2022年考研考博-考博英语-中国传媒大学考试名师押题精选卷I（带答案详解）试卷号41

住在富人区的她2022年考研考博-考博英语-中国传媒大学考试名师押题精选卷I（带答案详解）（图片可根据实际调整大小）题型12345总分得分一.综合题(共50题)1.单选题

Somecityplannersbelievethateachcityis（）:inotherwords,becauseofculturaldifferences,onecitycan'tsimplycopyothers.

问题1选项

A.separated

B.cutoff

C.unique

D.integrated

【答案】C

【解析】考查形容词辨析。separated“分开的”；cutoff“切断，中断”；unique“独特的，独一无二的”；integrated“综合的，完整的”。根据冒号后面的内容：由于文化差异，一个城市不能简单地复制其他城市。由此可知，一些城市规划者认为每个城市都是独一无二的。所以选项C正确。

2.单选题

Asthedogdaysofsummerwane,mostpeoplearepreparingtosendtheirkidsbacktoschool.Inyearspast,thishasmeantbuyingnotebooksandpencils,perhapsevenanewbackpack.Butoverthepastdecadeorso,theback-to-schoolchecklisthasformanyalsoincludedanarrayofscreendevicesthatmanyparentsdutifullystuffintotheirchildren’sbag.

Thescreenrevolutionhasseenpedagogyundergoaseismicshiftastechnologynowdominatestheeducationallandscape.InalmosteveryclassroominAmericatoday,youwillfindsometypeofscreen—smartboards,Chromebooks,tablets,smartphones.Frominner-cityschoolstothoseinruralandremotetowns,wehaveacceptedtechintheclassroomasanecessaryandbeneficialevolutionineducation.

Thisisalie.

Techintheclassroomnotonlyleadstoworseeducationaloutcome,forkids,whichIwillexplainshortly,itcanalsoclinicallyhurtthem.I'veworkedwithoverathousandteensinthepast15years,andhaveobservedthatstudentswhohavebeenraisedonahigh-techdietnotonlyappeartostrugglemorewithattentionandfocus,butalsoseemtosufferfromanadolescentmalaisethatappearstobeadirectbyproductoftheirdigitalimmersion.Indeed,overtwohundredpeer-reviewedstudiespointtoscreentimecorrelatingtoincreasedADHD（多动症发病率）,screenaddition,increasedaggression,depression,anxietyandevenpsychosis.

Butifthatistrue,whywouldwehaveallowedthese"educational"Trojanhorsestoslipintoourschools?Followthemoney.

Educationtechnologyisestimatedtobecomea$60billionindustryby2018.Withtheadventofthe"CommonCore"in2010,whichnationalizedcurriculumarandtextbooksstandards,themultibillion-dollartextbookindustrybecameveryattractiveforeducationalgunslingerslookingtocapitalizeonthenewWildWestofeducationtechnology.Atabletwitheducationalsoftwarenolongerneededstate-by-statecurricularcustomization.Itcouldnowbesoldtotheentirecountry.

ThisnewGoldRushattractedpeoplelikeRupertMurdoch,nototherwiseknownforhisconcernforAmericanpedagogy,whowouldgoontoinvestover$1billionintoed-techcompanycalledAmplify,withthestatedmissionofsellingeverystudentinAmericatheirproprietarytablet-foronly$199-alongwiththesoftwareandannuallicensingfees.

Amplifyhiredhundredsofvideogamedesignerstobuildeducationalvideogames-whiletheyandothertechentrepreneursattemptedtosellthenotionthatAmericanstudentsnolongerhadtheattentionspanfortraditionaleducation.Theirsolution:Educatetheminamorestimulatingand"engaging”manner.

Butlet'slookmorecloselyatthatclaim.ADHDrateshaveindeedexplodedby50percentoverthepast10yearswiththeU.S.CentersforDiseaseControlandPrevention(CDC)indicatingthatratescontinuetorisebyfivepercentperyear.YetmanyresearchersandneuroscientistsbelievethatthisADHDepidemicisadirectresultofchildrenbeinghyper-stimulated.Usinghyper-stimulatingdigitalcontentto"engage”thosedistractedstudentsexacerbates(使……恶化)theproblemthatitendeavorstosolve.ItcreatesaviciousandaddictiveADHDcycle:Themoreachildisstimulated,themorethatchildneedstokeepgettingstimulatedinordertoholdtheirattention.

Murdoch'sAmplifywasn'ttheonlydubioused-techcash-grab.ThecityofLosAngeleshadenteredintoa$1.3billioncontractin2014tobuyiPadsloadedwithPearsoneducationalsoftwareforallofits650,000Kthrough12thstudents-untiltheFBIinvestigateditscontractandfoundthatnow-formerSuperintendentJohnDeasyhadacloserelationshipwithAppleandPearsonexecutives.(BeforethedealwaskilledinDecember2014,thePearsonplatformhadimcompletedandessentiallyworthlesscurriculumandsuchfeeblesecurityrestrictionsstudentsthatbypasstheminweeks.)

DespitetheAmplifyandLAdebacles,othersstillseektoconvincenaiveschoolsadministratorsthatscreensaretheeducationalpanacea.YetasmoreAmericanschoolslayoffteacherswhilesettingasidescarcebudgetdollarsfortech,manyeducatorsandparentsalikehavebeguntoask:Doanyofthesehypnoticmarvelsofthedigitalageactuallyproducebettereducationaloutcomesforthekidswhousethem?

Dr.KentaroToyama,anassociateprofessorattheUniversityofMichigan’sSchoolofInformation,oncebelievedthattechnologyintheclassroomcouldsolvetheproblemsofmodernurbaneducation.NoLuddite,hehadreceivedhisPh.D.incomputersciencefromYaleandhadmovedtoIndiain2004tohelpfoundanewresearchlabformobilephonesandothertechnologiesthatcouldhelpeducateIndia’sbillion-pluspopulation.

Ratherthanfindingadigitaleducationalcure,hecametounderstandwhathercallstechnology's“LawofAmplification":technologycouldhelpeducationwhereit’salreadydoingwell,butitdoeslittleformediocreeducationalsystems.Worse,indysfunctionalschools,it"cancauseoutrightharm."Headded,"Unfortunately,thereisnotechnologicalfix...moretechnologyonlymagnifiessocioeconomicdisparities,andtheonlywaytoavoidthatisnon-technological.”

Weareprojectingourowninfatuationwithshinytechnology,assumingourlittledigitalnativeswouldratherlearnusinggadgets—whilewhattheycraveandneedishumancontactwithflesh-and-bloodeducators.

SchoolsneedtoheedthisresearchinordertotrulyunderstandhowtobestnurturerealintrinsiclearningandnotfallfortheSirensongofthetechcompanies-andalloftheirhypnoticscreens.

1.Theauthorimpliesthatthescreenrevolution（）.

2.Whatdoes“lie”inpara.3mean?

3.Whydotheclassroomhigh-techsattractpeoplelikeMurdoch?

4.“Luddite”inparagraph12meansapersonwhoisopposedto（）.

5.Itseemsthattheauthorapproveshighlyof（）intheclassroomandschooleducation.

问题1选项

A.hindersthechangeoftheteachingmethods

B.helpsthestudyofteachingmethodsdevelop

C.dominatesthestudyofteachingmethods

D.changestogetherwiththechangeofthestudyofteachingmethods

问题2选项

A.Techintheclassroomleadstoworseeducationaloutcomesforkids

B.NoteveryclassroomintheU.S.isequippedwithscreens

C.Technologyintheclassroomisnecessaryandbeneficialineducation

D.Raisedonahigh-techdietappearstobeadirectbyproductofthekids'digitalimmersion

问题3选项

A.Followthemoney

B.Followtheroutineofhigh-tech

C.Advocatefundamentaleducation

D.Enlargetheinfluenceoftheirownbrands

问题4选项

A.democracy

B.newtechnology

C.work

D.education

问题5选项

A.smartboards

B.chromebooks

C.humaninteraction

D.on-linelearning

【答案】第1题:A

第2题:C

第3题:A

第4题:B

第5题:C

【解析】第1题:1.推理判断题。题干询问：作者暗示，屏幕革命如何？根据原文第三段“Thisisalie”可知，这是作者对于上文提到的“…wehaveacceptedtechintheclassroomasanecessaryandbeneficialevolutionineducation.”这一观点持有否定态度，不应该将教室中的技术视为教育中必要且有益的发展。而根据原文第四段第一句“Techintheclassroomnotonlyleadstoworseeducationaloutcome,forkids,whichIwillexplainshortly,itcanalsoclinicallyhurtthem.”可知，这些技术不仅会使孩子们的课堂教学质量下降，还会对孩子造成伤害。因此，可排除B选项；根据第二段第一句可知，technology在教育界占有重要地位，而不是screenrevolution，故排除C；而D选项“随着教学方法研究的变化而变化”在原文中并未提及。所以，只有A项“阻碍教育方法的改变”最符合原文内容，故本题正确答案为A选项。

第2题:2.推理判断题。题干询问：第三段中的“lie”指的是什么？根据上下文可知，第三段中的this指代的是上文第二段提出的“将教室中的技术视为教育中必要且有益的发展”这一观点，作者认为这种观点就是谎言，所以是对这一观点进行否定。因此，通过分析上下文语境可知，“lie”是指C选项“课堂上的技术是必要的，对教育也是有益的”。A选项表示“教室里的科技导致了孩子们更糟糕的教育结果”，B选项表示“不是美国的每个教室都有屏幕”，D选项表示“在高科技饮食中长大似乎是孩子们沉浸数字的直接副产品”。

第3题:3.细节事实题。题干询问：为什么课堂高科技会吸引像默多克这样的人？在原文第五段，作者将课堂科技比作特洛伊木马，而课堂科技之所以能进入课堂，都是因为后文提到的“followthemoney”。接着作者讲到课堂科技拥有巨大的产业价值，而这样的淘金热自然会吸引默多克这样的大亨。由此可知，默多克这样的人被吸引而来主要是为了追求财富。因此，本题正确答案为A选项。

第4题:4.细节事实题。题干询问：第12段中“Luddite”是指反对什么的人？将“Luddite”定位到原文中第12段可以发现，Dr.KentaroToyama是一位非“Luddite”，而他认为课堂技术可以解决现代教育中的问题。那么，“Luddite”自然就是反对“课堂技术可以解决现代教育中的问题”的人，也就是反对新技术的人。由此可以判断，B选项表述符合原文内容，故本题正确答案为B选项。

第5题:5.细节事实题。题干询问：作者似乎高度赞扬课堂和学校教育中的什么？根据原文倒数第二段“Weareprojectingourowninfatuationwithshinytechnology,assumingourlittledigitalnativeswouldratherlearnusinggadgets—whilewhattheycraveandneedishumancontactwithflesh-and-bloodeducators.”可知，我们把自己对于科技的迷恋投射到了课堂上，认为我们的学生宁可学习使用小工具。然而，他们渴望和需要的是与有血有肉的教育者进行接触。所以作者提倡在课堂和学校教育中需要的是人与人之间的互动。因此，本题正确答案为C选项。

3.单选题

Childrenare（）tohavesomeaccidentsastheygrowup.

问题1选项

A.obvious

B.bound

C.indispensable

D.doubtless

【答案】B

【解析】考查形容词辨析。A选项obvious“明显的；显著的；平淡无奇的”；B选项bound“受约束的；被……限制的”；C选项indispensable“不可缺少的；绝对必要的”；D选项doubtless“无疑的”。句意：孩子们在成长过程中……会发生一些意外。本题还需要注意的是搭配，beboundto表示“必然”符合本句句意。

4.单选题

Thedoctors（）themedicinestothepeoplethefloodarea.

问题1选项

A.distributed

B.packed

C.prayed

D.undertook

【答案】A

【解析】考查动词辨析。A选项.distributed“分配，分开”。B选项packed“损失，代价”。C选项prayed“祈祷”。D选项undertook“保证，承担”。句意：医生们把药品分发给水灾地区的人们。因此A选项符合题意。

5.单选题

Theconceptof"civilsociety"hasplayedacentralroleintherecentglobaldebateaboutthepreconditionsfordemocracyanddemocratization.Inthenewerdemocraciesthisphrasehasproperlyfocusedattentionontheneedtofosteravibrantciviclifeinsoilstraditionallyinhospitabletoself-government.Intheestablisheddemocracies,ironically,growingnumbersofcitizensarequestioningtheeffectivenessoftheirpublicinstitutionsattheverymomentwhenliberaldemocracyhassweptthebattlefield,bothideologicallyandgeopolitically.InAmerica,atleast,thereisreasontosuspectthatthisdemocraticdisarraymaybelinkedtoabroadandcontinuingerosionofcivicengagementthatbeganaquarter-centuryago.Highonourscholarlyagendashouldbethequestionofwhetheracomparableerosionofsocialcapitalmaybeunderwayinotheradvanceddemocracies,perhapsindifferentinstitutionalandbehavioralguises.HighonAmerica'sagendashouldbethequestionofhowtoreversetheseadversetrendsinsocialconnectedness,thusrestoringcivicengagementandcivictrust.

InBowlingAlone(2000)Putnamfollowedupwithacomprehensiveexplorationofasubstantialarrayofdatasources.Theevidencebegantolookconvincing.Firstintherealmofcivicengagementandsocialconnectednesshewasabletodemonstratethat,forexample,overthelastthreedecadesofthetwentiethcenturytherehadbeenaFundamentalshiftin:

Politicalandcivicengagement.Voting:politicalknowledge,politicaltrust,andgrassrootspoliticalactivismamalldown.Americanssign30percentfewerpetitionsandare40percentlesslikelytojoinaconsumerboycott,ascomparedtojustadecadeortwoago.Thedeclinesareequallyvisibleinnon-politicalcommunitylife:membershipandactivityinallsortsoflocalclubsandcivicandreligiousorganizationshavebeenfallingatanacceleratingpace.Inthemid-1970stheaverageAmericanattendedsomeclubmeetingeverymonth,by1998thatrateofattendancehadbeencutbynearly60percent.

Informalsocialties.In1975theaverageAmericanentertainedfriendsathome15timesperyear;theequivalentfigure(1998)isnowbarelyhalfthat.Virtuallyallleisureactivitiesthatinvolvedoingsomethingwithsomeoneelse,fromplayingvolleyballtoplayingchambermusic,aredeclining.

Toleranceandtrust.AlthoughAmericansaremoretolerantofoneanotherthanwerepreviousgenerations,theytrustoneanotherless.Surveydataprovideonemeasureofthegrowthofdishonestyanddistrust,butthereareotherindicators.Forexample,employmentopportunitiesforpolice,lawyers,andsecuritypersonnelwerestagnantformostofthiscentury-indeed,Americahadfewerlawyerspercapitain1970thanin1900.Inthelastquartercenturytheseoccupationsboomed,aspeoplehaveincreasinglyturnedtothecourtsandthepolice.

Hewentontoexaminethepossiblereasonsforthisdecline.Crucially,hewasabletodemonstratethatsomefavoritecandidatesforblamecouldnotberegardedassignificant.Residentialmobilityhadactuallybeendecliningforthelasthalfofthecentury.Timepressure,especiallyontwo-careerfamilies,couldonlybeamarginalcandidate.Somefamiliarthemesremainedthough:

Changesinfamilystructure(i.e.withmoreandmorepeoplelivingalone),areapossibleelementasconventionalavenuestocivicinvolvementarenotwell-designedforsingleandchildlesspeople.Suburbansprawlhasfracturedthespatialintegrityofpeople’s.Theytravelmuchfurthertowork,shopandenjoyleisureopportunities.Asaresultthereislesstimeavailable(andlessinclination)tobecomeinvolvedingroups.Suburbansprawlisaverysignificantcontributor.

Electronicentertainment,especiallytelevision,hasprofoundlyprivatizedleisuretime.Thetimewespendwatchingtelevisionisadirectdrainuponinvolvementingroupsandsocialcapitalbuildingactivities.Itmaycontributeupto40percentofthedeclineininvolvementingroups.

However,generationalchangecameoutasaverysignificantfactor.A“longcivicgeneration,"borninthefirstthirdofthetwentiethcentury,isnowpassingfromtheAmericanscene."Theirchildrenandgrandchildren(babyboomersandGenerationX-ers)aremuchlessengagedinmostformsofcommunitylife.Forexample,thegrowthinvolunteeringoverthelasttenyearsisduealmostentirelytoincreasedvolunteeringbyretireesfromthelongcivicgeneration".Thebookalsoexplorestheconsequencesofadeclineinsocialcapital(andthebenefitsenjoyedbythosecommunitieswithasubstantialstockofit),andwhatcanbedone.

Variouscriticismscanbemountedagainsttheargument-andmosttellingly,initially,againstthedataanditsinterpretation-however,Putnamhasmountedaverysignificantandsustainedcasehere-butitisstillopentovariouscriticisms.

1.Accordingtothetext,whichoneofthefollowingstatementistrue?

2.WhichpositionwasNOTstagnantformostofthiscenturyaccordingtoPutnam’sexploration?

3.WhatisthechangeonsigningpetitionsandjoiningboycottsinAmerica?

4.Howdoesthefamilystructureinfluencepeople'scivicinvolvement?

5.Whichofthefollowingcanbestdescribeauthors’opiniononPutnam'sexploration?

问题1选项

A.Americansarenowtendingtotakingpartinnon-politicalactivitiesratherthanpoliticalactivities.

B.Currentcomplaintsindemocraciesmainlyfocusontheintegrityofgovernmentandpoliticians.

C.Americansaremoretolerantofoneanotherthanbeforewhiletheytrusteachotherless.

D.Thereisnoproofthatsuburbansprawlhasanythingtodowithpeople’sinvolvementingroups.

问题2选项

A.Policeofficer

B.Attorneys

C.Securityguard

D.Nursingassistant

问题3选项

A.Peoplesign30%fewerpetitionsandjoin40%fewerboycotts.

B.Peoplesign40%fewerpetitionsandjoin30%fewerboycotts.

C.Peoplesign40%morepetitionsandjoin30%moreboycotts.

D.Peoplesign30%morepetitionsandjoin40%moreboycotts.

问题4选项

A.PeoplefinditmoreinterestingspendingtimewatchingTVratherthangoingoutside.

B.Traditionalwaysoftakingpartincivicactivitiesarepoorforsingleandchildlesscouples.

C.Contradictionsbetweenfamilymemberspreventpeoplefromcivicinvolvement.

D.Ittakestoomuchtimeforpeopletoenjoyleisureopportunities.

问题5选项

A.Itisenoughforustodrawaconclusiononcivicengagementandsocialconnectedness.

B.Morediscussionsarestillneededinsolvingtheproblemsofcivilsociety.

C.ThecaseofAmericanscanbeappliedtomorecountriesandregions.

D.Itisanoverduereportforsocialandethnologicalstudy.

【答案】第1题:C

第2题:D

第3题:A

第4题:B

第5题:B

【解析】第1题:1.事实细节题。第五段指出：AlthoughAmericansaremoretolerantofoneanotherthanwerepreviousgenerations,theytrustoneanotherless(尽管美国人比前几代人对彼此更加宽容，但他们对彼此的信任却减少了)，因此，C项“美国人彼此比从前更加宽容和包容，但是彼此间的信任却减少了”正确。

第2题:2.事实细节题。根据题干关键词stagnant可定位至第五段“…employmentopportunitiesforpolice,lawyers,andsecuritypersonnelwerestagnant”，警察、律师和保安人员的就业前景变得昏暗。因此，本题选D项“护理助理”。

第3题:3.事实细节题。第三段指出：Americanssign30percentfewerpetitionsandare40percentlesslikelytojoinaconsumerboycott(美国人签署的请愿书不到30%，40%的人不那么想参加消费者抵制活动了)，由此可知A项“签署的请愿书的人不到30%，参与消费者抵制活动的人不到40%”正确。

第4题:4.事实细节题。题干问的是:家庭结构如何影响人们的公民参与？A：人们发现看电视比参加户外活动更有趣。这不是“家庭结构”这一要素所产生的影响，故排除。B：因为传统参与公共活动的方式不适合单身的和没孩子的人群。第七段指出：...asconventionalavenuestocivicinvolvementarenotwell-designedforsingleandchildlesspeople(因为传统参与公共活动的方式不适合单身的和没孩子的人群)。因此B项正确。C：家庭成员之间的矛盾，使得人们无法参与公共活动，文章并未提及。D：人们没有太多的时间享受休闲时光。第七段指出：Suburbansprawlhasfracturedthespatialintegrityofpeople's.Theytravelmuchfurthertowork,shopandenjoyleisureopportunities.Asaresultthereislesstimeavailable（andlessinclination）tobecomeinvolvedingroups（市郊的扩张割裂了人们生活空间的完整性。人们必须长途跋涉到更远的地方去工作、购物和享受闲暇时光。因此，参与团体的时间更少（倾向也更少））。因此D项不正确。综上所述，本题选B。

第5题:5.判断推理题。最后一段表明：针对这一论点，有各种各样的批评——最能说明问题的是，最初的批评是针对数据及其解释的——然而，普特南提出了一个非常重要和持久的论点——但是目前还无法给出一个定论。因此B项“要解决公民社会的问题，还需要大量的讨论”正确。

6.单选题

CordiaHarringtonwastiredofstandingupalldayandsmellinglikeFrenchfriesatnight.SheownedandoperatedthreeMcDonald’sshopsinIllinois,butasadivorcedmotherofthreeboys,sheyearnedforabusinessthatwouldprovideforherchildrenandletherspendmoretimewiththem.

Herluckymomentcame,strangelyenough,aftershewasnominatedin1992tobeontheMcDonald'sbuncommittee.“Thecompanypickedmeupinacorporatejettoseebakeriesaroundtheworld.”Sherecalls.“EverytimeIwenttoameeting,Ilovedit.Thiswasglobal!”

Theexperienceopenedhereyestobusinesspossibilities.WhenMcDonald’sdecideditwantedanewbunsupplier,Harringtonbecamedeterminedtowinthecontract,eventhoughshehadnoexperiencerunningabakery.

Harringtonstudiedthebakerybusinessandmadesureshewasneveroffexecutives’radar.“Ifyouhaveadream,youcan’twaitforpeopletocallyou,”shesays.“SoI’dvisitamillandsendthemphotosofmyself,inabaker’shatandjacket,holdingasignthatsays“Iwanttobeyourbaker.”Afterfouryearsand32interviews,herpersistencepaidoff.

Harringtonsealedthedealwithahandshake,soldhershopsandborrowed$13.5million.Shewasreadytobuildthefaster,mostautomatedbakeryintheworld.

TheTennesseeBunCompanyopenedaheadofschedulein1997intimeforaslumpinUSfast-foodsalesforMcDonald’s.BeforeHarringtonknewit,shewasdowntoherlast$20,000,notenoughtocoverpayroll.AndheragreementwithMcDonald’srequiredthatshesellexclusivelytothecompany.“Icriedmyselftosleepmanynights,”sherecalls.“IreallydidthinkIamgoingtogobankrupt”.

ButHarringtonworkedoutanagreementtosupplyPepperideFarmaswell.“McDonald’scouldseebenefitifourproductionwentupandpriceswentdownandnobenefitifwewentoutofbusiness,”shesays.“Thatdealsavedus.”

Overthenexteightyears,Haringtonbranchedoutevenmore:Shestartedherowntruckingbusiness,addedacold-storagecompany,andnowhasthreebakeriesproducingfreshbunsandfrozendough—allnowknownastheBuncompanies.Speedisstillapriority:Ittakes11peopleatthemainbakerytomakeout60,000bunsanhourforclientsacross40states,SouthAmerica,andtheCaribbean.

Gratefulforthebreaksshe’shad,Harringtonispassionateaboutprovidingopportunitiestoall230employees.“Financialsuccessisthemostfunwhenyoucangiveitaway,”shesays.

Thecurrenteconomyischallenging.Someofherclients’saleshavedeclined,butshe’sfoundnewclientsandimprovedefficienciestohelpsustaintheeconomy’sdouble-digitgrowth.

CordiaHarringtondoesn’thavetostandonherfeetalldayanymore.Twoofherthreesonsnowworkforher.Andshe'smarriedherhusband,Tom,isnowherCFO.

"Thisismorethanajob,”saysHarrington.“It'samission.I'malwaysthinking.Howcanwebestserveouremployees?Ifwesupportthem,they’lldotheirbesttolookafterourclients.That’showitworkshere.”

1.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingwasmostsignificantinHarrington’searlycareer?

2.“Harrington....madesureshewasneveroffexecutives‘radar’"(ParagraphFour)meansthatshe（）.

3.Howdidshesurvivethecrisisofthebakerybusiness?

4.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisINCORRECTindescribinghercurrentbusiness?

5.AccordingtothepassagewhichofthefollowingisfundamentaltoHarrington’ssuccess?

问题1选项

A.Hertravelandthevisitstobakeriesaroundtheworld.

B.HernominationontheMcDonald’sbuncommittee.

C.Abusinesscontractwithlocalbunsuppliers.

D.Theinterviewsandexperienceinrunningabakery.

问题2选项

A.herselfwantedtobeacompanyexecutive

B.meanttohireexecutivestorunthebusiness

C.meanttokeephermanagementknowledgeandskills

D.focusedonthemanagementofthebakerybusiness

问题3选项

A.Byopeningherbuncompanyaheadofschedule.

B.Bysupplyingbunsforanothercompany.

C.BykeepingsuppliesupforMcDonald.

D.BymakinganewagreementwithMcDonald.

问题4选项

A.Itisfastgrowing.

B.Itisdiversified.

C.Itsclientsarealllocal.

D.Itismoreefficient.

问题5选项

A.Perseveranceandconcernforemployees.

B.Businessexpansionandfamilysupport.

C.Efficiencyandloveforthefamily.

D.Opportunitiesandspeed.

【答案】第1题:A

第2题:C

第3题:B

第4题:C

第5题:A

【解析】第1题:1.判断推理题。根据第三段的首句“Theexperienceopenedhereyestobusinesspossibilities.这次经历使她看到了商机”，也就是说，在哈林顿的早期职业生涯中最重要的是这次经历。再根据上一段的内容可知，这次经历是在她被任命为麦当劳的面包委员会委员后，公司派专机接她去看世界各地的面包房。所以选项A符合原文。本题容易错选B，但被任命后如果没有那些经历，也不能对她的职业产生影响，所以重要的还是“experience”。

第2题:2.判断推理题。根据原文句意“哈林顿学习了怎样经营面包店，并且确保自己从来没有离开过管理层的视线”，由此可知，她这样做是为了保持她的管理知识和技能，所以选项C正确。选项A“她自己想成为一名公司主管”不正确，因为她是想自己经营一家公司而不是成为主管；选项B“打算雇佣管理人员来经营企业”不正确，这时候她自己还没有开公司，所以谈不上雇佣；选项D“专注于面包房业务的管理”也不正确，因为上一段提到她没有经营面包店的经验，所以她学习的是如何经营面包店，而不是业务管理。只有选项C符合原文。

第3题:3.细节事实题。根据第七段的最后一句话“那笔交易救了我们”，这里的交易指的是本段首句提到的“达成协议为Pepperide农场供应面包”。所以选项B“向另一家公司供应面包”正确。

第4题:4.细节事实题。根据第八段的最后一句“Ittakes11peopleatthemainbakerytomakeout60,000bunsanhourforclientsacross40states,SouthAmerica,andtheCaribbean.面包店的11个人每小时要为来自40个州、南美洲和加勒比海地区的客户制作6万个面包。”由此可知，她的客户不仅仅是当地的，所以选项C不正确。

第5题:5.判断推理题。根据最后一段的内容“‘这不仅仅是一份工作，’哈林顿说。‘这是一个任务。我总是思考。我们怎样才能更好地为员工服务？如果我们支持他们，他们就会尽力照顾我们的客户。这就是这里的运作方式。’”由此可知，关心员工是哈林顿成功的根本原因之一。除此之外，还有原文前面所提及的她自己付出的努力，以及自己坚持不懈的精神是她事业成功的另一个根本原因。所以选项A正确。

7.单选题

Theengineersinthislabspentseveralweeks（）theirplansforthenewbicycle.

问题1选项

A.counting

B.stripping

C.elaborating

D.casting

【答案】C

【解析】考查动词辨析。A选项count“计数，计算”。B选项strip“剥夺，剥去”。C选项elaborate“精心制作，详细阐述”。D选项cast“投，抛”。句意：这个实验室的工程师们花了几个星期的时间来详细制定他们的新自行车计划。根据句意可知，C项正确。

8.翻译题

TheRealReasonMattDamonWasBroughtintoSaveAncientChina"Now,whataboutthatmovieabouttheGreatWallofChinastarringeveryone’sfavoriteChineseactorMattDamon?"

1.Itwasjustoneofaslewofcommentsonsocialmediainthepastfewweekslampooningahugeactionmoviethatisscheduledtohittheatersearlyin2017.“TheGreatWall”,aco-productionbetweenChinaandHollywood,isthemostexpensivefilmevershotentirelyinChina,costingmorethan$150million.ThemoviefeaturesMattDamon,WillemDafoeandaslateofpopularChineseactorsusingtheGreatWalltodefendhumanityfromamonsterattack.

Butsincethefilm’strailerwasreleased,journalistsandcommentatorsonsocialmediahavecriticizeditfor"whitewashing"—replacingrolesthatcouldorshouldbecastwithactorsofcolorwithwhiteactors.WhatisMattDamondoingsavingancientChina,anyway?Couldn’ttheChinesehandlethatonthemselves?

2.Thecriticsdefinitelyhaveapoint—thefilmindustryhasalongaridtroublinghistoryofminimizingactorsofcolors.Someintheindustryboycottedthe2016Oscars,afteronlywhiteactorsandactresseswerechosenforthetopfourcategoriesforthesecondyearinarow.Andmoviesincluding.“Dr.Strange”,“GhostintheShell"and“Aloha”haveallrecentlybeencriticizedforcastingwhiteactressesinoriginallyAsianroles,justthelatestepisodeinalonghistoryofwhitewashinginHollywood.

Yet,there’salsoanironythatmanyhavemissed.DespiteDamon’sprominentappearance,thenutsandboltsof"TheGreatWall”aremoreChinesethanperhapsanymajorco-productionbetweentheUnitedStatesandChinahasbeenbefore.WithinChina,themovieisbeinghailedasthefirstofitskindtobemadebyamajorChinesedirector,backedbyChinese-ownedHollywoodstudioandfeaturingChinesehistoricalthemes.Andifsuccessful,itcouldmarkastepforwardfortheinfluenceoftheChinesefilmindustryaroundtheworld.

"TheGreatWallisdefinitelyamongthebiggestbudgetco-productions,andit’sthefirstverylargebudgetoneinwhichthereisamajorChinesecreativeforcebehindit,”saysAnneKokas,asassistantprofessorofmediastudiesattheUniversityofVirginiaandtheauthoroftheforthcomingbook,“HollywoodmadeinChina.”“That’spartofthestorythat'sgettingleftout.”

3.Inrecentyears,Hollywoodhasbegunavidlycourtingmovie-goersinChina,theworld’sseconds-largestmarketthatcouldsurpasstheUnitedStatestobecomethelargestnextyear.TheChinesefilmindustryisalsoeagertodevelopfilmsthatappealtoitsownaudiencesthatcanalsosucceedoutsideitsborders.CreatingafilmthatcapturesaudiencesinbothChinaandtheUnitedStateshasbeenaHollyGrailfortheglobalfilmthisyear,thefirsttimeamajorAmericanproductioncompanyhascomeunderChineseControl.

ThefilmwaswrittenbyHollywoodscreenwriters,anditfeaturesWesternstarsDamon,DafoeandPedroPascal,apparentlyinabidtoattractaudiencesoutsideChina'sborders.ThereisanotherlessrecognizedwayinwhichtheheroismofDamon'scharacter,aEuropeanmercenary,whoultimatelyhelpstosaveChina,couldbeseenasproblematic.

4.DirectorZhangYimouspokeouttodefend"TheGreatWall”againstchargesofwhitewashinglatelastweek.“Inmanyways'TheGreatWall’istheoppositeofwhatisbeingsuggested.Forthefirsttime,afilmdeeplyrootedinChineseculture,withoneofthelargestChinesecastseverassembled,isbeingmadeattentpolescaleforaworldaudience.”Headded,"MattDamonisnotplayingarolethatwasoriginallyconceivedforaChineseactor."

Othershavepointedtoanobviousprofitmotiveinthechoice,sayingthatDamon'spresenceinthefilmislikelytobringinviewersaroundtheworldwhowouldn’tordinarilywatchafilmsetinanci