2023版高三一轮总复习英语（译林版）必修第三册教案

课标单词背诵(先填后背)第一组1．soiln．土壤；国土，领土，土地2．overseasadj.海外的，国外的adv.在海外，向国外3．regionn．地区，区域；行政区4．continentn．大陆，陆地，洲5．millionnum.一百万；许多，大量6．lengthn．长，长度；时间的长短；篇幅，(电影)片长7．biodiversityn．生物多样性8．speciesn．(pl.species)种，物种9．nutn．坚果10．wildlifen．野生动植物，野生生物11．beneathprep.在……下面，在……下方；配不上12．toweringadj.高大的，高耸的；出色的13．hardwoodn．阔叶树；硬材(阔叶树的木材)14．livingadj.活着的，活的；在使用的n．生计，谋生；生活方式15．frogn．蛙，青蛙16．insectn．昆虫17．microorganismn．微生物18．nutrientn．营养素，营养物19．carbonn．碳20．oxygenn．氧，氧气21．thusadv.因此，从而；这样22．agriculturen．农业，农学23．cattlen．牛24．impactn．影响，作用；撞击，冲撞vi.&vt.有影响；冲击25．extinctionn．灭绝，绝种26．climaten．气候；倾向，风气27．globaladj.全球的；全面的28．greenhousen．温室，暖房29．gasn．气体；煤气；汽油30．droughtn．旱灾，久旱第二组31．brochuren．小册子32．absolutelyadv.绝对地，完全地；极其33．beltn．地带，地区；腰带；传送带34．medaln．奖章，勋章35．imagen．形象；图像；意象36．sharkn．鲨鱼37．whalen．鲸38．deern．(pl.deer)鹿39．trackvt.&vi.跟踪，追踪n．足迹，踪迹；小道；轨道；跑道；路线40．habitatn．生活环境，栖息地41．nowhereadv.无处，哪里都不42．dolphinn．海豚43．residentn．居民，住户44．chiefn．首领，最高领导人adj.主要的；首席的45．committeen．委员会46．smogn．雾霾，烟雾47．profitn．利润，收益；好处vi.&vt.获益，得到好处48．defence(AmEdefense)n.辩护；防御，保护；防御物；国防；防守49．variousadj.各种不同的，各种各样的50．economicadj.经济的，经济上的；可赚钱的51．policyn．政策，方针；原则52．branchn．(政府或机构)部门；分部；树枝；支流；分支53．strategyn．策略，行动计划；策划，部署54．recyclevt.回收利用，再利用55．subwayn．地铁；地下人行道56．formeradj.昔日的，前任的；以前的，从前的57．officialn．官员，要员adj.公务的；正式的，官方的58．povertyn．贫穷，贫困；贫乏59．poisonvt.污染；毒死，毒害n．毒物，毒药60．chemicaln．化学制品adj.化学的；化学作用的61．furtheradj.更多的，更进一步的adv.较远，更远；进一步vt.促进，增进[单词拼写·运用]核心单词语境运用1．harmn．&vt.伤害，损害2．survivevi.生存，存活vt.幸存，幸免于难3．damagevt.&n．损害，伤害，损坏，破坏4．protestvi.反对，抗议vt.反对；坚持声称，申辩n．抗议，反对5．massn．大量；团，块，堆；一大群adj.大批的，广泛的6．processn．过程，进程；步骤，流程vt.加工，处理用所给词的适当形式填空1．Therewasafireinourstreet，butnoonewasharmed(harm)．2．Aftersurviving(survive)thatnight，shewasconfidentthateverythingelsewouldbeallright.3．Theyhaverepairedthebuildingsdamaged(damage)inthefire.4．Outsidethehallweresomeworkersprotesting(protest)againsttheirpoorconditions.5．ThepolarbearisfoundintheArcticCircleandsomebiglandmasses(mass)asfarsouthasNewfoundland.6．Hesaidthattheberrieswereprocessed(process)intojuiceorsauceinthisfactory.派生单词语境运用1．varyv．变化→varietyn．不同种类；变化，多样性；变种，变体→variousadj.各种不同的，各种各样的2．appearvi.出现→disappearvi.不复存在，灭绝，消亡；消失；失踪→appearancen．外观；外貌；出现→disappearancen．消失3．applyv．申请；应用→applicationn．应用，运用；申请→applicantn．申请人4．organizevt.组织→organizationn．组织，团体；组织工作；安排；条理→organizern．组织者5．entireadj.完全的→entirelyadv.完全地，全部地，完整地6．consequentadj.随之而来的→consequentlyadv.结果；因此→consequencen．结果，后果；重要性用所给词的适当形式填空1．Therearevariousgoodsinthesupermarket，andthepricesvaryfromcentstodollars.Thevarietyattractsmanycustomers.(vary)2．Whenhesuddenlyappearedintheclassroom，thestudentswereconcentratingonlisteningtotheirteacher.Hissuddenappearancesurprisedthem.(appear)3．Theapplicantswhowanttoapplyforthepositionshouldhandintheirapplications．(apply)4．Hejoinedtheorganizationwhichwasorganizedbyhisschoolassoonasitwassetup.(organize)5．Theentirevillagewasdestroyed.Itnowlooksentirelydifferentfromthepreviousone.(entire)6．Oneoftheworstconsequencesofsmokingforalongtimeisthatyoumaysufferfromlungcancer.Consequently，youandyourfamilywillsufferalot.(consequent)1．(2021·全国乙卷)OfthoseAustralianswhostillhavealandline，athirdconcedethatit'snotreallynecessaryandthey'rekeepingitasasecurityblanket—19percentsaytheyneveruseitwhileafurther13percentkeepitincaseofemergencies. CA．较远，更远 B．更进一步的C．另外的2．(2018·天津卷)Future3Dfoodprinterscouldmakeprocessedfoodhealthier. CA．过程，进程B．步骤C．加工，处理3．(2018·北京卷)14hourslaterthefilmshadlost13%oftheirmass—apparentlybrokendownbyenzymes(酶)fromtheworms'stomachs. AA．质量B．一大群C．团，块，堆[短语理解·运用]高频短语1．inturn相应地，转而2．breakdown使分解(为)，使变化(成)3．breathelifeinto给……带来起色，注入活力4．dueto由于，因为5．buildup逐渐增加，扩大6．indangerof处于……的危险中7．comeupwith想出，想到8．callfor(公开)要求；需要9．springtomind突然记起(或想到)10．getridof摆脱，丢弃，扔掉11．giveriseto使发生(或存在)12．leaveout漏掉语境运用选用左边短语的适当形式填空1．Itissaidthatthenewspaperarticlescallforseverepunishmentforthiscrime.2．Increasedproductionwill，inturn，leadtoincreasedprofits.3．Aftermanyyears，rocksbreakdownintodirt.4．Theprojecthadtobeabandonedduetoalackofgovernmentfunding.5．Shehasalwaysbeenencouragedtoswimtobuildupthestrengthofhermuscles.6．Asisknowntoall，thepandaisindangerofbecomingextinct.[句式辨识·运用]教材原句背诵句式结构仿写1．过去分词短语作后置定语Ofthe390，000plantspeciesknowntous，morethan40，000canbefoundintheAmazon.Ihavesomethingimportanttosay.Canthoseseatedatthebackhearme?我有重要的事情要说。坐在后面的那些人能听见我说话吗？2.“表语＋系动词＋主语”倒装句式Abovethatisthemassofleaflitteronthedarkforestfloor.Amongtheguestsisthepersonyouarelookingfor.你找的那个人就在客人当中。3.“so＋助动词＋主语”结构Asthehumanpopulationcontinuestogrow，sodoestheeffectwehaveonanimals.Iadoredthismovieandsodidallmyfriends．我喜欢这部电影，我所有的朋友们也喜欢。1．harm[课本义]n.&vt.伤害，损害[增补义]vt.使……受到损害n．危害(高考原句·2020·浙江1月卷)Manypeoplesuspectthatalltherocksaltusedeverywinterisharmingtheenvironment.(1)causeharmto...对……造成伤害/有害harmsb.(＝doharmtosb.＝dosb.harm)伤害某人Thereisnoharmindoingsth.做某事没有害处meannoharmto...对……没有恶意(2)harmfuladj.有害的beharmfulto...对……有害(3)harmlessadj.无害的Whatshouldbedonetopunishpeoplewhodoharmtotheanimals?应该做些什么来惩罚那些伤害动物的人呢？meannoharmtoher对她并无恶意domoreharmthangood成事不足，败事有余doalotofharmtothecrops给庄稼带来许多危害theharmdonetotheenvironment对环境造成的损害【基础练习】——单句语法填空/单句改错①Thereisnoharminwriting(write)downyournameontheform.②Ifweknowthatgossip(闲话)canbeharmful(harm)，thenwhydosomanyofusdoit?③Imeantnoharmforyou—onlytokeepyoufromfailing.for→to【链接写作】——一句多译如果使用不当，这种药物会对你造成伤害。①Ifusedimproperly，themedicinewilldo/causeharmtoyou/doyouharm．(harmn．)②Ifusedimproperly，themedicinewillharmyou．(harmvt.)③Ifusedimproperly，themedicinewillbeharmfultoyou．(harmful)2．variety[课本义]n.不同种类；变化，多样性；变种，变体[增补义]n.品种；综艺节目(1)avarietyof＝varietiesof种种，各种不同的；多方面的thevarietyof...……的品种(2)variousadj.各种各样的；多方面的(3)varyvt.&vi.改变；变更；变化；不同varywith...随着……而变化varyin在……方面不同/有差异varyfrom...to...由……到……情况不等Joinustotasteavarietyoffreshlocalfoodanddrinks.和我们一起品尝当地多种多样的新鲜的食物和饮料。varywiththetime随着时间而变化varyinprice在价格方面不同/有差异varyfromplacetoplace各个地方变化不同foravarietyof/varietiesof/variousreasons由于各种原因【基础练习】——单句语法填空/单句改错①IfyoucometovisitChina，youwillexperienceacultureofamazingdepthandvariety(vary)．②Thevarietyoffoodattherestaurantis(be)limited，buttheamountofeachdishisfairlylarge.③Aswecansee，thepricesofvegetablesvaryalongtheseason.along→with【链接写作】——词汇升级(普通表达)Heisalwaysmakingupallkindsofjokestomakeeveryonelaugh.(高级表达)Heisalwaysmakingupavarietyof/varietiesofjokestomakeeveryonelaugh.【名师点津】avarietyof...之后谓语动词用复数形式；thevarietyof...之后谓语动词用单数形式。3．survive[课本义]vi.生存，存活vt.幸存，幸免于难[增补义]vi.&vt.挺过(难关)；比……活得长(高考原句·2021·全国甲卷)TheXi'anCityWallisthemostcompletecitywallthathassurvivedChina'slonghistory.(1)survivesth.幸免于，在……中幸存下来surviveon靠……生存下来survivefrom从……留存下来；流传下来AsurviveB(by...)A比B活得长(几年)(2)survivaln．生存；残存物Ifhecouldn'tfindhiswayoutoftheforest，therewouldbelittlechancetosurvive/ofsurvival.如果他找不到走出森林的路，他生存的可能性很小。survivetwoworldwars经历了两次世界大战而幸存下来surviveonrootsandberries靠吃树根和浆果维持生命poorpeoplestrugglingtosurvive为生存而挣扎着的穷人【基础练习】——单句语法填空/单句改错①Idon'tknowhowyouallmanagetosurviveonJeremy'ssalary.②Somestrangecustomshavesurvivedinearliertimes.in→from【链接写作】——完成句子据说这位女士比她的丈夫多活了10年。It'ssaidthatthewomansurvivedherhusbandby10years.【名师点津】survive表示“从地震、火灾、事故等中幸存下来”时，为及物动词，其后不可接介词from或in。4．defence[课本义]n.辩护；防御，保护；防御物；国防；防守[增补义]n.答辩；被告一方(及辩护律师)(1)indefenceof保护；为了保卫；(为……)辩护inone'sdefence＝indefenceofsb.为某人辩护(2)defendvt.保卫；防守defend...from/against...保护……免受……；为……辩护defendoneself自卫Thescientistwenttothatregionindefenceofthatrarespecies.那位科学家去了那个地区保护那种珍稀物种。indefenceofpeople'sinterests保护人民的利益indefenceofthepresentsystem为目前的体系辩护defendoneselfsuccessfullyincourt在法庭上成功地为自己进行了辩护【基础练习】——单句语法填空/单句改错①Thetravellermayfireatawildbeasttodefendhimself(he)incaseheisattacked.②Severalpeoplespokeinmydefenceatthemeeting.③Thecouncilstatesthateverychildshouldbedefendedofdangerousthings.of→from/against【链接写作】——完成句子现在越来越多的妇女学会起来保护她们的合法权利。Moreandmorewomentodayhavelearnedtorisetodefend/indefenceoftheirlegalrights．5．consequence[课本义]n.结果，后果；重要性[增补义]n.重大意义(高考原句·2020·全国卷Ⅰ)Iwonderifparentsshouldalwaystellthetruthnomattertheconsequences.(1)asaconsequence(＝inconsequence)因此，结果inconsequenceof(＝asaconsequenceof)由于……的缘故，因而beofno/littleconsequence无足轻重的，不重要的(2)consequentadj.必然的；随之发生的consequentlyadv.因此；必然地Finallytheyoungmanbrokedownasaconsequenceof/inconsequenceofgreatstress.因为压力太大，最后那个年轻人崩溃了。answerfor/dealwith/taketheconsequences承担后果inconsequenceofhisbadwork由于他工作表现不好beofgreatconsequencetoallofus对我们所有人都非常重要acceptthefullconsequencesofyourbehaviour承担你的行为所引起的全部后果【基础练习】——单句语法填空/单句改错①Wemustanswerfortheconsequencesofourowndeed.②MycarbrokedownandconsequentIwaslate.consequent→consequently【链接写作】——词汇升级(普通表达)Agreatfirebrokeout，andasaresult，thehousewascompletelydestroyed.①(高级表达)Agreatfirebrokeout，andasaconsequence/inconsequence，thehousewascompletelydestroyed.②(高级表达)Asaconsequenceof/Inconsequenceofagreatfire，thehousewascompletelydestroyed.6．breakdown[课本义]使分解(为)，使变化(成)[增补义]出故障；抛锚；(身体等)垮掉；(情感等)失控；(谈判等)失败；打破，消除(高考原句·2021·浙江卷)Iunderstoodimmediatelywhatmyparentswereworriedabout.Really，thetruckmydaddroveoftenbrokedownhalfway.【一词多义】——写出下列句子中breakdown的汉语意思①Hehadtopausefromtimetotimetowipethesweatfromhisforehead，becausetheairconditioningbrokedown. (机器)出故障②IfTimcarriesonworkinglikethis，he'llbreakdownsoonerorlater. (身体)垮掉③Tounderstandthegrammarofthesentence，youmustbreakitdownintoparts. 分解④Thetwocountriesaregoingtomeettobreakdownsomebarrierstotradebetweenthem.消除breakup打碎；驱散；(关系)破裂，分手；(会议等)结束；(物理)解体breakin打断，插嘴；强行闯入breakinto强行闯入；突然开始(笑、欢呼等)breakoff使折断；突然终止；中断(谈话等)breakout(战争、火灾等)突然发生，爆发breakthrough克服；取得突破breakawayfrom脱离；断绝与……的关系Thecomputersystembrokedownsuddenlywhilehewassearchingforinformation.在他搜寻资料时，电脑系统突然坏了。breakdownracialdiscrimination消除种族歧视breakuptheoldcarsfortheirparts把那些旧车拆掉取零件breakdowntheprojectintosmallerparts把项目分成几个小部分【基础练习】——语段语法填空Unfortunately，thepeacetalksbrokedownintheend.Asaresult，awarbrokeoutbetweenthetwocountries.Thenativepeoplehadtobreakawayfromtheirhomesandsufferedalotfromthewar.【链接写作】——完成句子①妈妈闯进我的房间，告诉我不要熬夜了，否则身体会垮掉的。MotherbrokeintomyroomandtoldmenottostayuporIwouldbreakdown．②科学家认为他们在抗癌的研究中开始有所突破。Scientiststhinktheyarebeginningtobreakthroughinthefightagainstcancer.7．buildup[课本义]逐渐增加，扩大[增补义]逐渐增强；增强……的体质；建立；创办；开发；聚集；积累(高考原句·2021·天津3月卷)“Thetechnologistmustbuildupastorywiththepatient，”Ms.L'Ecuyersaid.【一词多义】——写出下列句子中buildup的汉语意思①Bearsbuildupfatstoresthroughoutthesummerandfalltohaveenergyenoughtolastthemthroughtheirwintersleep. 积累②Hisconfidencebuiltupgraduallyashegainedmoreandmoreexperienceinteaching. 逐渐增强③Takingexercisehelpsusbuildusupandkeepaclearmind. 增强……的体质④It'ssaidthatshe'sbuiltupaverysuccessfulbusiness. 建立；创办buildsth.up创建；开发buildsb./oneselfup增强某人或自身的体质buildupone'svocabulary增加词汇量buildon把……建立于；依赖Takinganactivepartinsportsandoutdooractivitiesisreallyhelpfultobuildusupandenrichourschoollife.积极参加体育和户外活动确实有助于强身健体和丰富我们的学校生活。buildthewallup把墙加厚buildupone'sstrength恢复体力buildonearlierachievements建立在原来的成就之上【基础练习】——单句语法填空/单句改错①Greenhousegasescontinuetobuildupintheatmosphere，causingtheglobaltemperaturetogoup.②Hedrewtheconclusionbybuildinguphisowninvestigation.up→on【链接写作】——完成句子这儿很多大企业都是从小规模发展起来的。Manyalargeandbigbusinesshasbeenbuiltupfromsmalloneshere.8．comeupwith[课本义]想出，想到[增补义]追赶上；比得上(高考原句·2021·浙江卷)Inthepastfewyears，anincreasingnumberofpeopleandorganisationshavebeguncomingupwithplanstocounterthiseup升起；被提出；发生keepupwith与……同步，跟上(强调状态)catchupwith跟上(强调动作)putupwith忍耐，忍受；熬过endupwith以……结束Tohersurprise，somethingunexpectedcameupatthemeeting.让她惊讶的是，会议上出现了意想不到的事情。endupwithnothing一无所得comeupwithnewways/ideas提出新的方法/想法putupwithbehaviourfromtheirson容忍他们儿子的行为keepupwiththeseexcellentstudents跟上那些优秀学生【基础练习】——单句语法填空/单句改错①Specialistscancomeupwithnewwaystosolvetheproblemofairpollution.②Withoutyourhelp，theexperimentwillendupwithfailure.③Afterbeingoutofschoolsolong，shehadtoworkhardinordertocatchupontheothers.on→with【链接写作】——完成句子在会上他们都对如何解决这些问题提出了一些想法。Atthemeetingtheyallcameupwithsomeideasonhowtosolvetheseproblems.【名师点津】comeupwith意为“提出”，主语(人)是提出者，后面的宾语才是被提出的内容，无被动语态。comeup为不及物动词短语。9．Asthehumanpopulationcontinuestogrow，sodoestheeffectwehaveonanimals.随着人口的持续增长，我们对动物的影响也在不断增加。(1)“so＋be动词/助动词/情态动词＋主语”表示上文所述的肯定情况也适用于另一个人或物，意为“……也一样”。(2)“so＋主语＋be动词/助动词/情态动词”表示同意上文所述内容，意为“确实如此，的确如此”。(3)“neither/nor＋be动词/助动词/情态动词＋主语”表示上文的否定情况也适用于后者，意为“……也不……”。(4)如果表示前面两件事或两件以上的事也适合于另一人或物时，则需要Soitis/waswith...或Itis/wasthesamewith...。【金句推送】(2019·全国卷Ⅰ)Asthenumberoftouristshasgrown，sohastheamountoftrafficontheroads.随着游客数量的增加，道路上的交通量也增加了。【基础练习】——单句语法填空/单句改错①Henryisverycleverbuthedoesn'tworkhardathislessons.Soitiswithhislittlebrother.②Whenwebeginconversationswithnewpeople，wewanttofeelcomfortable，andneitherdothey.neither→so【链接写作】——句式升级(普通表达)Hisparentswerenotsatisfiedwiththeresultsoftheexam.Histeacherwasnotsatisfiedeither.(高级表达)Hisparentswerenotsatisfiedwiththeresultsoftheexam，andneither/norwashisteacher．(neither/nor)夯基固本——基础强化Ⅰ.用所给词的正确形式填空1．Walkingintheairfullofsmogisharmful(harm)tous.2．Nomatterwhatyouliketodo，thereisawaytogetinvolvedinvarious(vary)activitiesonEarthDay.3．Therewasacarcrashyesterday，andofthesixpeopleinjured，onlytwosurvived(survive)．4．Allthepeople，menandwomen，youngandold，werefightingagainstthefloodindefence(defend)oftheirownhomes.5．Itrainedyesterday，andconsequently(consequent)，thematchwascancelled.Ⅱ.改正句中的错误1．Townsonlyafewmilesapartcanhaveentiredifferentdialects.entire→entirely2．Thevillagersweremendingtheroofdamagedwiththestrongwind.with→by3．Hewassurprisedaboutthedisappearanceofmanyspeciesofplantsfromourplanet.about→at/by4．We'llneedseverallengthofstringtotiethepackage.length→lengths5．Theconferenceclosedwithshortspeechbytheorganizer.with后加aⅢ.在空白处填入一个适当的词1．There'snogreatharmindrinkingalittlebeertorelievetirednessafterhardwork.2．Roomsvaryinsizeandareequippedwithhairdryers，televisionsandtelephones.3．Theycansurviveonverylittlemoney.4．Shehadtodefendherselfagainst/fromtheguarddog.5．Sheworkedhardatherlessonsandasaconsequenceshegothighmarks.6．Atonepoint，thepeacetalksbetweenthetwocountriesseemedtobreakdownwithnoagreementreached.7．Itmaytakeafewweeksforyoutobuildupyourstrengthagain.8．Ihadn'tbeentothecontinentbeforeandneither/norhadJane.查缺补漏——知识拾遗Ⅰ.用所给词的正确形式填空1．Amongthepeopleis(be)alittleboysurvivingtheearthquake.2．Heisthepersontracking(track)measfarasthefactorytheotherday.3．Hedecidedtosendhissonabroadforfurther(far)education.4．Asamatteroffact，someoftheirnewproductsarehighlyprofitable(profit)．5．Theexperttalkedoftheapplication(apply)ofthenewtechnology.6．WhenI'mreadingabook，absolutely(absolute)nothingcangetmyattention.7．Youmustn'ttakeanythingthatispoisonous(poison)tothatcentre.8．Itisnaturalthatamayorshouldpaymoreattentiontotheeconomic(economy)development.Ⅱ.在空白处填入一个适当的词1．Theyoungmanwasforcedtoleavethecompanyduetothismistake.2．Tobehonest，whatyousaidhadnoimpactonthechildrenhere.3．Infact，theyoungvolunteershavebreathedlifeintotheoldclub.4．Thevillagersstayedintheshelterwhereenoughfoodwasoffered.5．Howmanyfactoryworkersareindangeroflosingtheirjobsnow?6．Hehassomemoneyinhispocket，withwhichhewillbuyhersomebooks.强技提能——语言运用Ⅰ.课文缩写语法填空WelcometotheAmazonrainforest，the1．largest(large)rainforestintheworld.Itplaysasignificantrolein2.maintaining(maintain)thefinebalanceoftheEarth'secosystem.TheAmazonrainforestcrossesintoeightcountries3.withanareaofaround6millionsquarekilometres，morethanhalf4.thesizeofChina.ItisnamedaftertheAmazonRiver,5.whichiscloseto6，400kilometresinlength.Ofthe390，000plantspecies6.known(know)tous，morethan40，000canbefoundintheAmazonrainforest.Theforest'sdifferentlevelssupportanunbelievable7.variety(vary)ofwildlife.Andmorethan1，300speciesof8.birds(bird)andover400speciesofmammalshideamongtheforest.TheAmazonrainforest9.isrecognized(recognize)asthe“lungsoftheplanet”byfixingcarbonandproducingover20%ofalltheEarth'soxygen.Moreover，theAmazonrainforest10.is(be)atreasurehouseofspeciesthatcanbeusedforfoodormedicine.Ⅱ.文本写作Step1．写作要点(利用本单元知识补全所给英文句子)①2019年，被称为“地球之肺”的亚马孙热带雨林发生了特大火灾。In2019，ahugefirebrokeoutintheAmazonrainforestknownasthe“lungsoftheplanet”．②火灾可能对生态系统造成永久性破坏。Thefirecouldcausepermanentdamagetotheecosystem.③碳排放可能导致全球变暖。Carbonemissionsmaycontributetoglobalwarming．④近年来由于人类的活动，亚马孙雨林一直在遭到破坏。Ithasbeendestroyinginrecentyearsduetohumanactivities．⑤相关资料显示，在过去的30年里，亚马孙雨林已经缩小了六分之一。Relevantinformationshowsthatinthepast30years，theAmazonrainforesthasshrunkbyonesixth．⑥如果这种现象没有得到遏制，在不远的将来，这片美丽的雨林将从地球上消失！Ifthisphenomenonisnotcontrolled，thisbeautifulrainforestwilldisappearfromtheearthinthenearfuture!Step2.衔接成文(利用恰当的过渡衔接词语连句成篇)In2019，ahugefirebrokeoutintheAmazonrainforestknownasthe“lungsoftheplanet”．Thefirecouldcausepermanentdamagetotheecosystemandcarbonemissionsmaycontributetoglobalwarming.Infact，ithasbeendestroyinginrecentyearsduetohumanactivities.Relevantinformationshowsthatinthepast30years，theAmazonrainforesthasshrunkbyonesixth.Ifthisphenomenonisnotcontrolled，thisbeautifulrainforestwilldisappearfromtheearthinthenearfuture!

课标单词背诵(先填后背)第一组1．countyn．郡，县2．disastern．灾难，灾害；彻底失败3．crashn．碰撞声，破裂声；碰撞；崩溃vi.&vt.碰撞，撞击；崩溃4．signalvi.&vt.发信号，示意；标志n．信号，暗号；标志；信号灯5．exitvt.&vi.出去，离去，退场；退出n．出口，通道；离开6．stairn．楼梯；梯级7．rolln．名单；卷；一管；翻滚vi.&vt.翻滚，滚动；翻身；卷起8．confirmvt.证实，确认；使确信；批准9．hugvt.拥抱，搂抱；抱紧10．proceduren．程序，步骤，手续11．oddadj.奇怪的，怪异的；偶尔的；不成对的12．reliefn．宽慰，轻松；减轻，消除；救济13．typhoonn．台风14．destructiveadj.引起破坏(或毁灭)的，破坏(或毁灭)性的15．polen．柱，杆；极16．hurricanen．飓风17．conferencen．会议，研讨会；讨论，商谈18．powern．电，电力；权力；政权；控制力；能力；能量；力量19．donatevt.捐赠，赠送；献(血)20．charityn．慈善机构(或组织)；慈善，施舍；仁爱，宽容21．staffn．全体职工；管理人员vt.在……工作，任职于22．sliden．幻灯片；降低；滑行；山崩vi.&vt.滑行；逐渐陷入23．fundn．资金；基金第二组24．floodn．洪水，水灾；大量vi.&vt.淹没，泛滥；大量涌入；充满25．downstairsadv.在楼下，往楼下n．楼下26．documentn．文件，公文；(计算机中的)文档27．honeyn．(爱称)亲爱的；蜂蜜28．otherwiseadv.否则，不然；除此以外29．curiousadj.好奇的；奇特的30．eruptvi.&vt.(火山)爆发；突然发生31．unearthvt.使出土，挖掘，发掘；发现，找到32．destinationn．目的地，终点33．barn．酒吧；小馆子；吧台；条，块；栏杆；障碍vt.封；阻挡；阻止34．importn．进口产品，输入的产品；输入vt.进口，引进35．exportn．出口产品，输出的产品；出口，输出vt.出口，输出36．portn．港口，避风港；港口城市37．cloud­cappedadj.高耸入云的，耸入云霄的38．volcanon．火山39．trunkn．树干40．unbearableadj.难耐的，无法忍受的41．beyondadv.在(或向)较远处，在另一边prep.在(或向)更远处；超出；晚于；无法；超出……之外42．distancen．遥远，久远；距离；差异；疏远43．patternn．图案，花样；模式；范例；模型44．columnn．柱，圆柱；柱状物；栏；专栏；队，列45．locatevt.找出……的准确位置；把……安置在(或建造于)46．retirevi.&vt.退休，退职[单词拼写·运用]核心单词语境运用1．injurevt.伤害，使受伤；损害2．occurvi.发生，出现；存在于3．scarevt.&vi.惊吓，害怕n．恐慌；惊吓4．supplyn．补给，补给品；供应；供应量，储备vt.供应，供给，提供5．rescuen．&vt.救援，营救，抢救6．shockn．震惊，惊愕，剧烈震动vt.使震惊用所给词的适当形式填空1．Threepeoplewerekilledandfiveinjured(injure)inthecrash.2．Alongwithyourwonderfulinnovation，youneedtohandinareport，explaininghowtheideaoccurs(occur)toyouandwhatmaterialsyouuse.3．Shewasscared(scare)togointotheyardbecauseabigdogwasinit.4．Thecompanyhaswonaplantosupply(supply)booksandmaterialstoschools.5．Thetwomenonthefishingshipwererescued(rescue)beforeitsank.6．Iwasshocked(shock)tohearthenewsthathehadbeenfired.派生单词语境运用1．ordern．命令；顺序；规则→orderlyadj.有秩序的，有条理的，整齐的2．reactvi.反应→reactionn．反应，回应；抗拒；化学反应3．sharpadj.灵敏的；锋利的；急剧的；明显的；尖锐的；强烈的→sharplyadv.急剧地；锋利地→sharpenvt.使锋利→sharpenern．铅笔刀；磨具4．informvt.了解，熟悉；通知→informationn．信息用所给词的适当形式填空1．Theboy'spencilisn'tsharp，sohesharpensitwithhissharpener．(sharp)2．Inordertokeeptheroadorderlyandpeoplesafe，everyoneshouldfollowthetrafficrules.(order)3．Peoplemaywonderhowtheirparents，children，friends，andcoworkerswillreacttotheircancer，andhowtheywillfeelaboutthatreaction．(react)4．Createadocumenttoshowwhoneedtobekeptinformedabouttheprojectandhowtheywillreceivetheinformation．(inform)1．(2021·浙江6月卷)Hedocumentedhisjourneyashesetabouttreatingnatureasabrandtobemarketedtoyoungpeople. BA．文件B．记录，记载C．(计算机中的)文档2．(2021·新高考卷Ⅰ)Ithappenedthattheplantdowntownneededeightkidsfortemporaryhelpduringourspringbreak，forwhichIhadnoplansbeyondlisteningtomyfavoriterecords. AA．除……之外B．在(或向)更远处C．晚于3．(2020·浙江卷)Newpowermachineryandartificialfertilizers(化肥)havenowtotallytransformedawayoflifethatstartedintheStoneAge. AA．动力B．权力C．能力4．(2018·浙江卷)Sincethen，thissocietyhasmovedonward，neverlookingback，asthecartransformedAmericafromafarm­basedsocietyintoanindustrialpower. BA．能量B．强国C．电力[短语理解·运用]高频短语1．atlarge整个，全部2．safeandsound安然无恙的3．occurto被想到，浮现在脑中4．keepone'shead(在困境中)保持冷静5．holdonto紧紧抓住6．toone'srelief让某人宽慰的是7．runoutof用完；耗尽8．taketheformof呈现……的形状；采取……的形式9．breakout突然开始，爆发10．farandwide到处，各处11．floodin涌入12．alongwith和……一起13．aboveall最重要的是14．inthedistance在远处语境运用选用左边短语的适当形式填空1．Trytokeepyourheadandjusttellmewhathappened.2．Atlastheacceptedtheopinionofthepublicatlarge．3．Happily，allofthemhavereturnedsafeandsound．4．Thisspecialkindofartcantaketheformofpaintings，sculptures，clothorevenstickers.5．Whatshallwedoifwerunoutofallthesupplies?6．Itoldhimhowwehadfoughttoholdontothecompany.7．Inaflash，itoccurredtohimthathehadlefthisumbrellainthemeetingroom.[句式辨识·运用]教材原句背诵句式结构仿写1．bedoing...when...正在做……，这时……AliceBrown，headteacheratFalmontPrimarySchool，wasteachingwhenthefloorbegantoshake.Thefirefighterswererescuingtheresidentswhenitbegantorain.消防队员正在救那些居民，这时开始下雨了。2.incase...万一……；以防，以备Atthesametime，MissBrownquicklyopenedtheclassroomdoor，incaseitbecamedamagedduringtheshakingandcouldnotopen.Thistime，westayedtogether，incaseanythingelseunusualoccurred．这次我们待在一起，以防其他异常的事情发生。3.themoment...一……就……Themomenttheshakingstopped，MissBrownsenseditwasthebesttimefortheclasstomaketheirescape.Allthestudentsranoutoftheclassroomthemomenttheearthquakeoccurred．地震一发生，所有学生都跑出了教室。4.mighthavedone过去可能做了某事Itsashyrocks，nowdark，nowlight，toldastoryofpasteruptionsthatmighthavewarnedthecitywhatwastocome！Ourteacherwasalittleshocked.Shemighthaveknownthetruth．我们的老师有些震惊，她或许是知道真相了。1．injure[课本义]vt.伤害，使受伤；损害[增补义]vt.伤害(名誉、自尊等)(1)injuryn．(对躯体的)伤害，损伤；(对感情的)伤害，挫伤dosb./oneselfaninjury(＝doaninjurytosb./oneself)使某人或自己受伤害(2)injuredadj.受伤的getinjured受伤theinjured伤员I'mconfidentthathewillrecoverfromtheinjurysoon.我相信他很快会从伤痛中恢复过来。Butnow，becausemyleftfootwasinjuredinthefootballgame，Icannotgowithyouasplanned.但现在，由于我的左脚在足球比赛中受伤了，我不能像计划的那样和你一起去。injureaman'spride伤害某人的自尊心herbadlyinjuredankle她严重受伤的脚踝sufferaninjurytoherback她的背部受了伤injureanarminacaraccident在车祸中伤了一只手臂【基础练习】——单句语法填空/单句改错①Hiskneewasinjured(injure)yesterdayafternoon.②Itisreportedthatinjuredhavebeentransferredtolocalhospitalsfortreatment.injured前加the【链接写作】——词汇升级(普通表达)RemindJohnnottoinjurehimselfwhenheplaysoutdoors.(高级表达)RemindJohnnottodoaninjurytohimself/dohimselfaninjurywhenheplaysoutdoors.(injury)2．reaction[课本义]n.反应，回应；抗拒；化学反应[增补义]n.生理反应，副作用(高考原句·2020·浙江卷)Inthepast，therewasoftenanautomaticreactiontoincreasedtraffic：justwidentheroads.(1)reactionto对……的反应(2)reactvi.反应，回应reactto...对……作出反应/回应reactwith与……起化学反应reactagainst反对；反抗reacton/upon影响；对……起作用Idon'tknowwhathisreactionwastothatconsequenceatthetime.我不知道当时他对那个结果的反应是什么。reactagainsthiseducation反抗对他的教育reacttothelatestnews对最新消息作出反应reacton/upontheunkindpeople影响那些不善良的人anaturalreactiontosuchbadnews对这种坏消息的自然反应【基础练习】——单句语法填空/单句改错①Butweallhavetoacceptthataswegetolderourdifferentreactions(reaction)slowdown.②Theinstructorwondershowthestudentsreactonthestrengthtraining.on→to【链接写作】——完成句子①孩子们往往以违背父母的意愿来反抗他们。Childrentendtoreactagainsttheirparentsbygoingagainsttheirwishes.②铁与水和空气发生反应而生锈。Ironreactswithwaterandairtoproducerust.3．occur[课本义]vi.发生，出现；存在于[增补义]vi.举行；想起(高考原句·2020·全国卷Ⅲ)Wearetheproductsofevolution，andnotjustevolutionthatoccurredbillionsofyearsago.(1)sth.occur(s)tosb.某人想起某事itoccurstosb.that...某人想起……itoccurstosb.todosth.某人想到要做某事(2)occurrencen．发生；事件；出现Itsuddenlyoccurredtohimthathehadlefthiskeysintheoffice.他突然想起他把钥匙落在办公室里了。beoffrequent/rareoccurrence是常有或少有的ifanythingshouldoccur如果发生什么事情的话occurredatabout3：30p．m.发生在下午3点30分左右【基础练习】——单句语法填空/单句改错①AgoodideaoccurredtomewhenIwokeupthismorning.②Itneveroccurredhertoaskforhelpwhenshewasintrouble.her前加to【链接写作】——句式升级(普通表达)WhenIgothome，IrememberedthatIhadleftmybookintheclassroom.(高级表达)WhenIgothome，itoccurredtomethatIhadleftmybookintheclassroom.(occur)【名师点津】表示“某人突然想起……”的短语有：sth.strike/sb.；sth.hitsb.等。4．relief[课本义]n.宽慰，轻松；减轻，消除；救济[增补义]n.(痛苦、忧虑等的)解除，换班(接替)人，加班(增开)的公共汽车、火车等(高考原句·2019·全国卷Ⅱ)Still，mostofusvolunteersbreatheasighofreliefwhentheseasoncomestoaclose.(1)in/withrelief如释重负；松了口气toone'srelief令人感到欣慰的是It'sarelieftodosth.做某事是令人欣慰的Whatarelief！可轻松了！(真叫人宽慰！)(2)relievevt.使轻松，宽慰；缓解relievesb.of...解除某人……方面的负担Itwasarelieftohearthattheyhadreturned，safeandsound.听说他们安然无恙地回来了，感到舒心多了。smilein/withrelief舒心地笑了ahugerelieftoher对她来说是个莫大安慰breatheasighofrelief如释重负地松了一口气giveapatientrelieffrompain使病人减轻痛苦【基础练习】——单句语法填空/单句改错①Itisagreatrelieftoknow(know)you'resafe.②Oh，whatarelief!Thankyou