国家开放大学2022春（202207）《1354高级英语阅读（2）》期末考试真题及答案-开放本科

试卷代号:1354国家开放大学2022年春季学期期末统一考试高级英语阅读(2)试题答案及评分标准(供参考)2J22年7月SectionINewWordsI.Matcheachvocabularywordontheleftwiththecorrectdefinitionontheright.(30points,3pointseach)F2.G3.H4.A5.B6.D7.E8.C9.J10.IFillintheblankswithwordsfrontheboxbelow.(30points,3pointseach)communicationcapacityacquireresearchfocusingstructuresproducejournal19.identicalpercentSectionIIReadingConprehensionForeachquestion,choosethebestanswerbasedonthereadingpassage.(25points,5pointseach)D22.B23.A24.A25.CDecidewhetherthefollowingstatementsaretrueorfalse.Write"T"forTrueand“F"forFalseontheAnswerSheet.(15points,3pointseach)26.F27.T28.T29.T30.F试卷代号：试卷代号：1354国家开放大学2022年春季学期期末统一考试高级英语阅读(2)试题2022年7月注意事项一、 将你的学号、姓名及分校(工作站)名称填写在答题纸的规定栏内。考试结束后，把试卷和答题纸放在桌子上。试卷和答题纸均不得带出考场。监考人收完考卷和答题纸后才可离开考场。二、 仔细读懂题目的说明，并按题目要求和答题示例答题。答案一定要写在答题纸的指定位置上，写在试卷上的答案无效。三、 用蓝、黑圆珠笔或钢笔答题，使用铅笔答题无效。Informationfortheexaminees:Thisexaminationconsistsoftwosections.Theyare:SectionI:NewWords(60points,40minutes)SectionII:ReadingComprehension(40points,50minutes)Thetotalmarksforthisexaminationare100points.Timeallowedforcompletingthisexaminationis90minutes.SectionINewWordsI,Matcheachvocabularywordontheleftwiththecorrectdefinitionontheright.(30points,3pointseach)A.unusual1. determine2. affordB.disadvantage3. reflectC.side,part,orcharacteristic4. nontraditionalD.factintheformofanumber5. drawbackE.control6. statisticF.decideon7. disciplineG.haveenoughmoneyfbr8. aspectH.show9. involvesI.fees(moneys)fbrschool10._ tuitionJ.includesU,Fillintheblankswithwordsfromtheboxbelow.(30points,3pointseach)AcquirefocusingresearchcapacityidenticalstructuresCommunicationjournalpercentproduceButisthislanguage?Whatdistinguishes11fromtruelanguage?Dochimpsactuallyhavethe12forlanguage?Thereismuchdisagreementaboutthis.Somepeoplearguethatchimpscan13onlythevocabularyofa21/2-year-oldhumanTheyalsopointoutthatasentencesuchas"Lanatomorrowscaresnakerivermonster"isnotexactlyShakespeareanEnglish.Itgoeswithoutsayingthatthereisagapbetweenthelanguageabilityofchimpsandhumans.Buiclearly,thisgapisnotaswideasweusedtothinkitwas.Recent14isnow15Onthe16andactivityofthebrain.Biologistshavelookedatonesmallareaofthebrain,theplanumtemporale,whichhumansusetounderstandand17languageInchimps,thisislargerontheleftsideofthebrainthanontheright.Inthe18Science,researcherstellusthatthisis"essentially~9"totheplanumtemporaleinhumans.Thisisnotsurprisingtopeoplewhobelievethatchimpsdohavethecapacityfbrlanguage.Afterall,theysay,9920Ofthegeneticmaterialinchimpsandhumansisidentical,makingchimpsourclosestrelative.SectionnReadingComprehensionII・ReadthepassageThenanswerthequestionsthatfollow.(25points,5pointseach)DisabilitiesDownsyndrome(DS)isageneticdisordercausedbyanextrachromosome.Humansnormallyhave23pairsofchromosomes,or46;however,peoplewithDShave47.Theseinfantstypicallyhaveawideface,shortneck,slantedeyes,andarementallyretarded,thatis,withlowintelligence.Theyarelikelytohavekidneyorheartproblems,andadultsrarelylivebeyond50years,buttheyaregenerallyhappypeoplewithoptimisticpersonalities.ItispossibleforawomanofanyagetohaveababywithDS,butitoccursmoreofteninolderwomen.Forallwomen-therateisonebabywithDSoutof800born,butthisincreasestooneoulof80fbrwomenover35.Sodoctorssuggestthatwomeninthisagegroupgettestedfbrtheconditioniftheybecomepregnant.BesidesDS,thereareseveralotherdisabilitiesthatarecausedby"mistakes"inourgenes.Yearsago,childrenwithdisabilitiescouldn'tattendpublicschoolsorgetjobs.Theyusuallywenttoinstitutionswheretheywerekeptfbrtherestoftheirlives.However,attitudeshavechangedinrecentdecades,thankstoparentswithdisabledchildren.In1975,alawcalledIndividualswithDisabilitiesEducationAct(IDEA)waspassedintheUnitedStates.Thislawstatedthatallchildrenwithphysicalandmentaldisabilitieshadtherighttoaneducation,soschoolswererequiredtoofferclassestomeetlheirneeds.Collegesbeganofferingcoursesin"specialeducation"totrainteachersinnewmethods.Thischangeinattitudemadeitpossiblefbrchildrenwithdisabilitiestogetaneducation.Parentsformedsupportgroups,helpingeachotherfindgoodschools,recreationactivities,andsportscentersfortheirchildren.Nolongerwerethesechildrenkeptathomeorininstitutions.Theycouldgotoschoolwithnormalchildrenandlearn-andlaterbetrainedtodosimpleworkandearnmoney.Theycouldthenliveingrouphomesandsupportthemselveslikeotherpeople.In1968,theSpecialOlympics,acompetitionforchildrenandadultswithdisabilities,wereheldforthefirsttimeinChicago,Illinois,with1,000participants.Todaytheyareheldeveryotheryear,with2.25millionathletesparticipatingin150countriesaroundtheworld.Peoplewithdisabilitiesarenolongerignoredorinstitutionalized;theyarepartofalivelycommunityofspecialpeoplewhoarenowabletocontributetosociety.Foreachquestion,choosethebestanswerbasedonthereadingpassage.WriteA,B,CorDonyourAnswerSheetPeoplewithDownsyndrome .haveawideface B.haveslantedeyesC.arementallyretarded D.alloftheaboveMorebabieswithDSarebornto .womenofanyage B.womenover35C.womenover80 D.over800womenIDEA,thelawpassedin1975,statedthat .allchildrenwithdisabilitieshadarighttoaneducationsomeschoolswererequiredtoofferspecialclassescollegeshadtoteachspecialeducationteachershadtolearnnewmethodsBecauseofspecialeducation,childrengrewupand .couldsupportthemselves.hadtobekeptathome.hadtobekeptininstitutions.hadtolearnasmuchasnormalchildremTheSpecialOlympics .isalwaysheldinChicagohas1,()(X)participantshasmillionsofparticipantswasheldoncein1968II.ReadthepassageThenanswerthequestionsthatfollow.(15points,3pointseach)AsthmaRespiratoryillnessessuchasasthmahaveincreasedgreatlyinthepastfewdecades.Itisestimatedthat5%ofthepopulationintheUnitedSlateshasasthma,whichisachronicdisease,thatis,itaffectsapersonoveralongperiodoftime.Itmaybeginbeforeachildis1()yearsold,oritmaybegininadulthood.Childhoodasthmausuallydisappearsaroundtheageof20,butadultswhogetitlatermayhaveitalltheirlives.Peoplewhosufferfromasthmahavedifficultybreathingbecausetheairwaysintheirlungscontractwhenatriggercausesareaction.Amongthetriggersofasthmaareindoorandoutdoorpollutants,accordingtodoctors.Sincepollutionhasbecomemorecommon.Thenumberofpeopleaffectedbythisdisorderhasrisen.Indoorpollutantsincludecigarettesmoke,dirt,insects,andevenpetslikedogsorcats.Outdoorpollutantsincludechemicals,dust,andsmog,thatis,smokefromfactoriesortransportvehicleslikebusesandtrucks.Peoplewithasthmausuallycarryaninhalerincaseofanattack.Thisinhalercontainsmedicinethattheybreathein,makingthecontractedairwaysinthelungsexpandsothattheycanbreathenormallyagain.Forafewpeoplewithsevereasthma,medicinecanalsobegivenbyinjection-inotherwords,itcanbeappliedundertheskinwithaneedleeveryfewweekstopreventattacks.Whileitisnotpossibletocurethiscondition,peoplewhosufferfromitareadvisedtoavoidpollutants.Parentswithasthmaticchildrenaretoldnottosmokeinthehouseandnottokeeplong-hairedpets.Theyneedlocleanthehousefrequentl