考研英语-强化新题型

本资料由"五千网"友情2005PARTB部分新增的一个考题。此题虽然有三种备

做此题的从命题形式看命题-一篇填空式阅读的文章也是由两大信息板块组成的：已知信息-（原文在空缺之外的没有被挖掉的信息）测试点分做题大原–连贯性–把握了衔接原则–Nodisciplineshaveseizedonprofessionalismwithasmuchenthusiasmasthehumanities.Youcan,Mr.Menandpointsout,becamealawyerinthreeyearsandamedicaldoctorinfour.Buttheregulartimeittakestogetadoctoraldegreeinthehumanitiesisnineyears.Notsurprisingly,uptohalfofalldoctoralstudentsinEnglishdropoutbeforegettingtheirdegrees.Hisconcernismainlywiththehumanities:Literature,languages,philosophyandsoon.Thesearedisciplinesthataregoingoutofstyle:22%ofAmericancollegegraduatesnowmajorinbusinesscomparedwithonly2%inhistoryand4%inEnglish.However,manyleadingAmericanuniversitieswanttheirundergraduatestohaveagroundinginthebasiccanonofideasthateveryeducated shouldposses.Butmostfinditdifficulttoagreeonwhata“generaleducation”shouldlooklike.AtHarvard,Mr.Menandnotes,“thegreatbooksarereadbecausetheyhavebeenread”-theyformasortofsocialglue.Equallyunsurprisingly,onlyabouthalfendupwithprofessorshipsforwhichtheyenteredgraduateschool.Therearesimplytoofewposts.ThisispartlybecauseuniversitiescontinuetoproduceevermorePhDs.Butfewerstudentswanttostudyhumanitiessubjects:Englishdepartmentsawardedmorebachelor’sdegreesin1970-71thantheydid20yearslater.Fewerstudentsrequirefewerteachers.So,attheendofadecadeoftheses-writing,manyhumanitiesstudentsleavetheprofessiontodosomethingforwhichtheyhavenotbeentrained.OnereasonwhyitishardtodesignandteachsuchcoursesisthattheycancutacrosstheinsistencebytopAmericanuniversitiesthatliberal-artseducationsandprofessionaleducationshouldbekeptseparate,taughtindifferentschools.Manystudentsexperiencebothvarieties.AlthoughmorethanhalfofHarvardundergraduatesendupinlaw,medicineorbusiness,futuredoctorsandlawyersmuststudyanon-specialistliberal-artsdegreebeforeembarkingonaprofessionalBesidesprofessionalizingtheprofessionsbythisseparation,topAmericanuniversitieshaveprofessionalizedtheprofessor.Thegrowthinpublicmoneyforacademicresearchhasspeededtheprocess:federalresearchgrantsrosefourfoldbetween1960and1990,butfacultyteachinghoursfellbyhalfasresearchtookitstoll.Professionalismhasturnedtheacquisitionofadoctoraldegreeintoaprerequisiteforasuccessfulacademiccareer:aslateas1969athirdofAmericanprofessorsdidnotpossessone.Butthekeyideabehindprofessionalization,arguesMr.Menand,isthat“theknowledgeandskillsneededforaparticularspecializationaretransmissiblebutnottransferable.”Sodisciplinesacquireamonopolynotjustovertheproductionofknowledge,butalsoovertheproductionoftheproducersofknowledge.Thekeytoreforminghighereducation,concludesMr.Menand,istoalterthewayinwhich“theproducersofknowledgeareproduced.”Otherwise,academicswillcontinuetothinkdangerouslyalike,increasinglydetachedfromthesocietieswhichtheystudy,investigateandcriticize.”Academicinquiry,atleastinsomefields,mayneedto elessexclusionaryandmoreholistic.”Yetquitehowthathappens,Mr.Menanddosenotsay.ThesubtleandinligentlittlebookTheMarketplaceofIdeas:ReformandintheAmericanUniversityshouldbereadbyeverystudentthinkingofapplyingtotakeadoctoraldegree.Theymaythendecidetogoelsewhere.ForsomethingcurioushasbeenhappeninginAmericanUniversities,andLouisMenand,aprofessorofEnglishatHarvardUniversity,captureditskillfully.GEGE方法1：复现结构定位法方法2：上下文逻辑关系定大纲样题Inthefollowingarticle,somesentenceshavebeenremoved.ForQuestions41-45,choosethemostsuitableonefromthelistA-Gtofitintoeachofthenumberedblank.Therearetwoextrachoices,whichdonotfitinanyofthegaps.MarkyouranswersonANSWERSHEET1.(10points)LongbeforeManlivedontheEarth,therewerefishes,reptiles,birds,insects,andsomemammals.Althoughsomeoftheseanimalswereancestorsofkindslivingtoday,othersarenowextinct,thatis,theyhavenodescendantsalivenow.41Veryoccasionallytherocksshowimpressionofskin,sothat,apartfromcolor,wecanbuildupareasonablyaccuratepictureofananimalthatdiedmillionsofyearsago.Thatkindofrockinwhichtheremainsarefoundlsusmuchaboutthenatureoftheoriginalland,oftenoftheplantsthatgrewonit,andevenofitsclimate.Nearlyallofthefossilsthatweknowwerepinrocksformedbywateraction,andmostoftheseareofanimalsthatlivedinornearwater.Thusitfollowsthattheremustbemanykindsofmammals,birds,andinsectsofwhichweknownoting.Therewerealsocrablikecreatures,whosebodieswerecoveredwithahornysubstance.Thebodysegmentseachhadtwopairsoflegs,onepairforwalkingonthesandybottom,theotherforswimming.Theheadwasakindofshieldwithapairofcompoundeyes,oftenwiththousandsoflenses.Theywereusuallyaninchortwolongbutsomewere2feet.Ofthese,theammonitesareveryinterestingandimportant.shave composedofmanychambers,eachrepresentingatemporaryhomeofsanimal.Astheyounggrewlargeritgrewanewchamberandsealedoffthepreviousone.ThousandsofthesecanbeseenintherocksontheDorsetCoast.75millionyears of wasover75millionyearsthegroupsdiedout.Themammalsquicklydeveloped,andwecantracetheevolutionofmanyfamiliaranimalssuchastheelephantandhorse.Manyofthelatermammalsthoughnowextinct,wereknowntoprimitivemanandwerefeaturedbyhimincavepaintingsandonbonecarvings. havealonghistoryintherockandmanydifferentkindsare Nevertheless,weknowagreatdealaboutmanyofthembecausetheirbonessshavebeen in asfossils.Fromthemwe ltheirand ,howtheywalked,thekindoffoodthey150million300millionyears animalswithtruebackboneswerethefishes,knownintherocksof375millionyears150million300millionyearstheseweretheprincipalformsoflifeonland,inthesea,andintheThebestindexfossilstendtobemarinecreature.Thereanimalsevolvedrapidlyandspreadoverlargeoverlargeareasoftheworld.longarmslongarmsandwereattachedbyalongtotheseabed,ortoWhenananimaldies,thebody,itsbones,ors,mayoftenbecarriedstreamsintolakesortheandtheregetcoveredupbymud.streamsintolakesortheManyfactorscaninfluencehowfossilsarepinrocks.Remainsofananismmaybereplacedbyminerals,dissolvedbyanacidicsolutiontoleaveonlytheirimpression,orsimplyreducedtoamorestable–/––题分-3：举例定位设定在原文信息 设定在待选信息设定在待选信息 设定在原文信息ThemainproblemindiscussingAmericanpopularcultureisalsooneofitsmaincharacteristics:itwon’tstayAmerican.nomatterwhatitis,whetheritisfi,foodandfashion,music,casualsportsorslang,it’ssoonathomeelsewhereintheworld.ThereareseveraltheorieswhyAmericanpopularculturehashadthisappeal.Onetheoryisthatishasbeen“advertised”andmarketedthroughAmericanfi,popularmusic,andmorerecently,evision.41Theyare,afterall,incompetitionwiththoseproducedbyothercountries.Anothertheory,probablyamorecommonone,isthatAmericanpopularcultureisinternationallyassociatedwithsomethingcalled“thespiritofAmerica.”42Thefinaltheoryislesscomplex:Americanpopularcultureispopularbecausealotofpeopleintheworldlikeit.Regardlessofwhyitsspreads,Americanpopularcultureisusuallyquiterapidlyadoptedandthenadaptedinmanyothercountries.43BlackleatherjacketswornbymanyheroesinAmericanmoviescouldbefound,agenerationlater,onallthoseyoungmenwhowantedtomakethismanly-looktheirown.Twoareaswherethiscontinuingprocessismostclearlyseenareclothingandmusic.Somepeoplecanstillrememberatime.WhenT-shirts,joggingclothes,tennisshoes,denimjackets,andbluejeanswerenotcommondailyweareverywhere.Onlytwentyyearsago,itwaspossibletospotanAmericaninParisbyhisorherclothes.Nolongerso:thosebrightcolors,checkeredjacketsandtrousers,hatsandsockswhichwereoncemadefunincartoonsarebackagaininParisasthelatest44ThesituationwithAmericanpopularmusicismorecomplexbecauseinthebeginning,whenitwasstillclearlyAmerican,itwasoftenstronglyresisted.Jazzwasoncethoughttobeagreatdangertoyouthandtheirmorals,andwasactuallyoutlawedinseveralcountries.Today,whilestillshowingitsratherAmericanroots,it esowellestablished.Rock“n”rollandallitsvariations,country&westernmusic,allhavemoreorlesssimilarhistories.Theywereresisted,ofteninAmericaaswell,asbeing“low-class,”andthenas“adangertoournation’syouth.”45Andthenthemusicbecameacceptedandwasextendedandwasextendedanddeveloped,andexportedbacktotheU.S.Asaresult,itsAmericanoriginsandrootsareoftenquicklyfotten.“happybirthdaytoyou,”forinstance,issuchaneverydaysongthatitssource,itsAmericancopyright,sotospeak,isnotremembered.ButthistheoryfailstoexplainwhyAmericanfi,music,andevision,programsaresopopularinthemselves.Americaninorigin,informalclothinghas etheworld’strulyuniversalTheBBC,forexample,bannedrockandrolluntilAmericanfood epopulararoundtheworldThisspiritisvariouslydescribedasbeingyoungandfree,optimisticandconfident,informalanddisrespectful.Itishardlysurprisingthatthepublicconcerncontributesalottothespreadofthe大纲45题–方法4：时间、地点、数字、名称等客观线索衔接关系定LongbeforeManlivedontheEarth,therewerefishes,reptiles,birds,insects,andsomemammals.Althoughsomeoftheseanimalswereancestorsofkindslivingtoday,othersarenowextinct,thatis,theyhavenodescendantsalivenow.41Veryoccasionallytherocksshowimpressionofskin,sothat,apartfromcolor,wecanbuildupareasonablyaccuratepictureofananimalthatdiedmillionsofyearsago.Thatkindofrockinwhichtheremainsarefoundlsusmuchaboutthenatureoftheoriginalland,oftenoftheplantsthatgrewonit,andevenofitsclimate.Nearlyallofthefossilsthatweknowwerep inrocksformedbywateraction,andmostoftheseareofanimalsthatlivedinornearwater.Thusitfollowsthattheremustbemanykindsofmammals,birds,andinsectsofwhichweknownoting.Therewerealsocrablikecreatures,whosebodieswerecoveredwithahornysubstance.Thebodysegmentseachhadtwopairsoflegs,onepairforwalkingonthesandybottom,theotherforswimming.Theheadwasakindofshieldwithapairofcompoundeyes,oftenwiththousandsoflenses.Theywereusuallyaninchortwolongbutsomewere2feet.Ofthese,theammonitesareveryinterestingandimportant.Theyhaveascomposedofmanychambers,eachrepresentingatemporaryhomeoftheanimal.Astheyounggrewlargeritgrewanewchamberandsealedoffthepreviousone.ThousandsofthesecanbeseenintherocksontheDorsetCoast.75millionyears of wasoverand75millionyearsgroupsdiedout.Themammalsquicklydeveloped,andwecantracetheevolutionofmanyfamiliaranimalssuchastheelephantandhorse.Manyofthelatermammalsthoughnowextinct,wereknowntoprimitivemanandwerefeaturedbyhimincavepaintingsandonbonecarvings.ThesfishhavealonghistoryintherockandmanydifferentkindsareNevertheless,weknowagreatdealaboutmanyofthembecausetheirbonesandsshavebeenp intherocksasfossils.Fromthemwecanltheirsizeandsh,howtheywalked,thekindoffoodtheyate.150million300millionyears animalswithtruebackboneswerethefishes,knownintherocksof375millionyears150million300millionyearstheseweretheprincipalformsoflifeonland,inthesea,andintheThebestindexfossilstendtobemarinecreature.Thereanimalsevolvedrapidlyandspreadoverlargeoverlargeareasoftheworld.Theearliestanimalswhoseremainshavebeenfoundwereallverysimplekindsandlivedinthesea.Laterformaaremorecomplex,andamongthesearethesea-lilies,relationsofthestar-fishes,whichhadlongarmsandwereattachedbyalongstalktotheseabed,ortorocks.Whenananimaldies,thebody,itsbones,ors,mayoftenbecarriedawaybystreamsintolakesortheseaandtheregetcoveredupbymud.Iftheanimallivedintheseaitsbodywouldprobablysinkandbecoveredwithmud.Moreandmoremudwouldfalluponituntilthebonesorseembeddedandp.Manyfactorscaninfluencehowfossilsarepinrocks.Remainsofananismmaybereplacedbyminerals,dissolvedbyanacidicsolutiontoleaveonlytheirimpression,orsimplyreducedtoamorestable例题：2006年考研英语PARTB41OnthenorthbankoftheOhioriversitsEvansville,Ind.,homeofDavidWilliams,52,andofariverboatcasino(aplacewheregamblinggamesareplayed).Duringseveralyearsofgamblinginthatcasino,Williams,astateauditorearning$35,000ayear,lostapproximay$175,000.Hehadnevergambledbeforethecasinosenthimacouponfor$20worthofgambling.Hevisitedthecasino,lostthe$20andleft.Onhissecondvisithelost$800.Thecasinoissuedtohim,asagoodcustomer,a"FunCard",whichwhenusedinthecasinoearnspointsformealsanddrinks,andenablesthecasinototracktheuser’sgamblingactivities.ForWilliams,those ewhathecalls.In1997helost$21,000tooneslotmachineintwodays.InMarch1997helost$72,186.Hesometimesplayedtwoslotmachinesatatime,allnight,untiltheboatdockedat5a.m.,thenwentbackaboardwhenthecasinoopenedat9a.m.Nowheissuingthecasino,chargingthatitshouldhaverefusedhispatronagebecauseitknewhewasaddicted.Itdidknowhehadaproblem.InMarch1998afriendofWilliams’sgothiminvoluntarilyconfinedtoatreatmentcenterforaddictions,andwrotetoinformthecasinoofWilliams’sgamblingproblem.ThecasinoincludedaphotoofWilliamsamongthoseofbannedgamblers,andwrotetohima“ceaseadmissions”letter.Notingthemedical/psychologicalnatureofproblemgamblingbehavior,thelettersaidthatbeforebeingreadmittedtothecasinohewouldhavetopresentmedical/psychologicalinformationdemonstratingthatpatronizingthecasinowouldposenothreattohissafetyorwell-being..TheWallStreetJournalreportsthatthecasinohas24signswarning:“Enjoythefun...andalwaysbetwithyourhead,notoverit.”Everyentranceticketlistsatoll-freenumberforcounselingfromthenaDepartmentofMentalHealth.Nevertheless,Williams’ssuitchargesthatthecasino,knowinghewas“helplesslyaddictedtogambling,”intentionallyworkedto“lure”himto“engageinconductagainsthiswill.”.ThefourtheditionoftheDiagnosticandStatisticalManualofMentalDisorderssays“pathologicalgambling”involvespersistent,recurringanduncontrollablepursuitlessofmoneythanofthrilloftakingrisksinquestofawindfall..Pushedbyscience,orwhatclaimstobescience,societyisreclassifyingwhatoncewereconsideredcharacterflawsormoralfailingsasalitydisordersakintophysical Forty-fourstateshavelotteries,29havecasinos,andmostofthesestatesaretovaryingdegreesdependenton--youmightsayaddictedto--revenuesfromwagering.AndsincetheInternetgamblingsitewascreatedin1995,competitionforgamblers’dollarshas eintense.TheOct.28issueofNewsweekreportedthat2milliongamblerspatronize1,800virtualcasinoseveryweek.With$3.5billionbeinglostonInternetwagersthisyear,gamblinghaspassedographyastheWeb’smostprofitablebusiness.Althoughnosuchevidencewaspresented,thecasino’smarketingdepartmentcontinuedtopepperhimwithmailings.AndheenteredthecasinoandusedhisFunCardwithoutbeingdetected.Itisunclearwhatluringwasrequired,givenhiscompulsivebehavior.Andinwhatsensewashiswilloperative?Bythetimehehadlost$5,000hesaidtohimselfthatifhecouldgetbacktoeven,hewouldquit.Onenighthewon$5,500,buthedidnotquit.GamblinghasbeenacommonfeatureofAmericanlifeforever,butforalongtimeitwasbroadlyconsideredasin,orasocialdisease.Nowitisasocialpolicy:themostimportantandaggressivepromoterofgamblinginAmericaistheernment.DavidWilliams’ssuitshouldtroublethisgamblingnation.Butdon’tbetonItisworrisomethatsocietyismedicalizingmoreandmorebehavioralproblems,oftendefiningasaddictionswhatearlier,sternergenerationsexplainedasweaknessofTheanonymous,lonely,undistractednatureofonlinegamblingisespeciallyconducivetocompulsivebehavior.ButeveniftheernmentknewhowtomoveagainstInternetgambling,whatwouldbeitsgroundsforngso?例题分析：43English etheworld’snumberonelanguageinthe20thcentury.everycountrywhereEnglishisnotthenativelanguage，especiallyintheThirdWorld，peoplemuststrivetolearnittothebestoftheirabilities，iftheywanttoparticipatefullyinthedevelopmentoftheircountries.41.42.Nonetheless，aworldfullofdifferentlanguageswilldisappearifthepresenttrendinmanycountriestouseEnglishtoreplacethenationalorofficiallanguagesineducation，tradeandevenpoliticscontinues.43TheThirdWorldcountriesthatarenowusingEnglishasamediumofinstructionaredepriving75percentoftheirfutureleadersofapropereducation.Accordingtomanystudies，onlyaround20to25percentofstudentsinthesecountriescanmanagetolearnthelanguageofinstruction（English）aswellasbasicsubjectsatthesametime.ManyleadersoftheseThirdWorldcountriesareobsessedwithEnglishandforthemEnglishiseverything.TheyseemtobelievethatifthestudentsspeakEnglish，theyarealreadyknowledgeable.44Allthegreatestcountriesoftheworldaregreatbecausetheyconstantlyusetheirownlanguagesinallnationaldevelopmentactivities，includingeducation.Fromapsychologicalpointofview，thosewhoaretaughtintheirownlanguagefromthestartwilldevelopbetterself-confidenceandself-reliance.Fromalinguisticpointofview，thebestbrainscanonlybeproducedifstudentsareeducatedintheirownlanguagefromthestart.45Thereisnothingwrong，however，inlearningaforeignlanguageatadvancedlevelsofeducation.Butthebestthingtodoistohaveagoodeducationinone’snativelanguage，thengoabroadtohaveauniversityeducationinaforeignIfthissituationcontinues，thenativeorofficiallanguagesofthesecountrieswillcertainlydiewithintwoorthreegenerations.Thisphenomenonhasbeencalledlinguisticgenocide.Alanguagediesifitisnotfullyusedinmostactivities，particularlyasamediumofinstructioninschools.Thosewhoaretaughtinaforeignlanguagefromthestartwilltendtobeimitatorsandlackself-confidence.Theywilltendtorelyonforeignconsultants.SupposeyouworkinabigfirmandfindEnglishveryimportantforyourjobbecauseyouoftendealwithforeignbusinessmen.NowyouarelookingforaplacewhereyoucanimproveyourEnglish，especiallyyourspokenEnglish.ButmanypeopleareconcernedthatEnglish’sdominancewilldestroynativeTheseleadersspeakandwriteEnglishmuchbetterthantheirnationallanguages.IftheseleadersdeliverspeechesanywhereintheworldtheyuseEnglishandtheyfeelmoreathomewithitandproudoftheirabilityaswell.Thecitizensoftheircountriesdonotunderstandtheirleaders’speechesbecausetheyaremadeinaforeignHerearesomeadvertisementsaboutEnglishlanguagetrainingfromnewsprs.Youmayfindtheinformationyouneed.AcloseexaminationrevealsagreatnumberoflanguageshavefallencasualtytoAmericanlanguages，andmanyothers.Luckily，someoftheselanguagesarenowbeingrevived，suchasHawaiianandWelsh，andtheselanguageswillliveagain，hopefully，ifdedicatedpeoplecontinuetheirworkofrevivingthem.43ifthetrend……continues………disappear”A：“ifthissituation….continues,…….die”5：排比结构衔接法–形成排比结构的信息应该拼接在一起，是相近和衔例题分析：45–Englishhas etheworld’snumberonelanguageinthe20thcentury.IneverycountrywhereEnglishisnotthenativelanguage，especiallyintheThirdWorld，peoplemuststrivetolearnittothebestoftheirabilities，iftheywanttoparticipatefullyinthedevelopmentoftheircountries.41.42.Nonetheless，aworldfullofdifferentlanguageswilldisappearifthepresenttrendinmanycountriestouseEnglishtoreplacethenationalorofficiallanguagesineducation，tradeandevenpoliticscontinues.43TheThirdWorldcountriesthatarenowusingEnglishasamediumofinstructionaredepriving75percentoftheirfutureleadersofapropereducation.Accordingtomanystudies，onlyaround20to25percentofstudentsinthesecountriescanmanagetolearnthelanguageofinstruction（English）aswellasbasicsubjectsatthesametime.ManyleadersoftheseThirdWorldcountriesareobsessedwithEnglishandforthemEnglishiseverything.TheyseemtobelievethatifthestudentsspeakEnglish，theyarealreadyknowledgeable.44Allthegreatestcountriesoftheworldaregreatbecausetheyconstantlyusetheirownlanguagesinallnationaldevelopmentactivities，includingeducation.Fromapsychologicalpointofview，thosewhoaretaughtintheirownlanguagefromthestartwilldevelopbetterself-confidenceandself-reliance.Fromalinguisticpointofview，thebestbrainscanonlybeproducedifstudentsareeducatedintheirownlanguagefromthestart.45Thereisnothingwrong，however，inlearningaforeignlanguageatadvancedlevelsofeducation.Butthebestthingtodoistohaveagoodeducationinone’snativelanguage，thengoabroadtohaveauniversityeducationinaforeignIfthissituationcontinues，thenativeorofficiallanguagesofthesecountrieswillcertainlydiewithintwoorthreegenerations.Thisphenomenonhasbeencalledlinguisticgenocide.Alanguagediesifitisnotfullyusedinmostactivities，particularlyasamediumofinstructioninschools.Thosewhoaretaughtinaforeignlanguagefromthestartwilltendtobeimitatorsandlackself-confidence.Theywilltendtorelyonforeignconsultants.SupposeyouworkinabigfirmandfindEnglishveryimportantforyourjobbecauseyouoftendealwithforeignbusinessmen.NowyouarelookingforaplacewhereyoucanimproveyourEnglish，especiallyyourspokenEnglish.ButmanypeopleareconcernedthatEnglish’sdominancewilldestroynativeTheseleadersspeakandwriteEnglishmuchbetterthantheirnationallanguages.IftheseleadersdeliverspeechesanywhereintheworldtheyuseEnglishandtheyfeelmoreathomewithitandproudoftheirabilityaswell.Thecitizensoftheircountriesdonotunderstandtheirleaders’speechesbecausetheyaremadeinaforeignHerearesomeadvertisementsaboutEnglishlanguagetrainingfromnewsprs.Youmayfindtheinformationyouneed.AcloseexaminationrevealsagreatnumberoflanguageshavefallencasualtytoAmericanlanguages，andmanyothers.Luckily，someoftheselanguagesarenowbeingrevived，suchasHawaiianandWelsh，andtheselanguageswillliveagain，hopefully，ifdedicatedpeoplecontinuetheirworkofrevivingthem.例题：2005年考研英语新题型之45Canada’ss(theleadersofprovincialernment),iftheyhaveanybreathleftaftercomplainingaboutOttawaattheirlateJulyannualmeeting,mightspareamomenttodosomething,toreducehealth-carecosts.They’reallgroaningaboutsoaringhealthbudgets,thefastest-growingcomponentsofwhicharepharmaceuticalcosts.Whattodo?BoththeRomanowcommissionandtheKirbycommitteeonhealthcare－tosaynothingofreportsfromotherexperts—mendedthecreationofanationaldrugagency.Insteadofeachprovincehavingitsownlistofapproveddrugs,bureaucracy,proceduresandlimitedbargainingpower,allwouldpoolresources,workwithOttawa,andcreateanationalinstitution.But“national”doesn’thavetomeanthat“National”couldmean—provincescombiningeffortstocreateoneEitherway,onebenefitofa“national”anizationwouldbetonegotiatebetterprices,ifpossible,withdrugmanufacturers.Insteadofhavingoneprovince—oraseriesofhospitalswithinaprovince—negotiateapriceforagivendrugontheprovinciallist,thenationalagencywouldnegotiateonbehalfofallprovinces.Ratherthan,say,Quebec,negotiatingonbehalfofsevenmillionpeople,thenationalagencywouldnegotiateonbehalfof31millionpeople.Basiceconomicssuggeststhegreaterthepotentialconsumers,thehigherthelikelihoodofabettersmallsmallstephasbeentakeninthedirectionofanationalagencywith43.creationoftheCanadianCo-ordinatingofficeforHealthtechnologyassessment,fundedbyOttawaandtheprovinces.Underit,aCommonDrugReview toprovinciallistswhichnewdrugsshouldbeincludedPredictablyandregrettably,Quebecrefusedtojoin.Afewsaresuspiciousofanyfederal-provincialdeal-making.They(particularlyQuebecandAlberta)justwantOttawatoforkoveradditionalbillionswithfew,ifanystringsattached.That’sonereasonwhytheideaofanationallisthasn’tgoneanywhere,whiledrugcostskeeprisingfast.slovetoquoteMr.Romanow’sreportselectively,especiallythepartsaboutmorefederalmoney.Perhapstheyshouldreadwhathehadtosayabout“Anationaldrugagencywouldprovideernmentsmoreinfluenceonpharmaceuticalcompaniesinordertotrytoconstraintheever-increasingcostofSowhenthesgatherinNiagaraFallstoassembletheirusualcomplaintlist,theyshouldalsogetcrackingaboutsomethingintheirjurisdictionthatwouldhelptheirbudgetsandpatients.A:Quebec’stoanationalagencyisprovincialistideology.OneoftheadvocatesforanationallistwasaresearcheratLavalUniversity.Quebec’sDrugInsuranceFundhasseenitscostsskyrocketwithannualincreasesfrom14.3percentto26.8percent!B:OrtheycouldreadMr.Kirby’sreport:“Thesubstantialbuyingpowerofsuchanagencywouldstrengthenthepublicprescription-druginsuranceplanstonegotiatethelowestpossiblepurchasepricesfromdrugcompanies.”C:Whatdoes“notional”mean?RoyRomanowandSenatorMichaelKirbymendedafederal-provincialbodymuchliketherecentlycreatedHealthD:Theproblemissimpleandstarkhealth-carecostshavebeen,are,andwillcontinuetoincreasefasterthanernmentrevenues.E:AccordingtotheCanadianInstituteforHealthInformation,prescriptiondrugcostshaverisen.Since1997attwicetherateofoverallhealth-carespending.Partoftheincreasecomesfromdrugsbeingusedtoreplaceotherkindsoftreatment.Partofitarisesfromnewdrugscostingmorethanolderkinds.Partofitishigherprices.F:So,iftheprovinceswanttorunthehealth-careshow,theyshouldprovetheycanrunit,startingwith