现在分词的用法课件

1、Unit 2Grammar and usage-ing form八滩高二英语备课组 葛卫红-Unit 2Grammar and usage-ing foThere are many sleeping students in class. （表语）（定语）Feeling the lesson is boring, the students are sleepy.The students feel the lesson boring.The lesson is boring.（宾补）（状语）-There are many sleeping studen功 能定语表语宾语补足语状语-功 能定语表语宾

2、语补足语状语-In the following years he worked even harder. The man speaking to the teacher is our monitors father. The film being shown in the cinema is exciting. Can you hear her singing the song in the next room? Working in the factory, he was an advanced worker. He kept the car waiting at the gate.-In

3、the following years he work1. He hurried home, looking behind as he went. 2. Having finished their work, they had a rest. 3. The large building being built is a library. 4. Having been shown the lab, we were taken to see the library.（一般式）（完成式）（被动语态）（被动完成式）-1. He hurried home, looking be时态和语态-时态和语态-3

4、. The man who is running in the picture is Liu Xiang.2. The man running inthe picture is Liu Xiang.1. a running man 一、 V-ing used as attribute:-3. The man who is running in tThe factory making TV sets is very large. The main road being built will be completed next year.此处为什么用being built The main roa

5、d_will be completed next yearthat/which is being builtThe main road _(build) next week is benefical to our life.to be builtcci此处的to be built是什么形式做什么成分？你能体味它和being built 的不同吗？The factory which makes TV sets is very large.-The factory making TV sets is 1.That was an extremely interesting speech.2.A wo

6、od-burning stove is environmentally unfriendly.Note :副词或名词可以和现在分词在一起构成复合名词-1.That was an extremely intere翻译：1.令人信服的证据2.一段难熬的时光3.正在讨论的问题4.即将在会上讨论的问题5.令人惊异的人6.迅速发展的经济7.经营这个工厂的老板the convincing envidencea trying timethe problem being discussedthe problem to be discussed at the meetingthe amazing persont

7、he fast-growing economythe boss running the factory-翻译：the convincing envidencea t小 结:V-ing形式作定语可表示动作正在进行或表示和所修饰词之间有逻辑主动关系。单个V-ing词作定语修饰名词一般置于名词之前；V-ing词组修饰名词则置于名词之后，此时相当于一个定语从句。-小 结:V-ing形式作定语可表示动作正在进行或表示和所修饰 2.We noticed a lot of people_ (wait) to enter the stadium. 二、 V-ing used as Object Complem

8、ent: 1. We saw some students_(play) basketball on the playground.3.They have the fire_(burn) all night. playingwaitingburning- 2.We noticed a lot of peoplV-ing形式作宾语补足语置于宾语之后，表示一个正在进行的动作（如例1、2），或强调一个过程或一种状态。（如例3）小 结 ：-V-ing形式作宾语补足语置于宾语之后，表示一个正在进行的动V-ing形式作宾语补足语的常见动词：小 结 ：表示感觉和心理状态的动词，常见的有 see, hear,

9、feel, smell, find, notice, observe, look at, listen to 等。2) 表示指使意义的动词，常见的有have, set, keep, get, catch, leave，等。如：V-ing形式作宾语补足语时，往往同宾语存在逻辑主谓关系。你知道吗？-V-ing形式作宾语补足语的常见动词：小 结 ：表示感觉和心1. He was often heard_(sing)the English songs.2.He was heard _(sing) the English song when I passed by.3.He left the fire

10、_(burn) all night.4.The student was caught _(cheat) in the exam.PracticeFill in the blanks with the verb given in its proper form.to singsingingburningcheating-1. He was often heard_ 当我们回到学校时, 发现一个陌生人站在大门口。 When we returned to the school, we _at the entrance. 我发现地板上放着一个包。 I _on the ground. 那老板让工人整夜地

11、工作。 The boss _the whole night. found a stranger standingfound a bag lyingkept/had the workers workingPracticeComplete the sentences:- fwith+宾语+to doWith+宾语+doneWith+宾语+doing1.With so many difficult problems _(solve),he could travel with his wife.2.With so many difficult problems _(solve),he couldnt

12、travel with his wife.3.With the man _ (solve) so many difficult problems,he could travel with his wife.4.He had to come back home with his money_/_(用光） solvedto solveslovingrunning outrun out of-with+宾语+to dosolvedto solveslo 他对母亲的关爱很感人。His concern for his mother is _.三、V ing used as predicativetouc

13、hing/moving -ing形式作表语时放在系动词之后，现在分词作表语,相当于形容词,表示主语的性质 The film is interesting. 小提示：动名词和现在分词可用very来鉴别:在v-ing前加上very句意说得通的是现在分词,说不通的是动名词.- 三、V ing used as predicativet interesting使人感兴趣的 interested感兴趣的exciting令人激动的 excited感到激动的delighting令人高兴的 delighted感到高兴的disappointing令人失望的 disappointed感到失望的encouraging

14、令人鼓舞的 encouraged感到鼓舞的pleasing令人愉快的 pleased感到愉快的puzzling令人费解的 puzzled感到费解的satisfying令人满意的 satisfied感到满意的surprising令人惊异的 surprised感到惊异的worrying令人担心的 worried感到担心的- interesting使人感兴趣的 1.There was a terrible noise _the sudden burst of light. A. followed B. following C. to be followed D. being followed2. I

15、t was so cold that they kept the fire _all night.to burn B. burn C. burning D. burnedMultiple choice: -1.There was a terrible noise _3.The flowers _sweet in the botanic garden attract the visitors to the beauty of name.A. to smell B. smelling C. smelt D. to be smelt4. The old man, _abroad for twenty

16、 years, is on the way back to his motherland.A. to work B. working C. to have worked D. having worked-3.The flowers _sweet in t5. He looked around and caught a man _ his hand into the pocket into a passengerA. put B. to be putting C. to put D. putting6. A cook will be immediately fired if he is foun

17、d _ in the kitchen.smoke B. smoking C. to smoke D. smoked-5. He looked around and caught四、 V-ing used as an adverb: V-ing词组可以在句中充当时间、原 因、 结果、条件、伴随 、让步等状语。-四、 V-ing used as an adverb: V-ing短语作时间状语一般置于句首。如：Hearing the bad news, they couldnt help crying. =When they heard the bad news, they couldnt help

18、 crying. 当听到这个不幸的消息时，他们情不自禁地哭了起来。1. 作时间状语收到他的信后，我决定给他回信。 _ I decided to write back. =_, I decided to write backHaving received his letterAfter I had received his letter，-ing短语作时间状语一般置于句首。如：1. 作时间状语收到Asking around , I find many people willing to pay slightly higher prices for things that are environm

19、entally friendly._, I find many people willing to pay slightly higher prices for things that are environmentally friendly.When I ask around-Asking around , I find many pe_(observe) the problem for many years ,he announced that we are now facing the biggest environmental problem of our time._years,he

20、 announced that we are now facing the biggest environmental problem of our time.当现在分词短语用来表示时间时，可以和when,after 等引导的时间状语从句互换Having observedAfter he had observed the problem for many ,_(criticize)by the teacher, he gave up smoking. 被老师批评以后，他把烟戒了Having been criticizedAfter he had benn criticized_by the t

21、eacher,he gave up smoking-_(observe) the-ing短语作原因状语。如：Being so angry, he couldnt go to sleep.=Because/since /as he was so angry, he couldnt go to sleep. 因为太生气了，他不能入睡。2. 作原因状语Not knowing her address, we couldnt get in touch with him_we couldnt get in touch with himAs /Because /Since we didnt know her

22、 adress，-ing短语作原因状语。如：2. 作原因状语Not knowWe are making bigger holes in the nets, _(hope) to avoid catching fish that are not fully grown.We are making bigger holes in the nets,because we hope to avoid catching fish that are not fully grown.= _(not know) what to do, I could do nothing but stay at home a

23、nd wait. 不知道该做什么，我只好在家里等着_,I could do nothing but stay at home and wait.hopingNot knowingAs I didnt know what to do-We are making bigger holes in _(suffer) from heart disease for years, he had to take much medicine._,he had to take much medicineHaving sufferedAs /Because he had suffered from heartde

24、sease for years-_(suffer) from h-ing作条件状语置于句首或句末。如：Working hard, you will succeed. =If you work hard, you will succeed. 如果你勤奋一点，你就会成功。3. 作条件状语注意：_, and you will succeed.Work hard-ing作条件状语置于句首或句末。如：3. 作条件状语注意：_(prepare) fully,we can achieve great things._,we can achieve great things._ ,and we can ach

25、ieve great things.当现在分词用来表示条件时，可以和if引导的条件状语从句互换PreparingIf we prepare fullyPrepare fully比较下面三个句子，体味其不同之处第一个句中we的前面可以加一个and 吗？为什么？-_(prepare) fully,we The factory keeps releasing smoke, making the air dirty.The factory keeps releasing smoke,（非限制性定语从句）which makes the air dirtyShe does exercise for anh

26、our every day,causing her to keep a slim figure.She does exercise for an hour every day,_her to keep a slim figure.She does exercise for an hour every day。_,she keeps a slim figure.4. 作结果状语which causesThe factory keeps releasing smoke._ the air is made dirty.As a result,As a result-The factory keeps

27、 releasing smThe couple went shopping. As a result, they left their eldest daughter alone at home. =The couple went shopping, _ (leave)their eldest daughter alone at home. = The couple went shopping,_their eldest daughter alone at home. (用非限制性定语从句）leavingwhich left当现在分词短语用来表结果时，可以和as a result 引导的结果状

28、语从句互换。也相当于which引导一个非限制性定语从句-The couple went shopping. As aThey came into the classroom, singing and laughing. =They sang and laughed; they came into the classroom. 他们又唱又笑地走进教室。5. 作伴随状语-They came into the classroom, The students came in,_(follow)their teacher.My cousin came to see me from the country

29、,_ (bring)me a full basket of fresh fruits.following bringing-The students came in,_-ing短语作让步状语，可置于句首或 句末，常与even if, though 连用。如：6. 作让步状语Though working from morning till night, his father didnt get enough food.=Although his father worked from morning till night, he didnt get enough food. 虽然他父亲从早到晚拼命

30、地干活，但是他还是挣不到足够的吃的。-ing短语作让步状语，可置于句首或 句末，常与even iWhen _(develop) the economy,we have to take environmental protection into consideration.这是一个省略句，请补充完整developing_,we have to take environmental protection into consideration.When we are developing the economy While _in Beijing, he came to see me twice.

31、=_, he came to see me twice.stayingWhile he was staying in Beijing思考下面的句子：-When _(develop) the 小 结:1.连词+现在分词短语也可用来表示时间，常用的连词有when,while,相当于这些连引导的一个从句。-小 结:-2. 动词-ing形式在句中作状语时，其逻辑主语与主句的主语保持一致。-2. 动词-ing形式在句中作状语时，其逻辑主语与主句的主语He traveled on the plane like this, keeping the tortoise hidden in a blanket._

32、 the bad news, he couldnt help bursting into tears. Heard B. Having heardC. Hearing D. Having been heard_ to the school building, the visitors were led to see the library.Being shown B. ShownC. Having been shown D. Having shown(keeping的逻辑主语和句子的主语一致，都是he)-He traveled on the plane like 1. a. Hearing t

33、he news, tears ran down her face. b. Hearing the news, she cried out sadly.2. a. Entering the classroom, I found nobody in it. b. Entering the classroom, nobody was found in it.3. a. Looking out through the window, the garden was beautiful. b. Looking out through the window, we saw a beautiful garde

34、n.4. a. Reading the evening newspaper, a dog started barking. b. I was reading the evening newspaper when a dog started barking.Choose the correct sentence.-1. a. Hearing the news, tears 完成主动式1. Having finished her homework, shewent to bed.2. Having heard this, the woman astronautexpressed her satis

35、faction.分词所表示的动作发生在句中谓语动词所表示的动作之前，一般在句中作时间或原因状语用，不能做定语用。-完成主动式1. Having finished her ho一般被动式表示正在发生的被动动作,在句中作定语或状语。The car being repaired is mine.The car which is being repaired is mine.Being repaired, the car cant be used.As/Because it is being repaired, the car cant be used.-一般被动式表示正在发生的被动动作,在句中作定语

36、或The ca完成被动式：表示发生在谓语动作之前的被动动作，在句中多作状语，不能作定语。Having been praised a second time ,Idecided to make still greater progress.Having been asked to stay, I couldntvery well leave.-完成被动式：表示发生在谓语动作之前的被动动作，在Having非谓语动词的否定式均为not+非谓语动词 现在分词的否定形式 not + 现在分词（完成的否定式not 放在having之前）Not knowing how to dye the silk red

37、, hewent to her for help.Not having heard from her son for along time, the mother worried a great deal.-非谓语动词的否定式均为not+非谓语动词 现在分词的否一些独立结构：1. Generally _( speak ), we have learnt a lot in this school.2. _(judge ) from his appearance, he is somebody.3. _( tell ) you the truth, your work is terrible.sp

38、eakingJudgingTo tell-一些独立结构：speakingJudgingTo tell-1. _a reply, he decided to write a sixth letter.A. Not receiving B. Not to receive C. Not having received D. Having not received2. Alice returned from the managers office, _me that the boss wanted to see me at once.（04 全国IV）A. having told B. tells C

39、. to tell D. telling-1. _a reply, he decide3. _ in the queue for half an hour, Tom suddenly realized that he had left his wallet at home.A. To wait B. Have waited C. Having waited D. To have waited4. I couldnt do my homework with all that noise _.A. going on B. goes on C. went on D. to go on -3. _ i

40、n the queue for ha3. _ in the queue for half an hour, Tom suddenly realized that he had left his wallet at home.A. To wait B. Have waited C. Having waited D. To have waited4. I couldnt do my homework with all that noise _.A. going on B. goes on C. went on D. to go on -3. _ in the queue for ha1. Thei

41、r car was caught in a traffic jam, thus _ the delay. A. to cause B. causing C. caused D. cause2. The _ boy was last seen _ near the bank of the lake.A. missing; playing B. missing; play C. missed; played D. missed; to playExercise-1. Their car was caught in a t3. After seeing the movie, _. A. the bo

42、ok was read by him B. the book made him want to read it C. he wanted to read the book D. the reading of the book interested him-3. After seeing the movie, _4. The next morning she found the man in bed, _ dead.A. lying B. lie C. lay D. laying5. There was a terrible noise _ the sudden burst of light.A. followed B. following C. to be followed D. being followed-4. The next morning she found 6. The secretary worked late into the night