新视野大学英语复习资料-

1、新视野大学英语复习资料. Vocabulary (词汇：选择一个合适的词语并以适当形式填入相应的句子中，每个词只能使用一次)1. Thiscontroversial book was both praised and criticized, but whether it was read by artists Ileave to further research.5. The melting of the polar icecaps and the ensuing rise in the sea level are only the mostcommonly _ awkwardeffects

2、of climate change.2. A research team has found that increased _ exposure_ to sunlight may decrease the riskof breast cancer.3. I dont think it _ advisable_ that Tim be assigned the job since he has no experience.4. People heave been mobilized to build defenses anddrainflooded land as heavy rainscont

3、inue to fall.assemble ， pledge ， drain ， advisable, insult ， awkward ，II. Cloze(完形填空：每题选择一个最佳选项)controversial，reform，interval，exposureAge sixty is usually considered that theB1 line between middle and old age. It is the timewhere you areB2 an elderly, meaning somewhat old or advanced beyond middle a

4、ge. Period ofdecline comes partly fromC3 and partly psychological factors. The physical cause of decline is achange in the body cells due to the effects of the aging process. The psychological cause ofdecline has somethingC4 unfavorable attitudes toward oneself, other people, work and life ingeneral

5、. Senility(衰老) , a more or less complete physical breakdown, will take place when thereis mental disorganization. The individual becomes careless, absent-minded, socially withdrawn,andD5 adjusted.Due to the unfavorable social attitudes toward the elderly, treatment toward them inAmerica, D6 other cu

6、ltures, make them feel no longer useful and unwanted. People who comefrom countries where respect the elderly is customary usually treat elder people with moreA7and respect.In fact, old people are a treasure of experience to society. It is expected that old people willplay an increasingly active B8

7、in social and community affairs. Because of the reduction in thenumbers of roles the elderly are able to play, it is very likely that they will develop a feelingofC9. It is our duty to make them better realize their value and help them lead a life of comfort.1. A. changing2. A. referred3. A. mentalB

8、. dividingC. surprisingC. adaptedC. physicalD. combingD. praisedB. consideredB. chemicalD. medicalD. to deal withD. poorly4. A. to meet with B. to start with C. to do with5. A. successfully B. essentially6. A. dislike B. alikeC. promptlyC. likingD. unlikeD. imaginationD. affectD. inferior7. A. consi

9、deration B. convention C. contribution8. A. effectB. roleB. superiority C. inferiority第 1 页C. impact9. A. superior.Reading Comprehension(阅读理解：每题选择一个最佳选项)Passage 2For most thinkers since the Greek philosophers, it was self-evident that there is somethingcalled human nature, something that constitutes

10、 the essence of man. There were various viewsabout what constitutes it, but there was agreement that such an essence exists - that is to say,that there is something by virtue of which man is man. Thus man was defined as a rationalbeing, as a social animal, an animal that can make tools, or a symbol-

11、making animal.More recently, this traditional view has begun to be questioned. One reason for this changewas the increasing emphasis given to the historical approach to man. An examination of thehistory of humanity suggested that man in our epoch is so different from man in previoustimes that it see

12、med unrealistic to assume that men in every age have had in commonsomething that can be called human nature. The historical approach was reinforced,particularly in the United States, by studies in the field of cultural anthropology. The study ofprimitive peoples has discovered such a diversity of cu

13、stoms, values, feelings, and thoughtsthat many anthropologists arrived at the concept that man is born as a blank sheet of paper onwhich each culture writes its text. Another factor contributing to the tendency to deny theassumption of a fixed human nature was that the concept has so often been abus

14、ed as a shieldbehind which the most inhuman acts are committed. In the name of human nature, forexample, Aristotle and most thinkers up to the eighteenth century defended slavery. Or inorder to prove the rationality and necessity of the capitalist form of society, scholars have triedto make a case f

15、or acquisitiveness, competitiveness, and selfishness as innate human traits.Popularly, one refers cynically to human nature in accepting the inevitability of suchundesirable human behavior as greed, murder, cheating and lying.Another reason for skepticism about the concept of human nature probably l

16、ies in theinfluence of evolutionary thinking. Once man came to be seen as developing in the process ofevolution, the idea of a substance which is contained in his essence seemed untenable. Yet Ibelieve it is precisely from an evolutionary standpoint that we can expect new insight into theproblem of

17、the nature of man.1. The traditional view of human nature was stronglychallenged by_B_.A. the emergence of the evolutionary theory B. the historical approach to manC. new insight into human behaviorD. the philosophical analysis of slavery2. According to the passage, anthropologists believe that huma

18、n beings_B_ .A. are born with diverse culturesC. have some traits in commonB. are born without a fixed natureD. change their characters as they grow up3. The author mentioned Aristotle, a great ancient thinker, in order to_B_ .A. emphasize that he contributed a lot to defining the concept of human n

19、atureB. show that the concept of human nature was used to justify social evilsC. prove that he had a profound influence on the concept of human natureD. support the idea that some human traits are acquired第 2 页4. The word skepticism (Line 1) in the last paragraph of the passage most probablymeans_D_

20、.A. pessimismB. imaginationC. optimismD. suspicion5. Most philosophers believed that human natureD .A. consists of competitiveness and selfishnessB. is something partly innate and partly acquiredC. consists of rationality and undesirable behaviorD. is the quality distinguishing man from other animal

21、sPassage 3Sports and games make our bodies strong, prevent us from getting too fat, and keep ushealthy. But these are not their only use. They give us valuable practice in making eyes, brainand muscles work together. In tennis, our eyes see the ball coming, judge its speed anddirection and pass this

22、 information on to the brain. The brain then has to decide what to do,and to send its orders to the muscles of the arms, legs, and so on, so that the ball is met and hitback where it ought to go. All this must happen with very great speed, and only those whohave had a lot of practice at tennis can c

23、arry out this complicated chain of events successfully.For those who work with their brains most of the day, the practice of such skills is especiallyuseful.Sports and games are also very useful for character training. In their lessons at school, boysand girls may learn about such virtues as unselfi

24、shness, courage, discipline and love of onescountry; but what is learned in books cannot have the same deep effect on a childs characteras what is learned by experience. The ordinary day-school cannot give much practical trainingin living, because most of the pupils time is spent in classes, studyin

25、g lessons. So it is what thepupils do in their spare time that really prepares them to take their place in society as citizenswhen they grow up. If each of them learns to work for his team and not for himself on thefootball field, he will later find it natural to work for the good of his country ins

26、tead of only forhis own benefit.1. When we play tennis we have to _B_.A. use, first, our eyes, then the brain and finally the musclesB. make our eyes, brain and muscles work almost at the same timeC. use mainly the arms and legs to hitD. use mainly the muscles so that the ball is met and hit back2.

27、The complicated chain of events refers to _C_.A. the passing of information and making of decisionsB. the meeting and hitting back of the ballC. the coordinated(协调的) movements of our eyes, brain and musclesD. a lot of practice before playing tennis3. By character-training, the author means that spor

28、ts and games can help children _C_.A. live a better life when they grow up第 3 页B. understand better the virtues they learn in booksC. know better how to behave properly in their future lifeD. All of the above4. According to the author, a childs character can be most deeply influenced by _A_.A. what he does out of classB. what he learns in booksC. his place in societ