新人教版高中英语必修1优质课件：Discovering-Useful-Structures-Basic-Sentence-Structures

1、Welcome UnitWelcome UnitPART 1语法导学PART 2达标检测Discovering Useful StructuresBasic Sentence StructuresPART 1语法导学PART 2达标检测DiscoverPART 1语法导学PART语法导学写出下列句子中画线部分的成分1.Birds fly._2.The early bird catches theworm._3.They are birdsofafeather._4.I heard the birds singingmerrily._5.She bought thebird acage._6.T

2、here is apicture on the wall._语法感知主语宾语表语宾语补足语间接宾语；直接宾语主语写出下列句子中画线部分的成分语法感知主语宾语表语宾语补足语一、句子成分构成句子的各个部分叫作句子成分。句子成分包括主语、谓语、表语、宾语、宾补、定语和状语等。1.主语(subject)主语是一个句子所叙述的主体、动作的发出者，一般位于句首。主语可由名词、代词、数词、不定式、动名词、名词化的形容词和主语从句等构成。The future is bright；the road is tortuous.前途是光明的，道路是曲折的。To swim in the river is a great

3、 pleasure.在河里游泳是件快乐的事。When we are going to have an English test has not been decided.我们将什么时候进行英语测试仍然没决定。语法精析一、句子成分语法精析2.表语(predicative)表语说明主语的身份、特征和状态，在系动词(be，become，get，look，grow，turn，seem等)之后。表语由名词、代词、形容词、分词、数词、不定式、动名词、介词短语及表语从句构成。Our English teacher is an American.我们的英语老师是个美国人。His job is to teach

4、 English.他的工作就是教英语。The truth is that he has never been abroad.事实就是他从来都没出过国。2.表语(predicative)3.宾语(object)宾语是动作的施加对象或承受者，在及物动词后，或“不及物动词相应介词”后。宾语由名词性的词充当。宾语按词性分为：动词宾语和介词宾语，分别构成动宾结构和介宾结构。They went to see an exhibition yesterday.他们昨天去看展览了。I think (that) he is fit for his office.我认为他适合做办公室工作。有些动词后边需要跟双宾语，

5、指人的是间接宾语；指物的是直接宾语。Lend me your dictionary，please.请把你的词典借给我(用一下)。Give me a book.给我一本书。3.宾语(object)4.宾语补足语(object complement)有些及物动词，除有一个直接宾语以外，还有一个宾语补足语，才能使句子的意义完整。宾补可由名词、形容词、副词、不定式、分词、介词短语和从句充当。Do you consider him trust-worthy? 你认为他可靠吗？ The manager asked the college student to come in. 经理让那个大学生进去。We

6、found everything in the lab in good order.我们发现试验室的一切秩序井然。4.宾语补足语(object complement)5.定语(attribute)修饰名词、代词的词称为定语。可由单词、短语、从句充当。定语有形容词的特征。Guilin is a beautiful city.桂林是个美丽的城市。There are thirty women teachers in our school.我们学校有30名女教师。He is reading an article about how to learn English.他在读一篇怎样学好英语的论文。5.定

7、语(attribute)6.状语(adverbial)修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句子，说明动作或状态特征的句子成分，叫作状语。状语种类：原因状语、条件状语、地点状语、方式状语、伴随状语、目的状语、结果状语、让步状语、比较状语。Light travels most quickly.光的传播速度非常快。He has lived in the city for ten years.他已经在该市住了10年。Once you begin，you must continue.一旦开始了，你必须继续下去。6.状语(adverbial)二、基本句子结构1.主语不及物动词(SV)The temperature

8、 has changed.温度变了。The car wont start.这车发动不起来。We all breathe，drink and eat.我们都要呼吸、喝水和吃饭。2.主语及物动词宾语(SVO)He pretended not to see us.他假装没有看见我们。She usually puts off carrying out her promise.她通常拖延履行她的诺言。No one really understands the grief or joy of others.没有人真正理解别人的悲伤和快乐。二、基本句子结构3.主语系动词表语(SP)He became a t

9、eacher of English.他成了一名英语教师。My brothers are all college students.我的弟弟们都是大学生。His voice sounded strange to her.他的声音在她听来有些怪。温馨提示英语中的系动词有：be动词、感官动词(look，smell，taste，feel，sound等)、表变化类动词(如get，become，turn，go，grow，come等)、表保持类动词(如keep，stay，remain等)。3.主语系动词表语(SP)4.主语及物动词间接宾语直接宾语 (直接宾语和间接宾语叫作双宾语)(SVIODO)My sis

10、ter told me a long story.我姐姐给我讲了一个很长的故事。I lent him a reference book.我借他一本参考书。He allows himself no rest.他不让自己休息。5.主语及物动词宾语宾补(宾语和宾补统称为复合宾语)(SVOC)They made her happy.他们让她快乐。She kept us waiting for her answer for over a week.她让我们等她的回音等了一个多星期。I often hear her sing the German song in her lovely voice.我时常听

11、到她用迷人的声音唱这首德国歌曲。4.主语及物动词间接宾语直接宾语 (直接宾语和间接宾语6.主语不及物动词状语(SVA)My parents live in Taibei.我的父母住在台北。John has gone to buy books.约翰去买书了。7.主语及物动词宾语状语(SVOA)The wind raised the fallen leaves from the ground.大风把落叶从地面上刮了起来。They know us very well.他们非常了解我们。He brought his brother to see me.他带着弟弟来看我。6.主语不及物动词状语(SVA)

12、8.There be.There arent many books on the shelf.书架上没有多少书。There is a chair，two desks，and a bed in the room.房间里有一把椅子、两张桌子和一张床。There are some books，dictionaries and magazines on the table.桌子上有些书、字典和杂志。温馨提示在there be句型中，be的单复数与最靠近的名词的单复数保持一致。8.There be.单句语法填空1.I love coming here and seeing my family and a

13、ll the friends I (make) over the years.(2019全国)2.They also shared with us many (tradition) stories about Hawaii that were (huge) popular with tourists.(2019全国)3.If you are time poor，you need run for only half the time to get the same benefits as other sports，so perhaps we should all give a try.(2018

14、全国)高考链接havemadetraditionalhugelyit/running单句语法填空高考链接havemadetraditiona4.While running regularly cant make you live forever，the review says it _(be) more effective at lengthening life than walking，cycling or swimming.(2018全国)5.When the gorillas and I frightened each other，I was just glad to find _(th

15、ey) alive.(2018全国)6.Once his message was delivered，he allowed me (stay) and watch.(2018全国)7.Many westerners who come to China cook much less than in their own countries once they realize how cheap can be to eat out.(2018浙江)isthemtostayit4.While running regularly can8.I still remember (visit) a frien

16、d whod lived here for five years and I (shock) when I learnt she hadnt cooked once in all that time.(2018浙江)visitingwasshocked8.I still remember PART 2达标检测PART达标检测1.There is anoldman coming here._2.Todotodayshomeworkwithouttheteachershelp is very difficult._3.Howmanynewwords did you learn last class

17、？_4.The old man sitting at the gate said hewasill._5.Why is he worriedaboutJim?_6.She was the first tolearnaboutit._7.The man downstairs was trying to sleep._8.I saw Mr Wang getonthebus._.写出下列句子中画线部分的成分主语主语宾语宾语表语定语定语宾补1.There is anoldman coming h9.Everynight he heard the noise upstairs._10.Mr Li is going to teach ushistory next term. _11.I poured my drink downthesink._12.We found nobody in._状语间接宾语；直接宾语状语宾补9.Everynight he heard the noi13.Someone .(SVOC)有人已经证明这个理论是错误的。14.My friend is goin