高考英语短文改错出题规律及应试策略

1、4/3一、总体分析高考英语短文改错解题规律及应试策略通过对历届高考英语短文改错题的深入研究和反复比拟 ,我们发现：高考英语短文改错的设错(即考点)很有规律 ,并且呈现出极强的稳定性。常规考点主要集中在动词、冠词、介词、连词、名 词、形容词和副词、各类从句引导词、行文逻辑等方面。进一步的研究还说明：动词：主要考查时态(每年必有)、非谓语动词(每年必有)、语态(有时有)等方面。 冠词：主要考查根本用法(冠词设错几乎每年都有)。名词：主要考查其可数性或单复数的使用情况等(几乎每年都有)。形容词：主要考查比拟等级、搭配、修饰、用法区别等(形容词设错几乎每年都有)。 副词：主要考查副词修饰其他词的正确性

2、 ,有时也考查搭配与行文逻辑方面的问题等。 代词：主要考查前后指代的一致性以及某些习惯用法等。并列连词：并列连词考查主要涉及行文逻辑。各类从句：包括状语从句、名词性从句、定语从句等。主要考查各类从句的引导词的正确使用 问题(大局部年份有)。二、解题思路(1)四查法解题原那么：瞻前顾后查名词 ,与时俱进查动词 ,启承转合查连词 ,文通理通查逻通篇考虑。快速浏览全文 ,把握文章的主要时态、人称及文章的主旨大意 ,顺便标记自己一 眼就能看出的错误。英语短文改错是以一篇短文作为材料 ,因此短文改错要考虑语篇结构中的句与 句之间的关系 ,依此来查出连词和逻辑承接语是否出错。依句查错。英语短文改错一般“题

3、以行出 ,错从句生 ,因此必须以句子而不是以每行为意 义单位来分析。分析复合句查连词 ,分析主句从句和单句查句法和语法错误 ,最后分析组成句子的 各局部查词法错误。瞻前顾后。分析时必须行行兼顾 ,甚至要注意后行与前几行之间的语义联系。仔细复查。做完题以后要快速把正确答案带入短文中默读一遍以便检查答案是否正确。按要求标准答题。对多词少词错词所做的标记一定要符合要求 ,切不可随心所欲 ,也不可在 一行中到处做标记。三、解题规律1.名词：单复数混用；不可数名词误用可数名词。如：One rainy day while I was walking home with one of myfriend,讲解

4、：one of 后跟名词的复数形式 ,应此应该把 friend 改为 friends。I gave him some advices onstudy.讲解：advice 为不可数名词 ,故应把 advices 改为 advice。常考的不可数名词有：progress ,information ,news ,equipment 等。2.动词：时态、主谓是否一致、语态、非谓语动词。如：时态混用I stood there and couldnt believe that a complete stranger is so thoughtful.讲解：很显然此句子主时态是一般过去式 ,因此应把 is

5、改为 was。主谓不一致There were a football game on TV last Saturday evening.讲解：句中 a football game 决定了谓语动词必须用单数 ,所以应该把 were 改为 was。语态主动、被动、虚拟等Dinosaurs were disappeared in the old times.恐龙消失were break out ,take place 等。非谓语动词 ,The hole became bigger and bigger. The air keeps the balloon up was escapingwas esca

6、ping ,keeping the balloon up,the air , keeps keeping。It was a lesson to us that it was possible give without expect anything in return.it is / wasadjto do sthit to do sthgive前加 to。without 是介词 ,介词后跟 V-ing 形式 ,故 expect 改为 expecting。3.形容词/副词：两者之间是否混用；级别的错误。如：so I grateful accepted theoffer.讲解：实意动词应用副词修

7、饰 ,故把 grateful 改为 gratefully。英语中形容词往往用来修饰名词或跟在系动词后作表语等；副词修饰动词、形容词、整个句子等。Speaking of all the songs he has written, I think this is probably his better-knownone.讲解：better-known 应该改为 best-known。三或三者以上比拟用最高级；句中 of all the songs 提供了信息。John studies much more harder than any of theothers.morealot ,rather等来

8、修饰。4.代词：代词一致；代词的格；代词误用。如：The Smiths did his best to make me feel athome.讲解：the Smiths 指“史密斯夫妇俩 ,因此应该把 his 改为 their。sits between Mary andI.讲解：between 是介词 ,介词后跟人称代词的宾格 ,故把 I 改为 me。I can express me in Englishfreely.讲解：me 改为 myself。当主语和宾语指的是同一个人时 ,宾语往往用反身代词。Ifinddifficulttomakefriendswithyou. 我发现跟你交朋友很难

9、。finditit。he preferred to give it to everyoneelse.讲解：根据句意 ,everyone 改为 someone。someone else 意为“其他人。5.介词：词组搭配名词词组、介词短语和短语动词中的介词错用、多余或缺漏；介词混用。如：介词缺漏Tell them something youre interested,讲解：be interested in sth 意为“对感兴趣 ,因此在 interested 后加 in。介词多余People like swimming in summer because of water makes them

10、feel cool.讲解：此题考查对 becauseof because of 去掉。介词用错(一般为固定搭配)Could you share your experiences for us?讲解：share sth. with sb.意思是“与某人分享某事 ,故把 for 改为 with。介词混用a truck came to a stop besides us.讲解：一辆卡车在我旁边停下来 ,因此把 besides 改为 beside。6.冠词：句中冠词是否多余；冠词误用。如：Although we have been members for a short period of time,

11、 we have made a greatprogress.讲解：progress 是不可数名词 ,故前不能用不定冠词 ,因此把 great progress 前的 a 去掉。I sat in the front of the TV at 7 oclock, when the game justbegan.infrontofsth in thefrontofsthin thefrontofsth指在事物(sth)prefertotravelin thefront ofthe car.(我愿意坐在汽车的前面)in frontofsth 是指事物(sth)外部空thecarstopsinfront

12、ofthehouse(汽车停在房前)the去掉。As we all left home at early age, we met lots of problems in our dailylife.anage “出于年龄at an early/tender “很小/年幼的时候and offered us a umbrella because.a 改为anaan honest manan mporant roe; a useful book ,a university。7.连词：前后两句之间的衔接关系；连词的混用。如：This man might need the umbrella himsel

13、f, and he preferred to give itto讲解：连词前后两个句子之间是转折关系 ,因此把 and 改为 but。I didnt review the text very well but I could only answer three out from the twenty questions.讲解：连词前后两个句子之间是因果关系 ,因此把 but 改为 so。此考点的关键在于判断行文逻辑正确与否。While I first entered my senior middle school, everything seemedunpleasant.讲解：while 作连

14、词 ,“当时 ,后跟的从句谓语动词须为延续性动词 ,因此把 while 改成 when。Although he made great progress, but he still workedhard.讲解：although / though 不能与 but 连用 ,因此把 but 去掉。8.数词：基数词序数词混用。如：We held a party on my sixteen birthday.讲解：把 sixteen 改为 sixteenth。9.句式that what which what 之间的转换等Im going to see the film I missed it lastFr

15、iday.it 去掉；I missed that 的定语从句 ,it 多余。My father has two brothers, both of them are all Party members.both of them both ofwhom。Chinese people have always been concerned about which has happened in yourarea.讲解：原文中需要一个连接词承接前后连个句子 ,这个连接词充当 be concerned about 引导宾语从句中的主语 ,所以应该把 which 改为 what。The problem was very difficult that no one could solveit.讲解：根据句意“这道题很难没有人能解答出 ,so /