2022年考研考博-考博英语-北京体育大学考试名师押题精选卷I（带答案详解）试卷号2

1、住在富人区的她2022年考研考博-考博英语-北京体育大学考试名师押题精选卷I（带答案详解）（图片可根据实际调整大小）题型12345总分得分一.综合题(共50题)1.单选题Are undergraduate grades important? Everyone knows that high marks earned at different schools or under different instructors can indicate very different levels of achievement. One professor may be a hard grader, wh

2、ile another is very generous or one who takes the whole business as a bit of joke. Some schools have nigh standards, whereas others are groups of intellectual people. And at all universities, there is a constant tendency towards grade inflation （the granting of ever more high marks）. That is fought

3、vigorously at some institutions and allowed to go unchecked for long periods at others.Another point raised against grades is how poorly they predict how much graduates will be earning 15 or 20 years after getting their degrees. As many studies have shown, there is only a very poor correlation betwe

4、en undergraduates grades and subsequent wealth. People who get good marks tend to go into the professions, not all of which are highly remunerative（有利的）.The correlation between undergraduate grades and success in business, the most common road to wealth, is virtually nothing. Many mediocre（平庸）studen

5、ts become successful businessman, while some brilliant and capable graduates （creative youngsters, not students with special skills in passing exams） take up relatively low-paying but interesting or satisfying careers. The general population, examining this question through a statistical lens, sees

6、one thing very clearly that good grades dont translate in any direct way into big bucks, and for better or for worse, the gauge（标尺） of “success” for countless Americans is the acquisition of wealth.The result is a certain modesty about good grades in America among those who get them. A students pare

7、nts may brag about his marks, but seldom will the student himself risk being branded a “grade-grubber” by drawing too much attention to his academic success. High marks are not something to be advertised to the world except on resumes, and anybody who boasts about them is likely to be viewed with co

8、ntempt, not least by intelligent people.1.Which of the following is true about undergraduate grades?2.According to the passage, what is the relationship between grades and business performance?3.Which of the following best describes the American attitude towards good grades?4.The phrase “grade-grubb

9、er”, underlined in paragraph 3 probably means （ ）.5.What might be the best title for this passage?问题1选项A.Different grades in schools indicate different levels of achievement.B.Professors are giving increasingly high marks.C.Professors sometimes give grades without checking students work.D.Professors

10、 are likely to give high grades if they are humorous.问题2选项A.Good grades normally lead to business success.B.There is a direct link between grades and business success.C.Good grades dont necessarily mean business success.D.Poor grades often mean business success.问题3选项A.The students with good grades w

11、ill share his happiness with everybody he knows.B.Good grades are something attached to great importance.C.Not much importance is attached to good grades.D.Students will risk everything to get good grades.问题4选项A.a student who like to take risksB.a student who is excellent in academic studyC.a studen

12、t who is obsessed by getting good gradesD.a student who brags about his good grades问题5选项A.Are Grades So Important?B.How to Get Good Grades.C.Different Attitudes towards Grades.D.Grades and Business Success【答案】第1题:C第2题:C第3题:C第4题:C第5题:A【解析】1.推理判断题。题干询问关于本科成绩，下列哪个选项是正确的?。根据文章第一段中第三句“One professor may b

13、e a hard grader, while another is very generous or one who takes the whole business as a bit of joke. 一位教授可能是一个严格的评分者，而另一位教授可能是一个非常慷慨的人，或者是一个把整件事当作玩笑的人。”确定C选项教授有时不检查学生的作业就给他们打分。正确。2.细节事实题。题干询问根据这篇文章，成绩和企业绩效之间的关系是什么?。根据文章第二段中第四句“ The correlation between undergraduate grades and success in business, t

14、he most common road to wealth, is virtually nothing. 大学本科成绩与商业成功(最常见的致富之路)之间的相关性几乎为零。”确定C选项好的成绩并不一定意味着商业上的成功。正确。3.推理判断题。题干询问下列哪一项最能描述美国人对待好成绩的态度?。根据文章最后一段中第一句 “The result is a certain modesty about good grades in America among those who get them. 结果是，在美国取得好成绩的人对自己的成绩多少有些谦虚。”确定C选项好成绩不太重要。正确。4.词汇题。题干询

15、问第3段下划线的grade-grubber”一词可能是指。根据文章最后一段的第二句A students parents may brag about his marks, but seldom will the student himself risk being branded a “grade-grubber” by drawing too much attention to his academic success. 学生的父母可能会吹嘘他的成绩，但很少会因为过分关注他的学业成绩而给自己贴上“grade-grubber”的标签。这句话中的方式状语 “by drawing too much

16、 attention to his academic success 通过高度重视自己的学术成就”就是该词的解释，所以C选项一个痴迷于取得好成绩的学生正确。5.主旨大意题。题干询问这篇文章最好的题目是什么?。在文章开头作者提出问题“Are undergraduate grades important?，之后从多个方面论证了大学成绩并不是那么重要，高分不能代表财富和成功。所以用这一句话作为标题很恰当合适，A选项正确。2.翻译题中国有关管理部门规定，现役运动员在备战北京奥运会期间，不得参加任何形式的社会活动。“生活质量”这个词不好下定义。它包含很广的范围，例如生活环境、健康、就业、 食品、家庭生活

17、、教育、物质财富、休闲和娱乐，等等。亚运会，是一个在来自亚洲各地的运动员中举办的多项目体育赛事，每4年一届。该运动会受亚洲奥林匹克理事会(OCA)根据国际奥委会(IOC)的监督。父母、老师、工作同伴和大众媒体的传播者都能激发我们潜在的兴趣。例如，学校对于做游戏、参加体育活动和文化追求的鼓励的程度和方式很可能对学生休闲态度的形成产生影响。一场球赛由两个各出五人的球队组成，篮球运动既可在室内也可在室外的长方形场 地上进行。运动员可以通过运球在场地上移动，或者是边跑边传球，把球投进橘黄色的篮筐得分。【答案】Chinese authorities has banned its active athle

18、tes from taking part in any form of social activities in the run-up to Beijing Olympics.The term “quality of life” is hard to define. It covers a very wide range such as living environment, health, employment, food, family life, education, material wealth, leisure and entertainment, and so on.The As

19、ian Games is a multi-sport event which holds every four years among athletes from all over Asia. The games are supervised by the Olympic Council of Asia (OCA) under the regulation of the International Olympic Committee (IOC).Parents, teachers in schools, fellow workers and mass media communicators a

20、re all capable of stimulating our potential interests. For example, the degree to which and the ways in which a school encourages participation in games, sports and cultural pursuits are likely to have an impact on the shaping of leisure attitudes on the part of the students.A basketball game, which

21、 can be hold in an oblong field either indoor or outdoor, usually consists of two teams of 5 players in each. When running in the field, players can carry or pass the ball. When the ball is threw into the orange basket, players can get points.3.单选题Experts say walking is one of the best ways for a pe

22、rson to （ ） healthy.问题1选项A.preserveB.stayC.maintainD.reserve【答案】B【解析】动词词义辨析。preserve “保护，保存”；stay “保持”，可作系动词后接形容词作表语；maintain “维持”；reserve “预订，储备”。句意：专家说散步是保持健康的最好方法之一。因此选项B符合题意。4.单选题A recurring criticism of the UKs university sector is its perceived weakness in translating new knowledge into new pr

23、oducts and services.Recently, the UK National Stem Cell Network warned the UK could lose its place among the world leaders in stern cell research unless adequate funding and legislation could be assured. We should take this concern seriously as universities are keys in the national innovation system

24、.However, we do have to challenge the unthinking complaint that the sector does not do enough in taking ideas to market. The most recent comparative data on the performance of universities and research institutions in Australia, Canada, USA and UK shows that, from a relatively weak starting position

25、, the UK now leads on many indicators of commercialization activity.When viewed at the national level, the policy interventions of the past decade have helped transform the performance of UK universities. Evidence suggests the UKs position is much stronger than in the recent past and is still showin

26、g improvement. But national date, asks the very large variation in the performance of individual universities. The evidence shows that a large number of universities have fallen off the back of the pack, a few perform strongly and the rest chase the leaders.This type of uneven distribution is not pe

27、culiar to the UK and mirrored across other economic. In the UK, research is concentrate; less than 25% of universities receive 75% of the research funding. These same universities are also the institutions producing the greatest share of PhD graduates, science citations, patents and license income.

28、The effect of policies generating long-term resource concentration have also created a distinctive set of universities which are research-led and commercially active. It seems clear that the concentration of research and commercialization work creates differences between universities.The core object

29、ive for universities which are research-led must be to maximize the impact of their research efforts. These universities should be generating the widest range of social economic and environmental benefits. In return for the scale of investment they should share their expertise in order to build grea

30、ter confidence in the sector.Part of the economic recovery of the UK will be driven by the next generation of research commercialization spilling out of our universities. There are three dozen universities in the UK which are actively engaged in advanced research training and commercialization work.

31、If there was a greater coordination of technology transfer offices within regions and a simultaneous investment in the scale and functions of our graduate schools, universities could, and should, play a key role in positioning the UK for the next growth cycle.1.What does the author think of UK unive

32、rsities in terms of commercialization?2.What does the author say about the national data on UK universities performance in commercialization?3.We can infer from Paragraph 5 that “policy interventions” refers to （ ）.4.What does the author suggest research-led universities do?5.How can the university

33、sector play a key role in the UKs economic growth?问题1选项A.They fail to convert knowledge into money.B.They do not regard it as their responsibility.C.They still have a place among the world leaders.D.They have lost their leading position in many ways.问题2选项A.It masks the fatal weaknesses of government

34、 policy.B.It does not rank UK universities in a scientific way.C.It does not reflect the differences among universities.D.It indicates their ineffective use of government resources.问题3选项A.government aid to non-research-oriented universitiesB.compulsory cooperation between universities and industries

35、C.fair distribution of funding for universities and research institutionsD.concentration of resources in a limited number of universities问题4选项A.Publicize their research to win international recognition.B.Fully utilize their research to benefit all sectors of society.C.Generously share their faciliti

36、es with those short of funds.D.Spread their influence among top research institutions.问题5选项A.By establishing more regional technology transfer offices.B.By asking the government to invest in technology transfer researchC.By promoting technology transfer and graduate school education.D.By increasing

37、the efficiency of technology transfer agencies.【答案】第1题:C第2题:C第3题:D第4题:B第5题:C【解析】1.细节事实题。根据文章第三段，“from a relatively weak starting position, the UK now leads on many indicators of commercialization activity.”，可知英国从一个相对较弱的起点，现在在许多商业化活动的指标上处于领先地位。可判断出在作者看来英国大学的商业化在世界上仍然在世界上有一席之地，处于领先地位。因此选项C符合题意。2.细节事实题

38、。根据文章第四段，“Evidence suggests the UKs position is much stronger than in the recent past and is still showing improvement. But national date, asks the very large variation in the performance of individual universities.”，可知有证据表明，英国大学的地位比过去要稳定得多，而且仍在改善。但全国数据并没有反映出各所大学存在的巨大差异。因此选项C符合题意。3.词义理解题。根据文章第四段第一句，

39、“the policy interventions of the past decade have helped transform the performance of UK universities.”，可知过去10年的政策干预改变了英国大学，然后在下文提及了各个大学存在巨大的差异。第五段主要对这种分配不平均的现象进行了进一步阐述，这种现象不仅发生在英国，也存在于其他国家。又根据文章第五段，“The effect of policies generating long-term resource concentration have also created a distinctive s

40、et of universities which are research-led and commercially active.”，可知政策主导的长期资源集中化也造就了一批独特的大学，它们以研究为主导，并且商业化。可判断出policy interventions就是指资源集中的政策。因此现象D符合题意。4.细节事实题。根据文章第六段，“The core objective for universities which are research-led must be to maximize the impact of their research efforts. These univer

41、sities should be generating the widest range of social economic and environmental benefits.”，可知以研究为主导的大学的核心目标必须是最大限度地发挥其研究的影响。这些大学应该为社会、经济和环境各方面带来效益。可判断出这些研究型大学应该充分利用他们的研究成果造福于社会。因此选项B符合题意。5.判断推理题。根据文章最后一段，“If there was a greater coordination of technology transfer offices within regions and a simul

42、taneous investment in the scale and functions of our graduate schools, universities could, and should, play a key role in positioning the UK for the next growth cycle.”，可知如果各区域内的技术转移部门更有效的协调，同时加大研究生规模和功能的投资，大学应该能在英国下一轮经济增长中发挥关键作用。可判断出作者认为英国的大学可以通过促进技术转移和投资研究生院教育在经济增长中发挥作用。因此选项C符合题意。5.问答题Not all of t

43、he people like this movie. (popular)【答案】This movie is not popular in all of the people.6.单选题It was very kind of you to get me something for my birthday, but you （ ）me such an expensive present.问题1选项A.didnt need buyingB.neednt buyC.neednt have boughtD.hadnt needed to buy【答案】C【解析】考查语法结构。根据句意可知，这里指其实你没

44、有必要给我买这么贵重的礼物。neednt have done sth. 意为本没必要做某事却做了，所以选项C正确。7.单选题He knows little of Chinese, to say（ ）of Chinese culture.问题1选项A.somethingB.anythingC.nothingD.somebody【答案】C【解析】固定搭配。something “某事”；anything “任何事”；nothing “没什么事”；somebody “某人”。又根据固定搭配say nothing of “更不用说了”，可知句意：他一点都不了解中文，更别说中国文化了。因此选项C符合题意。

45、8.问答题He is warm-hearted, but this doesnt mean that he is bright. (follow)【答案】He is warm-hearted, which is not usually followed by brightness.9.单选题An interesting theory in economics is （1） by the Head Man of a small mountain tribe. It seems that this tribe was very good at making straw mats that had

46、great sales（2）in the（3）market. The representative of an American company went to visit the tribe and tried to make a good business deal. He（4）to the Head Man and（5） that his company would like to（6）several thousand pieces.Undoubtedly, he said, the business（7）would be（8）to the tribe. After some thoug

47、hts, the Head Man（9） , but announced that the price per piece would be（10）in such a（11）order than it would be if（12） a small order were placed. The representative was（13）than a little shocked（14）the business sense of the Head Man,（15）insisted that the price should be（16）because of the large volume,

48、and（17）not higher. No, replied the head of the tribe（18）. But why not? asked the American. Because（19）is so tiresome to make the（20）article over and over, answered the Head Man.问题1选项A.illustratedB.appreciatedC.demonstratedD.anticipated问题2选项A.capacityB.potentialC.abilityD.fortune问题3选项A.strawB.globalC

49、.worldD.earth问题4选项A.addressedB.spokeC.askedD.told问题5选项A.declaredB.confirmedC.demandedD.gestured问题6选项A.orderB.sellC.disposeD.make问题7选项A.treatyB.pactC.matterD.deal问题8选项A.effectiveB.efficientC.valuableD.profitable问题9选项A.agreedB.acceptedC.refusedD.received问题10选项A.lowerB.higherC.expensiveD.cheaper问题11选项A

50、.smallB.bigC.vastD.high问题12选项A.certainlyB.reallyC.onlyD.simply问题13选项A.greaterB.strongerC.lessD.more问题14选项A.fromB.ofC.atD.since问题15选项A.whoB.andC.thenD.therefore问题16选项A.lowerB.higherC.littleD.raised问题17选项A.neverB.reallyC.certainlyD.yet问题18选项A.weaklyB.happilyC.stubbornlyD.hesitatingly问题19选项A.heB.itC.wh

51、atD.work问题20选项A.similarB.beautifulC.alikeD.same【答案】第1题:C第2题:B第3题:C第4题:B第5题:A第6题:A第7题:D第8题:D第9题:A第10题:B第11题:B第12题:C第13题:D第14题:C第15题:C第16题:A第17题:C第18题:C第19题:B第20题:D【解析】（1）动词辨析题。illustrate举例说明，阐述；appreciate欣赏，感激；demonstrate展示，证明；anticipate预料，预期。句意：一个小山村部落的首领 一个有趣的经济学理论。根据关键词“theory”可知选项C“证实理论”最为恰当。（2）近

52、义词辨析题。capacity能力；potential潜力；ability能耐；fortune财富，运气。根据下文“一家美国公司的代表去拜访这个部落，试图达成一笔好生意。”说明这些草席是有销售潜力的，所以选项B更恰当。（3）考查固定用法。world market为固定用法，表示“国际市场，世界市场”。所以选项C正确。（4）近义词辨析题。根据句意可知，这里是想表达美国公司的代表对部落首领说。选项A太正式，一般用于书信表达；选项C意为请求，要求；选项D后面直接接sb.，不用介词to，所以只有选项B正确。（5）动词辨析题。declared宣称，断言；confirmed证实，批准；demanded要求；

53、gestured做手势。根据下文可知，这里指宣称他的公司将要订购几千个草席这件事件，所以选项A符合句意。（6）动词辨析题。order订购；sell售卖；dispose处理；make制造。根据上文可知，这里是订购草席，所以选项A正确。（7）考查固定搭配。business deal为固定搭配，意为“交易，生意”。选项D正确。（8）形容词辨析题。effective有效的；efficient有效率的；valuable有价值的；profitable有利可图的。根据原文可知，这里涉及到达成交易，所以对于部落来说应该是有利可图的，所以选项D符合语境。（9）上下文推断。根据下文“but announced t

54、hat.”可知，说明首领同意达成这笔交易，但是有一个条件。所以选项A正确。（10）上下文推断。根据下文的“shocked”可知，这里提出来的条件应该是不合理的。所以填空处应表示价格高，再根据后面的than可知，这里应填入比较级，所以选项B正确。（11）上下文推断。根据下文“than.a small order”可知，相对于小订单来说，这里应该是大笔的订单，两者形成比较。所以选项B正确。（12）副词辨析题。根据句意：如果仅仅只是下小订单的话，那么大笔订单中每件的价格要更高。选项C和D都有“仅仅”的意思，但simply强调简单，所以选项C更恰当。（13）考查固定用法。“more than a li

55、ttle”为固定用法，意为“十分，非常”。选项D正确。（14）考查固定搭配。“be shocked at”为固定搭配，意为“对感到震惊”。选项C正确。（15）考查逻辑连词。根据原文可知，美国公司的代表先是感到震惊，然后坚持认为价格应该更低。选项C更符合语境。（16）上下文推断。上文提到，部落首领认为大订单的单价要高于小订单的单价，美国公司的代表感到震惊，显然是觉得这个价格不合理，他觉得大订单的单价要低于小订单的单价，所以这里应填入“lower”，选项A正确。（17）副词辨析题。never从未，绝不；really真正地；certainly当然，必定；yet还，已经。根据句意：因为数量大，当然价格

56、不能更高。所以选项C符合语境。（18）副词辨析题。weakly虚弱地，无力地；happily快乐地；stubbornly固执地；hesitatingly踟躇地。根据首领的回答“No”可知，他固执的拒绝了，选项C符合语境。（19）考查语法结构。分析句子结构可知，本句真正的主语是后面的不定式，所以填空处应填入it做形式主语。选项B正确。（20）词组辨析题。similar和alike都表示相似的；same相同的；根据下文“over and over重复，一遍又一遍”可知，这里指重复做同样的事情，所以选项D正确。10.单选题Harvard Universitys under-graduate educ

57、ation is being reformed so that it includes some time spent outside the US and more science courses, the US Cable News Network (CNN) has reported. For the first time in 30 years, Harvard is （1）its under-graduate curriculum. William Kirby, dean of the faculty of arts and sciences, said this（2）what ma

58、ny people had said that Harvards curriculum did not provide enough choice and encourage premature specialization.“Harvard needs to（3）its education for a world where global connections, cross disciplinary research, and science in general are ever more important,” said Kirby.Particularly（4）is the idea

59、 that students need to spend time overseas, either in a traditional study-abroad program or over a summer, perhaps doing an internship or research.Students can either find the program themselves or（5）some exchange programs offered by the university.“（6）studying Chinese history without leaving the un

60、iversity, students interested in the subject should be spending a semester at a university in China.”It was also recommended that Harvard（7）its required “core curriculum”. The core curriculum was an effort created in 1978 to broaden education by requiring students to choose from a list of courses in