口腔颌面部损伤(0001)课件

1、口腔颌面部损伤口腔颌面部损伤Vocabularyabrasion擦伤adjacent tooth邻牙alar鼻翼的antibiotics抗生素anti-infection抗感染anuria无尿arch bar牙弓夹板arterial动脉的asphyxia窒息bandage绑带bite wound咬伤blood supply血供bustup斗殴capillary毛细血管的cerebral脑的cerebral fluid脑脊液cervical颈的concussion震荡contaminate污染contusion挫伤2022/10/52Vocabularyabrasion擦伤adjacent t口

2、腔颌面部损伤(0001)课件口腔颌面部损伤(0001)课件Vocabularyobstructive asphyxia阻塞性窒息occlusion咬合oral cavity口腔oral hygiene口腔卫生orbit眼眶pain-killer止痛剂paralysis瘫痪paranasal sinus副鼻窦parotid gland腮腺percussion叩诊periodontal ligament牙周韧带petechia瘀斑，瘀点pharyngeal cavity咽腔plasma血浆psychological心理的psychotherapy精神疗法rabies狂犬病regenerate再生r

3、eimplantation再植rescue营救，抢救2022/10/55Vocabularyobstructive asphyxiaVocabularyrespiratory呼吸的saliva涎液，唾液salivary涎液的shock休克skull base颅底stomatognathic口颌的subdermal皮下的swallow吞咽sweat出汗tetanus破伤风toothache牙疼toxic shock中毒性休克transportation运输，搬运trauma损伤，外伤trigeminal nerve三叉神经unconsciousness神志不清upper airway上呼吸道va

4、ccination接种疫苗venous静脉的viscera内脏2022/10/56Vocabularyrespiratory呼吸的salivaDefinition of traumatrauma noun C or Usevere emotional shock and pain caused by an extremely upsetting experience:the trauma of marriage breakdownHe had psychotherapy to help him deal with his childhood traumas.SPECIALIZED a seve

5、re injury, usually caused by a violent attack or an accident(from Cambridge Advanced Learners Dictionary)2022/10/57Definition of traumatrauma noSection 1 IntroductionWarIncidenceTraffic AccidentSportsFallingBustupLabor injury2022/10/58Section 1 IntroductionWarInci24万14.2万人10亿元1993年1997年2001年30万19万人1

6、8.5亿元75.5万54.6万人3.09b RMBFinancial Loss致伤人数No of traffic accidentTraffic Accident2022/10/5924万14.2万人10亿元1993年1997年2001年30Traffic Accident2022/10/510Traffic Accident2022/10/210 Combined injury to other viscera -Fatal to life Damage to maxillofacial structure Stomatognathic dysfunction Facial esthetic

7、 problem Psychological traumaEffect of Trauma on the Human Body2022/10/511 Combined injury to other visc1. Rich blood supplySection 2 Characteristics of OMF Trauma2022/10/5121. Rich blood supplySection 2 Debridement Time: 24 48 hTend to hematoma, edemaRespiratory tractAsphyxiaAbility to anti-infecti

8、on, regenerationWound healing1. Rich blood supply2022/10/513Debridement Time: 24 48 hTen Cerebral concussion Cerebral contusion Intracranial hematoma Skull base fracture Increase infectious incidence Malocclusion caused - Diagnosis Occlusion regained - Treatment2. Relationship btw tooth & OMF trauma

9、3. Cranio-cerebral trauma2022/10/514 Cerebral concussion IncrMouth opening, mastication, swallowing4. Cervical trauma5. Effect on breathing6. Effect of on digastric systemBleedingParalysis瘫痪Leading difficulty breathingdietworse oral hygieneAsphyxia 窒息2022/10/515Mouth opening, mastication, sw7. Multi

10、-sinus- contamination InfectionOral cavityNasal cavityPharyngeal cavityOrbitParanasal sinusBacteriaTempHumidity2022/10/5167. Multi-sinus InfectionOral c8. Damage to specific structureParotid GlandFacial N. Trigeminal N.Salivary fistulaFacial paralysisRegional numbness2022/10/5178. Damage to specific

11、 structur9. Facial Defect Facial contour Psychological trauma2022/10/5189. Facial Defect Facial contouEvaluate trauma soonIdentify the key trauma, manage the fatal firstCareful history taking, thorough physical examRescue in timeManagement in orderGeneral RulesSection 3 Rescue2022/10/519Evaluate tra

12、uma soonGeneral Ru1. Prevention of AsphyxiaSection 3 Rescue2022/10/5201. Prevention of AsphyxiaSectiDysphoria, sweating, inhaling respirationDifficult to inhale, hypopnea, nasal alar movement, labial cyanosisThree concave signs、Rapid breathing, weak pulse, decreased BPPupils diluted, No reflection t

13、o light1.1 Clinical features of asphyxiaProdrome2022/10/521Dysphoria, sweating, inhaling 1.2 Etiology of Asphyxia Foreign body obstructionInspiratory AsphyxiaLow AirwaySwellingForeign bodyBlood, salivaVomitUpper airwayTissue dislocation Obstructive Asphyxia2022/10/5221.2 Etiology of Asphyxia Forei1.

14、3 Rescue of AsphyxiaClear foreign body in upper airwaySuspend maxillaIntubationHold the tongue outObstructive Asphyxia 吸入性窒息气管切开术2022/10/5231.3 Rescue of AsphyxiaClear fo 2. Hemostasia Two steps：Judge bleeding situationChoose the way to stop bleedingSection 3 Rescue2022/10/524 2. Hemostasia Two step

15、s：Judge2.1 Judge bleeding situationThree categoriesArterialCapillaryVenousBased on origin2022/10/5252.1 Judge bleeding situationTh压迫止血指压止血法包扎止血法填塞止血法结扎止血法药物止血法2.2 Methods of hemostat 2022/10/526压迫止血指压止血法包扎止血法填塞止血法结扎止血法药物止血法23. Anti-shock treatment(2) Purpose of anti-shock(1) Definition & Classificat

16、ion Traumatic shockExsanguine shock 20% Body weightToxic shockInfectious shock Restore circulation2022/10/5273. Anti-shock treatment(2) Pur(4) Principles of Treatment (3) Features of ShockEarly stage: Dysphoria, quick & superficial breath, sweating, palenessMiddle stage: Tingle to supression, emotio

17、nal faint, unconsciousness, decrease BP, labial palenessLate stage: weaker pulsation, unmeasurable BP, hyponuria, anuria 30ml/hHemostasis, blood transfusion, pain control, fluid transfusion, sedation2022/10/528(4) Principles of Treatment (1) Judgement4. Combined Craniocerebral InjuriesConsciousness,

18、 pulse, BP, respiration, pupil(2) Early discovery, early managementRetrograde obliviscenceCerebral concussionIntermediate wake-upExtradural hematomaCerebral fluid leakSkull base fracture2022/10/529(1) Judgement4. Combined Crani2022/10/5302022/10/230DebridementWound closureAntibiotics5. Prevention of

19、 Infection6. Bandage & Transportation2022/10/531Debridement5. Prevention of InSection 4 Soft Tissue Trauma2022/10/532Section 4 Soft Tissue TraumAbrasions 擦伤Contusions挫伤Contusions & Lacerations挫裂伤Incised & Puncture Wound切割伤及刺伤 Bite Wound 咬伤 Types of injuriesSection 4 Soft Tissue Trauma2022/10/533Abra

20、sions 擦伤Types of injuCharacter: Irregular wound edge, foreign body, pain, oozing & yellowish plasma oozingManagement: Debridement, remove foreign body, Dry wound, drain when infected1. AbrasionsProperty: rough surfaceEpidermis & superficial dermis2022/10/534Character: Irregular wound edg1. Abrasions

21、2022/10/5351. Abrasions2022/10/2352. ContusionsCharater: petechia, swelling, painManagement: HemostasisPain-killerPrevention of infectionHematoma resorptionRe-establishment of functionProperty: blunt material & fell to hard objectSubdermal tissue (no open wound)2022/10/5362. ContusionsCharater: pete

22、chiProperty: Blunt object with high mechanical force3. Contusions & LacerationsCharacterIrregular wound edge, saw-toothedBig lacerationw/wo necrotic tissue & open fracturesManagementDebridementWound ClosureSoft tissue2022/10/537Property: Blunt object with hi3. Contusions & Lacerations2022/10/5383. C

23、ontusions & Lacerations202Property: Sharp object or instruments4. Incised & Puncture WoundCharater Regular wound edgeBleedingSmall access, but deep woundManagementDebridementWound closureSoft tissue2022/10/539Property: Sharp object or insProperty: Animal (Wolf, dog, Bear) or human beingsCharacterToo

24、th tracedHeavy contaminationTend to infectionManagementThorough debridementInfection controlSkin graft after granular tissue regeneratedVaccination of Tetanus, Rabies5. Bite Wound2022/10/540Property: Animal (Wolf, dog, BDefinitionDebridement Main Entry: debridement Pronunciation: di-brEd-m&nt, dA-,

25、-mnt, dA-brEd-mnFunction: nounEtymology: French dbridement, from dbrider to remove adhesions, literally, to unbridle, from Middle French desbrider, from des- de- + bride bridle, from Middle High German brIdel - more at BRIDLE: the surgical removal of lacerated, devitalized, or contaminated tissue202

26、2/10/541DefinitionDebridement MainProtocol1. wash wound Time：6-12h Solution: soap water, saline, hydrogen dioxideDebridement3. Closure2. Clean wound Removal of foreign body Trimming of necrotic tissue2022/10/542Protocol1. wash woundDebrideme2022/10/5432022/10/243Cheek injuriesPalate injuriesInjuries

27、 at other regionsManagement of soft tissure injuriesTongue injuries Length maintain, longitudinal closureIndependent closure, but tongue suture dominationBig needle with big, depth suturing or matric suturing2022/10/544Cheek injuriesManagement of soManagement of soft tissure injuries2022/10/545Manag

28、ement of soft tissure inj2022/10/5462022/10/246Section 5 Injury of Teeth and Dental Alveolar Process2022/10/547Section 5 Injury of Teeth an1. Tooth injuries 1.1 Contusion of TeethEtiology: Extrinsic force blunt tooth injuriesPeriodontal ligaments or dental pulpCharacter: Extrusion of toothMobilityPe

29、rcussion & Toothache when chewingManagementTooth restTooth groundSimple ligation2022/10/5481. Tooth injuries 1.1 Contusio1. Tooth injuries 1.2 Luxation of TeethClassificationCharacterTooth dislocated or exfoliatedManagementTooth protection priorityReductionFixationReimplantationPartial luxationCompl

30、ete luxation- Tooth dislocation- Semi luxation- Intrusive movement2022/10/5491. Tooth injuries 1.2 LuxationGingival or labial swelling, lacerationAdjacent teeth or alveolar process movement when one affected tooth touchedFragment dislocation, MalocclusionIn accordance with tooth luxation or fracture2. Fracture of Alveolar Process