新视野大学英语第2单元-第4单元课文解释课件

Unit2CharlieChaplin

Summer楊arlPara1HewasborninapoorareaofsouthLondon.Heworehismother'soldredstockingscutdownforanklesocks.Hismotherwastemporarilydeclaredmad.DickensmighthavecreatedCharlieChaplin'schildhood.ButonlyCharleChaplincouldhavecreatedthegreatcomiccharacterof"theTramp",thelittlemaninragswhogavehiscreatorpermanentfame.arlHewasborninapoorareaofsouthLondon.他出生在伦敦南部的一个贫困地区。Heworehismother'soldredstockingscutdownforanklesocks.他穿的短袜是从妈妈的红色长袜上剪下来的。cut过去分词做后置定语修饰StockingsHismotherwastemporarilydeclaredmad.他的妈妈一度被诊断为精神失常。arlPara2Othercountries—France,Italy,Spain,evenJapanandKorea—haveprovidedmoreapplause(andprofit)whereChaplinisconcernedthanthelandofhisbirth.ChaplinquitBritainforgoodin1913whenhejourneyedtoAmericawithagroupofperformerstodohiscomedyactonthestagewheretalentscoutsrecruitedhimtoworkforMackSennett,thekingofHollywoodcomedyfilms.arlOthercountries—France,Italy,Spain,evenJapanandKorea—haveprovidedmoreapplause(andprofit)whereChaplinisconcernedthanthelandofhisbirth.就卓别林而言，其他国家，如法国、意大利、西班牙，甚至日本，都比他的出生地给予了他更多的掌声（和更多的收益）。arlChaplinquitBritainforgoodin1913whenhejourneyedtoAmericawithagroupofperformerstodohiscomedyactonthestagewheretalentscoutsrecruitedhimtoworkforMackSennett,thekingofHollywoodcomedyfilms.在1913年，卓别林永久地离开了英国，与一些演员一起启程到美国进行舞台喜剧表演。在那里，他被星探招募到好莱坞喜剧片之王麦克•塞纳特的旗下工作。forgood=forever永久性的When引导定语从句修饰1913而where引导定语从句修饰American.ThekingofHollywoodcomedyfilms是MackSennett的同位语arlPara3Sadtosay,manyEnglishpeopleinthe1920'sand1930'sthoughtChaplin'sTrampabit,well,"crude".Certainlymiddle-classaudiencesdid;theworking-classaudiencesweremorelikelytoclapforacharacterwhorevoltedagainstauthority,usinghiswickedlittlecanetotripitup,oraimingtheheelofhisbootforawell-placedkickatitsbroadrear.Allthesame,Chaplin'scomicbeggardidn'tseemallthatEnglishorevenworkingclass.Englishtrampsdidn'tsporttinymoustaches,hugepantsortailcoats:EuropeanleadersandItalianwaitersworethingslikethat.Thenagain,theTramp'squickeyeforaprettygirlhadacoarsewayaboutitthatwasconsidered,well,notquitenicebyEnglishaudiences—that'showforeignersbehaved,wasn'tit?Butforoverhalfofhisscreencareer,ChaplinhadnoscreenvoicetoconfirmhisBritishnationality.arl这句话是不同阶层的人对“流浪者”这个人物形象的不同看法。分号前的分句相当于certainlymiddle–classaudiencesthoughtChaplin’sTrampabitcrude.分号后面的句子结构比较复杂，whorevoltedagainstauthority…是定语从句修饰character。Usinghiswickedlittlecane…和aimingtheheelofhisboot…是两个并列的分词短语，作状语。Trip…up绊倒，挑剔。Broadrear大屁股arlEnglishtrampsdidn'tsporttinymoustaches,hugepantsortailcoats:EuropeanleadersandItalianwaitersworethingslikethat.Sportwearsomethingofteninawaytohavepeoplenoticeit

ThefrontofthecarsportedaGermanflag.Tinyadj微小的；极小的。Moustaches小胡子；胡须

英国流浪者并不留小胡子，也不穿肥大的裤子或燕尾服：欧洲的领导人和意大利的侍者才那样穿戴。arlButforoverhalfofhisscreencareer,ChaplinhadnoscreenvoicetoconfirmhisBritishnationality.而在卓别林大半的银幕生涯中，银幕上的他是不出声的，也就无从证明他是英国人。arlPara4Indeed,itwasaheadacheforChaplinwhenhecouldnolongerresistthetalkingmoviesandhadtofind"therightvoice"forhisTramp.Hepostponedthatdayaslongaspossible:inModernTimesin1936,thefirstfilminwhichhewasheardasasingingwaiter,hemadeupanonsenselanguagewhichsoundedlikenoknownnationality.HelatersaidheimaginedtheTramptobeacollege-educatedgentlemanwho'dcomedownintheworld.Butifhe'dbeenabletospeakwithaneducatedaccentinthoseearlyshortcomedymovies,it'sdoubtfulifhewouldhaveachievedworldfame.AndtheEnglishwouldhavebeensuretofindit"odd".NoonewascertainwhetherChaplindiditonpurposebutthishelpedtobringabouthishugesuccess.arlIndeed,itwasaheadacheforChaplinwhenhecouldnolongerresistthetalkingmoviesandhadtofind"therightvoice"forhisTramp.事实上，当卓别林再也无法抵制有声电影，不得不为他的“流浪汉”寻找“合适的声音”时，他确实很头疼。arlHepostponedthatdayaslongaspossible:inModernTimesin1936,thefirstfilminwhichhewasheardasasingingwaiter,hemadeupanonsenselanguagewhichsoundedlikenoknownnationality.Postpone：推迟，延迟。Nonsense：无意义的话或文字；荒谬的。Makeup:编造，虚构，捏造。Makeupanexcuse编造借口他尽可能地推迟那一天的到来：在1936的《摩登时代》里，他第一次在影片里发声唱歌。在片中，他扮演一名侍者，满口胡言乱语，听起来不像任何国家的语言。arlHelatersaidheimaginedtheTramptobeacollege-educatedgentlemanwho'edownintheworld：落魄；潦倒；失势Sincehelosthisjob,hehasreallycomedownintheworld.自从他失业以后，他的确过着穷困潦倒的生活。后来他说，他想象中的“流浪汉”是一位受过大学教育，但已经没落的绅士。arlAndtheEnglishwouldhavebeensuretofindit"odd".Odd:古怪的而英国人也肯定会觉得这很“古怪”。NoonewascertainwhetherChaplindiditonpurposebutthishelpedtobringabouthishugesuccess.Onpurpose:故意地；蓄意的。Icamehereonpurposetoseeyou.我特地来这里看你。没有人知道卓别林这么干是不是有意的，但这促使他获得了巨大的成功。arlPara5Hewasanimmenselytalentedman,determinedtoadegreeunusualevenintheranksofHollywoodstars.Hishugefamegavehimthefreedom—and,moreimportantly,themoney—tobehisownmaster.Healreadyhadtheurgetoexploreandextendatalenthediscoveredinhimselfashewentalong."Itcan'tbeme.Isthatpossible?Howextraordinary,"ishowhegreetedthefirstsightofhimselfastheTramponthescreen.arlHishugefamegavehimthefreedom—and,moreimportantly,themoney—tobehisownmaster.Master：主人；大师；教师v精通，掌握。他的巨大名声为他带来了自由，更重要的是带来了财富，他因此得以成为自己的主人。arlHealreadyhadtheurgetoexploreandextendatalenthediscoveredinhimselfashewentalong.Havethe/anurgetodosth=haveastrongdesiretodosomethingHehadapowerfulurgetocompeteandsucceed.他有强烈的竞争并获得成功的欲望。Goalong=advance;movefurtherwithsomething进行；支持；前进；赞同随着事业的发展，他就感到一股冲动要去发掘并扩展自己身上所显露的天才。arlHowextraordinary,"ishowhegreetedthefirstsightofhimselfastheTramponthescreen.Extraordinary：非凡的；特别的；离奇的；临时的当他第一次在银幕上看到自己扮演的“流浪汉”时，他说：“这不可能是我。那可能吗？arlButthatshockrousedhisimagination.而这种震惊唤起了他的想象。Chaplindidn'thavehisjokeswrittenintoascriptinadvance卓别林并没有把他的笑料事先写成文字。hewasthekindofcomicwhousedhisphysicalsensestoinventhisartashewentalong.他是那种边表演边根据感觉去创造艺术的喜剧演员。arlLifelessobjectsespeciallyhelpedChaplinmake"contact"withhimselfasanartist.Heturnedthemintootherkindsofobjects.没有生命的物体特别有助于卓别林发挥自己艺术家的天赋。他将这些物体想象成其他东西。Thus,abrokenalarmclockinthemovieThePawnbrokerbecamea"sick"patientundergoingsurgery;bootswereboiledinhisfilmTheGoldRushandtheirsoleseatenwithsaltandpepperlikeprimecutsoffish(thenailsbeingremovedlikefishbones).因此，在《当铺老板》中，一个坏闹钟变成了正在接受手术的“病人”；在《淘金记》中，靴子被放在锅里煮，靴底被蘸着盐和胡椒吃掉，就像上好的鱼片一样（鞋钉就像鱼骨那样被剔除）。arlThisphysicaltransformation,plustheskillwithwhichheexecuteditagainandagain,aresurelythesecretsofChaplin'sgreatcomedy.这种对事物的转化，以及他一次又一次做出这种转化的技巧，正是卓别林伟大喜剧的奥秘所在。Transformation:转化；转换；改变；变形。Physical：物理的；身体的；物质的。Execute:实行；执行；处死句子的主语部分是由plus连接的两个名词短语thisphysicaltransformation和theskill,其中theskill后面又带有定语从句whichheexecuteditagainandagain.从句中it指thisphysicaltransformation。arlPara7Healsohadadeepneedtobeloved—andacorrespondingfearofbeingbetrayed.Thetwowerehardtocombineandsometimes—asinhisearlymarriages—thecollisionbetweenthemresultedindisaster.Yeteventhispainfully-boughtself-knowledgefounditswayintohiscomiccreations.TheTrampneverloseshisfaithintheflowergirlwho'llbewaitingtowalkintothesunsetwithhim;whiletheothersideofChaplinmakesMonsieurVerdoux,theFrenchwifekiller,intoasymbolofhatredforwomen.arlHealsohadadeepneedtobeloved—andacorrespondingfearofbeingbetrayed.Corresponding:相应的；相当的；一致的；对应的Betray：背叛；出卖；泄露（秘密）；露出…迹象他也深切地渴望被爱，同时也害怕遭到背叛。arlThetwowerehardtocombineandsometimes—asinhisearlymarriages—thecollisionbetweenthemresultedindisaster.这两者很难结合在一起，有时这种冲突导致了灾难，就像他早期的几次婚姻那样。Collision：碰撞；冲突；抵触。Disaster：灾难；灾祸；不幸。arlYeteventhispainfully-boughtself-knowledgefounditswayintohiscomiccreations.Findone’sway后面常跟介词to(into)或副词，作“进入”；“到达”解Riversfindtheirwaytothesea.条条江河流入大海。然而即使是这种以沉重代价换来的自知之明也在他的喜剧创作中得到了表现。painfully-bought:沉痛的代价Creation：创作；创造；产物

arlTheTrampneverloseshisfaithintheflowergirlwho'llbewaitingtowalkintothesunsetwithhimLoseone’sfaith:失去信心“流浪汉”始终没有失去对卖花女的信心，相信她正等待着与自己共同走进夕阳之中；arlwhiletheothersideofChaplinmakesMonsieurVerdoux,theFrenchwifekiller,intoasymbolofhatredforwomen.Theotherside：另一面

Hatred：n憎恨，怨恨，敌意。

而卓别林的另一面使他的凡尔杜先生，一个杀了妻子的法国人，成为了仇恨女人的象征。arlPara8It'sarelieftoknowthatlifeeventuallygaveCharlieChaplinthestablehappinessithadearlierdeniedhim.InOonaO'NeillChaplin,hefoundapartnerwhosestabilityandaffectionspannedthe37yearsagedifferencebetweenthemthathadseemedsothreateningthatwhentheofficialwhowasmarryingthemin1942,turnedtothebeautifulgirlof17who'dgivennoticeoftheirweddingdateandsaid,"Andwhereistheyoungman?"—Chaplin,then54,hadcautiouslywaitedoutside.AsOonaherselfwasthechildofalargefamilywithitsownproblems,shewaswell-preparedforthebattlethatChaplin'slifebecameasunfoundedrumorsofMarxistsympathiessurroundedthemboth—and,lateron,shewasthecenterofrestinthequarrelsthatChaplinsometimessparkedintheirownlargefamilyoftalentedchildren.arlIt'sarelieftoknowthatlifeeventuallygaveCharlieChaplinthestablehappinessithadearlierdeniedhim.Relief:救济；减轻，解除；安慰Deny:否定，否认；拒绝给予；拒绝…的要求两个代词it含义不同：It’sarelief……句中的it是形式主语，真正的主语是不定式短语toknow。Ithadearlierdeniedhim是定语从句，修饰happiness。令人宽慰的是，生活最终把卓别林先前没能获得的稳定和幸福给了他。arlInOonaO'NeillChaplin,hefoundapartnerwhosestabilityandaffectionspannedthe37yearsagedifferencebetweenthemthathadseemedsothreateningthatwhentheofficialwhowasmarryingthemin1942,turnedtothebeautifulgirlof17who'dgivennoticeoftheirweddingdateandsaid,"Andwhereistheyoungman?"—Chaplin,then54,hadcautiouslywaitedoutside.Affection：喜爱，感情；影响；感染Span：跨越；持续；以手指测量arlInOonaO'NeillChaplin,hefoundapartnerwhosestabilityandaffectionspannedthe37yearsagedifferencebetweenthemthathadseemedsothreateningthatwhentheofficialwhowasmarryingthemin1942,turnedtothebeautifulgirlof17who'dgivennoticeoftheirweddingdateandsaid,"Andwhereistheyoungman?"—Chaplin,then54,hadcautiouslywaitedoutside.这句话很长，我们把它分解成几个相对较短的句子。主句部分是InOonaO’neillChaplinhefoundapartner,后面whose引导的定语从句修饰partner。在whose定语从句中，主要部分是whosestabilityandaffectionspannedthe37yearsagedifferencebetweenthem.thathadseemedsothreateningthat……是定语从句修饰agedifference.从句用了“so+adj+that”(如此。。。以至于)的结构，thatwhentheofficial…turnedtothebeautifulgirl…andsaid…---chaolin,then54,hadcautiouslywaitedoutside是结果状语从句。另外注意，在定语从句中whowasmarryingthem中，marry意为“为。。。主持婚礼，办结婚手续”。arl他找到了沃娜•奥尼尔•卓别林这个伴侣。她的沉稳和深情跨越了他们之间37岁的年龄差距。他们的年龄差别太大，以致当1942年他们要结婚时，新娘公布了他们的结婚日期后，为他们办理手续的官员问这位漂亮的17岁姑娘：“那个年轻人在哪儿？”──当时已经54岁的卓别林小心翼翼在外面等候着。arlAsOonaherselfwasthechildofalargefamilywithitsownproblems,shewaswell-preparedforthebattlethatChaplin'slifebecameasunfoundedrumorsofMarxistsympathiessurroundedthemboth—and,lateron,shewasthecenterofrestinthequarrelsthatChaplinsometimessparkedintheirownlargefamilyoftalentedchildren.Unfounded：没有事实根据的；未建立的；没有理由的；

Rumor：谣言；传闻Sympathy:同情restin：在于；依赖于Spark：发动；鼓舞；求婚第一个as引导原因状语从句；第二个as引导时间状语从句arl由于沃娜本人出生在一个被各种麻烦困扰的大家庭，她对卓别林生活中将面临的挑战也做好了充分准备，因为当时关于他俩有很多毫无根据的流言。后来在他那个有那么多天才孩子的大家庭中，卓别林有时会引发争吵，而她则成了安宁的中心。arlPar