhenIfirstcametoBeijing.Wewillneverforgetthehappytimewhenweworkedonthefarm.Hecameatatimewhen(atwhich)weneededhelp.where在定语从句中做【地点状语】Thisisthehousewherewelivedlastyear.Thefactorywherehisfatherworksisinthewestofthecity.AfterlivinginPairsforfiftyyears,hereturnedtothesmalltownwherehegrewupasachild.3.why在定语从句中做【原因状语】Thereareseveralreasonswhywecan’tdothat.Hecouldn’tgivetheteacheragoodreasonwhyhewaslateforschool.Isthisthereasonwhy(forwhich)herefusedourofferThereasonwhy(forwhich)shewasillisthatshehadeatenbadmeat.4.比较I’llneverforgetthedaysthat/whichIspentwithmyteacher.I’llneverforgetthedayswhenIworkedwithyou.Itisthehousethat/whichwasbuilttwoyearsago.Itisthehousewhere/inwhichIwasborn.Thereasonwhich/thathegavewasanexcuse.Thereasonwhyhewaslatewastherain.Doyouknowthereasonwhyhedidn’tturnup只能用that的定语从句1.先行词为不定代词【alleveryingnothinganythinglittlemuchnone】时或被这些词修饰时，关系代词只用thatAllthatcanbedonehasbeendone.2.当先行词被【形容词的最高级】修饰时，只用thatThisisthemostbeautifulparkthatIhavevisited.TheTitanicisthemostdangerousfilmthatI’veeverseen.ThebestonethatI’llchoosewillbeyou.3.当先行词被序数词【thefirst,thesecond,thelast】等修饰时，只用thatThefirstlessonthatwehavelearnedwillneverbeeasilyforgotten.Thisisthelastclassthatwewillhavethisterm.当先行词被【theonly,thevery,thelast】修饰时，只用that(some，any，few，much，no，very，only)Theonlystudentthatmaybeelectedisinourclass.Ihavenoquestionthatwillbeasked.Therewaslittlethatinterestedhimatthemeeting.ThisistheverybookthatIamlookingfor.当先行词既指【人】又指【物】时Weoftentalkaboutthepersonsandthingsthatweremember.Thecharactersandtheanimalsthatareinthepictureareverynative.Thetrainranoveraboyandhisdogthatwerejustcrossingtherailroad.当主语是以【who或which开头的疑问句】时，为避免重复而用thatWhoisthegirlthatisstandingthereWhoistheboythatshookhandswithyoujustnowWhichisthehotelthatyoustayedatlastmonth当way做先行词时，关系代词可以有三种形式=1\*GB3①that=2\*GB3②inwhich=3\*GB3③×Idon’tlikethewaythat/inwhich/×youspeaktoyourmotherlikethat.先行词在句中作【表语】Shanghaiisnolongerthecitythatitusedtobe.定语从句练习1：1.-Doyouknowtheman______istalkingwithyourfather-Yes，he’sourheadmaster.A.heB.who

C.which

D.whom2.Isthistheriver_____IcanswimA.which

B.inwhich

C.that

D.theone3.Thisisthebesthotelinthecity_____Iknow.A.where

B.which

C.that

D.it4.Canyoulendmethedictionary______theotherdayA.thatyoubought

B.youboughtitC.thatyouboughtit

D.whichyouboughtit5.Anyone______withwhatIsaidmayputupyouhands.A.whichagrees

B.whoagreeC.whoagrees

D.whichagree6.Mywatchisnottheonlything______ismissing.A.that

B.it

C.which

who7.Theman______coatisblackiswaitingatthegateA.who’s

B.whose

C.that

ofwhich.8.Thegirl______isreadingunderthetree_____mysister.A.which；is

B.whom；was

C.who；is

D.who；was9.Iloveplaces______thepeoplearereallyfriendly.A.that

B.which

C.where

D.who10.Theworld______ismadeupofmatter.A.inthatwelive

B.onwhichweliveC.wherewelivein

D.welivein定语从句练习2:1.Thisisthebag_____mymotherboughtyesterday.A.that B.who C.whom D.this2.Theman_____livesnexttousismyEnglishteacher.A.whom B.which C.who D./3.Thegirl_____yousawinthestreetisMary.A.that B.whose C.which D.as4.Isthisthefactory_____alotofstudentsvisitedyesterdayA.theone B.which C.who D.whom6.Theonlylanguage_____iseasytolearnisthemothertongue.A.which B.that C./ D.it7.Thegirlhandedeverything_____shehadpickedupinthestreettothepolice.A.which B.inwhich C.that D.all9.Pleaseshowmethebook_____youboughtyesterday.A.which B.whom C.whose D.this10.Thisisthebestbook_____Ihavebeenlookingforallthisyear.A.who B.whom C.which D./11.Thisistheonlyarticleofthesethat_____writtenbyhim.A.was B.were C.is D.are12.Theman_____washerejustnowisadoctor.A.whom B.who C./ D.he13.Theboy_____hastwolovelydogs.A.wholivenextdoor B.whichlivesnextdoorC.whomlivesnextdoor D.thatlivesnextdoor14.Those_____madenomistakesintoday’sexercisespleaseraiseyourhands.A.which B.whom C.that D.who15.Thefarm_____westayedlastweekisalovelyplaceforaholiday.A.whenB.whereC.thatD.atthat16.Heisthemostcarefulboy_____Iknow.A.what B.which C.as D../17.Thisistheschool_____Mr.Smithoncetaught.A.inthat B.when C.where D.there18.Haveyouvisitedthehouse_____thefamousscientistwasbornA.where B.inthat C.that D.which19.Thefactory_____Mr.Liusedtoworkwasclosedlastweek.A.when B.where C.that D.which20.Doyoustillremembertheday_____wefirstmetA.that B.when C.what D.onthat21.October1,1949istheday_____we’llneverforget.A.when B.that C.where D.inwhich22.October1,1949wastheday_____thePeople’sRepublicofChinawasfounded.A.which B.when C.where D.inwhich23.Isthistheshop_____sellschildren’sclothingA.which B.where C.inwhich D.what25.Istillrememberthesitting-room_____mymotherandIusedtositintheevening.A.what B.which C.that D.where26.H