2023北京朝阳区高二下学期期末英语试题及答案

2023北京朝阳高二（下）期末英语2023.7（考试时间100分钟满分100分）本试卷共10页。考生务必在答题卡指定区域作答，在试卷上作答无效。第一部分知识运用（共三节，30分）第一节完形填空（共10小题；每小题1分，共分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。WhenIwasinseventhgrade,IvolunteeredatalocalhospitalduringtheIspentmostofthetimetherewithGillespie,__1__tohimandhelpingwithanythingthatneededbedone.He__2__hadanyvisitors,andnobodyseemedtocareabouthiscondition.Hebecameaclosefriendofmine,eventhoughhe__3__withonlyoccasionalpressonhand.Gillespiewasinacoma（昏迷）.ThenIleftforaweektovacationwithparents,andwhenIcameback,Gillespiewasgone.Ihavethenervetoaskthenurseswherehewas,for__4__theymighttellmehehaddied.SeveralyearsInoticeda___5___facethegasstation.Hewasalive!IwentovertoaskhimitwasGillespiewasinafiveyearsago.uncertainlookonhisface,herepliedyes.WhenIexplainedwhoIwas,tears___6___inhiseyes,andhegavemethewarmesthugIhadeverreceived.Gillespiebegantellmeashe___7___thereacoma,hecouldsensemypresence.Hefirmlybelievedthatwasmy___8___thathadkepthimalive.bothcriedforawhile,exchangedahug,andwentourseparateways.AlthoughIseenhimsince,fillsmyheartwithjoyeveryIknowthatImadea___9___betweenhislifeanddeath.Morehehasalsomadeanenormousinfluencelife.Iwillneverhim.He___10___help.1.A.pointing2.A.justB.wavingB.neverC.listeningC.sometimesC.respondedC.envyD.talkingD.alwaysD.operatedD.sorrowD.magic3.A.promised4.A.angerB.admittedB.fear5.A.familiar6.A.wentback7.A.layB.seriousB.felloverB.grewC.typicalC.driedoutC.waitedD.welledupD.tested8.A.smileB.courageB.suggestionC.adviceD.voice9.A.connectionC.differenceC.guaranteesD.decisionD.strengthens10.A.representsB.deserves第二节选词填空（共10小题；每小题1分，共分）阅读下面句子，根据句意，从方框中选择恰当的词或词组并用其正确形式填空。HaveanimpactonMakeupmindreliablebarriersubmitrevealberesponsiblecompetitivefigureoutendupneedadegreeto________injobmarket.12.needmore________informationbeforewecantakeaction.13.Themountainsactedasanatural________thespreadofthedisease.14.Themoviewewantedtoseewassoldoutwe________seeingadifferentone.15.Ifyou________something,isyourdutytodealwithitandmakedecisionsrelatingtoit.16.Thoseinterestedinthepositionshould________theirapplicationstotheStudentUnion.17.AsurveyoftheBritishdiet________thatagrowingnumberofpeopleareoverweight.18.hadaveryproductivemeetingbecauseIfeltwe________alotofproblems.19.innovation________economyquite20.Summervacationiscoming,butI________wheretotakevacation.（请务必将第至题的答案写在答题卡指定区域内）第三节语法填空（共10小题；每小题1分，共分）阅读下面句子，根据句子内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1阁恰当的词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。21.Sheandherfamilybicycletowork,_________helpsthemkeepfit.22.Network_________(establish)in2022andhasalreadyworked23.Thisis_________myfatherhastaughtme-toalwaysfacedifficultiesandhopeforthebest.24.Arescuerriskedhislifesavingtwotouristswho_________(trap)inthemountainsfortwodays.25.Thenationalparkhasacollectionofwildlife,_________(range)frombutterfliestoelephants.26.I_________(read)halfoftheEnglishnovel,andI’lltrytofinishattheweekend.27.Unless_________(invite)tospeak,youshouldremainsilentattheconference.28.Theheadmasterhasmade_________clearthatthemeetingwillnotbeput29.Theexperiment_________(conduct)thelabwhenthepowercutoccurred.30._________(see)fromthetopofthehill,thecityappearsmoresplendid.（请务必将第21至30题的答案写在答题卡指定区域内）第二部分阅读理解（共两节，38分）第一节（共题；每小题2分，共分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。APublicspeakingcanbestressful,butpreparationcanreducethestressofspeakingfrontofpeople.Hereareastepstohelpyoumakepresentation.⚫⚫⚫Selectandresearchyourtopicreadingwillhelpyougatherenoughmaterialandfocusyourresearchatthepreparationstage.Developaroughoutlineofwhatyoumightinclude-thiscancomefromanykeypointsyourlecturehastoldyoutoinclude.Organizeyourresearchintoyouroutline.Keepthetimelimitinmind,andmakeanycutsofunnecessaryorirrelevantinformation.⚫adraftofyourspeech.Itisespeciallyusefulifyouareusingvocabularythatyoumightbefindingdifficultto⚫⚫Summariseyourwrittenspeechintobriefnotes.Thesewilleventuallybecomeyournumberednotecards.Prepareanyvisualthatyouaregoingtousesupportyourpresentation.Remembervisualaidsshouldbesimpleandeffectiveinsupportingwhateveryouaresaying.Practise⚫⚫⚫Knowyourstuff-confidencecomeswithknowledgeofcontent,Ifyouknowwhatyouaretalkingabout,thenyoufeelnervousaboutwhatyouaregoingPracticepresentingyourspeechfrontofaandifyouhaveenoughcourage,askyourtrustedfriendswatchyou.Themoreyoupractice,themoreconfidentyouwillbe.Askforconstructiveadvice.Askyourfriendsforadviceaboutyourgestures,speedofandeventheclarityofyourmessage.Present⚫⚫⚫Gettothepresentationearlyandmeetyouraudienceastheywalkin.Thismightbeagoodwaycalmyournerves,asyouknowwhointheroom.Practicestandingatthefronttogetyourfeeltheroomandspacebeforeyoubegin.Also,makesureanytechnologythatyouareusinginthepresentationisworking.Relax-ifyouarefullyprepared,youwillmakeit!31.Whatcanbeincludedintheoutlineofyourspeech?A.Thereasonyouchoosethetopic.B.keypointsrequiredtalkabout.C.wordsyoufindhardtoD.Thelistofmaterialreadonthetopic.32.Howcanyoureducenervousnessinapresentation?A.Knowyourspeechcontentwell.B.Arrivethepresentationontime.C.alltheadvicefromyourfriendsD.Usenotechnologycaseitgoeswrong.33.makeanspeech,youneedto__________.A.writedowneverydetailonthenumberednotecardsB.presentasmuchinformationaspossibletoconveyyourideasC.readextensivelytocollectsufficientmaterialrelatedyourtopicD.usevividcomplexvisualaidsdrawtheattentionofaudienceBMywifeHannahandIusuallykeephouseplants.Anythingpotsgetseitheroverwateredorunderwatered.Aftermydiagnosis（诊断）withabrainIlovedhavesomethinggreenandalivearoundus.thenIgotaluckybambooplantinapotfromfriendMitch.ItoldHannahIwantedtocarefortheplantmyself.Asaphysician,Iwasusedtoprovidingcare.Sincemydiagnosis,Ihadrelyonhelpfromotherpeople,leavingmefeelingaimlessandupset.theplanttaughtmeIcouldstillbeaOverthenextfewmonths,Irecoveredfromsurgeryandcompletedthefirstroundoftreatment.BoththebambooandIwerethriving（繁荣）.Then,beganshowsignsofstress.NomatterwhatIdid,theleaveskeptdroppingtothemakingdiscouragedand“Ievencareforsimpleplant!”Iyelled.“I’mfailing!”Hannahremindedmethatwe’dseenhouseplantsdiebefore.SheaskedmeIwasgettingworkedupaboutthisparticularone.“Ifmyluckybamboodies,”Icriedout,“Imightdietoo!”Identifyingwiththeplanthadmecomfort,Nowthattheplantwasstruggling,Ifeltincreasinglyfearful.oneIrealizedIhadwronglyconnectedmycarefortheplant-somethingoverwhichIhadleastsomecontrol-withownsurvival-somethingoverwhichIhadnocontrol.Whenmycancerreturned,itwouldnotbebecauseofanyfailureonmypart-notbecauseIatesugaroccasionallyandcertainlynotbecauseIfailedkeepthisplantalive.Asmyanxietylessened,Ilearnedfromonlinetipscareformydyingplant.Imovedthebambootoalargerpot,separatingitsrootstogiveitroomWhenitwasbackthesunnywebothbegantothriveagain.34.Whatmadetheauthorchangehisattitudetowardkeepinghouseplants?A.HerecoveredfromB.Hegotaluckybambooplant.D.Helearnedhowwateraplant.C.Hewasdiagnosedwitha35.Whatwasthemaincausefortheanxiety?A.HisstrugglewithB.Hisdecisioncarefortheplant.C.Hisinabilitytolookafterhimself.D.Hisbelieflinkinghissurvivalto36.Whatcanlearnfromthepassage?A.Everythingcomestothosewhowait.B.PositivethinkingisacureofC.yourselfthatyoucandoandgetit.D.carrythepassporttoyourownsuccess.CGrowingup,Chelseadreamedofbecomingaseabiologistandstudyingexcitinganimalslikesharks.Instead,shelaterfoundherselflookingthroughamicroscopeattheofasnail（蜗牛）andsawthousandsoflittlewhitesausage-shapedparasites（寄生虫）.Throughthemicroscope,eachparasitehadtwodarkeyespots,whichmadethemsurprisinglyattractive.“Icouldn’tbelievethatI’dbeenlookingatsnailsforaslongasIhadandmissingallthecoolhappeninginsidethem,”saysnowaparasitologistatUniversityofNearlyhalfofallknownanimalsonEarthareparasites.Accordingoneatenthofthemalreadybecertaintoextinctionduetoclimatechange,lossoftheirhosts,andintentionalattemptsofwipingthemout.Butnowitseemsthatpeoplecare.Bydefinition,parasitesliveoronahostandtakesomethingfromthathost.Nutnotallparasitescauseharm,andonlyasmallpercentagetheirhosts.Infact,parasitesplayEssentialrolesinecosystems,Keepingsomepopulationscheckwhilehelpingtofeedothers.parasiteskeepingthemincheck,populationsofsomeanimalswouldexplode.Manyparasitesmoveintotheirnexthostbycontrollingthehostthey’rein,whichdrivethathostintomouthsothattheanimalcanbefed.Evenhumanhealthentirelybenefitfromwipingoutparasites.Thehumanimmunesystem（免疫系统）evolvedwithagroupofparasites,andwhenwekilledthemourimmunesystemsbeganattackingourselves.Somepeoplewithdiseasehaveevenpurposelyinfectedthemselveswithintestinal（肠道的）parasiteslivedeservesourattention.Ifyougetunderstandthem,youfindthebraveryandattractionofparasites.They’veevolvedclevermeansofsurvival,frombecomingatonguetocontrollingthemindofcockroach（蟑螂）scientistseagersavealltheparasites.Theguineaworm,forinstance,getsahardpassfromeventhemoststubbornconservationists.Itgrowsadulthoodinsidealeg,causingharmtohealth.goalofpromotingparasiteconservationtomakeeveryonefallinlovewiththem.Instead,tocallarelaxationourwaragainstallofthem,becausestillsomuchweunderstandabouttheirvaluetoecosystemsandmaybeeventopeople.37.WhatdoestheauthorindicatebyreferringChelseastory?A.Allparasitologistsinitiallyintendedtostudyparasites.B.Parasiteseasilyignoredcomparedwithanimals.C.Animalslikesharkshavemoreresearchvaluethanparasites.D.Scientistsstudyparasitesbecauseoftheirattractiveappearance.38.Theauthorusestheexampleunderlinedinparagraph4to__________.A.introduceanapproachC.presentanassumptionB.drawacomparisonD.illustrate39.Whatcaninferfromthepassage?A.Parasitescansmartlysurvivewithouttheirhosts.B.Conservationistsbelieveallparasitesshouldbeprotected.C.Someparasitesareimportantthebalanceofourecosystem.D.Parasitescanchangetheirhostsbydirectlymovingontootheranimals.40.Whichwouldbethebesttitlethepassage?A.WhyareparasitesDyingOut?B.WhyShouldSpareParasites?C.HowDoParasitesEcosystems?D.HowCanCreateaParasites?DTheartificial-intelligencechatbotChatGPThasshakeneducatorssinceitsNovemberrelease.NewCitypublicschoolshavebannedfromtheirnetworksandschooldevices.Thereis,perhapsonesubjectareathatseemthreatened,ItturnsoutChatGPTisquitebadmaths.“I’mnothearingmathsinstructorsexpressconcernaboutsaidPaulvonHippel,aprofessorattheUniversityofwhostudiesdatascienceandstatistics.“I’mnotsureusefulformathsatall,whichfeelsstrangebecausemathswasthefirst-usefortheartificial-intelligencedevices.”strugglewithmathsisinherentinthistypeofAI,knownasalanguagemodel.Itscansaamountoftextfromacrossthewebanddevelopsamodelthatmightbeextremelyeffectiveforwritinggrammaticallycorrectresponsestoessayrequirement,butnotforsolvingamathsproblem.Inanemail,IaskedDas,asearch-enginewhyChatGPTgetssomesimplequestionsrightbutotherscompletelywrong.“Maybetherightanalogy（类比）isifyouaskaroomofpeople,whohavenoideawhatmathsisbuthavereadmanyhieroglyphics‘Whatcomesafter2+2,’theymightweseea4,’whatChatGPTisdoing.”But,headds,“Mathsjustaseriesofhieroglyphics.theprocessofcalculating.”Itgreatpretendingyouknowthroughamathsclassbecauseyouonlyrecognizethemistakesifyouknowthemaths.Anotherreasonthatmathsinstructorsarelessanxiousaboutthisinnovationisthattheyhavebeenherebefore.fieldwasupendedforthefirsttimedecadesagowiththegeneralavailabilityofcomputersandcalculators.“Mathshashadthebiggestrevolutionbasedonmachineryofanymainstreamsubject,”saidConradthestrategicdirectorofResearch.“Intherealworld,sincecomputerscamealong,havemaths,scienceandengineeringgottenconceptuallysimpler?No,completelytheopposite.askingharderandharderquestions,goingupalevel.”AIwillprobablygetthepointwhereitsmathsanswersarenotonlyconfidentbutcorrect.Apurelanguagemodelnotbeupforthejob,butthetechnologywillimprove.Ingeneral,AI,likecomputers,willlikelyultimatelybemostusefulthosewhoalreadyknowafieldwell.Theyknowthequestionstoask,howtoidentifytheshortcomingsandwhattodowiththeAtool,inotherwords,forthosewhoknowthemostmaths,nottheleast.41.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“inherent”Paragraph3mostprobablymean?A.StableB.PracticalC.LimitedD.Natural42.Whatcanknowfromreply?A.Calculatingrequiressomeknowledgeofhieroglyphics.B.ChatGPTisgoodatsolvingmathematicalquestionsbyC.ReadinghieroglyphicspreventsChatGPTsolvingmathsquestionsD.responseisbasedonlanguagemodelsinsteadofcalculations.43.Whatcanbeinferredfrommathsinstructors’calmnessaboutChatGPT?A.ChatGPTisusefultoidentifymathsmistakes.B.revolutionmademathseasiertounderstand.C.Newtechnologywillenduppushingtheboundariesofmaths.D.ChatGPThasbeenbannedfromnetworksandschooldevices.44.AsforAI,whichwouldtheauthorprobablyagreeA.Itwillplaytheroleforprofessionalsinafield.B.Itwillbecomeconfidenttosolveallthemathsproblems.C.Itwillturnthemathsfieldoveragainjustlikecomputers.D.Itwilltakethejobsfromhumansasthetechnologyimproves.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，共分）根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。Childrenloveplayingoutdoors,Theyusuallygetwithnoregardforthecolouroftheirclothing.getdirty!”onceaconstantfamilywarning,asparentswatchedtheirchildrenruintheirbestclothes.Theyhappyrunningthroughfieldsorclimbingtrees.___45___.Accordingtotheexperts,parentshaveconcerntoomuchaboutit.Recentresearchshowsthatthedirtoutsidecandevelopresistancetoarangeofillnesses.Certainnaturalmaterials,suchasmud,containsurprisinglypowerfulmicroorganisms（微生物群）whosepositiveimpactonhealthweareonlybeginningfullyunderstand___46___.Manyofthepsychologicalbenefitsofoutdoorplayestablishedaswell.Ourbrainsevolvedinbeautifullandscapes,andtheweperceivetheworldisparticularlysuitedtowildoutdoorspaces___47___IthelpsrefreshthebrainandevenreducedepressionandOnestudyfoundthatchildrenwithADHD（注意力缺陷多动症）werebetterabletoconcentratefollowinga20-minutewalkinthepark.Beijingclosetograssandtreesseemedtohaveabeneficialtheirminds.___48___Ithelpschildrendevelopthetheirsensesandmovementinteract,whichhelpsthemgraduallyunderstandtheexternalenvironmentandtheinternalconnectionsofthingsways.Ifchildrenplaywithothers,theycanlearnhowtocommunicatewithothersanddevelopstrategiestopromotesocialization.withtheattractionofvideogamesandsocialmedia,contactwithnatureisrarerthaninthepast.Moreandmoreparentsbeginrecognizetheimportanceofoutdoor__49__Theybelievethatnotonlydoesmakechildrenemotionallyhappybutitalsohasapowerfulontheirwellbeing.A.ForthereissimplynoopportunitytogetB.Outdoorplaycabalsovaluablelearningexperiences.C.Thismeansthatnaturalscenesprovidetheperfectlevelofstimulation.D.Theymaysecretlywishtheirchildrenhadthechancetopickupaofdirt.E.Theyrecommendusingnatureasanaccessiblewayofinteractingwithothers.ItwasobviousthatwhiteswouldturnbrownbeforethedaywasG.Outdoorplaydoesbettertophysicalgrowth,comparedwithgetting第三部分书面表达（共两节，32分）第一节（共4小题；第50、512分，第52题3分，第题5分，共分）阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。请在答题卡指定区域作答。“Anappleadaykeepsthedoctorallknowthathealthyhabitscanhelpusbuildastrongbuthowwecanahappylife?Overthepasttwodecades,scientistshaveidentifiedmanytechniquestoraiseourhappiness,butthesemethodscannotworkmagic.“Thingslikepovertyorinjuryareobviouslygoingtoyourwell-being,”saysLaurieSantos,at“Butformanyofus,ourhappinessismuchmoreunderourcontrolthanwethink.”freecourse,TheScienceofexploresevidence-basedwaysincreasehappiness.Foratasteofwhatthecourseinvolves,considerourtendencytocompareourselvesnegativelywiththepeoplearoundus.Byrecognizingwhenthosethoughtshavestartedtoarise,canconsciouslyshiftthereferencepointtosomethingneutral（中立的）thiskindofthinking,youmaystarttofeelmorecontent.Theuseofgratitudejournals,whereyouregularlycountyourblessing,workonasimilarbasis.haveatendency“hedonicadaptation”,essentiallygettingusedthegoodthingsinourlifeovertime,andtakingthemforgranted,sotheynolongerbringusthesameinterest—weshoulddelaythatprocess.Othertipslikesmallactsofkindnessmaysurpriseyouwithrewardingexperience.thoseapproachestohappierlifeshouldbeusedThereisnowsomeevidencethatpursuitofhappinesscanhavetheoppositeifbecomestime-consuming,Keepingagratitudejournalappearsbeeffectiveifisusedonceaweek.ItseemsthatthetechniquemaybecomeaburdenifitispracticedtooThereseemslittledoubtthatwecanlearnbebutweshouldrecognizethatthepathabetterlifeiswithupsanddowns.cannotremoveeverynegativefeeling,butwithsomescience-backedstrate