人教版高中英语必修一知识点整理

Unit1friendship1.语法：直接引语和间接引语（1）陈述句和疑问句friendship2.阅读及语言点：a.Anne’sbestfriend3.写作：建议信4.巩固练习Period2:languagepointsPeriod3:usinglanguagePeriod4:writingPeriod5:quizUnit1friendship语法直接引语和间接引语

1.直接引语在改为间接引语时，时态需要做相应的调整。

eg:“IbrokeyourCDplayer.”(一般过去时改成过去完成时)

HetoldmehehadbrokenmyCDplayer.

Jennysaid,“Ihavelostabook.”

(现在完成时改成过去完成时)

Jennysaidshehadlostabook.

Mumsaid,“I’llgotoseeafriend.”

(一般将来时改成过去将来时)

Mumsaidshewouldgotoseeafriend.

过去完成时保留原有的时态

Hesaid,“Wehadn’tfinishedourhomework.”

Hesaidtheyhadn’tfinishedtheirhomework.

注意直接引语是客观真理，过去进行时，时态不变。

2．在直接引语变间接引语时，如果从句中的主语时第一人称或被第一人称所修饰，从句中的人称要按照主句中主语的人称变化。如：

Marysaid,“Mybrotherisanengineer.”

Marysaidherbrotherwasandengineer.

3．直接引语如果是反意疑问句，选择疑问句或一般疑问句，间接引语应改为由whether或if引导的宾语从句。如：

Hesaid,“Canyourun,Mike?”

HeaskedMikewhether/ifhecouldrun.

4.直接引语如果是祈使句，间接引语应改为“tell(ask,order,beg等)*(not)todosth.”句型。如：

“Passmethewater,please.”saidhe.

Heaskedhimtopassherthewater.

5.直接引语如果是以“Let’s”开头的祈使句，变为间接引语时，通常用“suggest+动名词或从句”的结构。如：

Shesaid,“Let’sgotothecinema.”

Shesuggestedgoingtothecinema.

或Shesuggestedthattheyshouldgotothecinema.

语言点

1.begoodto对……友好

begoodfor对……有益；bebadto…/bebadfor…

Iwillbegoodtootherpeople.我会善良的对待其他人.

Itwouldbegoodforyoutospendaholidayinthesun.在有阳光的地方度假会给你带来很多好处。

TheOlympicswillbegoodforbusiness.奥运会的召开将有利于商业的发展。

begoodat擅长makegood有成就；成功asgoodas实际上；几乎等于

agooddeal许多，大量彻底的；完全的；痛快的tohaveagooddrink喝个痛快

2.addup加起来

addupto合计，总计

add…to把……加到……addto增加

Addupyourscoreandseehowmanypointsyouget?把你的分数加起来，看看得多少？

Somepeoplecanaddupquiteeasilyintheirheads,butnotall.

Goodfriendsdonotaddupwhattheydoforeachother;insteadtheyofferhelpwhenitisneeded.

Thefiguresaddupto270.这些数字加起来是270。

Youshouldn’taddfueltotheflame你不应该火上加油

Fireworksaddedtotheattractionofthefestivalnight.焰火使节日的夜晚更加生色。

Thebadweatheraddedtotheshipwreckedsailors’difficulties.恶劣的天气增加了失事船只的船员们的困难。

Yourfriendcannotgountilhefinishescleaninghisbike.

not…until/till意思是“直到…才”，表示主句谓语所表示的动作直到until状语所表示的时间才发生，主句的谓语动词表示的是动作的开始，动词既可以是延续性的，也可以是非延续性的。

Theydidnotcomebackuntileleven.他们会在十一点后回来。

Ididnotnoticeituntilyesterday.我一直到昨天才注重到它。

4.Youhadtopaytogetitrepaired

getsthdone使……完成/让某人做某事

5.Youwillignorethebellandgosomewherequiettocalmyourfrienddown.

Isaidhellotoher,butsheignoredmecompletely!

calm…down使平息,使平静

calmdown平息/平静下来

Thecryingchildsooncalmeddown.哭闹的小孩不多一会就安静下来。

Itwasalongtimebeforehemanagedtocalmhimselfdown.过了很久他才努力使自己冷静下来。

Wetriedtocalmhimdown,buthekeptcrying.

我们试图让他平静下来，但他仍不停地哭着。

6.Tellyourfriendthatyouareconcernedabouthim.beconcernedabout关心，挂念

Hewasveryconcernedabouthischildren'seducation.他很关心他儿子的教育。

Pleasedon’tbeconcernedaboutme.请别为我操心。

Whyisshesoconcernedabouthisattitudetoherwork?她为什么那么关注他对她的工作的看法？

7.Yourfriendhasgoneonholidayandaskedyoutotakecareofhisdog.

goonholiday度假

beonholiday正在休假

Whatfunitwillbewhenweallgoonholidaytogether.我们大家一起去度假那可太有意思了.

takecareof爱护，照料

takecare注意，当心

Youarenot(physically)strong,soyoumayaswelltakecareofyourhealth.你的体格不壮，因此最好注意健康。

8.Whilewalkingthedog,youwerecarelessanditgotloose.在遛狗的时候，你一粗心松开了手中的狗链。

当while,when,before,after等引导的时间状语从句中的主语与主句的主语一致时，可将从句中的主语和be动词省去。

walksbhome/toaplace:为保证安全而陪某人去某地It’slate----letmewalkyouhome.

9.takeone’send-of-termexam参加期末考试????

10.3)Yourfriend,whodoesn’tworkhard,asksyoutohelphimcheatintheend-of-termexam.（非限制性定语从句）

cheatintheexam考试作弊

11.lookatsomeoneelse’spaper看别人的试卷

12.makealistofreasons列举一些原因

13.Doyouwantafriendwhomyoucouldtelleverythingto,likeyourdeepestfeelingsandthoughts?你想有一位无话不谈、能推心置腹的朋友吗？

14.gothrough遭遇；经历；熬过；用光(钱)；获准，通过

Itcangothroughthetestofthetime.它能经受时间的考验.

Sheknewthatshehadgottogothroughallthedifficultieswithherfamily.

Hewouldgothroughfireandwaterforhiscountry.他愿为国家赴汤蹈火。

15.hideaway??躲藏；隐藏

16.Idon’twanttosetdownaseriesoffactsinadiaryasmostpeopledo,…我不愿像大多数人一样在日记中记流水账，……

Whydon'tyousetyourideasdownonpaper?

Wehavehadaseriesofstormydayswhenwewereontheisland.

Thepoliceaskedhimtosetdownwhathehadseeninareport.警察让他在报告中写下他所看见的事情。

16.Iwonderifit’sbecauseIhaven’tbeenabletobeoutdoorsforsolongthatI’vegrownsocrazyabouteverythingtodowithnature.我不知道这是不是因为我长久无法出门的缘故，我变得对一切与大自然有关的事物都无比狂热。

17.Icanwellrememberthattherewasatimewhenadeepbluesky,thesongofbirds,moonlightandflowerscouldneverhavekeptmespellbound.??我记得非常清楚，曾有一段时间，湛蓝的天空、鸟儿的歌唱、月光和鲜花，从未使我心醉神迷过。

18.Istayedawakeonpurposeuntilhalfpastelevenoneeveninginordertohaveagoodlookatthemoonforoncebymyself.

有一天晚上，我熬到11点半故意不睡觉，为的是独自好好看看月亮一次。

19.Butasthemoongavefartoomuchlight,Ididn'tdareopenawindow.但是因为月光太亮了，我不敢打开窗户。

ShespeaksFrenchfarbetterthanI,soIdon'tdaretalkwithherinFrench.

20.Ihappenedtobeupstairsatduskwhenthewindowwasopen.黄昏时我碰巧在楼上，那时窗户是开着的。

sthhappentosb某人发生某事Whathappenedtohim?

sbhappentodosth某人碰巧做某事??正巧itsohappenedthat。。。

Ithappenedthathewasseenbyhisfather.=Hehappenedtobeseenbyhisfather.

他碰巧被他父亲看见了。

AsIwasabouttogooutandsearchforhim,hehappenedtocomein.正当我打算出去找他时，他恰巧进来。

Thestreetlightsgoonatdusk.街上的路段在傍晚时分亮起来。

21.ItwasthefirsttimeinayearandahalfthatIhadseenthenightfacetoface.这是我一年半以来第一次目睹夜晚。

Itisthefirst(second…etc)that…(从句谓语动词用现在完成时)

Itwasthefirst(second…etc)that…(从句谓语动词用过去完成时)

thefirsttime可作从属连词用，引导时间状语从句。ThefirsttimeIsawher,myheartstopped.

ItwasthefirsttimethatItalkedwithaforeignerfacetoface.

Ithinkweneedaface-to-facetalksoastoclearthemisunderstanding.

Ihaveoftenheardofher.Actually,I'venevermetherfacetoface.

22.inone’spower处于……的控制之中

Ihavegothiminmypower.IcanaskhimtodoanythingIwant.我控制了他，我可以让他为我做任何事。

23.It’snopleasurelookingthroughtheseanylongerbecausenatureisonethingthatreallymustbeexperienced.观看这些已不再是乐趣，因为大自然是你必须亲身体验的。

It’snogood/usedoingsth.做某事时没用的。

24.Shefounditdifficulttosettleandcalmdowninthehidingplace.

25.sufferfrom患…病;受…苦痛;遭受

Mostoftheimportantcitiesoftheworldsufferfromtrafficjam.世界上大多数大城市都交通堵塞为患。

26.Itwassuchfuntowatchitrunlooseinthepark.

27.I’vegottiredoflookingnaturethroughdirtycurtainsanddustywindows.

28.Ineedtopackupmythingsinthesuitcaseveryquickly.

29.Mumaskedherifshewasveryhotwithsomanyclotheson.

with+名词/代词(宾格)+分词/形容词/介词短语/不定式/副词在句中常作伴随状语。动词形式的选择取决于宾语同动词之间的逻辑关系。

Themurdererwasbroughtin,withhishandstiedbehindhisback.

30.havesometroublewithsborsth.在……上遇到了麻烦

Ihavesometroublewithmystudies.

31.getalong…withsb/sth.与某人相处怎样/某事进展如何？

Ifyouhavesometrouble(in)gettingalongwithyourfriends,youcanwritetotheeditorandaskforadvice.如果你在和朋友的相处上有问题，你可以写信给编辑向他征求建议。

32.Thishasmademeangry.

…hemadeherdiaryherbestfriend…

make后接复合宾语，宾语补足语须用不带to的不定式、形容词、过去分词、名词等。常见的有以下几种形式:

makesb.dosth.让(使)某人做某事。Hewasmadetorepeatit.(注意在被动句中，不定式前要加to)

makesb./sth.+adj.使某人/物…Weshoulddoourbesttomakeourcountrystrongerandmorebeautiful.

makesb./oneself+v-ed让某人/自己被…Whenyouspeak,youshouldmakeyourselfunderstood.

(4)makesb.+n.使某人成为…

makeitn./adj.+(forsb.)todosth.Wemadehimleaderofourteam.(注意表示职位的名词前不加冠词)

Hemadeiteasyforustounderstandthetext.

33.I’mnotgoodatcommunicatingwithpeople.

34.AlthoughItriedtotalktomyclassmates,Istillfoundithardtomakefriendswiththem.

35.Idowanttochangethissituation,butIdon’tknowhow.

36.Mr.Joneslivesaloneandoftenfeelslonely.琼斯先生单独一人生活，常常感到孤独。

37.Iwouldbegratefulifyoucouldgivemesomeadvice.??如果您给我提些建议，我会非常感谢的。??（Iwouldbegratefulif…??委婉客气提出请求）

38.joinindiscussionsandshowinterestinotherpeople’sideas

39.It’sagoodhabitforyoutokeepadiary.??记日记对你来说是个好习惯。

40.Whynothaveatry?

41.Truefriendsarelikewine;theolder,thebetter.

42.Peoplearetoldthattheiractionsshouldbeasgentleasthewindthatblowsfromthesea.

43.Afriendinneedisafriendindeed写作练习关于提建议的信的作文，模板如下:Dear______,

①Youhaveaskedmeformyadvicewithregardto______,andIwilltrytomakesomeconductivesuggestionshere.

②Inmyhumbleopinion,youwouldbewisetotakethefollowingactions:______（建议的内容）.

③Ihopeyouwillfindtheseproposalsuseful,andIwouldbereadytodiscussthismatterwithyoutofurtherdetails.

Yourssincerely,

LiMing单元测试一.单项选择，从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选择最佳答案完成句子1.Yesterdayishistory,

tomorrowisamystery,

buttodayisagift.Thatiswhyitiscalled

present.A.an;/ B.a;the C.a;/ D.an;the2.Theengineofthecarwasoutoforderandtheheavyrainthehelplessnessofthecouple.A.addedto B.resultedfrom C.turnedout D.madeup3.HearingthenewsaboutthecrashofAirFranceFlight447,hebecameveryconcerned

hisdaughteronboard.A.in B.with C.about D.at4.InawayIcanseewhatyoumean,eventhoughIdon’tyourpointofview.A.permit B.recognize C.agree D.share5.Thecontinuousraintheharvestingofthewheatbythreeweeks.A.setback B.setoff C.setout D.setaside6.Whenheborrowedthecarlasttime,hebrokeitandIhadtopaytogetit.A.repair B.repairing C.torepair D.repaired7.Thiskindofflowerneedsspecialcareitcanlivethroughwinter.A.because B.sothat C.evenif D.as8.Lindahadtocallataxibecausetheboxwastocarryallthewayhome.A.muchtooheavy B.toomuchheavyC.heavytoomuch D.tooheavymuch9.—Ihimtogiveupplayingvideogames.—Didheagreeto?—Noresult.A.advised B.persuaded C.suggested D.heard10.—MrGreenisbrightandhardworking.—It’sno______hehassucceededindoinghisresearch.A.wonder B.question C.problem D.doubt11.Simonthoughthisi-Phonewasbroken_____hislittlesisterpointedoutthathehadforgottentoturniton.A.because B.unless C.after D.until12.SeeingtheirteambeatNetherlands1∶0duringextra-timein2010WorldCupFinal,thewholeSpainwasunabletokeep_______.A.quiet B.silent C.calm D.still13.Tomsaidhewould________befriendswithJack.A.nomore B.nolonger C.anylonger D.anymore14.Canyoutellme______therailwaystation?A.howIcangetto B.howcanIgettoC.whereIcangetto D.wherecanIgetto15.—Didshebreakthevase______?—No.Quitebyaccident.A.onpurpose B.withpurposeC.forpurpose D.atpurpose二.将直接引语转化为间接引语1.Susansaidtohersister,“Iwillturnonthelightforyou.”Susantoldhersister.2.Hesaidtome,“Iamgoingtohavemyhaircuttoday.”Hetoldme.3.Herhusbandaskedher,“Doesthedressfit?”Herhusbandaskedher.4.MrLiusaidtothestudents,“Theearthgoesaroundthesun.”MrLiutoldthestudents.5.Sheasked,“Whatdidyoudoyesterday?”Sheasked.三.根据汉语提示及重点词语将下列句子译成英语1.我发现要学好英语真的不容易。(find)2.这钻戒比我料想的要昂贵的多。(far)3.这儿他很熟，所以毫不费力就找到了她的住址。(trouble)4.这是奥巴马总统第一次在上海复旦大学进行演讲。(time)5.事实是，进步越大，你越有信心。(more…more)四.完形填空“Sheisa.”Myheartachedwhenmybestfriendsaidthat.Howcouldshe?Mybestfriend,Cathy.Irandownthehall,notwantingtolook2.Iwantedtoforgeteverything.“Whatareyoutalkingabout?Ifitwasaboutyesterday,Iwasjustjoking!”shereplied.Ibelievedwhatshehadsaid.Afewdaysafterthat,Ifellill.I4onthebed,staringatthephone.Ring!Yes!Shefinallycalled!“Hello?Cathy?”Ishoutedintothephone.Asoftvoicecalledout.“Ermm…No.It’sme,Cindy.”Greatdisappointment5me.Wetalkedafewminutesandshehungup.Thenextday,Iwas6again.IwentroundthewholeschoollookingforCathy.“Canyoubelieveit?ShethoughtthatIwouldreallybeherfriend.”Cathy’svoiceroselouderwitheachword.Iwas7thatshewouldburstoutlaughing,sayingshewasjoking.Shedid.Butshewasnot8.Shewaslaughingatmeforbeingafool.“AmIreallyafailure?”Ifelt9.“Areyouokay?”Thatfamiliarsoftvoicewas10.Ilookedup.Cindy’seyesonlyshowedconcern.Inoddedmyheadandwavedmyhand,11hertoleave.Amonthpassedby.Ismiledandwalkedthroughthecrowd12adeskthatIpassedbyoften.“Readytogoshopping?”Iasked.“Sure!”The13wasnotCathy’sbutCindy’s.Together,wewalkeddownthehallwayandoutofthedoor.Ihavewokenupfromadream.Choosefriendsfor14theyare.Friendshipafterallisthe15thatbringswarmthtotheheart.1.A.friend B.success C.failure D.talent2.A.back B.forward C.up D.down3.A.only B.simply C.shameful D.mindful4.A.lied B.lay C.lain D.laid5.A.randown B.ranout C.ranthrough D.ranover6.A.ill B.sick C.well D.health7.A.worried B.eager C.long D.anxious8.A.laughing B.joking C.saying D.stopping9.A.worthy B.worthwhile C.worth D.worthless10.A.upsetting B.surprising C.comforting D.discouraging11.A.calling B.called C.telling D.told12.A.across B.towards C.at D.from13.A.girl B.desk C.voice D.sound14.A.who B.that C.which D.what15.A.bridge B.garden C.rainbow D.wine五.阅读理解，根据短文内容选择最佳答案AnAfricanproverbsaysthatasinglehandcannottieabundle.Everyoneneedscompanionstohelpthemsailthroughtheroughseasoflife.Eventhestrongestandrichestpersonstillneedsfriends.Ourmoneyandstrengthwouldhavenovalueifwehadnofriendstosharewithus.Thebestfriendshipisagive-and-takerelationship.Weneedthesupportofourfamily,friendsandthecommunity.Inturnwealsogivesupporttothesociety,ourfriendsandourfamily.Theword“friend”hasmanymeanings.Itcouldbethebusdriverwhotakesyoutoandfromworkeveryday.Itcouldbeaparent,acolleague,awifeorhusband,abrotherorsister,oreventheunknownpersonwhohelpedyoujustoncewhenyoucouldnotfindyourway.Realfriendssharenotonlyourhappinessbutoursorrowsaswell.Thismayexplainwhywehavetheexpression“afriendinneedisafriendindeed”.Friendshipislikethesunshinethatkeepsuswarm.Itisliketherefreshingraindropsonthefieldsthatgivethefarmershopeofagoodplantingseason.Withoutfriendsourlifewouldbelikeadesertwhereouronlyfriendwouldbelonelinessandsadness.Themostfortunatepersonistheonewhohasfriendsfromalllevelsinthesociety.Adrivermightfindfriendsnotonlyamonghiscolleaguesbutamongfarmers,bankers,traders,students,politiciansorteachers.Weshouldneverforgetouroldfriendswhenwemakenewones.Weshouldtreasureeachofourfriendswhetherpoororrich,beautifulornot.Eachfriendisuniqueinhisorherownway.Andalltogether,theyenrichlifeandmakeitverycolourful.1.Whatisthemaintopicofthepassage?A.Howtosailthroughtheseaoflife.B.Friendsandfriendship.C.Afriendinneedisafriendindeed.D.Neverforgetoldfriendswhenmakingnewones.2.Whatisthecorrectunderstandingoffriendsaccordingtothewriter?A.Friendswhoshareourhappinessarenotrealfriends.B.Friendswilltakeusthroughroughseas.C.Friendsneverexpectanythingfromothers.D.Friendscanbedifferentpeoplearoundus.3.Anunknownpersoncanbeafriendaswellwhen.A.hehelpsyouwithwhatyouneed B.heistoldhowtofindhiswayC.hebecomesoneofyourfamilyD.heisadrivertakingyoufromandtowork4.Theunderlinedword“unique”inthelastparagraphmostprobablymeans“”.A.rich

B.poor

C.special

D.valuable5.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUE?A.Weneedtohelpourfriendsbecauseitisourdutytosupportothers.B.Bestfriendsneedtoshareonlytheirsorrowsanddiscomforts.C.Wemakefriendswithfarmersbecausethey’relikethesunshinetokeepuswarm.D.Weshouldforgettheoldfriendswhenmakingnewones.Unit2Englisharoundtheword1.语法：直接引语和间接引语（二）2.阅读及语言点：theroadtomodernEnglish3.写作：poster4.巩固练习Period2:languagepointsPeriod3:usinglanguagePeriod4:writingPeriod5:quiz语法引语的概念直接引述别人的原话，叫直接引语直接引语通常都用引号括起来用自己的话把别人的话陈述出来，叫间接引语间接引语在多数情况下都构成一个_宾语从句DirectSpeechShesaid,“Ilikesinging.”Shesaid,“Iamwaitingforabus.”IndirectSpeechShesaidshelikedsingingShesaidshewaswaitingforabus.总结：直接引语是陈述句,变为间接引语时用连词that引导宾语从句.从句中的人称,时态,指示代词,时间状语,地点状语等相应变化.（见课本88）补充：DirectSpeechSheasked,“Haveyouseenthefilm?”Heasks,“Areyouadoctor,John?”Sheaskedus,“Whereareyougoingtogetoff?”Heaskedthem,“Whogaveyouatalkyesterday?”IndirectSpeechSheaskedmewhether\ifIhadseenthefilm.HeasksJohnif\whetherheisadoctor.Sheaskeduswhereweweregoingtogetoff.Heaskedthemwhohadgiventhematalkthedaybefore.总结直接引语是一般疑问句,变为间接引语时,用连词if或whether连接。直接引语是特殊疑问句,变为间接引语时,仍用原来的疑问词作连词来引导。解题步骤:1.陈述句“Idon’tlikecomputers,”Sarahsaidtoherfriends.第一步SarahsaidtoherfriendsthatIdon’tlikecomputers.（I—she时态said过去式don’t----didn’t）第二步Sarahsaidtoherfriendsthatshedidn’tlikecomputers.2.一般疑问句:Isiteasytoimprovetheconditionofthesoil?(Theyaskedhim)第一步Itiseasytoimprovetheconditionofthesoil.第二步Theyaskedhimifitiseasytoimprovetheconditionofthesoil.第三步Asked过去式is----was第四步Theyaskedhimifitwaseasytoimprovetheconditionofthesoil.3.特殊疑问句：Whendoyouharvestthewheat?(Theyaskedhim)第一步youharvestthewheat第二步TheyaskedhimWhenyouharvestthewheat.第三步（you--he）(harvest--harvested)第四步Theyaskedhimwhenheharvestedthewheat重点语言点1.WhichcountrydoyouthinkhasthemostEnglishlearners?[解释]doyouthink/believe/expect/find/know/suppose作为插入语,放在特殊疑问词后，其它内容紧跟其后并用陈述语序。Whattime

do

you

expectwewill

comeandpickyouup？你希望我们几点来接你？What

do

you

suppose

he

will

doafterhehearsaboutthegoodnews？你认为他听到那个好消息后会做什么呢？Why

do

you

think

theirteamcouldwinthefootballmatch?你认为他们队为什么能赢得那场足球赛呢？2.Today,morepeoplespeakEnglishastheirfirst,secondoraforeignlanguagethaneverbefore.[解释]thaneverbefore常与比较级连用，意为“比以往任何时候更”。如：Thestarswereshiningbrightlyinthedarksky,andthenightwasmorebeautifulthaneverbefore.繁星点缀在夜空里，夜晚比以往更美。[练习]中译英1).简看起来比以前漂亮多了。2).雨下得比以前更大。答案:1).Janelooksmuchprettierthaneverbefore. 2).It'srainingharderthaneverbefore.拓展：(1)引导让步状语从句的引导词还有although,though,nomatterwhen/what...,whenever,wherever,however等等。(2)as也可以引导让步状语从句，但要把其表语、谓语或宾语前置，且前置的单数名词不可以加冠词。①Eventhoughyouachievegreatsuccessinyourwork,youshouldnotbeconceited.即使你们在工作中取得了巨大的成绩，也不应该自满。②Whateveryoudo,doitwell.不管你做什么，把它做好。③Howeverhotitis,hewon'ttakeoffhishat.不管多热，他都不摘下帽子。④Girlassheis,shecangoaloneinthedarkness.尽管她是个女孩，她敢一个人走夜路。[即境活用1](2007·浙江)Manyofthemturnedadeafeartohisadvice,______theyknewittobevaluable.A．asifB．nowthatC．eventhoughD．sothat解析：eventhough＝evenif“即使”，引导让步状语从句。答案：C2．Believeitornot,thereisnosuchthingasstandardEnglish.信不信由你，(世界上)没有什么标准英语。(1)believeitornot信不信由你。常在句中做插入语。(2)nosuchthing没有这样的事情。such与all,no,some,any,few,little,many,much,several,one等词连用时，应位于它们的后面。①Believeitornot,herefusedtoacceptouroffer.信不信由你，他拒绝接受我们的帮助。②Thereisnosuchstreetinthecity.这城市没有那样的街道。③Hesaidhedidn'thavetimeormadesomesuchexcuse.他说他没有时间或别的诸如此类的借口。[即境活用2](2009·安徽)I’mamazedtohearfrommyschoolteacheragain.______，itistenyearssincewemetlast.A．Inaword B．What’smoreC．That’stosay D．Believeitornot解析：句意：想不到又一次收到学校老师的来信，信不信由你，我们上次见面还是在十年前。inaword总之；what’smore而且；that’stosay也就是说；believeitornot信不信由你。答案：D3.with的复合结构[应用3](1)—Comeon,pleasegivemesomeideasabouttheproject.—Sorry.Withsomuchwork______mymind,Ialmostbreakdown.A．filled B．fillingC．tofill D．beingfilled解析：with复合结构中，work和fill是主动关系，且表示正在进行，因此其后要用doing结构。答案：B(2)Johnreceivedaninvitationtodinner,andwithhiswork______，hegladlyacceptedit.A．finished B．finishingC．havingfinished D．wasfinished解析：根据work和finish是被动关系，可以判断出答案。答案：A词汇1.presentn.礼物adj.在场的；目前的vt.赠送[典例]1).Themountainbikeisabirthdaypresentfrommyparents.这辆山地自行车是父母给我的生日礼物。2).IamafraidIcan’thelpyouatpresent.恐怕现在我没法帮助你。3).Inthepresentcase,Iadviseyoutowait.按照目前的情况，我建议你等等。[重点用法]atpresent=atthepresenttime=now目前，现在bepresentat出席；到场(反义：beabsentfrom)presentsb.withsth=presentsth.tosb.把某物送给某人Allthepeople____________________(出席晚会的)werehersupporters.[练习]中译英1).所有（那些）在场者一眼就看出那个错误。2).这本书是哥哥赠送给我的。答案:1).Themistakewasobvioustoall(those)present.2).Tmandn.&v.命令；指令；掌握1).Theofficercommandedhissoldierstofire.那名军官命令士兵们开火。[重点用法]commandsb.todosth命令某人做某事beunderthecommandof由…指挥,由…控制beincommandof控制…beatone’scommand听任某人支配have/takecommandof…指挥…[特别提醒]command后接that从句时要用虚拟语气[练习]用适当的介词填空1).Forthefirsttimeinyears,shefelt______commandofherlife.2).Thearmyis__________theking’sdirectcommand.3).Thepolicearrivedandtookcommand________thesituation.答案:1).in2).under3).of3.requestn.&v.请求；要求[典例]1).Yourrequestswillbegranted.你的请求能够获准。.2).Irequestedhimtohelp.我请求他帮忙。[重点用法]requestsb.todosth.要求某人做某事requestthatsb(should)do要求某人做某事⑴Herequestedme________(write)aletterofrecommendation.⑵HerequestedthatI________________(write)aletterofrecommendation.⑶Thepassengers_____________(request)toshowtheirpassports.[练习]中译英。1).我是（特别）应你要求而来。2).请不要吸烟。答案:1).Icameatyour(special)request. 2).Youare(kindly)requestednottosmoke.扩展===联想：像command一样，其后的名词性从句的谓语用“(should)+动词原形”的常用词有：一个“坚持(insist)”；两个“命令(order，command)”；三个“建议(suggest，advise，propose)”；四个“要求(demand，ask，require，request)”；4.recognizevt.辨认出；承认；公认[典例]1).Irecognizedherbyherredhat.我根据她的红色帽子认出了她。2).Everyonerecognizedhimtobethelawfulheir/asthelawfulheir.大家都承认他为合法继承人。[重点用法]recognize…bysth认出或识别某人/某事物recognize…assth承认某人/某事物是recognize…tobe承认…是recognize+宾语从句意识到；承认⑴Irecognizehim______________________.(他是个聪明人).⑵Thoughtheyhadn’tmetformanyyears，they_________(认出了对方)atthefirstsight.[练习]中译英1).人们都承认他是他们理所当然的领袖。2).我认出他是我朋友的哥哥。答案:1).Heisrecognizedtobetheirnaturalleader.2).Irecognizedhimasmyfriend’sbrother.5.straightadj.笔直的；正直的adv.直接；挺直[典例]1).Thisisastraightroad.这是一条直路。2).Shewentstraightfromschooltouniversity.她中学一毕业就马上进了大学。[练习]中译英1).我的领带系得正不正?2).一直往前看。答案:1).Ismytiestraight?2).Lookstraightahead.6.blockvt.堵塞；阻碍n.街区；木块；石块[典例]1).Helivesthreeblocksawayfromhere.他住的地方与此处相隔三条街.2).Alargecrowdblockedthecorridorsandexits.人群把走廊和出口都堵死了[重点用法]ablockof一大块blockout堵住blockoff封锁；封闭blockup堵塞；阻碍[练习]中译英1).他们在绕楼群散步。2).大雪阻塞了所有通往苏格兰的道路。答案:1).Theyaretakingawalkroundtheblock.2).HeavysnowisblockingallroadsintoScotland.7、actuallyadv.实际上；事实上相近词汇：infact\asamatteroffact8．gradualadj.逐渐的，逐步的→graduallyadv.逐渐地，逐步地9.．nativeadj.本地的，出生地的；天赋的n.本地人；出生于某国的人benativeto...原产于某地one’snativecountry/land本国，祖国nativeplace出生地one’snativelanguage本国语，本族语，母语anativeof当地人/产于……的动/植物[即学即练1](1)Chinaisour____________，andChineseisour____________.中国是我们的祖国，汉语是我们的母语。(2)Thetiger__________________India.这种虎产于印度。(3)Heis__________________Beijing.他是北京人。答案.nativecountry;nativelanguage；isnativeto；anativeof写作练习WhyisitsoimportanttolearnEnglish?

Doyouthinkitwouldbefuntohaveaccesstoinformationthatotherpeoplecan'tget?Talkandwriteletterstointerestingpeoplethatotherscan'tcommunicatewith?Impresspeoplearoundyouwheneveryouopenedyourmouth?Makebigjumpsinyourcareer,leavingothersmilesbehind?

YoucangetalltheseifyouspeakEnglishwell.

Englishlanguageistheinternationallanguagemeaning60%oftheworldspopulationarespeakinginenglish.Thismeansthatwecancommunicatewellifwedoknowhowtospeakthelanguage.Itwillhelpyougainfriendsnotjustlocallybutinternationally.AlsoitwillopensomedoorsforyoutoventureonothercountrieslikeUK.,USA,andthelikestospendeithervacationorforstudyingpurposes.Moreovertheinstructionsgiveninsomeappliances,gadgets,equipments,foodlabelsandetcweremostlywritteninEnglish.Soyouwillgetbetterunderstandingofwhatisgoingon.

Andfinally,Englishisoneofthemostfrequentlyusedlanguagesintheworld.单元小测1.课文单词填空Attheendofthe16thcentury,EnglishwasonlyspokenbypeoplefromEngland.Theywerenativespeakers.Today,thelargestnumberofpeople1(speak)EnglishmaybeinChina.AlotofChinesepeoplespeakEnglish2theirforeignlanguage. 3Englishlanguagehaschangedquitealotoverthelastfourcenturies.OldEnglishsoundmore4lesslikeGermanforitwas5onGerman,butmodernEnglishsoundsmorelikeFrenchthanGerman6EnglandwasonceruledbytheFrench. TwopeoplehadgreateffectsontheEnglishchanges.OnewasShakespeare,who7(large)theEnglish8(词汇);theotherwasNoahWebster,9wroteadictionary10gaveAmericanEnglishitsown