2022年考研考博-考博英语-东北大学考试名师押题精选卷I（带答案详解）试卷号64

住在富人区的她2022年考研考博-考博英语-东北大学考试名师押题精选卷I（带答案详解）（图片可根据实际调整大小）题型12345总分得分一.综合题(共50题)1.翻译题

Inalmosteveryformofmedia,includingtelevision,newspapersandmagazines,agreatdealattentionispaidtothepersonallivesofcelebrities.Itseemsthatthepubliccannotgetenoughofthiskindofnews.However,Ibelievethatthemediahavearesponsibilitytopresentabalancedviewoftheworld,aswellasrespectthelivesofpublicfigures.Therefore,Ibelievethatthemediapaytoomuchattentiontothepersonallivesoffamouspeople.

Forpeoplewhoarefascinatedwiththelivesofpublicfigurestherearesomeformsofmediadevotedexclusivelytothistopic.TheycansatisfytheircuriositybybuyingfanmagazinesandwatchingTVshowsdevotedtoentertainmentnews.Thegeneralmediashouldpresentalltypesofinformationbecausepeoplehavedifferentinterests.Furthermore,thepracticeofdwellingontheprivatelivesofcelebritiescanleadpeopletopaymoreattentiontothesemattersthantheyotherwisewould.Perhapsmostimportantly,themediashouldrespecttheprivacyofeveryindividual,includingpublicfigures.Theymayhavechosentobeinthepubliceye,butthatdoesgivethepublictherighttoknoweverythingaboutthem.Moreover,manystoriesaboutcelebritiesareuntrue;theyareonlygossipreportedto-increasesalesofmagazinesandothermedia.Theyareunfairtothefamousandmisleadthepublic.

Forallofthesereasons,Ibelievethatthemediashouldpaymoreattentiontomattersotherthantheprivatelivesofpublicfigures.Inthisway,theycanappealtoawideraudienceandencouragepeopletodevelopotherinterests.Inmyopinion,themediacurrentlypaytoomuchattentiontotheprivatelivesofpublicfigures.

Directions:TranslatethefollowingpassageintoChinese.

【答案】【参考译文】

几乎每一种媒体，包括电视、报纸和杂志，都把许多焦点放在名人的私生活上。公众似乎对这类新闻一直感兴趣。然而，我认为媒体有责任以公正的观点报道时事，并尊重公众人物的生活。因此，我认为媒体确实过分关注名人的私生活。

因为有些人对公众人物的生活很着迷，所以有些媒体就专门报道这个话题。他们可以通过购买针对歌迷发行的杂志和观看电视节目的娱乐新闻来满足自己的好奇心。一般媒体应该提供所有类型的信息，因为人们的兴趣各不相同。此外，老是纠缠于名人的私生活会让人们比平时更关注这些事情。也许最重要的是，媒体应该尊重每个人的隐私，包括公众人物的隐私。他们可能选择了出现在公众的视线中，但那并不表示大众有权知道他们的一切。此外，许多关于名人的故事都是不真实的；它们只是用来增加杂志和其他媒体销量的八卦报道。那些不实的报道不仅对名人不公平，还会误导公众。

基于所有这些理由，我认为媒体应该多关注公众人物私生活以外的事情。通过这种方式，他们可以吸引更广泛的受众，并鼓励人们培养其他兴趣。在我看来，目前的媒体过于关注公众人物以及他们的私生活。

2.单选题

Afteraslowsalesstartearlyintheyear,mobilehomeshavebeengainingfavorasan（）toincreasinglyexpensiveconventionalhousing.

问题1选项

A.option

B.alternative

C.supplement

D.addition

【答案】B

【解析】考查名词词义辨析。A选项option“选项；选择权；买卖的特权”；B选项alternative“替换物，替代品”；C选项supplement“增补，补充”；D选项addition“添加；加法；增加物”。句意：在销售放缓在这一年早些时候开始出现后，流动房屋作为日益昂贵的传统房屋的一种替代物而一直受到青睐。结合句意，B选项正确。

3.单选题

Ourvacationtothetropicalbeachresortwasvery（）untilthehurricanecame.

问题1选项

A.adverse

B.maximum

C.constrained

D.serene

【答案】D

【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。A选项adverse“不利的；相反的；敌对的”；B选项maximum“最多的；最大极限的”；C选项constrained“拘泥的；被强迫的；不舒服的”；D选项serene“平静的；晴朗的”。句意：在这场暴风来临之前，我们去热带海滩度假胜地的度假是非常平静的。结合此处语义，D选项正确。

4.单选题

Amisconceptionfrequentlyheldbynovicewritersisthatsentencestructuremirrorsthought:themoreconvolutedthestructure,themore（）theideas.

问题1选项

A.complicated

B.inconsequential

C.fanciful

D.blatant

【答案】A

【解析】考查形容词同义辨析。A选项complicated“难懂的，复杂的”；B选项inconsequential“不重要的；不合理的；不合逻辑的”；C选项fanciful“想象的；稀奇的”；D选项blatant“喧嚣的；公然的；炫耀的；俗丽的”。句意：新手作家时常拥有的一个错误想法是句子结构反映想法，即结构越复杂，那么想法也就越复杂。根据句意判断出A选项正确。

5.单选题

Arecentofhomebuyingpatterns（）showsthatmanypeopleunder30inAmericaarestillrenting.

问题1选项

A.status

B.bonus

C.chorus

D.census

【答案】D

【解析】考查名词词义辨析。A选项status“地位；状态”；B选项bonus“奖金；红利；额外津贴”；C选项chorus“合唱队；齐声”；D选项census“人口普查；普查”。句意：针对住宅购买模式的一项最近普查显示，在美国很多30岁以下的人仍然在租房。由句意可知D选项正确。

6.单选题

Aftersomanyweekswithoutrain,thegroundquickly（）thelittlerainthatfellyesterday.

问题1选项

A.absorbed

B.drained

C.digested

D.soaked

【答案】A

【解析】考查动词词义辨析。A选项absorb“吸收；使……全神贯注”；B选项drain“耗尽；使流出”；C选项digest“消化；融会贯通”；D选项soak“使浸泡，使浸渍”。句意：在许多个星期无雨后，地面很快地吸收了昨天下的小雨。结合句意，A选项正确。

7.单选题

Absorbedinherwork,shewastotally（）hersurroundings.

问题1选项

A.liablefor

B.obliviousof

C.competitivewith

D.ingeniousat

【答案】B

【解析】考查词组词义辨析。A选项liablefor“对……有责任”；B选项obliviousof“未觉察”；C选项competitivewith“可与……竞争”；D选项ingeniousat“善于”。句意：她沉迷于自己的工作中，完全没有觉察到周围的事物。结合句意，B选项正确。

8.单选题

TheheadquartersofthisoilcompanyisinLondonwhileits（）companiesarelocatedindifferentpartsoftheworld.

问题1选项

A.subsidiary

B.ultimate

C.inferior

D.precedented

【答案】A

【解析】【试题解析】考查形容词词义辨析。A选项subsidiary“附属的；辅助的”；B选项ultimate“最终的；极限的；根本的”；C选项inferior“差的；自卑的；下等的”；D选项precedented“有先例的”。句意：这家石油公司的总部在伦敦，而它的附属公司却位于世界的不同地方。结合此处语境，A选项正确。

9.单选题

Thegirl’s（）conditionwasduetothefactthatshecouldn’tfindaperfectdressforhomecoming.

问题1选项

A.moot

B.prestigious

C.abject

D.meretricious

【答案】C

【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。A选项moot“无实际意义的；未决议的”；B选项prestigious“有名望的；享有声望的”；C选项abject“卑鄙的；不幸的；可怜的；（境况）凄惨的”；D选项meretricious“俗气的；华丽而庸俗的”。句意：这位女孩可怜的状况是因她不能为校友返校节而找到一件完美的礼服。根据句意可知C选项正确。

10.单选题

Theyworkedforthecomplete（）ofslaveryforsolongthattheycontributedtheiryouthtothisideal.

问题1选项

A.abortion

B.absorption

C.abolition

D.abomination

【答案】C

【解析】考查名词词义辨析。A选项abortion“流产，堕胎，（计划等）失败”；B选项absorption“吸收；全神贯注，专心致志”；C选项abolition“废除；废止”；D选项abomination“厌恶；憎恨；令人厌恶的事物”。句意：他们为彻底废除奴隶制度工作了如此长的时间，以至于将自己的青春奉献给了这个理想。结合句意，C选项正确。

11.单选题

She（）toeveryonethatalthoughherfatherwasinjailshewasanupstandingcitizen.

问题1选项

A.venerated

B.veered

C.denounced

D.avowed

【答案】D

【解析】考查动词词义辨析。A选项venerate“崇敬，尊敬”；B选项veer“使转向；使顺风”；C选项denounce“谴责；告发”；D选项avow“承认；公开宣称；坦率承认”。句意：她向所有人公开宣称，尽管她的父亲坐牢，但是她却是一位正直的市民。根据句意，选项D正确。

12.单选题

Accordingtothenewspapercritic,theperformancesatthetalentcontestlastnight（）fromacceptabletoexcellent.

问题1选项

A.varied

B.receded

C.averaged

D.declined

【答案】A

【解析】考查动词词义辨析。A选项vary“变化；变异”；B选项recede“后退；减弱”；C选项average“平均为”；D选项decline“下降；衰落；谢绝”。句意：这份报纸的评论家称，昨晚才艺大赛上的表演在从可接受的到极好的范围变化着。结合句意，A选项正确。

13.单选题

Davidtendstofeeluselessandunwantedinasocietythatgivessomuch（）tothosewhoareaggressiveandcompetewell.

问题1选项

A.regime

B.prestige

C.superiority

D.legislature

【答案】B

【解析】考查名词词义辨析。A选项regime“政权；政体；社会制度；管理体制”；B选项prestige“威望；声望；声誉”；C选项superiority“优越；优势”；D选项legislature“立法机关；立法机构”。句意：在一个给予那些有进取心且相当有竞争力的人很多声誉的社会里，大卫倾向于认为自己无用且不被该社会所需要。根据句意可知B选项正确。

14.单选题

Hisexpenditureonholidaysandluxuriesisratherhighin（）tohisincome.

问题1选项

A.proportion

B.proposition

C.proposal

D.proponent

【答案】A

【解析】考查固定搭配。inproportionto“与……比较起来”。句意：同他的收入相比较，他在度假和奢侈品上的花费太高了。结合此处语义，A选项正确。

15.单选题

Thenuboftherestorationistcritiqueofpreservationismistheclaimthatitrestsonanunhealthydualismthatconceivesnatureandhumankindasradicallydistinctandopposedtoeachother.Dissatisfactionwithdualismhasforsometimefiguredprominentlyintheunhappinessofenvironmentalistswithmainstreamindustrialsociety,asinthewritingsofCarolynMerchantandTheodoreRoszak.

However,thewritingsoftherestorationiststhemselves—particularly,WilliamJordanandFrederickTurner—offerlittleevidencetosupportthisindictment.Intheirview,preservationistsareimbuedwiththesamebasicmind-setastheindustrialmainstream,theonlydifferencebeingthatthelatterexaltshumansovernaturewhiletheformerelevatesnatureoverhumans.WhileitisperhapspuzzlingthatJordanandTurnerdonotseethatthereisnologicthatrequiresdualismasaphilosophicalunderpinningforpreservation,morepuzzlingisthesharpnessandrelentlessnessoftheirattackonpreservationists,accentuatedbythefactthattheyofferlittle,ifany,criticismofthosewhohaveplunderedthenaturalworld.

Thecrucialquestion,however,abouttherestorationistoutlookhastodowiththedegreetowhichtherestorationprogramisitselffaithfultothefirstprincipleofrestoration:thatnatureandhumanityarefundamentallyunitedratherthanseparate.Rejectingtheolddominationmodel,whichseeshumansasovernature,restorationtheorychampionsamodelofcommunityparticipation.YetsomeofthedescriptionsthatJordanandTurnergiveofwhatrestorationistsareactuallyupto―forexample,Turner’sdescriptionofhumansas“thelordsofcreation,”orJordan’sstatementthat“thefateandwell-beingofthebiospheredependultimatelyonusandourrelationshipwithit”—donotcoherewellwiththecommunityparticipationmodel.

Anotherholisticmodel—namely,thatofnatureasanorganism—mightbemoreserviceabletotherestorationists.Aswiththecommunitymodel,the“organic”modelpicturesnatureasasystemofinterconnectedparts.Afundamentaldifference,however,isthatinanorganismthepartsarewhollysubservienttothelifeoftheorganism.Ifwecouldthinkofthebiosphereasasinglelivingorganismandcouldidentifyhumanswiththebrain(ortheDNA),orcontrolcenter,wewouldhaveamodelthatmorecloselyfitstherestorationists’view.

However,toconsiderhumansasthecontrolcenterofthelivingearthistoascribetothemadominatingroleinnature.Isthissignificantlydifferentfromtheold-fashioneddominationmodel?Inbothsystemshumansholdtheplaceofhighestauthorityandpowerintheworld.

Also,neitherviewrecognizesanylimitstothescopeandrangeoflegitimatehumanmanipulationintheworld.Thisdoesnotmeanthattherearenoconstraints;onlybeneficialmanipulationshouldbeundertaken.Butitdoesnotmeanthatnothingisoff-limits.Afurtherparallelisthat,becausethefateoftheworldrestsonhumans,theymusthaveaclearideaofwhatneedstobedone.

1.Theauthorprimarypurposeinthepassageisto（）.

2.Theauthorofthepassagewouldprobablyagreethatpreservationists（）.

3.Whichofthefollowingbestexpressesthefunctionofthefirstparagraphinrelationtothepassageasawhole?

4.Inassertingthattheorganicmodelmightbe“moreserviceabletotherestorationists”(line1-2,para.4),theauthorimpliesthat（）.

5.Whichofthefollowingbestexpressestheauthor’sprimarycriticismoftherestorationists?

问题1选项

A.examinethesimilaritiesanddifferencesamongmodelsforenvironmentalphilosophies

B.formulateanewphilosophicalmodeloftherelationshipbetweenhumansandtheirenvironment

C.critiqueamodern-dayenvironmentalphilosophy

D.arguethatoneparticularenvironmentalphilosophy

问题2选项

A.arenotcriticalenoughofthosewhohaveplunderedthenaturalworld

B.basetheirideasonanunhealthydualism

C.havethesamebasicmind-setastheindustrialmainstream

D.havebeenunfairlycriticizedbyrestorationist

问题3选项

A.Todiscusssecondaryissuesasapreludetoamoredetailedexanimationofaprimaryissue.

B.Toprovideanhistoricalbackdropforadiscussionofmodern-dayissues.

C.Tointroduceopposingviewpoints,whicharethenevaluated.

D.Toidentifyproblemareaswithinaschoolofthought,whicharethenexploredingreaterdetail.

问题4选项

A.thedescriptionsbyTurnerandJordanoftherestorationists’programconformmorecloselytotheorganicmodelthantothecommunityparticipationmodel

B.theorganicmodelismoreconsistentthanthecommunityparticipationmodelwiththeprincipleofrestoration

C.theorganicmodelismoreconsistentwiththerestorationists’agendathanwiththepreservationists’program

D.holisticmodelsaremoreusefulthanthedualistmodeltotherestorationists

问题5选项

A.Theircritiqueofpreservationismisnotwellsupported.

B.Theirprogramdoesnotcoincidewiththeirprinciples.

C.Theyrejectthemostworkablemodelfortherelationshipbetweenhumansandnature.

D.Theyassigntohumansacontrollingroleintheworld.

【答案】第1题:C

第2题:D

第3题:A

第4题:A

第5题:B

【解析】1.【试题解析】主旨大意题。由题干可以定位到原文第二段全文主旨句“However,thewritingsoftherestorationiststhemselves—particularly,WilliamJordanandFrederickTurner—offerlittleevidencetosupportthisindictment.”中文翻译为：然而，恢复主义者们（尤其是WilliamJordan和FrederickTurner）的作品却很少提供证据来支持这种谴责。因此C选项“批评一种现代的环境哲学”符合题意。

2.【试题解析】推理判断题。根据题干可定位到文章第二段“However,thewritingsoftherestorationiststhemselves—particularly,WilliamJordanandFrederickTurner—offerlittleevidencetosupportthisindictment…”中文翻译为：然而，恢复主义者们（尤其是WilliamJordan和FrederickTurner）的作品却很少提供证据来支持这种谴责。对应D选项“不公平地被恢复主义者批评”。因此D项符合题意。

3.【试题解析】推理判断题。根据题干可以定位到文章第一段“Dissatisfactionwithdualismhasforsometimefiguredprominentlyintheunhappinessofenvironmentalistswithmainstreamindustrialsociety,asinthewritingsofCarolynMerchantandTheodoreRoszak.”中文翻译为：对二元论的不满有一段时间显著地出现在环保主义者对主流工业社会的不满上，如在CarolynMerchant和TheodoreRoszak的作品中就有出现，以及第二段中“However，thewritingsoftherestorationiststhemselves—particularly,WilliamJordanandFrederickTurner—offerlittleevidencetosupportthisindictment…”中文翻译为：然而，恢复主义者们（尤其是WilliamJordan和FrederickTurner）的作品却很少提供证据来支持这种谴责。可知答案为A项“讨论一个次要的问题来充当对一个重要问题进行更详细检查的前奏”。

4.【试题解析】细节事实题。根据题干关键词可以定位到文章第四段“Ifwecouldthinkofthebiosphereasasinglelivingorganismandcouldidentifyhumanswiththebrain(ortheDNA),orcontrolcenter,wewouldhaveamodelthatmorecloselyfitstherestorationists’view.”中文翻译为：如果我们可以将生物圈看成是一个单独的生物体且将人类等同于大脑（或DNA）或控制中心，那么我们应该有一个更符合恢复主义者观点的模式。因此A项“Turner和Jordan对恢复主义者计划的描述相比社区参与模式，更接近有机体模式”正确。

5.【试题解析】推理判断题。根据题干可以定位到文章第三段“Thecrucialquestion,however,abouttherestorationistoutlookhastodowiththedegreetowhichtherestorationprogramisitselffaithfultothefirstprincipleofrestoration:thatnatureandhumanityarefundamentallyunitedratherthanseparate.”中文翻译为：然而，有关恢复主义者观点的关键问题是恢复计划本身忠实于恢复的基本原则（即自然和人类在根本上是统一的，而不是分开的）的程度。因此可知答案为B“他们的计划与他们的原则不一致”。

16.单选题

Eighteenisthe（）votingageinourcountry.

问题1选项

A.minimal

B.minimum

C.minute

D.miniature

【答案】B

【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。A选项minimal“极小的；极少的”；B选项minimum“最小的；最低的”；C选项minute“微小的，详细的”；D选项miniature“微型的，小规模的”。句意：18岁在我们的国家是最小的投票年龄。结合句意可知B选项正确。

17.单选题

Theschoolmaster（）thegirl’sbraveryinhisopeningspeech.

问题1选项

A.applauded

B.enhanced

C.elevated

D.clapped

【答案】A

【解析】考查动词词义辨析。A选项applaud“赞同；称赞”；B选项enhance“提高；加强；增加”；C选项elevate“提高；举起；抬高”；D选项clap“拍手；鼓掌；轻轻拍打某人”。句意：校长在开幕致辞上称赞了这个女孩的勇敢行为。因此A选项正确。

18.单选题

（1）weallhaveguiltypleasures,ourday-to-daydecisionsareusuallygovernedbyadeep-seatedsensethatwewouldbebetteroff（2）ifwefavoredworkoverleisure,necessitiesoverluxuries,andsavingmoneyover（3）spendingit.Butwouldwebehappier?

Ourresearchshowsthatforgoingindulgencestodaycan（4）strongregretslater,andthatnear-termregretsaboutself-indulgencedramatically（5）withtime.Theseresponsesaresostrongthatwewereabletoinfluencepeople’sbuyingbehaviorsimplybyaskingthemto（6）theirlong-termregrets.

Oneofourstudies—publishedintheJournalofConsumerResearch—（7）theregretsfeltbycollegestudents（8）theirconductonrecentwinterbreaksandbyalumnirememberingwinterbreaksof40yearsago.Regretabout（9）ortraveledmoreduringbreaksincreasedwithtime,whereasregretaboutnothavingworked,studiedorsavedmoneyduringbreaksdecreasedwithtime.Wesawa（10）patterninastudyof（11）businesspeopleperceivedpastchoicesbetweenworkandpleasure.Overtime,thosewhohadindulgedfelt（12）guiltyabouttheirchoices,whereasthosewhohadbeendutifulexperiencedagrowingsenseofhaving（13）onthepleasuresoflife.

Peoplewhoundulyresistself-indulgence（14）fromanexcessivefarsightedness,orhyperopia—thereverseoftypicalself-controlproblem.（15）yieldingtotemptation,theyfocuson（16）necessitiesandactingresponsiblyandtheyseeindulgenceaswasteful,irresponsible,andevenimmoral.（17）,theseconsumersavoidpreciselytheproductsandexperiencesthattheymostenjoy.Theirhyperopiacaninhibitconsumptioninwaysthatarebothbadfortheirownwell-beingandformarketers’bottomlines.Wedon’tadvocate（18）tomotivateconsumptiontomakeill-consideredpurchases,ofcourse,butmarketerscanhelpcustomersmakeappropriatelyindulgentchoicesthatthey’ll—（19）overthelongterm.

Inanotherstudy,forthcomingintheJournalofMarketingResearch,fifty-sevenconsumerswereasked（20）ofashoppingmalltriptoconsidertwo（21）:buyinganexpensiveitemofclothingthatwouldmakethemhappy,orbuyingacheaperalternativethatwould（22）themtospendthesavedmoneyonmorepracticalthings.Halfwerethenaskedtopredictwhichofthetwochoiceswould（23）themthegreatestregretthenextday,whiletheotherhalfwereaskedtoconsidertheregrettheymightfeelovereachpurchaseseveralyearslater.

Aftertheshoppingtrip,weexaminedtheconsumers’actualpurchase.Aswe（24）,thosewhoanticipatedregretthenextday（25）tobuymorepracticalgoods;thosewhohadconsideredregretinthemoredistantfutureboughtmoreindulgentproducts.Inotherwords,thinkingaboutshort-termregretdrivesconsumerstobevirtuous,（26）thinkingaboutlong-termregretleadsthemtobeextravagant.

Ourfindingssuggestthatmarketersofluxuryproductsandleisureservicescould（27）frompromptingconsumerstopredicttheirfeelingsinthefutureiftheyforgotheindulgentchoice.Forinstance,atravelcompanymightaskcustomerstoconsiderhowthey’llfeelabouthaving（28）afamilyvacationpackageoncethenestisempty.

Consumers,too,canbenefitfromsuchprompts.InthewordsofthelateMassachusettssenatorPaulTsongas,“Nobodyonhisdeathbed（29）said,‘IwishI（30）moretimeattheoffice.’”

问题1选项

A.Though

B.When

C.Unless

D.That

问题2选项

A.inthelongrun

B.inthemeantime

C.intheend

D.intime

问题3选项

A.deliberately

B.impulsively

C.consciously

D.compulsively

问题4选项

A.grow

B.increase

C.feed

D.arouse

问题5选项

A.decrease

B.vanish

C.shrink

D.fade

问题6选项

A.anticipate

B.realize

C.abandon

D.recall

问题7选项

A.investigated

B.explored

C.examined

D.involved

问题8选项

A.on

B.above

C.over

D.with

问题9选项

A.havingspent

B.nottospend

C.notspending

D.nothavingspent

问题10选项

A.similar

B.different

C.alike

D.related

问题11选项

A.how

B.what

C.where

D.why

问题12选项

A.moreandmore

B.thesame

C.lessandless

D.no

问题13选项

A.turnedout

B.missedout

C.madeout

D.figuredout

问题14选项

A.meet

B.undergo

C.endure

D.suffer

问题15选项

A.Ratherthan

B.Morethan

C.Lessthan

D.Otherthan

问题16选项

A.requiring

B.inquiring

C.acquiring

D.enquiring

问题17选项

A.Infact

B.Sofar

C.Asaresult

D.Atpresent

问题18选项

A.beingtried

B.try

C.totry

D.trying

问题19选项

A.regret

B.appreciate

C.decline

D.value5

问题20选项

A.inpublic

B.inadvance

C.ingeneral

D.indetail

问题21选项

A.chances

B.opportunities

C.capabilities

D.possibilities

问题22选项

A.allow

B.lead

C.make

D.demand

问题23选项

A.attract

B.cause

C.render

D.create

问题24选项

A.expected

B.knew

C.saw

D.told

问题25选项

A.inclined

B.liked

C.tended

D.leaned

问题26选项

A.unless

B.although

C.when

D.whereas

问题27选项

A.originate

B.derive

C.benefit

D.result

问题28选项

A.passedup

B.turnedup

C.madeup

D.takenup

问题29选项

A.even

B.never

C.still

D.ever

问题30选项

A.spend

B.hadspent

C.spent

D.wouldspend

【答案】第1题:A

第2题:A

第3题:B

第4题:D

第5题:A

第6题:A

第7题:A

第8题:C

第9题:D

第10题:A

第11题:A

第12题:C

第13题:B

第14题:D

第15题:A

第16题:C

第17题:C

第18题:D

第19题:B

第20题:B

第21题:D

第22题:A

第23题:B

第24题:A

第25题:C

第26题:D

第27题:C

第28题:A

第29题:D

第30题:B

【解析】1.【试题解析】考查逻辑关系。选项后“weallhaveguiltypleasures”，中文翻译为：我们都有罪恶的快乐。下文又说“ourday-to-daydecisionsareusuallygovernedbyadeep-seatedsense…”，中文翻译为：我们日常的决定通常是由一种根深蒂固的感觉所支配的……可知选项处应表示转折，故A项最符合。

2.【试题解析】考查逻辑关系。根据下文出现的“near-termregrets近期遗憾”“long-termregrets长期遗憾”以及“overthelongterm长期来看”可知A选项“从长远看”正确。

3.【试题解析】考查副词词义辨析。A选项deliberately“故意地；谨慎地”；B选项impulsively“冲动地；有推动力地”；C选项consciously“自觉地；有意识地”；D选项compulsively“强制地，强迫地”。联系上文“ifwefavoredworkoverleisure,necessitiesoverluxuries”中文翻译为：如果我们重视工作而不是休闲、选择必需品而不是奢侈品，推断出空格处选B。

4.【试题解析】考查词义辨析。A选项grow“使生长；种植；扩展”；B选项increase“增加”；C选项feed“喂养”；D选项arouse“引起”。根据语境和句意，后面搭配strongregrets，译为“强烈的遗憾”可知D选项正确。

5.【试题解析】考查逻辑关系。结合后文“whereasregretaboutnothavingworked,studiedorsavedmoneyduringbreaksdecreasedwithtime”，中文大意为：面对于没有在休息时间工作、学习或存钱的遗憾则随着时间的推移而减少。因此判断出空格处表示减少的意思，A选项正确。

6.【试题解析】考查词义辨析。A选项anticipate“预料，期望”；B选项realize“实现；认识到；了解”；C选项abandon“遗弃；放弃”；D选项recall“召回；回想起，记起；取消”。联系下文“anticipatedregret”意为：预料遗憾，可知A选项正确。

7.【试题解析】考查词义辨析。A选项investigate“调查；研究”；B选项explore“探索；探测；探险”；C选项examine“检查；审查”；D选项involve“包含；牵涉；使陷于”。由前文“ourstudies”，中文翻译为：我们的研究，可知A选项正确。

8.【试题解析】考查固定搭配。regretoversth.“对……感到遗憾（或后悔）”，故C选项正确。

9.【试题解析】考查逻辑关系。结合下文whereasregretaboutnothavingworked,studiedorsavedmoney可知D选项正确。

10.【试题解析】考查词义辨析。A选项similar“类似的”；B选项different“不同的；个别的，与众不同的”；C选项alike“相似的；相同的”；D选项related“有关系的”。结合下文betweenworkandpleasure“在工作和娱乐之间”可知该空格处应表示类似的模式。因此可知A选项正确。

11.【试题解析】考查逻辑关系。结合下文“businesspeopleperceivedpastchoicesbetweenworkandpleasure.”中文翻译为：商人看待在工作和娱乐之间过去的选择。判断出正确答案为A“如何”。

12.【试题解析】考查逻辑关系。对应下文“whereasthosewhohadbeendutifulexperiencedagrowing”中文翻译为：然而，过去尽职的那些人经历日益增强的……判断出最符合语境句意的选项为C“越来越少的”。

13.【试题解析】考查固定搭配。missouton“错过机会”，故选B。

14.【试题解析】考查逻辑关系。根据下文“anexcessivefarsightedness”中文翻译为：一种过度的远见，可知此处对应D项“遭受”。

15.【试题解析】考查逻辑关系。联系下文“theyfocuson...andactingresponsiblyandtheyseeindulgenceaswasteful,irresponsible,andevenimmoral”中文翻译为：他们专注于……做事负责且他们将放纵看成是浪费的、不负责的甚至不道德的。结合“yieldingtotemptation”“屈服于诱惑”判断应选A“而不是”。

16.【试题解析】考查词义。A选项require“需要；要求”；B选项inquire“询问；查究；问明”；C选项acquire“获得；学到；捕获”；D选项enquire“询问；调查；问候”。结合下文necessities“必需品”，可知最佳答案为C。

17.【试题解析】考查逻辑关系。根据下文“theseconsumersavoidpreciselytheproductsandexperiencesthattheymostenjoy”中文翻译为：这些消费者恰恰避开他们极其喜爱的这些产品和经历，可以判断出选项处应表示“结果”。答案为C。

18.【试题解析】考查固定搭配。advocatedoingsth.“提倡做某事”，并且此处为主动语态。答案为D。

19.【试题解析】考查词义辨析。A选项regret“后悔；惋惜；哀悼”；B选项appreciate“感激；领会”；C选项decline“谢绝；婉拒”；D选项value“评价；重视”。由上文butmarketerscanhelpcustomersmakeappropriatelyindulgentchoices“但是市场营销者能帮助消费者做出适当放纵的选择”和下文overthelongterm“从长期来看”可以推测出答案为B。

20.【试题解析】考查逻辑关系。A选项inpublic“公开地，当众”；B选项inadvance“预先，提前”；C选项ingeneral“总之”；D选项indetail“详细地”。结合下文Aftertheshoppingtrip“在购物之旅后”可以判断出最符合的答案是选项B。

21.【试题解析】考查词义辨析。A选项chance“机会，际遇；运气”；B选项opportunity“时机，机会”；C选项capability“才能，能力；性能，容量”；D选项possibility“可能性；可能发生的事物”。联系下文可知正确选项为D。

22.【试题解析】考查固定搭配。allowsb.todosth.“允许某人做某事”。可知A选项为最佳答案。

23.【试题解析】考查词义辨析。A选项attract“吸引”；B选项cause“引起；使遭受；给……带来”；C选项render“致使；提出”；D选项create“创造，创作”。结合后文“thegreatestregret”中文翻译为：最大的遗憾，可知最佳答案为B。

24.【试题解析】考查逻辑关系。结合上文“Aftertheshoppingtrip,weexaminedtheconsumers’actualpurchase”中文翻译为：在这个购物之旅后，我们检查了这些消费者实际购买的东西，可以判断选项A“如我们所料”正确。

25.【试题解析】考查固定搭配。tendtodosth.“倾向于做某事”，结合上下文可知答案为C。

26.【试题解析】考查逻辑关系。A选项unless“除非，如果不”；B选项although“尽管；虽然”；C选项when“当……时”；D选项whereas“然而”。由上文“whereasregretaboutnothavingworked”可知此处应该表示“然而”，故答案为D。

27.【试题解析】考查逻辑关系。结合下文“Consumers,too,canbenefitfromsuchprompts.”，中文翻译为：消费者也可以从这些提示中受益，可知C为最佳答案。

28.【试题解析】考查逻辑关系。联系上文“forgotheindulgentchoice”，中文翻译为：放弃这个放纵的选择，和下文“afamilyvacation”，中文翻译为：一个家庭度假，可知此处应为forgo的近义词，故选A。

29.【试题解析】考查词义。A选项even“甚至，连，即使；更加”；B选项never“从未；决不”；C选项still“仍然；静止地”；D选项ever“永远；曾经；究竟”。联系上文“Nobodyonhisdeathbed”中文翻译为：没有人在弥留之际，判断出D为最佳答案。

30.【试题解析】考查虚拟语气。根据上文“Nobodyonhisdeathbed”中文翻译为：没有人在弥留之际，以及空格前的wish可知此处为与过去事实相反的虚拟语气，从句的谓语动词用would/couldhavedone。可知答案为B。

19.单选题

Thecontestantshadtostaywithinthe（）oftheplayingfieldortheywouldbeeliminated.

问题1选项

A.symptomatic

B.corollary

C.pundit

D.parameter

【答案】D

【解析】考查词义辨析。A选项symptomatic“有症状的；症候的”；B选项corollary“推论；必然的结果”；C选项pundit“专家；博学者；梵文学者”；D选项parameter“参数；起限定作用的因素；界限”。句意：参赛者必须停留在比赛场地的界限内，否则他们将被淘汰。结合此处语义，D选项正确。

20.单选题

DespiteDenmark’smanifestvirtues,DanesnevertalkabouthowproudtheyaretobeDanes.ThiswouldsoundweirdinDanish.WhenDanestalktoforeignersaboutDenmark,theyalwaysbeginbycommentingonitstininess,itsunimportance,thedifficultyofitslanguage,thegeneralsmall-mindednessandself-indulgenceoftheircountrymenandthehightaxes.NoDanewouldlookyouintheeyeandsay“Denmarkisagreatcountry.”You’resupposedtofigurethisoutforyourself.

Itisthelandofthesilksafetynet,wherealmosthalfthenationalbudgetgoestowardsmoothingoutlife’sinequalities,andthereisplentyofmoneyforschools,daycare,retrainingprograms,jobseminars—Danesloveseminars:threedaysatastudycenterhearingaboutwastemanagementisalmostasgoodasaskitrip.ItisaculturebombardedbyEnglish,inadvertising,popmusic,theInternet,anddespitealltheEnglishthatDanishabsorbs―thereisnoDanishAcademytodefendagainstit—olddialectspersistinJutlandthatcanbarelybeunderstoodbyCopenhageners.Itisthelandwhere,asthesayinggoes,“fewhavetoomuchandfewerhavetoolittle,”andaforeignerisstruckbythesweetegalitarianismthatprevails,wherethelowliestclerkgivesyoualevelgaze,whereSirandMadamehavedisappearedfromcommonusage,evenMr.andMrs..It’sanationofrecyclers—about55%ofDanishgarbagegetsmadeintosomethingnew―andnonuclearpowerplants.It’sanationoftirelessplanners.Trainsrunontime.Thingsoperatewellingeneral.

Suchanationofoverachievers—abrochurefromtheMinistryofBusinessandIndustrysays,“Denmarkisoneoftheworld’scleanestandmostorganizedcountries,withvirtuallynopollution,crime,orpoverty.Denmarkisthemostcorruption-freesocietyintheNorthernHemisphere.”So,ofcourse,one’sheartliftsatanysightingofDanishsleaze:skinheadgraffitionbuildings(“ForeignersOutofDenmark!”),brokenbeerbottlesinthegutters,drunkenteenagersslumpedinthepark.

Nonetheless,itisanorderlyland.YoudrivethroughaDanishtown,itcomestoanendatastonewall,andontheothersideisafieldofbarley,anicecleanline:townhere,countrythere.Itisnotanationofjaywalkers.Peoplestandonthecurbandwaitfortheredlighttochange,evenifit’s2a.m.andthere’snotacarinsight.However,Danesdon’tthinkofthemselvesasawaiting-at-2-a.m.-for-the-green-lightpeople―that’showtheyseeSwedesandGermans.Danesseethemselvesasjazzypeople,improvisers,morefreespiritedthanSwedes,butthetruthis(thoughoneshouldnotsayit)thatDanesareverymuchlikeGermansandSwedes.Orderlinessisamainsellingpoint.Denmarkhasfewnaturalresources,limitedmanufacturingcapability;itsfutureinEuropewillbeasabroker,banker,anddistributorofgoods.YousendyourgoodsbycontainershiptoCopenhagen,andthesebright,young,English-speaking,utterlyhonest,highlydisciplinedpeoplewillgetyourgoodsaroundtoScandinavia,theBalticStates,andRussia.Airports,seaports,highways,andraillinesareultramodernandwell-maintained.

Theorderlinessofthesocietydoesn’tmeanthatDanishlivesarelessmessyorlonelythanyoursormine,andnoDanewouldtellyouso.Youcanhearplentyaboutbitterfamilyfeudsandthesorrowsof