2023版高三一轮总复习英语（人教版）必须第三册教案

PAGEPAGE74背诵·句之美欣赏·语之秀1．(行为描写)(2017·全国卷Ⅱ)Hewouldlaughtheloudestoverfunandbethesaddestoveranyone'smisfortune.2．(心理描写)(2018·全国卷Ⅱ)Soimaginemydelightwhenheemailedmesayinghewantedtocometovisitme.3．(景物描写)(2021·湖南省六校联考)Theskywasclearblueandthesuncastdiamondsdownonfields,forestsandvillages.(2021·张家口市模拟)WhenIlookedupthroughtheirnon­existentroof,Isawgraycloudsfloatingaboveme,andsuddenlyeverythingseemedsostrange.Raincoatedmyupturnedface,floodedmyeyes,andflowedintomymouth.Overwhelmed,IfeltlikeIwasdrowning.课标单词背诵(先填后背)1．lanternn．灯笼；提灯2．costumen．(某地或某历史时期的)服装；戏装3．congratulationn．祝贺；恭喜4．riddlen．谜语；神秘事件5．joyn．高兴；喜悦6．harvestn．收获季节；收获；收成vi.&vt.收割(庄稼)；捕猎(动物、鱼)7．agriculturen．农业；农艺8．cropn．庄稼；作物；一季的收成9．gratefuladj.感激的；表示感谢的10．featurevt.以……为特色n．特色；特征；特点11．churchn．(基督教的)教堂；礼拜堂12．typicaladj.典型的；有代表性的；平常的13．commercialadj.商业(化)的；以获利为目的的14．mediumn．(pl.media)媒介；手段；方法adj.中等的；中号的15．faithn．宗教信仰；信任；相信16．atmospheren．气氛；氛围；(地球的)大气(层)17．lunaradj.阴历的；月球的；月亮的18．even．前夕；前一天19．envelopen．信封；塑料封套20．merryadj.愉快的；高兴的21．puddingn．布丁；(餐末的)甜食22．roastadj.烤的；焙的vi.&vt.烘烤；焙23．turkeyn．火鸡；火鸡肉24．frankadj.坦率的；直率的25．inneradj.内部的；里面的；内心的26．autonomousadj.自治的；有自治权的27．regionn．地区；区域；地带28．wrestlevi.&vt.摔跤；奋力对付29．fancyadj.花哨的；精致的；昂贵的vt.想要；倾慕；自以为是30．eaglen．雕31．absolutelyadv.绝对地；完全地32．momentn．片刻；瞬间33．potn．罐；壶；锅34．briefadj.简洁的；简单的；短暂的35．branchn．树枝；分支；支流36．weddingn．婚礼；结婚庆典37．clapvt.鼓掌；拍手；击掌n．鼓掌；拍手；掌声38．respectn．&vt.尊敬；尊重39．horribleadj.令人震惊的；恐怖的；极坏的[单词拼写·运用]核心单词语境运用1．representvt.象征；代表；相当于2．figuren．人物；数字；身材vt.认为；认定3．gathervi.聚集；集合vt.聚集；搜集；收割4．decoratev．装饰；装潢5．marchvi.&n．行进；前进；示威游行6．rangen．一系列；范围、界限vi.包括；(在一定范围内)变化用所给词的适当形式填空。1．Next,HelenAntiedseveralchopstickstogether,representing(represent)afamily.2．Wewillbeexploringdifferentapproachestogathering(gather)therelevantinformation.3．Itdoesn'ttakeageniustofigure(figure)outwhatAdamisupto.4．Thecakedecorated(decorate)tolooklikeacardrewtheattentionofbothofmychildren.5．Agroupofsoldierscamemarching(march)over,leavingthevillagersataloss.6．Swimmingisforbiddeninthislake,whichranges(range)from5to14feetindepth.派生单词语境运用1．religionn．宗教；宗教信仰→religiousadj.宗教的；笃信宗教的2．pleasedadj.高兴的；满意的→pleasingadj.令人高兴的；令人满意的→pleasevt.使高兴；使满意→pleasuren．高兴；快乐3．agriculturen．农业；农艺→agriculturaladj.农业(劳动/生产)4．significantadj.有重大意义的；显著的→significantlyadv.重大地；显著地→significancen．意义；重要性5．beliefn．信仰；信心；信任→believevt.相信→believableadj.可信的→unbelievableadj.难以置信的6．originn．起源；起因；出身→originaladj.原始的；最初的→originallyadv.起初用所给词的适当形式填空。1．ItwasoriginallythoughttobeanAfricanplant,butnooneknowsexactlyitsoriginbecausethere'snooriginalmaterialaboutit.(origin)2．Hedoesn'tbelieveinanyreligion,butherespectsotherpeople'sreligiousfreedom.(religion)3．Asagriculturedeveloped,agriculturalideasbegantospreadacrossEurope.(agriculture)4．Tom'spleasingprogressinhisstudiesmadehisteacherverypleasedanditalsobroughtgreatpleasuretohisfamily.(please)5．Thenewdrugissignificantlyeffective,whichisofgreatsignificancetothefightagainstthespreadoftheepidemic.(significant)派生单词语境运用7．reflectvt.显示；反映；反射→reflectionn．反射；反映8．occasionn．特别的事情(或仪式、庆典)；(适当的)机会→occasionaladj.偶然的→occasionallyadv.偶然地；不时地6.Hisstorysoundedbelievable,butIdidn'tbelieveawordofitinthebeliefthatwhathehaddescribedwascompletelyunbelievable.(believe)7．Thatwasmyoccasionalvisittothethemepark,whereIoccasionallymetmyfavoritecartooncharacters.(occasion)1．(2019·全国卷Ⅲ)“Thisindicatesthatthereisacertainwayquantityisrepresentedintheirbrains，”Dr.Livingstonesays.AA．描绘；展现 B．代表；象征C．相当于；意味着2．(2019·全国卷Ⅰ)TheenvironmentalchallengesaresignificantbuttheeffortsmadebytheTanzaniaNationalParkAuthorityseemtobepayingoff.CA．有重大意义的 B．意味深长的C．数量相当大的3．(2019·全国卷Ⅱ)“Ireflectonhowmyday'sgoneandthinkabouttherestoftheweek，”hesaid.AA．沉思 B．反射C．显示[短语理解·运用]高频短语语境运用1．dress(sb.)up穿上盛装；装扮2．takeadvantageof利用；欺骗；占……的便宜3．rangefrom...to...包括从……到……之间4．inspiteof不管；尽管5．havesth.incommon(兴趣、想法等方面)相同；有相同的特征6．tobefrank坦白说；坦率地说7．gooff爆炸；走火；离开8．exceptfor除……之外9．setoff出发；动身；启程10．fadeaway逐渐消失；(身体)变得虚弱选用左面短语的适当形式填空。1．Shesuddenlyfoundthatshedidn'thaveanecklacebeforeshegotdressedupfortheball.2．Ifyou'retootrusting,somedishonestpeoplewilltakeadvantageofyou.3．EnglishbecomestheofficiallanguageforbusinessinspiteofthefactthatmostofthepopulationareChinese.4．Thoughtheyaregoodfriends,theyhaveverylittleincommonexceptmusic.5．Abombwentoffinthecrowdedstreet,causingthreedeathsandmanyinjuries.6．Shehadaparticularlyhappychildhoodexceptforthepainscausedbyherillness.7．Hopesofreachinganagreementseemtobefadingawaybecausebothsidesrefusetocompromise.[句式辨识·运用]教材原句背诵句式结构仿写1.nomatterhow引导的让步状语从句However,nomatterhowdifferenttheymayseem,allovertheworld,thespiritofsharingjoy,gratitude,love,orpeaceiscommoninallfestivals.大家都知道，平行线无论延伸多远，永远不会相交。Asisknowntoall,parallellineswillnevermeetnomatterhowfartheyareextended.2.with复合结构Festivalsarebecomingmoreandmorecommercial,withbusinessestakingadvantageofthecelebrations.随着经济的稳步增长，人们越来越富有。Peoplearebecomingwealthierwiththeeconomygrowingsteadily.3.This/Thatisbecause...Thisisbecausethejuicefromtomatoesisreallygoodformakingsurfacesclean！我们生活在一个便捷的世界中，那是因为人工智能在许多方面正在取代人类。Wearelivinginaconvenientworld.That'sbecauseartificialintelligenceisreplacinghumansinmanyaspects.1．congratulatevt.向(某人)道贺；(因某事)为自己感到自豪[高考原句·2020·全国卷Ⅲ]Thepartyisachanceforfriendsandfamilytocongratulatethepersononthenewhome.(1)congratulatesb.on(doing)sth.就……向某人祝贺；祝贺某人做了某事(2)congratulationn．祝贺；祝词；贺词offer/sendcongratulationstosb.onsth.为某事向某人祝贺Letmecongratulateyouonyourwinningfirstplaceinthe100metredash.祝贺你获得百米赛跑第一名。congratulateyouonyourwonderfulperformance祝贺你的精彩表演expressmycongratulationsonyoursuccess对你的成功表示祝贺[基础练习]——单句语法填空①IhadhopedtosendPeteragifttocongratulatehimonhismarriage,butIcouldn'tmanageit.②Iamwritingtocongratulateyoumostsincerelyonyourbeingawarded(award)thefirstprizeinthecontest.③FinallyGreenacknowledgedlosingthematchandofferedcongratulations(congratulate)tohisopponent.[链接写作]——完成句子你应该为你出色的工作表示祝贺。Youcancongratulateyourselfonhavingdoneanexcellentjob.2．rangen．一系列；范围、界限vi.包括；(在一定范围内)变化[高考原句·2021·全国乙卷]Anditcametomethenhowmucheasieritwouldbeifwehadarangeofwordsthatexpressdifferentgradesofgratitude.(1)awiderangeof一系列……in/withinrange在射程以内；在范围内beyond/outofrange在射程外；在范围外beyond/outofone'srange某人能力达不到的(2)rangefrom...to.../between...and...在……范围内变动Awiderangeofcoloursandpatternsareavailable.各种颜色和样式都有。offerawiderangeofcourses提供多种课程outofherrangeofvision在她的视线之外rangeinpricefrom$3to$15价格从3美元到15美元不等[基础练习]——单句语法填空①Thenationalparkhasalargecollectionofwildlife,ranging(range)frombutterfliestoelephants.②Thatcar,whosepriceis30,000dollars,isoutofmyrange,soIhavetogiveitup.③Ourdietisbecomingmorediverse,withawiderrangeoffoodbeingtransportedfromotherregions.[链接写作]——句式升级(普通表达)Hehasanumberofinterests.Theyrangefromplayingchesstoswimming.①(高级表达)Hehasanumberofinterests,whichrangefromplayingchesstoswimming.(非限制性定语从句)②(高级表达)Hehasanumberofinterests,rangingfromplayingchesstoswimming.(分词短语作定语)3．figure[课本义]n.人物；数字；身材vt.认为；认定[增补义]n.人影；雕像v．计算(1)keepone'sfigure保持身材(2)figureout想出；理解；弄明白；看透figurethat...估计；认为；认定Icouldseethefigureofawomanagainstthewindow.我看到一个临窗而立的女人身影。[一词多义]——写出句中黑体部分的含义①Officialfiguressuggestthatthecountryhasshrunkby5%since1993.数据②Heisconsideredasaleadingfigureinthemusicindustry.人物③Glancinground,shecaughtsightofadarkfigureintheshadows.人影④Shedecidedtogoonadietsoastokeepherfigure.身材[链接写作]——语境填空她现在认为，在保持身材的过程中，经常锻炼似乎很重要，这是她在多年减肥失败后想明白的。Nowshefiguresthatregularexerciseseemstobevitalintheprocessofkeepingherfigure,whichshefiguredoutafteryearsoffailuretoloseweight.4．reflect[课本义]vt.显示；反映；反射[增补义]vi.思考[高考原句·2020·全国卷Ⅲ]Asthesmallboatmovedgentlyalongtheriverhewasleftspeechlessbythemountainsbeingsilentlyreflectedinthewater.(1)reflectwell/badlyonsb./sth.使人们对某人或某事产生好的/坏的印象reflecton/uponsth.回想/思考某事(2)reflectionn．反射；反照；反映；映像belostinreflection陷入深思中Teachersknowthatlowexamresultswillreflectbadlyonthem.老师们知道，考试成绩不好将对他们不利。[基础练习]——单句语法填空①Whenthesun'srayshittheearth,alotofheatisreflected(reflect)backintospace.②Usuallyachild'sbehaviorisareflection(reflect)ofhisfamilyenvironment.③WhenIreflectonwhatIhaveachieved,Ihavetosaythatsuccesscomesfromhardwork.[链接写作]——完成句子通过回想童年里听过的故事，我们可以从中学到很多东西。Thereismuchwecanlearnbyreflectingonthestoriesheardinchildhood.5．setoff[课本义]出发；动身；启程[增补义]使(炸弹等)爆炸；拉响(警报)；引起[高考原句·2018·天津卷]Ifasmokedetectorsetsoffanalarmandthereisnofireorsmoke,informyourhallstaff.setofffor/to动身去(某地)setabout着手/开始做……(后接名词、动名词)setout出发；开始做……(后接动词不定式)setaside留出；把……置于一边setup建立；搭起；安排Hisrudebehaviorsetoffabadfeelingofme.他无理的行为引起了我的反感。[基础练习]——单句语法填空①Thepowderstartedtoburnandthensetoffachainreactionofexplosions.②Justasshepreparedtosetoffto/forthenextvillage,twofriendsarrivedinataxi.③Abombexplodedonthestreet,setting(set)offamomentofpanic.[链接写作]——一句多译如果把点燃的烟头掉在地上，可能会引起可怕的火灾。①Ifyoudropalightedcigaretteend,itmightsetoffaterriblefire.②Adroppedlightedcigaretteendmightsetoffaterriblefire.③Stopdroppingalightedcigaretteend,whichmightsetoffaterriblefire.(定语从句)6．[教材原句]However,nomatterhowdifferenttheymayseem,allovertheworld,thespiritofsharingjoy,gratitude,love,orpeaceiscommoninallfestivals.然而，无论它们看起来有多不同，在世界各地，分享欢乐、感恩、爱或和平的精神在所有节日中都很普遍。[句法句式]“nomatterhowdifferenttheymayseem”是一个“nomatter＋疑问词”引导的状语从句。(1)nomatterwhat/whose/which修饰名词时，该名词必须紧跟其后；nomatterhow修饰形容词或副词时，该形容词或副词也必须紧跟其后。(2)“nomatter＋疑问词”结构可以和“疑问词＋ever”结构互换引导状语从句。而“疑问词＋ever”结构还可以引导名词性从句，而“nomatter＋疑问词”结构不能引导名词性从句。【金句推送】Nomatterhowcomplicatedthesituationwas,hecouldcopewithitsuccessfully.不论情况多么复杂，他都能应付自如。[基础练习]——单句语法填空①Don'tansweranye­mailsrequestingpersonalinformation,nomatterhowofficialtheylook.②Asmanyasfivecoursesareprovided,andyouarefreetochoosewhicheversuitsyoubest.③Youmaydependonitthatyourparentswillhelpyouwheneveryouneedit.[链接写作]——完成句子①不管你到访上海多少次，总是会有惊喜。However/NomatterhowoftenyouvisitShanghai,therewillbesomethingthatsurprises.②无论我解释得多么仔细，她还是没弄懂。However/NomatterhowcarefullyIexplained,shestilldidn'tunderstand.夯基固本——基础落实Ⅰ.用所给词的正确形式填空。1．Itisuptohimtomakeitright,nomatterhowlongittakes(take)．2．Thepresentsituationisverycomplex,soit'lltakeafewdaystofigure(figure)outitsreality.3．Mybossisexpectingyourreply,soIwouldappreciateyourcalling(call)backthisafternoon.4．Thisiswhydecoratingwithplants,fruitsandflowerscarriesspecialsignificance(significant)．5．Alltheserepresenttheearthcoming(come)backtolifeandbestwishesfornewbeginnings.6．Soon,membersfrombothteamsgotaroundNick,congratulating(congratulate)himonhisgoal.7．Hedecidedtoresignfromthatcompanybecausehistalentswerenotfullyappreciated(appreciate)．8．Acityistheproductofthehumanhandandmind,reflecting(reflect)man'sintelligenceandcreativity.9．Nomatterhowfrequentlyperformed(perform),theworksofBeethovenalwaysattractlargeaudiences.10．Employeesintheoffice,ranging(range)fromage22to70,thinkitchallengingtofindcommongroundincommunicationstyle.Ⅱ.在空白处填入一个适当的词。1．Parisissolargeacitythatitiseasytogetlostnomatterhowwellyouknowit.2．NaomimanagedtofigureoutsixteenofSteve'sfavorite,andmostpersonalsongs.3．Nowthatyouhaveacceptedthetask,theonlythingyoucandonowisreflectingonhowtofulfillit.4．Theauthorsaretobecongratulatedonproducingsuchaclearandauthoritativework.5．Thearrivalofthecharitytrucksetoffasmallriotasvillagersscrambledforashareoftheaid.查缺补漏——知识拾遗Ⅰ.用所给词的正确形式填空。1．FancyWilliamsnotknowing(know)theanswertosuchaneasyquestion!2．Afteran8­hourjourney,I'mfinallybackhomenow,feeling(feel)reallytired.3．Manyofthehotelsfeatured(feature)inthebrochureofferspecialdealsforweekendbreaks.4．Thefestival,falling(fall)onthefourthdayofthesixthmonthofthelunarcalendar,usuallylaststhreedays.5．Theriseofsocialnetworkinghasmadeiteasierforpeopletoconnect(connect)witheachotherandfeellessalone.Ⅱ.在空白处填入一个适当的词。1．Heisalwaysreallyrude,whichiswhypeopletendtoavoidhim.2．ThispatternofwoodsandfieldsistypicaloftheEnglishlandscape.3．Ittookusabouttwohourstogettothetop,buttheviewuptherewasworthit.4．Weareextremelygratefultoyouforthetroubleyouhavetakenonourbehalf.5．It'shelpfultoputchildreninanoccasionwheretheycanseethemselvesdifferently.强技提能——语言应用Ⅰ.语法填空短文中黑体部分为本单元核心知识点，请在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式，并背诵该短文。There'sawiderangeofcustomsconcerningtheSpringFestival,1.butfamilymembersgatheringforareuniondinnerisoneofitstypical2.features(feature).WhentheNewYearstarts,peopledress3.themselves(they)upandgotovisitrelativesandfriendstoexpresstheirblessingsandcongratulations.Children4.arefilled(fill)withjoy,havingalotoffun5.setting(set)offfirecrackersaftergettingluckymoneyinredenvelopesfromtheirelders.Themediaalsotakeadvantage6.ofthismoment,broadcastingprogramsthatreflectpeople'swishes,7.beliefs(believe)andattitudestowardslife.Ittakesabouthalfamonthforthehappyatmosphere8.tofade(fade)away.Fewpeopleknowabouttheoriginofthefestival,butobviouslyit'sasignificantoccasion9.whenpeoplesendGodsprayersofgratefulnessandshowtheirrespecttoancestors.More10.importantly(important),itrepresentspeople'sexpectations:agoodharvestandnostarvationinthenewyear.Ⅱ.文本写作Step1.要点提示(利用本单元知识补全所给英文句子)①端午节起源于纪念爱国诗人屈原的事件。TheDragonBoatFestivalhasitsoriginwithaneventinmemoryofthepatrioticpoetQuYuan.②这是一个意义重大的节日，代表了人们对屈原的敬佩和感激。Itisafestivalofgreatsignificance,representingpeople'sadmirationforQuYuanaswellastheirgratitudetohim.③在这个节日里，典型的习俗就是人们聚在一起，吃香甜的粽子，举办龙舟竞赛。Onthisoccasion,itisatypicalcustomforpeopletogettogethertoeatsweetzongziandholddragonboatraces.④它的主要目的是让人们放松和享受生活，暂时忘记他们的工作。Itsmainpurposeistoallowpeopletorelaxandenjoylife,andforgetabouttheirworkforalittlewhile.Step2.衔接成文(利用恰当的过渡衔接词语连句成篇)TheDragonBoatFestivalhasitsoriginwithaneventinmemoryofthepatrioticpoetQuYuan.Itisafestivalofgreatsignificance,representingpeople'sadmirationforQuYuanaswellastheirgratitudetohim.Onthisoccasion,itisatypicalcustomforpeopletogettogethertoeatsweetzongziandholddragonboatraces.Today,itsmainpurposeistoallowpeopletorelaxandenjoylife,andforgetabouttheirworkforalittlewhile.

背诵·句之美欣赏·语之秀1．(行为描写)(2018·浙江卷)So,mydadandIputonournewcowboyhats,gotonourhorses,andheadedslowlytowardsthemountains.2．(心理描写)(2020·浙江卷)MyheartfrozeinmychestasIsawthetractorheadingtowardsthemotorway.3．(人物描写)(2021·唐山市强化考试)Slimandbeautiful,shewasthecenterofthehome,thegluethatheldittogether.(2021·泉州市联考)Withtheirowneffortsandthecommunity'scareandhelp,theWadsworthchildrengrewhealthilyandhappily.Gratefulforthelovefromthecommunityduringtheirhardships,theywerealwaysreadytoserveothersandreturnthefavortheyhadreceived.课标单词背诵(先填后背)1．moraladj.道德的；道义上的n．品行；道德；寓意2．virtuen．高尚的道德；美德；优秀品质3．faintvi.昏倒；晕厥adj.不清楚的；微弱的4．illustratevt.(举例)说明；阐明；给(书或文章)加插图5．preciousadj.珍稀的；宝贵的6．entrustvt.委托；交付7．marriagen．结婚；婚姻8．majorityn．大部分；大多数9．complainvi.&vt.抱怨；发牢骚10．feen．专业服务费；报酬11．scholarshipn．奖学金12．physiciann．医师；(尤指)内科医生13．clinicn．诊所；门诊部14．decaden．十年；十年期15．elsewhereadv.在别处；去别处16．staffn．员工；全体职员17．retirevi.&vt.退休；退职；退出18．savingn．节省物；节省；节约；[pl.]储蓄金；存款19．kindergartenn．学前班；幼儿园20．principlen．道德原则；法则；原则21．passiveadj.被动的；顺从的22．insurancen．保险；保险业23．energeticadj.精力充沛的；充满活力的24．accidentn．事故；车祸；失事25．operationn．手术；企业；经营26．midnightn．子夜；午夜27．importn．进口；进口商品vt.进口；输入；引进28．exportn．出口；出口商品vt.出口；输出；传播29．polen．(行星的)极；地极30．lapn．(坐着时的)大腿部；(跑道等的)一圈31．bitevt.&vi.(bit，bitten)咬；叮；蜇n．咬；(咬下的)一口；咬伤32．chairmann．主席；主持人；董事长33．memoryn．记忆力；回忆34．chainn．一连串(人或事)；链子；链条35．cafén．咖啡馆；小餐馆36．tearn．眼泪；泪水37．courtn．(网球等的)球场；法院；法庭38．flexibleadj.灵活的；可变通的39．incomen．收入；收益40．perprep.每；每一41．thereforeadv.因此；所以42．tensionn．紧张关系；紧张；焦虑[单词拼写·运用]核心单词语境运用1．tendvt.照顾；照料vi.倾向；趋于2．replacevt.接替；取代；更换3．whispervi.&vt.悄声说；耳语；低语n.耳语(声)；低语(声)；传言；谣传4．harmn．&vt.伤害；损害5．publishvt.发表(作品)；出版6．hirevt.聘任；雇用；租用n．租借；租用7．appointvt.任命；委派用所给词的适当形式填空。1．Severalfishermensatonthewoodenbarrelsbythewater,tending(tend)theirnets.2．Twopoliceofficerswereappointedtolook(look)intothecauseoftheaccident.3．Acustomertookawashingmachineinforrepair,onlytobetolditneededreplacing/tobereplaced(replace)．4．Theytalkedinwhispers(whisper),butstill,Icouldn'thelpbutoverheartheirconversation.5．Manypeopleworkduringtheirlunchhourinsteadoftakingabreak,whichdefinitelyharms(harm)theirhealth.6．Ifyouwanttohaveyourwritingpublished(publish)inourmagazine,pleasecontactusbyemail.7．Ifyoudon'tfeellikegivingupyourjob,justconsiderhiring(hire)ababy­sitter.派生单词语境运用1．scaredadj.害怕的；对……感到惊慌或恐惧的→scarevt.惊吓；使害怕vi.受惊吓→scaryadj.引起恐慌的2．respondvt.回答；回复vi.做出反应；回应→responsen．反应；回答；回复3．rejectvt.拒绝接受；不录用→rejectionn．拒绝接受；否决4．electvt.选举；推选→electionn．选举；推选；当选5．assistvt.帮助；援助→assistancen．帮助；协助→assistantn．助手；助理；售货员6．sharpadj.(增长、下跌等)急剧的；锋利的；明显的→sharpenvi.&vt.(使)锋利；尖锐；清晰→sharpenern．磨具；削具用所给词的适当形式填空。1．Girlsareusuallyscaredofwatchingscarymovies,whichwillkeepscaringthemintoscreaming.(scare)2．Iknockedbuttherewasnoresponseatfirst,butamomentlatertherecameachild'svoicerespondingtomyknockatthedoor.(respond)3．Herdemandwasrejectedoutofhand,sincethenshe'sbeensufferingthepainofrejection.(reject)4．ThepeopleofIranvotedtoelectanewpresident,whodeliveredatelevisedspeechshortlyaftertheelection.(elect)5．Williamisanassistantprofessorwhoassistswithhisstudents'academicworkandalsoprovidesassistanceinfindingjobs.(assist)1．(2020·全国卷Ⅰ)Oncertainmajoreventdays,i．e.AustraliaDay,AnzacDay,sportingandculturaldays,specialadditionalservicesmayoperate.CA．做手术 B．操作C．供使用2．(2020·浙江卷)Challengingworkthatrequireslotsofanalyticalthinking,planningandothermanagerialskillsmighthelpyourbrainstaysharpasyouage...CA．急剧的 B．锋利的C．敏锐的3．(2019·全国卷Ⅰ)Christripsonthe“­ld，”apronunciationdifficultyformanynon­nativeEnglishspeakers.AA．磕巴 B．旅行C．绊倒[短语理解·运用]高频短语语境运用1．carrysb.throughsth.帮助某人渡过难关2．passaway去世3．inmemoryof作为对……的纪念4．tripover被……绊倒5．intears流着泪；含着泪6．indespair处于绝望中7．agreatdeal(of)大量8．pickoneselfup(跌倒后)站起来选用左面短语的适当形式填空。1．Itwasfamily'ssupportandhisowndeterminationthatcarriedhimthroughthecrisis.2．ChristmasisaholidayusuallycelebratedonDecember25thinmemoryofthebirthofJesusChrist.3．Shetrippedoversomeone'sfootinthedarkenedcinemaandalmostfell.4．Afterrepeatedfailures,shegaveuptheattemptindespair.5．Hetrippedoverastone,butquicklypickedhimselfup,dustedtheclothesoffandcontinuedhisway.[句式辨识·运用]教材原句背诵句式结构仿写1.thefirst/second/...＋n.＋todosth.SheimmediatelybecamethefirstwomanevertobehiredasaresidentphysicianintheOB­GYNdepartmentofthePUMCHospital.1973年，袁隆平成为世界上第一位种植高产水稻的农业先驱。In1973,YuanLongpingbecamethefirstagriculturalpioneerintheworldtogrowricethathasahighoutput.2.现在分词短语作状语Thinkingofallthepeoplestillinneedofhelp,Dr.Linopenedaprivateclinic.面临巨大挑战时，我们努力寻找出路，而不是屈服于挑战。Facinggreatchallenges,westruggletofindawayoutratherthangiveintothem.3.独立主格结构Afterawhile,agroupofwomencamealong,eachbalancingapotofwateronherhead.那里很潮湿，树长得非常高，有些高达30多米。Itissowettherethatthetreesareextremelytall,somemeasuringover30metres.1．respondvt.回答；回复vi.做出反应；回应(1)respondtosb./sth.对……做出回答或回应；应对……respondbydoingsth.以做某事予以回应(2)responsen．回答；反应；回应inresponseto以回应……Theminutewewalkthroughthedoor,ourhousewillrespondbyturningonthelightsandmusic.我们一进门，我们的房子就会打开灯和音乐。respondtoachallenge应对挑战respondtochangesinthefashionindustry对时装业的变化做出相应的安排writeinresponsetoyourrequest写信回复你的请求[基础练习]——单句语法填空①Whenfeelinganeconomicslowdown,manypeopletendtorespondbyspendingless.②Thegovernmentwasaccusedofnotrespondingappropriatelytotheneedsofthehomeless.③Noteveryoneactsthesameinresponse(respond)toevents,andthatiswhywhattriggersonepersonmayormaynottriggeranother.[链接写作]——完成句子通过快速响应市场变化，小农场可以领先大农场一步。Byrespondingquicklytochangesinthemarkets,smallfarmscankeeponestepaheadofbigones.2．appointvt.[课本义]任命；委派[增补义]约定；指定(时间、地点等)(1)appointsb.as/tobe...任命某人为……appointsb.todosth.委派某人做某事(2)appointmentn．任命；约会makeanappointmentwithsb.与某人约会/预约keep/breakanappointment守/违约Thejudgewillappointacourtlawyertodefendthesuspectifhecan'taffordone.如果嫌疑人请不起律师，法官将指定一名法庭律师为他辩护。appointDavistothejob委派戴维斯做这项工作beappointedtothecommittee被任命为委员会委员turnupattheappointedtime在约定时间到达[基础练习]——单句语法填空①Anewmanagerwasappointedtodirect(direct)theprojectaftertheformeroneresigned.②Thedisabledgirlwasattendedthroughoutherschooldaysbyanurseappointed(appoint)toguardher.③Insomecasespeoplewillhavetowaitseveraldaysforanappointment(appoint)withthefamousphysician.[链接写作]——一句多译她是这些年来唯一一个被任命为公司董事的女性。①Sheistheonlywomanwhohasbeenappointedtotheboardtheseyears.(定语从句)②Sheistheonlywomanappointedtotheboardtheseyears.(非谓语动词)3．tendvt.照顾；照料vi.倾向；趋于[高考原句·2021·全国乙卷]Evensoccerfanstendtohaveaseateach;gonearethedaysofthousandsstandingtowatchthematch.(1)tend(to)sb./sth.照料；护理tendtodosth.易于做某事；往往会做某事(2)tendencyn．倾向；趋势haveatendencytodosth.倾向于做某事；往往会做某事thereisatendencytodosth.有一种做……的倾向Foryearshetendedherinherpainfulillness.多年来她一直受到病痛的折磨，都是他在照料。tend(to)thesedisabledchildrencarefully细心照料这些残疾的孩子tendtomakemistakes往往会犯错误haveatendencytotalktoomuch总爱唠叨[基础练习]——单句语法填空①Theyoungmantookajobtending(tend)acoffeebarafterhearrivedinNewYork.②WhileItendtobuy(buy)alotofbooks,thesethreeweregiventomeasgifts,whichmightaddtothemeaningIattachtothem.③Thereisagrowingtendency(tend)torecognizetheimportanceofimaginationinworksofart.[链接写作]——完成句子妻子忙于照顾五个孩子，而丈夫则不得不努力工作养家。Thewifeisbusytendingtothefivechildrenwhilethehusbandhastoworkhardtosupportthefamily.4．replacevt.[课本义]接替；取代；更换[增补义]把……放回原处[高考原句·2021·全国乙卷]Wehadawomanpatientwhowasrecoveringfromakneereplacementoperation.(1)replace...with/by...用……替换……replace...as...取代……而成为……(2)taketheplaceofsb./takeone'splace代替某人inplaceofsb./inone'splace代替某人Teacherswillneverbereplacedbycomputersintheclassroom.课堂上电脑永远不会取代老师。replacethemagazinesafterreading杂志读完后放回原处replacetheoriginalpaintingwithacopy用摹本换走原画usemilkinplaceofcreaminthisrecipe在这个食谱中用牛奶代替奶油[基础练习]——单句语法填空①Itisnotagoodideatomissmealsandreplacethemwith/bysnacks.②It'snoweasiertoreplace(replace)anobjectthantospendtimeandmoneyrepairingit.③Theyalsoexploredwhatwouldhappenifoldproductswerereplaced(replace)bynewelectronicsthatservemorethanonefunction.[链接写作]——一句多译我退休后，卡特将接替我担任这家商店的经理。①CarterwillreplacemeasmanageroftheshopwhenIretire.(replace)②CarterwillserveasmanageroftheshopinmyplacewhenIretire.(place)③CarterwilltakemyplaceasmanageroftheshopwhenIretire.(place)5．pickup捡起；收拾；整理；(偶然)获得；用车接某人；收听到；(身体)好转[高考原句·2021·新高考卷Ⅰ]OnourfirstmorninginParis,Iwentaroundthecornertothefoodmarkettopickupsomegroceries.pickoneselfup(摔倒后)站起来pickout挑出；挑选；辨别出pickone'spocket扒窃；掏包KathypickedupalotofSpanishbyplayingwiththenativeboysandgirls.凯西与当地的男孩和女孩玩耍时学会了不少西班牙语。drivetotheairporttopickupmywife开车去机场接我妻子pickupmysuitfromthedry­cleaner's从干洗店取回我的套装pickupthesebooksatasmallbookstore在一家小书店买到这些书[一词多义]——写出句中黑体部分的含义①Aftercarefultreatment,hishealthgraduallypickedup.好转②Peopleinthefarawaymountainvillagecannotpickuptelevisionprograms.接收到③TracyWongisawell­knownwriter,butherwritingskillwassomethingshepickedupbyherself.学会[链接写作]——完成句子国庆节期间，有许多志愿者会来这个景点，捡拾游客丢弃的垃圾。DuringtheNationalDay,manyvolunteerscametothescenicspottopickuprubbishthrownbytourists.6．[教材原句]SheimmediatelybecamethefirstwomanevertobehiredasaresidentphysicianintheOB­GYNdepartmentofthePUMCHospital.她立即成为第一位被聘为北京协和医院产科部住院医师的女性。[句法句式]本句的结构为“thefirst＋n.＋tobedone”，意为：第一个被……的人/物。名词前有序数词修饰时，常用不定式作后置定语。当此名词与不定式之间是主动关系时用todo作后置定语，当此名词与不定式之间是被动关系时用tobedone作后置定语。【金句推送】AttheBeijingOlympicsshebecamethefirstJamaicanwomanevertowinthe100metersOlympicgold.在北京奥运会上，她成为第一位获得奥运女子百米金牌的牙买加人。[基础练习]——单句语法填空①ZhaiZhigangisthefirstChineseastronauttowalk(walk)intheouterspace.②Shebecamethefirststudentinourschoolevertobeadmitted(admit)toTsinghuaUniversity.③Billwasamongthefirsttogain(gain)entrytoBuckinghamPalacewhenitopenedtothepublicrecently.[链接写作]——完成句子只用了六个月，它就成为Youtube有史以来第一个观看量达到10亿次的视频。Injustsixmonths,itbecamethefirstYoutubevideoevertoreachabillionviews.7．[教材原句]Afterawhile,agroupofwomencamealong,eachbalancingapotofwateronherhead.过了一会儿，一群妇女走了过来，每个人头上都顶着一罐水。[句法句式]eachbalancingapotofwateronherhead是独立主格结构作状语。独立主格结构是由名词或代词加上名词、形容词、副词、介词短语或非谓语动词等构成的一种独立结构，用于修饰整个句子。独立主格结构中的名词或代词与其后的成分构成逻辑上的主谓或动宾关系。独立主格结构可置于主句前、主句后或主句中，常由逗号将其与主句分开，在句中作状语或定语，相当于一个状语或定语从句。【金句推送】Jimwaslisteningtothelecture,allhisattentionfixedonit.吉姆正全神贯注地听讲座。[基础练习]——单句语法填空①Thegoldseekerswouldcarrytheirsuppliesinbackpacks,eachweighing(weigh)uptofiftypounds.②Hundredsofrefugees,mostdressed(dress)inrags,attemptedtoenterothercountries.③Theend­termexaminationdrawing(draw)near,manystudentshavetostayuplatereviewingtheirlessons.[链接写作]——完成句子①因为在此时段没有班车，我们只好步行回家。Therebeingnobusatthishour,wehadtowalkhome.②因为有向导领路，我们很容易地走出了森林。Theguidelead