托福听力听抄训练方法介绍

1、第11页 共11页托福听力听抄训练方法介绍托福听力听抄训练方法介绍练习听抄的主要目的在于进步听力的精度，进步听懂一句话的才能。详细步骤如下：1、 听一遍全文，理解全文大意;2、 再听一遍全文，重点记录全文主旨和梗概;3、开场逐句听写：听一句，暂停，将这一句完好写下来，写的时候注意先写出句子的主干局部(主语、谓语、宾语成分)，再返回继续重听这一句，进一步完善这一句，直到全句完全写出为止;注意：务必以整句为单位听写;每听写三句和原文文本核对一次。4、 将句子中未能听写出的词或短语的位置上画上横线表示仍有信息缺失;5、 重听有信息缺失的句子，用不同颜色的笔改正其中错误、补充未能识别的内容;6、 开场

2、听下一句，步骤同3、4，直到全文听写完为止;7、 总结生词，抄写到本子上;8、 反复听读并背诵7中总结出的词和短语。托福听力记笔记重点介绍重点在于突出文章的构造和重要信息点，如官方真题Official24L3中对于北美大型动物消失原因的讨论，假如落实到笔记上，首先要突出的是文章的总分构造，三个理论的框架要能表达，其次要能表达重要信息点，如文章中对理论的评价。练习时要注意对一篇文章做完笔记后，务必要和文章的文本做一次核对，逐一核对文章的段落和信息点是否在笔记中有表达，并在完成核对后注意总结。学会了以上训练方法，大家再想要提升对托福听力重点学科的理解就不会那么困难了，希望每位有所欠缺的同学都能掌握

3、这些训练技巧要点提升应试才能。托福听力练习：鲨鱼体内含毒素或威胁类Living at the top of the food chain, sharks can accumulate dangerous levelsof methylmercury. So much that pregnant women and children are advised not toeat shark at all. But sharks can accumulate another toxin too, called BMAA,which has been linked to the development

4、 of neurodegenerative disease. Whichcould be bad news for shark eaters.“Mercury in bination with BMAA is a one-two punch.” Deborah Mash, aprofessor of neurology at the University of Miamis Miller School of Medicine.“These are two synergistic toxins. So even if there are low levels of exposurefrom th

5、e mercury or the BMAA, when humans are exposed to both of these toxins,then they will have a synergistic effect on the nervous system.”BMAA starts out in cyanobacteria, and travels up the food chain throughcrabs and shrimp and fish. And, as previous studies have shown, makes all theway to sharks. Wh

6、at Mash and her colleagues wanted to know was how widespreadthe problem was, and if the chemical often appeared alongside mercury. So theyanalyzed fin and muscle sles from 10 species of shark55 individuals inallfrom the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans. And they found BMAA and mercury in all10 species. S

7、uggesting that exposure to that “one-two punch” could be prettymon. The results are in the journal Toxins.Its still not clear at this point what sort of risk this occasionalexposure through food might have. Still, Mash isnt waiting.“I myself would not want to be exposed to BMAA or methyl mercury in

8、my dietby eating shark fin or shark meat or taking shark cartilage products. We alreadyknow that mercury is toxic to our health. And we already know that BMAA plusmercury is a very bad mix for the brain. So people need to be concerned, and Ithink thats not only for the benefit of us as consumers, bu

9、t also to the poorsharks, who are threatened with extinction.”Conservationists have argued for years that sharks should be spared. Maybenow that its us who are threatened. people might finally start to leave themalone.因为生活在食物链的顶端，所以鲨鱼可以积累到达危险程度的汞。因为鲨鱼体内的汞含量非常高，所以建议孕妇和儿童不要吃鲨鱼。但是，鲨鱼还能积累另外一种毒素BMAA，这种毒素

10、与神经退行性疾病的开展有关。这对爱吃鲨鱼的人来说可是个坏消息。“汞和BMAA的结合可谓是双重重击。”黛博拉马许是迈阿密大学米勒医学院的神经学教授。“这是两种协同作用的毒素。即使汞或者BMAA的含量很低，但是只要人类接触到这两种毒素，它们就会对人的神经系统产生协同效应。”BMAA最初存在于蓝藻中，之后通过螃蟹、虾类和鱼类进入食物链上层。此前的研究已经说明，BMAA最后进入鲨鱼体内。马许和她的同事们想知道，假如这种化学物质经常和汞一起出现，那这个问题的普遍性有多大。所以，他们从太平洋和大西洋的55只鲨鱼中提取分析p 了10种鲨鱼的鳍和肌肉样本。在这10种鲨鱼中，均发现了BMAA和汞。这说明，这两种

11、毒素的结合非常普遍。该研究结果发表在毒素杂志上。目前尚不清楚通过食物接触这些毒素会产生何种风险。但是马许并没有坐等结果。“我不想因为吃鱼翅、鲨鱼肉或服用鲨鱼软骨制品而在饮食中接触到BMAA或甲基汞。我们已经知道汞危害我们的安康。我们也知道BMAA和汞结合会对我们的大脑造成更严重的危害。所以，我认为人们担忧的不应该仅仅是我们作为消费者的利益，同时也要担忧濒临灭绝的可怜的鲨鱼。”多年来，环保人士一直认为应该保护鲨鱼。也许如今受到威胁的是我们人类所以，如今人们可能不会再去管它们了。重点讲解：1. even if 即使;尽管;纵然;例句：Theyll stand by you even if you

12、dont succeed.即使你不成功他们也会支持你。2. be exposed to 使暴露于(险境);使遭受(危险或不快);例句：Women who are exposed to mercury, cadmium, or vinyl chloride beforeconceiving seem to be especially likely to have autistic kids.女性在怀孕期间接触汞、镉或氯乙烯很有可能会生出自闭症患儿。3. start out 起初是;例句：He started out to fix the car himself, but in the end,

13、he had to ask forhelp.起初他本打算自己修车，可最后他还是不得不请人帮助。4. leave alone 听自便;随去;不打搅;例句：Some people need to confront a traumatic past; others find it better toleave it alone.有人需要直面过去的创伤，有人那么觉得不去想它为妙。2022托福听力练习：预防少女怀孕的工程反而增加怀孕率This is Scientific American 60-Second Science. Im ChristopherIntagliata.Used to be, te

14、enage kids had to carry around a bag of flour wrapped in ablanket to learn the responsibilities of parenthood. But these days? The samelesson is taught with hi-tech dolls that cry and record every interaction.“You know they get grumpy, you have to rock them to calm them down, theyhave to be fed.” Sa

15、lly Brinkman, an epidemiologist at the Telethon KidsInstitute, in Australia. “Its supposed to be so tiring and so difficult that itputs them off and they say I dont want to be a teenage mom. And then theythink about contraception and all of those sorts of things.”Problem is, that theory that the dol

16、ls will discourage teenageparenthooddoesnt seem to be true, according to a new study by Brinkman and hercolleagues. The team recruited nearly 3,000 13- to 15-year-old girls for thetrial, from 57 schools in Western Australia. All the girls got the standardAustralian curriculum on contraception and se

17、xual health. But half had to carefor the infant dollsand got extra education sessions with the school nurse.The teams hypothesis? “We thought either its going to make a difference,or its going to make no difference whatsoever. We hadnt expected that it woulddo the opposite.” And in fact, the girls w

18、ho cared for the dolls were nearly oneand a half times more likely to get pregnant before age 20, than teens in thecontrol group. The findings are in The Lancet.The pany that makes the dolls has criticized the trial, and says theresearchers didnt properly implement the educational portion of the pro

19、gram.But Brinkman disagrees. Maybe, she says, the program itself is flawed. “If wereinadvertently increasing teenage pregnancy rates, you know, this program needsto stop. We shouldnt be delivering it in schools.”以前，十几岁的孩子在学习为人父母的责任时要带着裹在毯子里的一袋面粉。那如今呢?如今，同样的课程用可以哭还可以记录所有互动的高科技娃娃来完成。“你知道他们会生气，你要抱着他们轻轻晃动来让他们平静下来，你要喂他们吃东西。”萨莉布林克曼是澳大利亚特里松儿童研究院的流行病学家。“这既累人又很难，会让他们失去耐心，他们会说我不想当年轻妈妈。然后他们会考虑避孕和其他相关问题。”问题是，娃娃会让年轻父母感到泄气的理论看起来并不正确，这是布林克曼和她同事进展的新研究得出的结论。布林我曼和她的团队从西澳大利亚57所学校招募了近3000名13至15岁的女孩进展试验。所有女孩都在澳大利亚国家标准课程学习了避孕和性安康的知识。其中有一半女孩曾照顾过婴儿娃娃，而且在护校学习了额外的教育课程。该团队的假设?“