2015年同等学力模拟试题2分析讲解

1、2015年同等学力人员申请硕士学位外国语水平全国统一考试（模拟试卷）ENGLISH QUALIFICATION TEST FOR MASTER-DEGREE APPLICANTSPart 1 Oral Communication (15 minutes 10 points)Section A: Directions: In this section, there are two dialogues between two speakers, each has three blanks and three choices marked A,B, and C taken from the dial

2、ogue. Fill in each of the blanks with the choices to complete the dialogue. Mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET.考试的时候将上下文的时间、人称、场景、身份、和口语习惯的应答结合起来，选择补充空缺部分。较为简单。信息-上下句Dialogue OneI havent got any definite plans yet Im afraid I cant （拒绝）Speaking (习惯用语)B: HelloA: Is this Helen?B: (1)_(电话应答)_. Whos it

3、?B: Oh, hi, its Tom.A: Oh, Tom, yes, Hello!B: Hows everything?A: Good! Whats up?B: I was wondering if you were free tomorrow?A: Tomorrow? Well, Um(2) _（邀请回应）_ Why?B: Im planning a ten year anniversary reunion with former classmates.A: really! How nice! What time?B: Tomorrow evening.A: oh, shoot! (3)

4、_（逻辑关系）_. Ive got an appointment with the boss. Dialogue Twoit broke down yesterday （主语+时态）About what （片段、插入语）my car is on its last legs （主语+时态）I am good. Um, Susan? Theres something I have to ask you?(4)_（逻辑顺延）_?Well, you know,_(5)_（主谓关系、时间）_, its really not holding up very well. Right. It acted up

5、 the other day I borrowed it from you. Sometimes, when I was driving the car, I wondered if I could ever make it to the destination. And it happened.It did?Yes, (6)_（时态顺延）_. Section B:Directions: In this section, there is an interview between two speakers , which has four blanks and four choices mar

6、ked A,B, C and D taken from the interview. Fill in each of the blanks with the choices to complete the interview. Mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET.一般会涉及一些专题或一些要解决的问题进行对话问答，比如社会、人文、环境、专业、就业等方面较为正式的话题。语言的难度也不会高于往年第二类题型里的成语习语的理解，相反，由于有了上下文的时态、人物关系、话题的相关性等等，这些访谈的内容更容易理解和猜想。由于我们有了对较为成语的表达语句和习惯有了扎实的基础

7、，加上上下文的帮助，此题也可以迎刃而解。A. When it is hot （大小写、片段）B. Well, that is a good question （客气回应）C. Just how many people are overweight? (信息)D. the hotter the climate （片段、结构）A: Mike, why are so many Americans overweight?B: Well, (7)_（回应）_, Yume. Youd think that with the current fitness craze in the U.S., there

8、wouldnt be so many overweight Americans.A:_(8)_（询问信息）_B: About 40% of Americans are overweight （逻辑顺延）. Interestingly, one study says that low-income groups have a higher percentage of overweight people than higher income families.A: are there any other facts like that in the study?B: Yes. The study

9、also said that (9)_（片段、逻辑、结构）_, the lower the percentage of obese people.A: That makes sense. (10)_（片段、句首）_, you usually dont feel like eating a lot.Part II Vocabulary (10 minutes, 10 points) Directions: In this section there are 10 sentences, each with one word or phrase underlined. Choose the one

10、from the 4 choices marked A, B, C and D that best keeps the meaning of the sentence. Then mark the corresponding letter with a single bar across the square brackets on your machine-scoring ANSWER SHEET.11The Lantern Festival is popularly regarded as （习惯搭配+介词）the Chinese Valentines Day because in day

11、s of old it gave girls and boys a rare chance to go out in the evening and mingle.A. referred to B. inferredfrom C. preferred D. conferred12He could hardly control his temper when he saw the state of his office. A. hold in （小词用法） B. hold up C. hold off D. hold out13The researchers have come up with

12、numerous explanations to justify their failures（大词换小词）Alead to Bcharge sb for Ccall for Daccount for 14 Although the false banknotes fooled many people, they could not live up to close examination. （小词换小词） A put up withB keep up with C stand up toD look up to15. We have been hearing positive account

13、s of your work.A favoredB favorable（同义词互换）C favoriteD favoring16Life is more important than the pressures and stresses that we place on ourselves over work and other commitments. （名词互换）Aappointments BarrangementsCobligations Ddevotions17She was _stubborn（拼写相似+习惯搭配_ in asking questions I dont know ho

14、w to answer. Insist on A. persistent in B. resistant to C. insistent on D. consistent with18They have not met for three years and have barely hardly seldom （副词互换）written anything to each other. A. apparently B. entirely C. scarcely D. slowly19In this glorious season, Durant has achieved great honor

15、and recognition around the world. （动词互换）A. attained B. contained C. reserved D. required20It was sad to watch her condition deteriorate day by day. （小词换大词）A sympatheticB patheticC passionateD potentialPart III Reading Comprehension (45 minutes, 25 points)Section ADirections: There are 4 passages in

16、this part. Each passage is followed by questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are 4 choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the best one and mark the corresponding letter with a single bar across the square brackets on your machine-scoring ANSWER SHEET.Text 1 （语义题的注意事项）For laymen et

17、hnology is probably the most interesting （第二题）of the biological sciences for the very reason that it concerns animals in their normal activities and therefore, if we wish, we can assess the possible dangers and advantages in our own behavioral roots. Ethnology also is interesting methodologically be

18、cause it combines in new ways （第二题）very scrupulous field observations with experimentation in laboratories.The field workers have had some handicaps in winning respect for themselves. For a long time they were considered as little better than amateur animal-watchers certainly not scientists, （第一题） s

19、ince their facts were not gained by experimental procedures: they could not conform to the hard-and-fast rule that a problem set up and solved by one scientist must be tested by other scientists, under identical conditions and reaching identical results. （第四题） Of course many situations in the lives

20、of animals simply cannot be rehearsed and controlled in this way. The fall flocking of wild free birds cant be, or the homing of animals over long distances, or even details of spontaneous family relationships. （第五题）Since these never can be reproduced in a laboratory, are they then not worth knowing

21、 about?The ethnologists who choose field work have got themselves out of this impasse by greatly refining the techniques of observing. At the start of a project all the animals to be studied are live-trapped, marked individually, and released. Motion pictures, often in color, provide permanent recor

22、ds of their subsequent activities. Recording of the animals voices by electrical sound equipment is considered essential, and the most meticulous notes are kept of all that occurs. With this material other biologists, far from the scene, later can verify the reports. Moreover, two field observers of

23、ten go out together, checking each others observations right there in the field.Ethnology, the word, is derived from the Greek ethos, meaning the characteristic traits or features which distinguish a group any particular group of people or, in biology, a group of animals such as a species. Ethnologi

24、sts have the intention of studying “the whole sequence of acts which constitute an animals behavior.” In abridged dictionaries ethnology is sometimes defined simply as the objective study of animal behavior, and ethnologists do emphasize their wish to eliminate myths.21. In the first sentence, the w

25、ord laymen means _.A.people who stand aside B.people who are not trained as biologistsC.people who are amateur biologists D.people who love animals22. According to the passage, ethnology is _A. a new branch of biology B. an old Greek scienceC. a pseudo-science D. a science for amateurs（更正）23. The fi

26、eld workers have handicaps in winning respect for themselves. This sentence means _.Win respect A.ethnologists when working in the field are handicappedB.ethnologists have problems in winning recognition as scientistsC.ethnologists are looked down upon when they work in the fieldD.ethnologists meet

27、with lots of difficulties when doing field work（更正）24. According to the explanation of the scientific rule of experiment in the passage, （语义题）“hard-and-fast” means experiment procedures _.A.are difficult and quick to followB.must be carried out in a strict and quick wayC.must be followed strictly to

28、 avoid false and loose resultsD.hard and unreasonable for scientists to observe25. The meaning of the underlined words in “the details of spontaneous family relationships” can be expressed as _.（语义题）A.natural family relationships B.quickly occurring family relationshipsC.animals acting like a natura

29、l familyD.animal family behavior that cannot be preplanned or controlledText 2The single greatest shift in the history of mass-communication technology occurred in the 15th century and was well described by Victor Hugo in a famous chapter of “Nortre-Dame de Paris”. It was a cathedral. On all parts o

30、f the giant building, statuary and stone representations of every kind, combined with huge windows of stained glass, told the stories of the Bible and the saints, displayed the intricacies of Christian theology, adverted to the existence of highly unpleasant demonic winged creatures, referred diplom

31、atically to the majesties of political power, and, in addition, by means of bells in bell towers, told time for the benefit of all of Paris and much of France. It was an awesome engine of communication.Then came the transition to something still more awesome. The new technology of mass communication

32、 was portable, could sit on your table, and was easily replicable, and yet, paradoxically, contained more information, more systematically presented, than even the largest of cathedrals. It was the printed book. Though it provided no bells and could not tell time, the over-all superiority of the new

33、 invention was unmistakable.In the last ten or twenty years, we have been undergoing a more or less equivalent shiftthis time to a new life as a computer-using population. The gain in portability, capability, ease, orderliness, accuracy, reliability, and information-storage over anything achievable

34、by pen scribbling, typewriting, and cabinet filing is recognized by all. The progress for civilization is undeniable and, plainly, irreversible. Yet, just as the books triumph over the cathedral divided people into two groups, one of which prospered, while the other lapsed into gloom, the computers

35、triumph has also divided the human race.You have only to bring a computer into a room to see that some people begin at once to buzz with curiosity and excitement, sit down to conduct experiments, ooh and ah at the boxes and beeps, and master the use of the computer or a new program as quickly as ath

36、letes playing a delightful new game, But how difficult it ishow grim and frightful!for the other people, the defeated class, whose temperament does not naturally respond to computers. The machine whirrs and glows before them and their faces twitch. They may be splendidly educated, as measured by boo

37、k-reading, yet their instincts are all wrong, and no amount of manual-studying and mouse-clicking will make them right. Computers require a sharply different set of aptitudes, and, if the aptitudes are missing, little can be done, and misery is guaranteed.Is the computer industry aware that computer

38、s have divided mankind into two new, previously unknown classes, the computer personalities and the non-computer personalities? Yes, the industry knows this. Vast sums have been expended in order to adapt the computer to the limitations of non-computer personalities. Apples Macintosh, with its zoomi

39、ng animations and pull-down menus and little pictures of file folders and watch faces and trash cans, pointed the way. Such seductions have soothed the apprehensions of a certain number of the computer-averse. This spring, the computer industrys efforts are reaching a culmination of sorts. Microsoft

40、, Bill Gates giant corporation, is to bring out a program package called Microsoft Bob, designed by Mr. Gates wife, Melinda French, and intended to render computer technology available even to people who are openly terrified of computers. Bobs principle is to take the several tasks of operating a co

41、mputer, rename them in a folksy style, and assign to them the images of an ideal room in an ideal home, with furniture and bookshelves, and with chummy cartoon helpers (“Friends of Bob”) to guide the computer user over the rough spots, and, in that way, simulate an atmosphere that feels nothing like

42、 computers.26. According to this passage, which of the following statements is NOT TRUE?A.It is because the cathedral of Notre-Dame in Paris had many bell-towers and could tell time to people that the writer regards it as an engine of mass communication.B.From cathedrals to books to computers the te

43、chnology of communication has become more convenient, reliable and fast.C.Every time when a new communication means triumphed over the old, it divided mankind into two groups.D.Computer industry has been trying hard to make people accept computers.27. The printed book is more progressive than the ca

44、thedral as a communication means, because _.A.it could sit on your table and did no longer tell timeB.it was more reliable and did not tell the stories of saints and demonsC.it was small, yet contained more informationD.it did not flatter religious and political power28. The word awesome in the pass

45、age means _. （语气题）A. frightening B. causing fear and respectC. amazingly new D. awful29. People who feel miserable with computers are those _.A.who love reading books and writing with a pen or a typewriterB.who possess the wrong aptitudes of disliking and fearing new thingsC.who have not been traine

46、d to use computersD.who are born with a temperament that does not respond to computers30. Melinda French designed Microsoft Bob which was to ease the misery of computer users by _.A.making users feel that they are not dealing with machinesB.making the program more convenient and cartoon-likeC.adding

47、 home pictures to the program designD.renaming the computer tasks in a folksy styleText 3 （推导和主旨题的注意事项）The folk songs have long been recognized as important keys to the thoughts and feelings of a people, but the dime novels, though sought by the collector and referred to in a general way by the soci

48、al historians, are dismissed with a smile of amusement by almost everyone else. Neither folk songs nor dime novels were actually created by the plain people of America. But in their devotion to the ways of expression, the people made them their own. The dime novels, intended as it was for the great

49、masses and designed to fill the pockets of both author and publisher, quite naturally sought the lowest common standard: themes that were found to be popular and attitudes that met with the most general approval. Moreover, the dime novels, reflecting a much wider range of attitudes and ideas than th

50、e folk songs, are the nearest thing we have had in this country to a true “proletarian” literature, that is, a literature written for the great masses of people and actually read by them. Although a study of our dime novels alone cannot enable anyone to determine what are the essential characteristi

51、cs of the American tradition, it can contribute greatly to that end. Sooner or later, the researchers who have done much work in American literature will almost certainly turn their attention to these novels and all that kind. Let no one think, however, that these novels once so eagerly devoured by

52、soldiers, lumberjacks, trainmen, hired girls, and adolescent boys now make exciting or agreeable reading even for the historians. As for the crowds today who get the thrill from the movies and the media, I fear that they would find these books of an earlier age deadly dull.31. The dime novels were m

53、ainly intended to _. （推导题）A.amuse the great masses of people B.make money for authors and publishersC.enrich the ways of expression in literature D.express the plain peoples thoughts and feelings32. The “lowest common standard” (Line 8, Paragraph 1) refers to _.A. the ways of expression people made

54、their own B. the standard disapproved of by the common peopleC. themes and attitudes accepted by the greatest number of people D. the standard that could reflect a wide range of attitudes and ideas33. “Proletarian” (Line 11, Paragraph 1) literature is written _.A. by the plain people interested in a

55、rtB. to raise peoples level of intelligence C. to reflect peoples thoughts and feelings D. for and read by the great masses of people34. The author believes that a study of dime novels would _.（推导题）A. contribute little to social historians researchB. attract literary researchers attention sooner or

56、later C. be sufficient in itself in exploring the American tradition D. not help determine the American traditions characteristics35. Which of the following statements is true? （主旨题）A. The dime novels of old time might not attract todays readers.B. The formal literature enables historians to underst

57、and common people.C. The dime novels are now attached great importance by social historiansD. The once widely read books now make interesting reading for historians.Text 4 （语气题注意事项）Scandinavian countries, particularly Sweden, experience drastically differing conditions during certain times of the ye

58、ar. During early summer, in June and July, there are only four hours of night. Even during those hours, the sky remains blue and resembles what we call dusk. During the summer month, Swedes are active well into the night, and streets are crowded with people. The mood is positive, energetic, and frie

59、ndly. In fact, human behavior seems to be significantly affected by the daily period of extensive sunlight. In Sweden, people with a history of depression appear to suffer more during sharp swings in light and dark cycles of spring and fall. Suicide attempts and electroshock treatments for severe de

60、pression are most popular then. Scandinavians report that they sleep several hours less each day during the summer than they do in the winter. Researchers say that when the human eye detects bright light, the result is a decrease in the hormone melatonin. This hormone regulates sleep and its reducti