英文字母及组合发音规律

1、常见的字母与字母组合发音规则元音字母及元音字母组合拼读规则元音字母的发音（一）元音字母a.重读开音节eipaper;late;make;lake;face.重读闭音节况bag;fat;cat;ladder;mass（*例外：any一些e&an许多e）.非重读音节同或i即：冏_ago_ongaljamong;above;aloudcomrade;village;managerce;privatenecklace*连续相同的辅音（字母），一般只发一个音，而且归属后一个音节段。如上的ladder,village.在字母w或wh后面，发was;wash;what;want;（*例外：water水d:）

2、.a在诸如-ance;-ask;-ass;-ast;-ath组合里，重读时均发即：dance;France;chanceask;mask;task;basketclass;grass;glass;（;*例外：mass女）fast;cast;past;last;master;father;path;ba（*例外：maths况）（二）元音字母e.重读开音节i:me;he;she;these;evening.重读闭音节ehen;get;set;tell;echo.非重读音节iuseless;ticket;basket;pocket;before;below;（三）元音字母i或y.重读开音节aiChi

3、na;try;my;hi;time;guide;.重读闭音节isit;hit;ill;little;system;.非重读音节iunit;study（四）元音字母o.重读开音节auno;so;go;home;photo;.重读闭音节dnot;hot;box;fox;cock;cost;.非重读音节apurpose;concern.o在字母m,n,v或th之前，均发八*ay在非重读音里i或eiSunday;Monday;Tuesday;Thursday;Friday.al+绝大多数辅音字母d:small;wall;call;；tahalk;walk.或3：lalso;always*al后面是k时

4、，只发3：al+f或m时，al发a:half;calm-al在词尾非重读(a)lmedal;metal例收卜canal运河，重音在后磔l).-ance在重读时a:nschance;dance;France在非重读时ansimportance;performance；ambulance.-ant非重读antassistant;importantpeasant.-ange一般怛切change;danger;st&ngang*ind).-age一般同3village;carriage;marriage.-ask一般重读时a:skask;mask;task;basket.-ass一般重读时a:scla

5、ss;glass;gras但massassl);(*.-ast一般重读时a:stlast;past;fast;cast-aste一般殳eistwaste;paste;taste.-ath一般a:0atlb;pathB;me(thss0)或a:dfather;rathe但gathejrsd).-au一般3:cause;autumn;Augfisbecaus*3)-augh(t)d(t)caught;taught;daughter(*例外：laughla:f).-aw3:draw;saw;law;awful.a在字母w或wh后面，a发3was;wash;want;但wwhaatter3;:)(*.

6、-ar重读音时a:party;car;farm;army;yard;hard;star在字母w或音w后面时d:war;warm;warn;towards;*quarter在非重读音时-abeggar;dollar;solar.-are一般-诩hare;bare;dare;stare;rare;care;parent.-air一般殳-eschair;fair;hair;pair;stair;repair.-able一般eiblable;cablee;tabble（二）元音字母e的组合.-ea重读音节有四个音，分别是下列：eai:team;meat;lead;teach;read;mean;ple

7、ase;seaethreat;bread;mea过去式和过去分词）；peasanteaiareal;reallyeaeigreat;break.-eei:feel;week;keep;three;steel;street;sweep;see*但是个例外：coffeei.-eeriadeer;pioneer;engineer;volunteer.-er重读音节a:her;term;service;Germany非重读aworker;paper;western;teacher特殊读法a:clerk.-ere电here;mere-ere或者发esthere;where.-ear有三种音，分别是：ea

8、raear;dear;near;clear;tear（n.）;beardearafearly;earth;learn;heardeara:heart*tear作为动词时，发归。.-eieieight;weigh;weight-eiaiheight-eii:receive.-ey重读怛口they;hey;survey-ey重读i:key-ey非重读imonkey;donkey;valley;volleyball*-et非重读itpocket;ticket;rocket.-ew一般3:new;few;knew-ew或者发u:grew;threw-ew还可以发ausew.-egeidcollege.

9、-estistbiggest;modest;happiest;.词尾的-ed在浊音后dlived;studied-ed在清音后tworked;finished-ed在字母t或d后idwanted;needed(三)元音字母i或y的组合.-ie在重读音节中，或在辅音字母前，发i:field;_piecej_achieve-ie在词尾ailie;die;tie.-igh(t)在重读音节ai(t)high;night;light;bright.-ir在重读音节a:girl;firm;circle;first;third.-ire在重读音节aiafire;tired;hire;retired;wire

10、.-ildaildchild;dwil.-indaindfind;kind;m;inwdind但;w(*indowind).-ing间ikg;wing;sing;doing;making8.-(a)tion(einnation;pronunciation;inform；actioomnposition8.-(a)tion(einnation;-stionJnquestion-sionfn或3mission使命；precisio精密.-ye在词尾aigood-bye;bye-bye.-ististlist;fist;(四)元音字母o的组合.-oa在重音时auboat;coat;road;goat

11、;toad-oar在重音时d:blackboard;aboard.-oi,-oy在重音时Diboiler;point;join;oilboy;_to上;_Joy;loyal.-oo一般口soon;too;zoo;room;noon;food;mood;b*单词room和其他名词构成合成词时，常发短音。如classroomu等等。在字母k或有时在t，d之前时ucook;look;book;took；;foot.-or在重音时d:for;horse;important;morning;born-or在字母w后面work;word;world;worse;worth(*但是wore,”例外，均发口:

12、)-or在非重音时amonitor;doctor;professor;forget;forwards;forgive;conductor.-oar一般5board;aboard;blackboard.-oor一般d:或在美式英语里发dadoor;floor-oor还发uapoor.-ore在重音时d:snore;more;before;foreign;forest.-ou一般心shout;loud;round;found-ou还发acountry;countrysidouble-ou还发u:wound;woLrnd.-ough(t)发)(t)ought;brought;bought;fough

13、t;thought(*例外：coughk3f).-oeautoe;hoe;Joe.-oldauldold;hold;cold;told.-ostaustpost;most;h例外卜cosgh)0sls(*).-our在重音时ausour;our;hour;还发3：four;course;pour还发uatour;gourd-our在词尾(非重音)acolour;neighbour;favourite.-ow在重音时aunow;cow;down;how;town-ow在重音或非重音中aulow;yellow;below;follow;growtomorrow;window;widow;know;

14、show（五）元音字母u的组合.-u在字母ll或sh之前，或者在字母b,p或f之后，均发也如：full;bull;pull;push;bush字母l,r或j+u构成的开音节，u发u:ule;uetr;uealun.-ue在词尾ju:argue;continue.-ui在字母j或r后面时，发u:fruit;juice-ui在字母b或g后面，或者紧接重音节后面的一个音节时发i如：build;guilty;biscuit（*即就是说字母u不发音）.-ur在重音时turn;return;Thursday;nurse;purse在非重音时asurprise;Saturday-ure在重音时(j)apur

15、ap;manuuej;sureu-tur发曲picture;future;mixture辅音字母及辅音字母组合的拼读规则辅音字母一般都发字母本身音,只有一些是特殊的,下面试列举如下:.b在一般情况下bbackbig；lab;brotherb和u在一起，u常发ibiding；build；busy-bt一般tdebt;doubt.c在字母e,i或y前面时scity;Bruce;juice；;fadeicyclecentralc在字母a,o或口或者在辅音字母前kcup;cold;cattle;duck;bicycle;cap;cut;class;c在词尾时也发k，但后面有e，那还发sgymnasti

16、ck;_musickgraces;Brucescc在元音字母a,o,u和辅音字母之前koccasion;according;occupy;accl;在元音字母e和i之前ksaccent;successci有时发Jsocialch有三种音tj或m如下：tJChina;rich;chick;chalkkschool;chemist;chemistry;chemical;ache;technolo；Jmachine;parachute;moustache-tchtjcatch;match;fetch;hatch;butcher-ckkduck;luck;ticket;pocket;black;coc

17、k3.d在一般情况下ddid;made;desk;duck;doubt;damage-ds发dzbirds;handsdr在元音字母前drdry;dress;driver;drill-dge一般dsbridge;fridge;judge;edge.f在一般情况下f_five;flageaflife;l.g在字母e,i或y前面口即large;general;gymnastics;age;energy*例外：give;forgive;get等,gfo发ejg在字母a,o或u,或者在辅音字母前g_goa匚;game;_guard_;ghost;glass在词尾也发gbigj_egg;_fig;fla

18、g吆讥川，即g不发音foreign;sign;gnaw-gh发f或-（*既不发音）-_high；_thought;light;broughtflaugh;cough-dge发dsbridge;knowledge;judge*gue-,gua-和gui-在词首时一般u都不发音guessjguest;guard;guide而-gue在词尾发gleague;colleague.h在一般情况下hhelp;behaveo;heH;hurryh在字母r或x后面不发音rhino;exhibition.j在一般情况下dsjoy;judge;injure;journey;January;jar;just.k在一

19、般情况下kking;milk;kick;kiss;lock;knockk后面是n时，k不发音，即kn发nknock;knee;know;knowledge;在元音字母前发l（*即“勒”音，供参考）_lightlook_;let;_lab;livel在辅音字母或词尾时发l（唧“尔”音，供参考）coldsell;chalk.m在一般情况下mmeet;meat;mother;come;make;Tomm后面是bm后面是b时,b不发音，即-mb发mcomb;tombclimbbomber.n在一般情况下nin;now;next;ton;nestn在m后面时，n常不发音，即-mn发mautumn;col

20、umn但后面有后缀或构成合成词，则n还要发音的autumnal;columnist-ng常发由或发由ng;ing_;English;young发qgfingeryounger;language-nk常发q幻tfik;sink;sank;sunk;ink;thank.p在一般情况下pmaPj_cap_；_people;pest-phfphoto;phantom;philosophy;physics;phrase.que在一般情况下kunique;chequequ一般殳发kwquarter;quick;quilt;quiet;quite;queen.r在元音字母前才发音r（*即音同“略”供参考）r

21、oomreadjrest;aroundr在辅音字母或词尾前，一般不发音car;_star;jarrh在元音字母前只发rrhyme;rhino;rhetoric.s在词首和词尾、清辅音之前或之后，或者在词尾同时在短元音之后，一般发s如：see;some;set;sister;works;lips;newspaper;注：一条发音习惯，欧美人在发s音后面的清辅音时，习惯上把该清辅音发成相对应的浊辅音（而书写音标的时候，还是写成清辅音），试举例如下：如：school-音标sku：而习惯念成sgu:l$仃00匕-音标$tr而习惯念成sdri:tstubborn-音标sth而习惯念成sdhnstuden

22、t-音标stju:n而环惯念成sd:jduntspace-音标spei_习惯念成sbeissteal-音标st而习惯念成sdi:l就是这样，像这样的单词还有很多。这里只列举这么多了。s在两个元音之间或者在浊辅音和元音之间时，发z如：these;_nosese;rise_;wisdom;observe词尾的$在浊辅音或元音之后（即在浊音之后），发z如：pigs;plays;flags;eggs;toys;boys词尾的s在长元音之后，发zhers;jourss还可以发J_sure;Russiash一般发山sheep;ship;wish;show;shift;fishsch一般情况下skschoo

23、l;s计em)e(sion一般情况下Jntension;succession在元音字母后3ndecision;conclusionsure在元音字母后3ameasure;pleasure16.在一般情况下ttooth；cat;teach;tool;hitcut;let;ten;table;taste;-th一般发8或回,即发8thin;tooth;youth;think;thigh发Athat;with;this;these;those-trtrtry;trust;trip;trouble;tree;street-tionJninformation;organization;pronunciation;production