大学英语期末复习TestBank1006

1、大学英语期末复习TestBank1006大学英语期末复习TestBank1006大学英语期末复习TestBank1006TestBankChapterSix(ProgrammingLanguages)MultipleChoiceQuestions1.Whichofthefollowingisanexampleofalanguagethatisbasedonthefunctionalparadigm?D.C+ANSWER:A2.Whichofthefollowingisanexampleofalanguagethatisbasedontheobject-orientedparadigm?D.C+

2、ANSWER:D3.MostmachinelanguagesarebasedontheA.ImperativeparadigmB.DeclarativeparadigmANSWER:AWhichofthefollowingisnotatypeofstatementfoundinatypicalhigh-levelimperativeprogramminglanguage?ANSWER:B5.WhichofthefollowingdoesnotrequireaBooleanstructure?ANSWER:C6.Whichofthefollowingisnotacontrolstatement?

3、ANSWER:C7.Whichofthefollowingisnotacontrolstatement?ANSWER:C8.Whichofthefollowingisnotastepintheprocessoftranslatingaprogram?C.LexicalanalysisD.CodegenerationANSWER:A9.Whichofthefollowingisnotassociatedwithobject-orientedprogramming?ANSWER:B10.Whichofthefollowingisnotassociatedwiththeconceptofdataty

4、pe?ANSWER:C11.PositionswithinarraysareidentifiedbymeansofnumberscalledANSWER:A12.Whichofthefollowingisignoredbyacompiler?A.ControlstatementsB.DeclarationsofconstantsANSWER:D13.Whichofthefollowingisnotapossiblevalueoftheexpression4+62-1A.4B.5C.6D.10ANSWER:B14.Whichofthefollowingisnotawayofreferringto

5、avalueinaprogram?D.TypeANSWER:D15.Whichofthefollowingisthescopeofavariable?A.ThenumberofcharactersinthevariablesnameB.TheportionoftheprograminwhichthevariablecanbeaccessedC.ThetypeassociatedwiththevariableD.ThestructureassociatedwiththevariableANSWER:B16.Whichofthefollowingisameansofnullifyingconfli

6、ctsamongdatatypes?ANSWER:C17.Whichofthefollowingisnotconstructedbyatypicalcompiler?D.ObjectprogramANSWER:AWhichofthefollowingisameansofdefiningsimilaryetdifferentclassesinanobject-orientedprogram?ANSWER:A19.Whichofthefollowingisnotaparsetreeofanexpressionbasedonthefollowinggrammar?A.B.C.ANSWER:C20.W

7、hichofthefollowingstatementsisnotaresolventofthefollowingclauses?PORQORRPORTQORTRORRTORTD.QORTANSWER:BWhichofthefollowingcanPrologconcludefromthefollowingprogram?parent(jill,sue).parent(jill,sally).parent(john,sue).parent(john,sally).sibling(X,Y):-parent(Z,X),parent(Z,Y).A.parent(jill,john)B.sister(

8、sue,sally)C.sibling(sue,sally)D.sibling(jill,sue)ANSWER:CFill-in-the-blank/Short-answerQuestions1.Incontrastto_languagessuchasEnglishandSpanish,programminglanguagesareconsidered_languagesandarerigorouslydefinedbytheirgrammars.ANSWER:natural,formalListtwodisadvantagesofbothmachinelanguagesandassembly

9、languagesthatareovercomebyhigh-levelprogramminglanguages._ANSWER:Theyaremachinedependentandtheyrequirethatalgorithmsbeexpressedinsmallmachine-relatedstepsratherthatlargerapplication-orientedsteps.Indicatehoweachofthefollowingtypesofprogramminglanguagesisclassifiedintermsofgeneration(firstgeneration,

10、secondgeneration,orthirdgeneration).High-levellanguages_B.Machinelanguages_C.Assemblylanguages_C.SecondgenerationListfourdatatypesthatoccurasprimitivetypesinmanyhigh-levelprogramminglanguages._ANSWER:Possibleanswersinclude:integer,real(orfloat),Boolean,andcharacter.Whatencodingsystemiscommonlyusedto

11、encodedataofeachofthefollowingtypes?A.Integer_B.Real_C.Character_ANSWER:(CAUTION:Thisquestionreliesonmaterialfromchapter1)A.TwoscomplementFloating-pointASCIIorUnicodeA_arrayisanarrayinwhichallentriesareofthesametypewhereasentriesina_arraymaybeofdifferenttypes.ANSWER:homogeneous,heterogeneousInprogra

12、mminglanguagesthatuse+tomeanconcatenationofcharacterstrings,theexpression“2x”+“3x”willproducewhatresult?_ANSWER:“2x3x”8.Rewritethefollowinginstructionsusingasingleif-then-elsestatement.if(X=5)goto50goto6050printthevalueofZgoto100printthevalueofY.ANSWER:if(X=5)then(printthevalueofZ)else(printthevalue

13、ofY)9.Thefollowingisaprogramsegmentandthedefinitionofaprocedurenamedsub.X3;proceduresub(Y)sub(X);Y5;printthevalueofX;.A.Whatvaluewillbeprintedbytheprogramsegmentifparametersarepassedbyvalue?_B.Whatvaluewillbeprintedbytheprogramsegmentifparametersarepassedbyreference?_ANSWER:A.3B.510.Thefollowingisap

14、ceduresub.X8;.applyproceduresub;X2;printthevalueofX;.A.WhatvaluewillbeprintedbytheprogramsegmentifXisaglobalvariable?_B.WhatvaluewillbeprintedbytheprogramsegmentifXisadeclaredasalocalvariablewithintheprocedure?_ANSWER:A.8B.2Tosaythatagrammarisambi

15、guousmeansthat_.ANSWER:thegrammarallowsmorethanoneparsetreeforasinglestring12.Listthreeitemsofinformationthatwouldbecontainedinatypicalparserssymboltable._ANSWER:Possibleanswersinclude:namesofvariables,datatypesassociatedwithvariables,datastructuresassociatedwithvariables,andothers.Givethreeexamples

16、ofkeywordsthatareoftenfoundinhigh-levelimperativeorobject-orientedlanguages._ANSWER:Possibleanswersarenumerousandinclude:if,while,for,class,int,etc.14.Inadditiontotheproceduresname,whatotherinformationiscontainedtypicalprocedureinaheader?_ANSWER:Alistoftheformalparameters15.Inthecontextoftheobject-o

17、rientedparadigm,_aretemplatesfromwhich_areconstructed.Wesaythatthelatterisaninstanceoftheformer.ANSWER:classes,objectsInthecontextoftheobject-orientedparadigm,a_isanimperativeprogramunitthatdescribeshowanobjectshouldreacttoaparticularstimulus.ANSWER:method(ormemberfunctionforC+programmers)Basedonthe

18、sketchofaclassdefinitionbelow,whichmethodscanbeinvokedfromoutsideaninstanceoftheclass?classExamplepublicvoidmethod1().privatevoidmethod2().publicvoidmethod3()privatevoidmethod4()._ANSWER:method1andmethod318.WhatclausewouldproducetheresolventPORRORSwhenresolvedwiththeclausePORQ_ANSWER:QORRORSWhatgene

19、ralruleshouldbeaddedtothePrologprogrambelowsothatPrologcanconcludethaticecreamisbetterthanspinach?better(icecream,peanutbutter).better(peanutbutter,spinach)._ANSWER:Theequivalentof:better(X,Z):-better(X,Y),better(Y,Z).20.BasedonthePrologprogrambelow,whatgoalshouldbeusedtofindthesiblingsofsue?parent(

20、jill,sue).parent(jill,sally).parent(john,sue).parent(john,sally).sibling(X,Y):-parent(Z,X),parent(Z,Y)._ANSWER:Eithersibling(X,sue)orsibling(sue,X)Vocabulary(Matching)QuestionsThefollowingisalistoftermsfromthechapteralongwithdescriptivephrasesthatcanbeusedtoproducequestions(dependingonthetopicscover

21、edinyourcourse)inwhichthestudentsareasktomatchphrasesandterms.Anexamplewouldbeaquestionoftheform,ext“toIneachtheblankphrase,nwritethetermfromthefollowinglistthatisbestdescribedbythephrase.”TermDescriptivePhraseassemblylanguageAstepupfrommachinelanguageprogrammingparadigmAprogramdevelopmentmethodolog

22、ystructuredprogrammingAmethodologythatapplieswell-designedcontrolstructurestoproducewell-organizedsoftwaregrammarTherulesdefiningthesyntaxofaprogramminglanguageparsetreeA“pictorial”representationofthegrammaticalstructureofastringcompilerAprogramthattranslatesotherprogramsintomachinelanguageinterpret

23、erAprogramthatexecutesotherprogramswritteninahigh-levellanguagewithoutfirsttranslatingthemintomachinelanguagehigh-levellanguageAnotationalsystemforrepresentingalgorithmsinhumancompatibletermsratherthaninthedetailsofmachinerysemanticsMeaningasopposedtoappearancesyntaxAppearanceasopposedtomeaningopera

24、torprecedenceDictatestheorderinwhichoperationsareperformeddatastructureAconceptualorganizationofinformationparameterAmeansofpassinginformationtoaprocedureorfunctiondatatypeEncompassesbothanencodingsystemandacollectionofoperationssyntaxdiagramsAwayofrepresentingagrammarsourceprogramAprogramexpressedi

25、nahigh-levellanguageGeneralFormatQuestions1.Whatdoesitmeantosaythataprogramminglanguageismachineindependent?ANSWER:Itmeansthatprogramswritteninthelanguagedonotrefertopropertiesofaspecificmachineandarethereforecompatiblewithanycomputer.2.Explainthedistinctionbetweentheimperativeanddeclarativeprogramm

26、ingparadigms.ANSWER:Theimperativeparadigmrequiresthataprogrammerdescribeanalgorithmforsolvingtheproblemathand.Thedeclarativeparadigmrequiresthattheprogrammerdescribetheproblem.Explainwhythegenerationapproachtoclassifyingprogramminglanguagesfailstocapturethefullscopeoftodayslanguages.ANSWER:Thegenera

27、tionapproachfailstoreflectthearrayofdistinctprogrammingparadigms.Explainthedistinctionbetweentranslatingaprogram(inahigh-levellanguage)andinterpretingtheprogram.ANSWER:Totranslateaprogramistoconvertittoanother(usuallylow-level)languagewithoutexecutingit.Tointerpretaprogramistoexecuteitdirectlyfromit

28、shigh-levellanguageform.5.Whyisthestraightforward“goto”statementnolongerpopular-levelprogramminghighlanguages?ANSWER:Itsuseledtopoorlystructuredprogramsthatwerehardtounderstand.6.Explainthedistinctionbetweenaformalparameterandanactualparameter.ANSWER:Aformalparameterisatermusedinasubprogramunittoref

29、ertodatathatwillbegiventothesubprogramwhenitisexecuted.Anactualparameteristhedatathatisgiventothesubprogramunitwhenitisexecuted.(Aformalparameterisa“placeholder”thatis“filledin”withanactualparameterwhensubprogramunitisexecuted.)7.Explainthedistinctionbetweenglobalandlocalvariables.ANSWER:Aglobalvariableisreadilyaccessiblethroughouttheprogramwhereasalocalvariableisaccessibleonlywithinaspecificarea.8.Explainthedistinctionbetweenaprocedureandafunction.ANSWER:Aprocedurereturnsvaluesviaparametersandglobalvariableswhereasafunctionr