上海市徐汇区2018届高三下学期学习能力诊断(二模)英语试题

1、2017学年第二学期徐汇区学习能力诊断卷高三英语试卷（满分140分，考试时间120分钟）2018.4ListeningComprehensionSectionADirections:InSectionA,youwillheartenshortconversationsbetweentwospeakers.Attheendofeachconversation,aquestionwillbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid.Theconversationsandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaconversationandthe

2、questionaboutit,readthefourpossibleanswersonyourpaper,anddecidewhichoneisthebestanswertothequestionyouhaveheard.A.Worriedandfrightened.C.Quiteembarrassed.A.Billhasneverusedacalculator.A.Worriedandfrightened.C.Quiteembarrassed.A.Billhasneverusedacalculator.C.Billisworkingwithacalculator.A.Tocuthisjea

3、nsshort.C.Towearfittedclothes.A.Havinganinterview.C.Talkingwithafriend.A.Putherreportonhisdesk.C.Mailherreporttothepublisher.A.Makesomecoffee.C.Continuetoread.D.Deeplyashamed.Billcanworkbetterwithoutacalculator.D.Billneedsacalculatorforthiswork.Togoonadiet.D.Tobuyapairofjeans.Fillingoutaform.D.Askin

4、gforinformation.Readsomepapersherecommended.D.Improvesomepartsofherpaper.Meetthewomanatthelibrary.D.Gooutwithsomefriends.A.Themanshouldbuyadifferentmealticketeverymonth.Buyingthemealticketwontsavethemananymoney.Itisbetterforthemantopayforeachmealseparately.Thepriceofamealmayvaryfrommonthtomonth.A.Sh

5、esupsetthatshemissedthetelevisionprogram.Shedoesntthinkthetelevisionprogramwasfunny.Shedoesntliketalkingabouttelevisionprograms.Shewatchedthetelevisionprogramatafriendshouse.B.Hehasntreadthenovelyet.D.Heisnotinterestedinthenovelatall.B.Hehasntreadthenovelyet.D.Heisnotinterestedinthenovelatall.B.They

6、havecometoageneralagreement.D.Thetalksbrokedownandwentnofurther.Heenjoyedreadingthenovelalot.A.Thetalkshaventstartedyet.Thetalkshaventachievedmuch.SectionBDirections:InSectionB,youwillheartwoshortpassagesandonelongerconversation,andyouwillbeaskedseveralquestionsoneachofthepassagesandtheconversation.

7、Thepassagesandtheconversationwillbereadtwice,butthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Whenyouhearaquestion,readthefourpossibleanswersonyourpaperanddecidewhichonewouldbethebestanswertothequestionyouhaveheard.Questions11through13arebasedonthefollowingpassage.A.Theylearnsinginganddancing.Theyworkonthefarmfo

8、rcharity.A.Theylearnsinginganddancing.Theyworkonthefarmforcharity.A.Onthebeach.B.Inapark.A.Itisrunonaprofit-makingbasis.Fanscanhavefreelunchthere.Theyattendoutdoormusicfestivals.Theyvolunteertoworkforothers.Onafarm.D.Inastadium.Ithasachievedgrowingsuccess.Onlysuperstarsareinvitedtoperform.Questions1

9、4through16arebasedonthefollowingpassage.A.Thenumberofrefugeesisincreasingsharply.Mostrefugeescannotgetnecessaryservices.Manyrefugeechildrencannotreceiveeducation.Morechildrencannotaffordtogotouniversity.A.Nohostnationswanttochangeeducationsystems.Itisimpossibletofindsomanyextrateachers.Parentscantaf

10、fordtosendtheirkidstoschool.Therefugeepopulationgrowsbuttheresnotenoughmoney.A.Thenecessityofeducation.Theprohibitionofchildlabor.Thevictimsofarmedconflicts.Thelivingconditionsofthepoor.Questions17through20arebasedonthefollowingconversation.A.Ithasstartedaweek-longpromotioncampaign.Ithasjustlaunched

11、itsannualanniversarysales.Itoffersregularweekendsalesalltheyearround.Itspecializesinthesaleofmenssuits.A.Pricereductionsforitsfrequentcustomers.Giftcardsforcustomerswithanypurchases.Freedeliveryofpurchasesforseniorcustomers.Priceadjustmentswithinsevendaysofpurchase.A.Mailagiftcardtoher.C.Creditittoh

12、eraccount.A.Mailagiftcardtoher.C.Creditittoheraccount.A.Ithasalreadybeensoldout.C.Itisnotavailableforthemoment.B.Allowhertobuyoncredit.Givehercashdirectly.B.Itwillbesenttothewomanbymail.Itisoneoftheitemsonsale.II.GrammarandVocabularySectionADirections:Afterreadingthepassagebelow,fillintheblankstomak

13、ethepassagecoherentandgrammaticallycorrect.Fortheblankswithagivenword,fillineachblankwiththeproperformofthegivenword;fortheotherblanks,useonewordthatbestfitseachblank.TravelingFrogStimulatesReflectionAfreemobilegameaboutatravelingfroghasbecomeahitinChina,(21)beingavailableonlyinJapanese.CalledTabika

14、eru:TravelFrog”，themaincharacterofthegameisafrogthatgoesonadventuresaroundJapan.Playerscollectclovers(四叶草)thatgrowinthefrogsgarden(22)theycanusethemtobuysuppliesforthefrogsjourneys.Inturn,thefrogsendsplayerssouvenirsandsnapshotsfromitstravels.Userscannotcontrolwhenthefrogchoosestogoonitsadventures.W

15、hilenewsofthegamesappealamongmobilephoneusersonthemainlandwasfirstreportedonbylocalmediaoutletslastweek,itspopularityhasntdecreasedinanywaysince:TravelFrog”onMondaywasstillrankedfirstonalistofthemost(23)(download)gamesfromApplesappstoreinChina.Itisbeingwidelydiscussedonsocialmedia,(24)userspostphoto

16、softheirfrogsadventures.BehindthecrazeisJapanesegamedeveloperHit-Point,whichwaspreviouslybest-knownforcreatingthepopularcat-collectinggameNekoAtsume”.Eventhough(25)isdifficulttopinpointwhathasdriveninterestamongmainlandusersinTravelFrog”,localmediaoutletsreportedthatthegamesslownaturewaspartofitscha

17、rm.ThegamewaspopularasittappedthetrendamongyoungergenerationsinChinatosearchoutZen-likeactivities”，ChinaDailysaid,(26)(add)thatthoseusersweretakenwithitsBuddha-stylegameplay”.ButnoteveryoneisthrilledaboutTravelFrog”.InapostonsocialmediaplatformWeibolastweek,thestate-runPeoplesDailysuggestedthatpeopl

18、e(27)aimtoenrichthemselvesandavoidbeingalonelyfrog-raisingyouth”.AsanindicationofthepopularityoftheTravelFrog”,ApplehasalreadyhadtoremovefromitsstoreanappthatappearedtobetheChineseversionoftheoriginal,theSouthChinaMorningPostreported.Thatversionofthegame,which(28)(create)byadevelopercalledSongYang,c

19、hargedusers30yuan($4.74)todownloadthegame.OnMonday,anotherfree-to-downloadappavailableontheappstoreclaimeditofferedstrategiesandguidesinChinesethatplayerscouldadopt(29)(improve)gameplay.WhileHit-Pointhasnotrespondedtoinquiriesabout(30)itintendstodevelopversionsofthegameinotherlanguagesornot,thecompa

20、nydidputoutanEnglishupdateforNekoAtsume”in2015.SectionBDirections:Completethefollowingpassagebyusingthewordsinthebox.Eachwordcanonlybeusedonce.Notethatthereisonewordmorethanyouneed.alarmingB.propertiesC.revealedD.invasiveE.rescueF.instrumentalG.householdsH.documentI.concernedJ.amateurK.initiativesBe

21、foresciencebecameprofessionalizedinthe19thcentury,_(31)_naturalistswerecollectinginformationandhelpingusunderstandthenaturalworld.A2009studyfoundthatnearly50%ofUK_(32)_feedwildbirds.TheNationalTrusthasmorethan5millionmembers,and60,000activevolunteershelpingtoprotectthecountrysideaswellashistoric_(33

22、)_.Now,withourenvironmentarguablyundergreaterthreatthaneverandspeciesdecliningata(n)_(34)_rate,volunteersareonceagainattheforefrontofeffortstolimitthedamage.Volunteersandenthusiastscanbepowerfuldriversforbigchanges.OntheIsleofMan,morethan8,000people(nearly10%ofthepopulation)areinvolvedinregularweeke

23、ndbeachcleans.Atonerecentevent,123volunteersturnedupandremoved183bagsoflitterinjustacoupleofhours.Thanksto_(35)_suchasthis,theislandsharesUnescobiospherereservestatuswiththeGalapagos,YellowstoneintheUS,UluruinAustralia,andhundredsofothersites.Recreationaldiversaremakingarealdifferenceunderwatertoo.T

24、heymonitorthespreadof_(36)_species,andrecordhownativespeciesrespond.Diversalso_(37)_levelsofmarinelitterandotherhumanimpacts.Volunteerdivershaveplayedanimportantroleincollectinginformationaboutmarineconservationzones.Volunteershavealsomadeavitalcontributiontotheconservationofbaskingsharks.Theworkofa

25、citizenscienceBaskingSharkProjectinthe1980sand90swas_(38)_ingettingthesesharksontheprotectedspecieslistintheUK,whilesatellitetagging_(39)_thefirstrecordedtransatlanticcrossingbyabaskingshark.Volunteersandenthusiastscanbepowerfuldriversforbigchanges.Noonecanknowbetter,orcaremoreabout,ourmostspecialpl

26、acesthanthepeoplewholiveinthemandgiveuptheirfreetimetolookafterthem.Asagroupofdiversand_(40)_residentswholivedontheshoresofthebay,theytooktheircampaignontonationalandinternationalstagesandcontinuetoinspirepeoplewhomightotherwisefeelpowerlesswhenfacedwiththreatstotheplacesthatmattertothem.ReadingComp

27、rehensionSectionADirections:ForeachblankinthefollowingpassagetherearefourwordsorphrasesmarkedA,B,CandD.Fillineachblankwiththewordorphrasethatbestfitsthecontext.Deliberatepracticereferstoaspecialtypeofpracticethatispurposefulandsystematic._(41)_regularpracticemightincludemindlessrepetitions,deliberat

28、epracticerequiresfocusedattentionandisconductedwiththespecificgoalofimproving_(42)_.Thegreatest_(43)_ofdeliberatepracticeistoremainfocused.Inthebeginning,showingupisthemostimportantthing.Butafterawhilewebegintocarelessly_(44)_smallerrorsandmissdailyopportunitiesforimprovement.Thisisbecausethenatural

29、tendencyofthehumanbrainisto_(45)_repeatedbehaviorsintoautomatichabits._(46)_,whenyoufirstlearnedtotieyourshoesyouhadtothinkcarefullyabouteachstepoftheprocess.Today,aftermanyrepetitions,yourbraincanperformthissequence_(47)_.Themorewerepeatataskthemoremindlessitbecomes.Mindlessactivityisthe_(48)_ofdel

30、iberatepractice.Thedangerofpracticingthesamethingagainandagainisthatprogressbecomes_(49)_.Toooften,wethinkwearegettingbettersimplybecausewearegainingexperience.In_(50)_,wearemerelyreinforcing强)ourcurrenthabits一notimprovingthem.Claimingthatimprovementrequiresattentionandeffortsoundslogicalenough.Butw

31、hatdoesdeliberatepracticeactuallylooklikeintherealworld?Thefirsteffectivefeedbacksystemis_(51)_.Thisholdstrueforthenumberofpagesweread,thenumberofpushupswedo,thenumberofsalescallswemake,andanyothertaskthatisimportanttous.Itisonlythroughmeasurementthatwehaveany_(52)_ofwhetherwearegettingbetterorworse

32、.Thesecondeffectivefeedbacksystemiscoaching.Oneconsistentfindingacrossdisciplinesisthatcoachesareoftenessentialfor_(53)_deliberatepractice.Inmanycases,itisnearlyimpossibletobothperformataskandmeasureyourprogressatthesametime.Goodcoachescantrackyourprogress,findsmallwaystoimprove,andholdyou_(54)_tode

33、liveringyourbestefforteachday.Deliberatepracticeisnotacomfortableactivity.Itrequiressustainedeffortandconcentration,butifyoucanmanagetomaintainyourfocusand_(55)_,thenthepromiseofdeliberatepracticeisquitetempting:togetthemostoutofwhatyouvegot.41.A.SinceB.WhetherC.WhileD.As42.A.awarenessB.performanceC

34、.enjoymentD.intelligence43.A.equivalentB.ambitionC.challengeD.appeal44.A.overlookB.insertC.detectD.implement45.A.transportB.translateC.transplantD.transform46.A.ForexampleB.OnthecontraryC.AsaresultD.Ontheotherhand47.A.carelesslyB.accuratelyC.instantlyD.automatically48.A.outcomeB.enemyC.sourceD.subst

35、itute49.A.distractedB.imposedC.assumedD.noted50.A.realityB.despairC.contrastD.return51.A.encouragementB.complimentC.measurementD.management52.A.motivationB.proofC.troubleD.concern53.A.resistingB.eliminatingC.definingD.sustaining54.A.accountableB.opposedC.addictedD.parallel55.A.existenceB.commitmentC

36、.dignityD.perspectiveSectionBDirections:Readthefollowingthreepassages.Eachpassageisfollowedbyseveralquestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Choosetheonethatfitsbestaccordingtotheinformationgiveninthepassageyouhavejustread.(A)Haveyoueverhadtheexperienceoftalkin

37、gtosomeoneandyouthinktheyarelying?Well,youarenotalone.Weveallhadthatfeeling.Butdidyouknowthatthereareseveralthingsyoucanlookfortoseeifyouarebeingliedto?Sometimesyoucantellifapersonislyingbyobservingwhattheydowiththeirbody.Whenpeoplearelyingtheytendnottomovetheirarms,handsorlegsveryfarfromtheirbody.T

38、heydontwanttotakeupverymuchspacebecausetheydontwanttobenoticed.Sometimesapersonwhoislyingwillnotlookyouintheeyes.Othertimespeoplewholietrytolookatyouinastrongwaybecausetheywanttoconvinceyoutheyaretellingthetruth.Liarsalsousedeflection.Forexample,ifyouaskaliarthequestion“DidyoustealFatimasbag?”，theym

39、ayanswerwithsomethinglikeFatimaismyfriend.WhywouldIdothat?”Inthissituationthepersonistellingthetruth,buttheyarealsonotansweringthequestion.Theyaretryingtodeflectyourattention.Liarsmayalsogivetoomanydetails.Theymaytrytoover-explainthings.Theydothisbecausetheywanttoconvinceyouofwhattheyaresaying.Often

40、whenapersonislying,theydonotwanttocontinuetalkingabouttheirlie.Ifyouthinksomeoneislying,quicklychangethesubject.Ifthepersonislying,theywillappearmorecomfortablebecausetheyarenottalkingabouttheirlieanylonger.Alittlelater,changethesubjectbacktowhatyouweretalkingaboutbefore.Ifthepersonseemsuncomfortabl

41、eagain,theymaybelying.Itsveryhardforaliartoavoidfillingsilencecreatedbyyou.Heorshewantsyoutobelietheliei)eingwoven;silencgivesnofeedbackonwhetherornotyouV3ughtthestoryIfyoureagoodlistener,youllalreadybeavoidinginterruptions,whichinitselfisagreattechtoletthestoryunfold.Justbecauseapersonisshowingthes

42、ebehaviors,itdoesnotmeantheyarelying.Theymightbeshyornervous.But,ifyouthinksomeoneislyingyoumightwanttousesomeofthesetechniques.Hopefully,youwontneedtoveryoften.56.57.58.BysayingLi“rsalsousedeflet,iotihewritermeansthatliarsmayA.tellgreatstoriesB.changetoneofvoiceC.askaquestioninreplyD.avoiddirectans

43、wersAccordingtothepassage,apersoncouldbelyingifheorsheA.offersmoreinformationthanneceB;saappearstobeshyornervousC.changesthesubjectoftheconveiDatUpeaksveryfastandvaguelyWhichofthefollowingcanbelearnedfromthepassage?Liarsalwaystrytoavoiddirecteyecontactwhentheytelllies.Wecanmakepeopleliebychangingthe

44、subjectinaconversation.Liarsareoftenexpansiveinhandandarmmovementswhiletalking.Wemakeliarsuncomfortablebygivingnofeedbackinaconversation.A.B.C.D.59.ThepassagemainlytalksaboutA.whodeceivesusC.howtodetectliesB.whypeopletellliesD.whattodowithliarsLIVINGMoreOn:gotogregLetter1Isomittingjobsfraresumelying

45、?omJanuary28,2018|3:31pmHowtohandlestresatworkIworkforane-commerceWebsite.Ifoneofourmerchandisershasaquestionorwantstomakeacorrectiontheye-mailthesentiredepartment.Inmyopinion,thisisrudeandunilecessary.ItHowcanmenandwomenworkbettertogethe?seemstomethatmasse-mailisappropriateforgoodorneutralnews,rath

46、erthanmakingacorrection.Doyouagree?Moreover,ifyouweretherecipienofthecorrectionhowwouldyourespond?HowwillcancertreatmentaffectmyHowwillcancertreatmentaffectmyTheonlypeoplewhoshouldbeincludedinane-mailarethosesonresume?whoneedtoknoworrespond.Includingeveryoneisrudeandunprofessionalaswellasannoyingtor

47、ecipients.Itsnotlikewedonthaveenoughinourinboxalready.Idontagreethate-mailisonlyforgoodorneutralnews,however.Sometimesyouneedtoalertpeopleorcreatearecordofbadnews.Butnooneshouldusee-mailtoblameotherpeople.Ifyouvegotaproblemwithsomeone,pickupthephoneortakeitoutside（foracoffee,notafistfight.geez）.Asfo

48、rhowtorespond,e-mailisusuallyineffectiveforresolvingconflict.Haveaconversationwiththesenderandexplainwhyhisorherapproachisntthebestandwhatyourecommend.WhattodoifyoudranktoomuchatthecompanyholidaypartyLetter2January14,201819:24pmItsthestartofanewyearandIbelieveitstimeforachange.Whatsthebestwaytoexpla

49、intoaprospectiveemployerthatyouareinneedofsomethingnewwithoutseemingflightyandwithoutcomplainingaboutyourcurrentemployer?Thenewyearisasgoodatimeasanytotakestock,butnottheonlyreasonformakingachange.Atleast,thatsnotwhatyoucommunicatetoaprospectiveemployer.Yourreasonforlookingforanewjobislessimportantt

50、oyournewemployerthanwhyyouwanttoworkthere.Needingachangemightbethecatalyst（催化齐l剂）,butthejobsearchislikedating,andyouwouldntasksomeoneoutandexplainyourejustboredinyourcurrentrelationship,right?AtleastIhopenot,otherwiseyourelikelytobeaslonelyasBarryManilowsoundswhenhesings“ItsJustAnotherNewYearsEve.Wh

51、atisdiscussedinthefirstletter?HowtoaskquestionsinapolitewayB.Howtorespondtoafalsecharge.C.Howtomakeacorrectionatwork.D.Howtohandlerudemassemailsatwork.AccordingtoGreg,expressingyourdissatisfactionwithyourpresentjobinaninterviewwouldbethesameas.talkingaboutyourfamilyissuesinpubliccomplainingaboutyour

52、priorpartneronafirstdatedemonstratingyourqualificationstoyournewbossbraggingaboutyourexperiencetoyourpartnerItcanbeinferredthat“gotogreg”mainlyoffersadviceonpeoples.careerchoicesB.socialrelationshipsC.workingproblemsD.healthproblems（0EarlierthisyearaseriesofpapersinTheLancetreportedthat85percentofth

53、e$265billionspenteachyearonmedicalresearchiswastedbecausetoooftenabsolutelynothinghappensafterinitialresultsofastudyarepublished.Nofollow-upinvestigationstoreplicate（复制）orexpandonadiscovery.Nooneusesthefindingstobuildnewtechnologies.Theproblemisnotjustwhathappensafterpublicationscientistsoftenhavetr

54、oublechoosingtherightquestionsandproperlydesigningstudiestoanswerthem.Toomanystudiestesttoofewsubjectstoarriveatfirmconclusions.Researcherspublishreportsonhundredsoftreatmentsfordiseasesthatworkinanimalmodelsbutnotinhumans.Drugcompaniesfindthemselvesunabletoreproducepromisingdrugtargetspublishedbyth

55、ebestacademicinstitutions.Thegrowingrecognitionthatsomethinghasgonewronginthelaboratoryhasledtocallsfor,asonemightguess,moreresearchonresearchattemptstofindrulestoensurethatpeer-reviewedstudiesare,infact,valid.Itwilltakeaconcertedeffortbyscientistsandotherstakeholderstofixthisproblem.Wecandosobyexpl

56、oringwaystomakescientificinvestigationmorereliableandefficient.Thesemayincludecollaborativeteamscience,studyregistration,strongerstudydesignsandstatisticaltools,andbetterpeerreview,alongwithmakingscientificdatawidelyavailablesothatotherscanreplicateexperiments,thereforebuildingtrustintheconclusionso

57、fthosestudies.Reproducingotherscientistsanalysesorreplicatingtheirresultshastooofteninthepastbeenlookeddownonwithakindof“me-too”derision（嘲笑）thatwouldwasteresourcesbutoftentheymayhelpavoidfalseleadsthatwouldhavebeenevenmorewasteful.Perhapsthebiggestobstacletoreplicationistheinaccessibilityofdataandre

58、sultsnecessarytoreruntheanalysesthatwentintotheoriginalexperiments.Searchingforsuchinformationcanbeextremelydifficult.Investigatorsdie,moveandchangejobs;computerscrash;onlinelinksmalfunction.Dataaresometimeslosteven,asoneresearcherclaimedwhenconfrontedaboutspurious（伪造的）results,eatenbytermites（白蚁）.Th

59、erehasdefinitelybeensomerecentprogress.Anincreasingnumberofjournals,includingNatureandScience,haveadoptedmeasuressuchaschecklistsforstudydesignandreportingwhileimprovingstatisticalreviewandencouragingaccesstodata.Severalfundingagencies,meanwhile,haveaskedthatresearchersoutlinetheirplansforsharingdat

60、abeforetheycanreceiveagovernmentgrant.Butitwilltakemuchmoretoachievealastingculturechange.Investigatorsshouldberewardedforperforminggoodscienceratherthanjustgettingstatisticallysignificant（positive”）butnonreplicableresults.Revisingthepresentincentive（激励）structuremayrequirechangesonthepartofjournals,