高中化学方程式总结48661

1、金属2NaOH+AD= 2NaAlO+H22NaOH+AD= 2NaAlO+H2OKCO+CaCL= CaCO； +2KC一、碱金属.钠Na4Na+跳 2NaO点燃2Na+O=NaO2点燃Cl2+2Na=2NaCl2Na+2HO= 2NaOHtH4Na+TiCl4(熔融)=4NaCl+TiNaONaO+HO= 2NaOH2NaO+O2NaQNaO+SO= NaSONaO+Ca NaCONaO+2HC 匕 2NaCl+HO2NaO+2HO= 4NaOH+O (止匕反应分两步 NaQ+2HO = 2NaOH+O; 2H2O = 2HO+OT。HQ 的制备可利 用类似的反应)2NaO+2CO = 2

2、NaCO+ONaQ+HSO(冷、稀)=NaSO+HQNaOH2NaOH+Si+H= NaSiOa+2H T6NaOH+3S= 2NaS+NaSO+3HO2NaOH+2Al+2H 2NaAlO+3H T2NaOH(i 量)+CQ= NaCO+HONaOH+CO1量)=NaHCO2NaOH+SiONaSiO3+HO (常温下强碱缓慢腐蚀玻 璃)2NaOH+C 匕 NaCl+NaClO+2ONaOH+HC+ NaCl+HO3NaOH+AlQ= Al(OH)3 J +3NaClNaOH+Al(OH)= NaAlO+2HONaAlO2NaAlQ+CO+3HO=2Al(OH)3 J +NaCO3NaAlQ

3、+AlCl 3+6HO=4Al(OH)3 JNaCQ NaHCO高温NaCG+SiQ= NaSQ+CONaCG+HCl= NaHCO-NaClNaHCOHCl= NaCl+HO+CO3NaCO+2AlCl 3+3HO= 2Al(OH)3 ； +3COT +6NaCl3NaCO+2FeCb+3HO= 2Fe(OH% ； +3COT +6NaCl3NaHC3+AlCl 3= Al(OH)3 ； +3COT3NaHCGFeCb= Fe(OH)3 ； +3COTNaHCOHCl= NaCl+COT +HO一 不2NaHCO=NaCO+COT +H2O3NaCO+2Br2+HO= 2NaHC02NaBr

4、O+2NaBr+C ONaHC+Br2= NaBr+HBrO+G0.钾KOH2KOH+C0 KCO+HOKOH+CQ KHCO&CO&CO+2HCl= 2KCl+COT +H2O&CG+2AgNO= AgCOj +2KNO KHCOKHCOHCl=KCl+COT +HO2KHCO= K2CG+COT +H2OKClQ _ 2KC1O 2KC1+3OTKC1Q+6HC1=KC1+3C12 T +3HOKC1Q+5KC1+3HSO=3C12 T +3KSQ+3HOKI2KI+C12 = 2KC1+l2KI+AgNO=AgI ； +KNOKA1(SO4)22KA1(SQ)2+6NaOH &SQ+3N

5、aSO+2A1(OH)3 J2KA1(SQ)2+3Ba(OH)=&SO+3BaSOj +2A1(OH)3 J二、常见金属1.镁Mg 一点燃一 2Mg+0= 2MgOMg+2HD= 2Mg(OH) J +Hd 一 点燃一 Mg+C2MgC2点燃 2Mg+C2O=2MgO+C3Mg+* Mg?Mg+2H跳 MgC2+HdMg+bSQ= MgSOHd2Mg+TiC14(熔融)=Ti+2MgCLMgOMgO+2HClMgC2+H2OMgO+O=Mg(OH)JKA1(SO4) 2+2Ba(OH)= KA1Q+2BaSOjKSCN3KSCN+FeC 上 Fe(SCN)+3KC13.锂Li2OLi 2O+C

6、O Li2COLi2O+HO=2LiOHLiOH2LiOH+C婕 Li 2COJ +HOLiOH+C婕 LiHCQU2COLi 2CG+2HC1=2LiC1+CQ T +HOLiHCOLiHCO+HC1= LiC1+CO2 T +HO2LiHCOLi 2CG+COT +HOMg(OH)Mg(OH)+2HC1= MgC2+2HOMg(HCO2Mg(HCO2+2HC1=MgC2+2COT +2H2O2Mg(HCO2Mg(OH) J +COT +HO MgNMgN+8Ho= 3Mg(OH)+2NH H2O2.铝Al八 点燃 一A1+3Q=2A12O2A1+3S=A1242A1+3C12A1C13-高

7、温 -4A1+3MnO= 2A1 zQ+3Mn2A1+C2QAl 2Q+2Cr2A1+Fe2Q/也A12O+2Fe (铝热反应)一八一2Al+3FeO Al 2Q+3Fe2Al+6HCl = 2AlCl3+3HT2Al+3HSO= Al 2(SQ) 3+3H2 T2Al+6H2sO(浓)=Al 2(SQ) 3+3SOT +6HOAl+4HN(3X稀)=Al(NO3)3+NOt +2HO (Al、Fe 在冷、浓的HSO、HNOH屯化)2Al+2NaOH+2H 2NaAlO+3H TALQ、Al(OH) 3Al 2Q+3HSO= Al 2(SO) 3+3HO (Al 2Q是两性氧化物)Al 2Q+

8、2NaOH 2NaAlO+HO 2Al(OH)3Al2O+3HOAl(OH)3+3HCl= AlCl 3+3HO2Al(OH) 3+3HSO= Al 2(SQ) 3+6HOAl(OH)3+NaOH NaAlQ+2HO铝盐AlCl 3+3NaOH Al(OH) 3 J +3NaClAlCl 3+3NH - H2O=Al(OH)3； +3NHCl2AlCl 3+3NaCO+3HO=2Al(OH)3 J +3COT +6NaClAlCl 3+3NaHC Al(OH) 3 J +3COTAlCl 3+3NaAlQ+6Ho= 4Al(OH)a J Al2(SQ)3+3NaS+6HO= 2Al(OH)a；

9、 +3HST3.铁Fe点燃2Fe+3Ch=2FeCla点燃3Fe+2O=FeaC4-Fe+S =FeS2Fe+3Br2 = 2FeB3Fe+l2Fel Fe+l2Fel 2Fe+SFeS高温3Fe+4HO(g)FeQ+4HFe+2HCl= FeCL+HTFe+CuC2=FeCl2+CuFe+HS= FeS+HT2Fe+6HSO(浓)=Fe(SO) 3+3SOT +6H2OFe+HSO(稀)= FeSO+HTFe+6HNO Fe(NO) 3+3NOT +3HOFe+4HNO Fe(NO) 3+NOt +2H2O 8Fe+30HNO 8Fe(NO) 3+3NHNO+9HOFe+(CHCOOCu=

10、Cu+(CHCOOFeFeO高温FeO+2AlAl 2Q+2FeFe2O+3CO=2Fe+3COFeO+3H=2Fe+3HO (制还原铁粉)FeO+6HCl= 2FeCl3+3HOFeOFeO+4H3Fe+4HO、心FeO+8HCl(浓)=FeCl2+2FeCl3+4HOFe(OH)2、Fe(OH)34Fe(OH)+O+2HO= 4Fe(OH)32Fe(OH)3 FeQ+3HOFeCl22FeCl2+C 2FeCl3FeCl2+M驴 Fe+MgC2FeCla 2FeCb+Fe= 3FeCl22FeCb+Cu= 2FeCl2+CuCL （用于雕刻印刷电路板）2FeCl3+H2SO+HO= H2s

11、O+2FeCb+2HCl2FeCb+Zn= 2FeCl2+ZnCl22FeCl3+HS= 2FeCl2+2HCl+S；2FeCl3+2KI =2FeClz+2KCl+l2FeCb+3NH HO= Fe(OH)4 +3NHCl2FeCb+3NaCO+3HO=2Fe(OH)3 ； +3COT +6NaCl三、其他金属.镒KMnO人2KMnO=KMnOMn(2+O T2KMn16HCl= 2KCl+2MnC2+5Cl2 T +8H2O2KMn5HQ+6HCl= 2KCl+2MnC2+5O T +8H2O.铜Cu2Cu+O2CuO2Cu+S=C&SCu+C2 二CuCl2CH+4Cu氏 4Cu+CQ2

12、HO3CuO+2NI 3Cu+N+3H2OCuO+2HCCuCl2+HOCuO+2SQ= CuSOHOCu(OH)+2HCl= CuCb+2HOCu(OH)+HSO= CuS2HOCu(OH)CuO+bOCuCb+HS： CuSj +2HClCuCb+2NaO洋 Cu(OH) ； +2NaCl卤族元素、氮族元素FeCl3+3NaHC Fe(OH)3 J +3COT2FeCl3+SO+2Ho 2FeCl2+HSO+2HClBaCl2+HSO= BaSOj +2HClFeCl3+3KSCN Fe(SCN)+3KCl其它Fe化合物Fe(SO)3+2Ag=FeSO+AgSO (较难反应)FeC+22H

13、NO 3Fe(NO) 3+CO+13NO11HOCuSOHS= CuSj +HSOCuSO+2NaOH Cu(OH) ； +NaSOCuSOBa(OH)= Cu(OH) J +BaSOj.钙CaCaO+HO Ca(OH)高温CaO+SiO= CaSiO2Ca(OH+2Cl2= CaCl2+Ca(ClO)2+2HOCa(OH+SO= CaS(4+HOCaCG2HNO= Ca(NO) 2+HO+COT (用 HNO和浓HSO不能制备HS、HI、HBr、SO等还原性气体)CaCO+SiQCaSiQ+COTCaF+HSO(浓)=CaSO2HFTCa(PQ)2+3HSO(浓)=3CaSG2HPOCa(P

14、Q)2+2HSO(浓)=2CaSO+Ca(HPO)2Ca(PQ)2+4HPO=3Ca(HPO)2 (重钙)CaH+2Ho= Ca(OH+2H T一、卤族元素.氟F2F2+H = 2HF2F2+2H2O= 4HF+OHF4HF+SiO=SiF4+2HO.氯Cl2Cl2+H = 2HCl （光照或点燃）Cl2+2Na2NaCl3CL+2P2PCl3Cl2+PCl3PCl53Cl2+2Fe2FeCl3Cl2+CuCuCl2Cl2+2FeCl2=2FeCl32Cl2+2NaBr=2NaCl+Br2Cl2+2KI=2KCl+l25CL+12+6HO 2HIQ+10HClCl2+NaS=2NaCl+SjC

15、l2+HS=2HCl+SjCl2+SO+2Ho= HSO+2HClCl2+HSO+HO= H，S（4+2HClCl2+HO=HCl+HClOCl2+HQ = 2HCl+OCL+2NaOH NaCl+NaClO+2O2Cl2+2Ca（OH户 CaCb+Ca（ClO）2+2HO3Cl2+6KOH热、浓）=5KCl+KClO+3HOHCl6HCl+2Al = 2AlCl3+3HT2HCl+Fe= FeCL+HT、工4HCl（浓）+MnOMnCHCl2+2HO4HCl（g）+O22Cl2+2HO16HCl+2KMnO 2KCl+2MnC2+5Cl2+8HO14HCl+KCr2O = 2KCl+2CrC

16、la+3Cl2+7H2OHCl+NH=NHCl （白烟）2HCl+FeO FeCl2+3HO6HCl+FeQ=2FeCL+3HO8HCl（浓）+Fe3Q=FeCl2+2FeCb+4HOHCl+NaPO= NaHPO+NaClHCl+NaHPO= NaHPO+NaClHCl+NaHPO= HPO+NaClHCl+NaCO= NaHCONaClHCl+NaHCO= NaCl+HO+COHClOHClO=HCl+M.澳Br2Br2+H2HBrBr2+Fe= FeBraBr2+2FeBr2= 2FeBr3Br2+NaI=NaBr+l2Br2+HI = HBr+l2Br2+HO=HBr+HBrOBr2+

17、NaOH NaBr+NaBrO+2OBr2+SG+2HO= H2SO+2HBrBr2+HS=SJ +2HBr2Br2+3NaCG+HO=2NaHCO2NaBrO+2NaBr+C OHBrHBr+NaO HNaBr+HO2HBr+Cl2 = 2HCl+BL4.碘2I2+H- -2HII2+Fe Fel2二、氮族元素.氮NN+3Hl2NHN+O-2NO点燃N+3Mg= MgN2N2+6Na=2Nc3NNO NO、NQ2NO+俳 2NONO+NO2NaOH2NaNO （用于制硝酸工业中吸收尾气中的NOW NO）催化剂6NO+4NH 5N+6HoNG+2KI+H2O= NO+2+2KOH（不能用淀粉K

18、I溶液鉴别澳蒸气和NO）4NO+HS= 4NO+SGHONO+SO= SO+NO3NO+HO= 2HNO+NONO+HO=2HNOHNO3HN+Ag3PO= HPO+3AgNOAl+4HNO（稀）=Al（NO3）3+NOt +2H2O12+2NaOHNaI+NaIO+HOHI2HIH2+I22HI+Cl2=2HCl+I2HI+NaOHNaI+HO 催化剂 一3A&S3+28HN辱4Ho= 6HAsO+9HSO+28NOT、a木木4HNQ 浓）+=COT +4NO T +2HO2HNGCaCO= Ca（NO）2+HO+COt6HNGFe= Fe（NO） 3+3NOT +3H2O4HNGFe= F

19、e（NO） a+NOt +2H2O30HNG8F 8Fe（NO） 3+3NOT +15H2O36HNO10Fg 10Fe（NO） 3+3N T +18H2O30HNO8F 8Fe（NO） 3+3NHNO+9HOFeO+4HN Fe（NO）3+NOT +2H2O3HS+2HNO 稀）=3SJ +2NO+42O4HNO=4NO+O+2HO （见光或受热分解）NH+HNO=NHNO（白烟）（用HNOffi浓HSO不能制 备 HS HI、HBr、SO）3NaS+8HNO 稀）=6NaNG2NO+3s +4H2O3NaSO+2HNO 稀）=3NaSO+2NOT +HO3ChS+22HNO 6Cu（NGh

20、+10NCf +3HSO+8Ho5HNQ 浓）+P=HPO+5NOT +HOP4+20HNO 浓）=4HPO+20NO4HoS+6HNO 浓）=HSO+6NOT +2H2O3S+4HNO 稀）=3SOT +4NCf +2HOS+6HNO 浓）=H2SO+6NOT +2H2O3Ass+28HNO 稀）+4H2O= 6HAsO+9HSO+28NC1A8S3+28HNO 浓）=2HAsO+3HSO+28NOT +8HONH2NH+3CuO=3Cu+N+3HO2NH+3c N+6HC18NH+3c12= N+6NHC1一 点燃4NH+3Q（纯氧）=2N+6Ho催化剂4NH+5Q = 4NO+62O4N

21、rH+6NO= 5N+6HO（用氨清除 NONH+HC1=NHC1 （白烟）NH+HNO=NHNO （白烟）2NH+HSO=（NH）2SONH+NaC1+HO+CO=NaHCQ +NHC1 （侯氏制碱法）2NH+SO+HO= （NH）2SO木NH HzONHf +HO_+NH+HgNH H2gNH+OHCaCL+NHf +HONHCl = NH+HCl 2NHC1+Ca（OH）=CaCL+NHf +HONHC1+NaOH= NaC1+NHT +HONHC1+NaOhk NaC1+NH H2O.磷P2Q、P2Q、RS3P2Q+HO（冷）=2HPOP2Q+3HO（热）=2HPO （P2Q极易吸水、

22、可作气体干 燥剂）P2Q+3HSO（浓）=2HPO+3SOP2Q+2NaOH2NaPOHOP2O+6NaOH 2N&PO+3HoP4s3+38HN+8HO= 9HSO+12HPO+38NOTHPO4HPO+Ca（PO） 2= 3Ca（HPO） 2HPO（浓）+NaBr= NaHPO+HBrHPO（浓）+NaI =NaHPO+HINHC1碳族元素、氧族元素一、碳族元素.碳CC+2F= CFC+2C2= CC4t日 点燃2C+0 少量）=2CO-一L B 点燃一C+虱足量）=COC+CO=2CO局温r r、t rj_uC+H CO+H （生成水煤气）2C+SiO=Si+2C0 （制得粗硅）C+Si

23、 = SiC （金刚砂）一 C+2S= CS电炉3C+CaO=CaC+COt电炉3C+SiO=SiC+2COtC+2HSO（浓）CO T +2SOT +2HO_ _、, * 一C+4HNO浓）COT +4NOT +2H2OCOccc c点燃 CCC2CO+O=2CO一 八J 八 一CO+CuOCu+CO3CO+FfO2Fe+3C。CO+2O：催化剂-ACO+2O：催化剂-ACG+HC（2+2Mg= 2MgO+CC（2+H2O= HCOCO+2NaOH过量）=NaCO+HOCO；过量）+NaOH NaHCOCC+Ca（OH）（过量）=CaCOj +HO2CQ 过量）+Ca（OH= Ca（HCO

24、2CC+2NaAlQ+3HO=2Al（OH）3 J +NaCOCC+GHONa+昨 GHOH+NaHCOCC+NaO=NaCO2CO+2NaQ = 2NaCO+OCC+NH+NaCl+HO=NaHCa +NHCI （侯氏制碱法）HCOHCO=CO T +HO2.硅Si rrSi（粗）+2CI=SiCl4SiCl 4+2H= Si（纯）+4HClSi（粉）+O2 SiO2Si+C= SiC （金刚砂）Si+2NaOH+昨 NaSiO3+2HSiO2 2C+SiO= Si+2CO电炉人3C+SiO=SiC+2COt点燃2Mg+SiO=2MgO+Si4HF+SiO= SiF4+2HO SiOz+2H

25、Si+2H2O SiO2+2Mg=2MgO+SiSiO2+CaO= CaSiOSiO2+2NaO等NaSQ+HO （常温下强碱缓慢腐蚀玻璃）高温SiO2+NaCO= NaSQ+COSiO2+CaCO CaSiQ+CO2NaOH+Si2 NaSQ+HO、氧族元素Q+2H =Q+K=2HO2Q+3Fe=点燃Q+SKO点燃=Fe3QSOQ+N2NO3Q2Q点燃4P+5O2PO- 一L B 点燃 一C+O（足重）COSi+O2SiO24Na+O= 2NaO2NaO+O=2NaQH2O2F2+2HO= 4HF+OCl2+HO= HCl+HClO2Na+2HO= 2NaOH+HMg+2bo Mg（OH）+

26、H T 高温3Fe+4HO（g）FeQ+4H电解 人 2HO=2HT +OSO+HO= H2SQSO+HO= FbSO3NO+HO= 2HNO+NONO+HO=2HNOBQ+HO（冷）= 2HPQRO+3HO（热）=2HPOCO+HUHCOHO2HO2 = 2H2O+OTHO+Cl2 = 2HCl+O5HO+2KMn（+6HCl= 2MnC2+2KCl+5O T +8H2O.硫SS+HHS2S+C= CSS+F=FeSS+2Cu=CitS3S+2AlAl2&S+Z=ZnSc c点燃S+O=SOS+6HNO 浓）=HSO+6NOT +2H2O3S+4HNO 稀）=3SOT +4NOT +2H2O

27、 3S+6NaO2Ng2S+N+HO= Al(OH)3；AlO2+4Ff = Al 3+2HO9AlO2 +30Hf=2Al(OH)3 J +7Al3+12HO (当 n(NaAlO2)/ n(HCl)=3:10 时)3 AlO2 +FeT+6HO= Fe(OH)4 +3Al(OH)3 J AlO 2 + NH4 +HO= Al(OH)3 J +NHTAlO2 +HCO3 +HO= Al(OH)3 J +CO22AlO 2 +CO3HO= 2Al(OH)3； +CO2 AlO 2 +C(2+2HO= Al(OH)3； + HCO3Al2Q+6l4 = 2Al3+3HO _ _ _ _Al2Q+

28、20H = 2AlO 2+HOAl(OH)3+3l4= Al3+2HOAl(OH)3+2OH= AlO 2 +2H2OAgAg+H2O=AgOH+H _ +Ag+NH , HO= AgOH + NH4Ag+2NH H2O= Ag(NH 3)2 +HOAg+C= AgCl JAg+Br- = AgBr JAg+I - = Agl J3Ag+ PO4 =AgPOj +22Ag+CO 3 =AgCOjAgCO+2l4 = 2Ag+COT +HOAgPO+3l4=3A6+HPO2Ag(NH3) 2 +2OF+CHCHO CHCOG NH 4 +2Ag J +3NH+H2。2Ag(NH3) 2 +2O5

29、CHOH(CHOHCHaCHOH(CHOH )4COG NH 4 +2Ag J +3NH+HO BaBf+SO4 =BaSOjBsT+CO； =BaCOj 3BsT+2 PO； =Ba(PQ)2，Bf+2OH+CO= BaCOj +HOBC2+2OI:+2FI+SO2 = BaSOj +2HO (NaHSOS液中 加Ba(OH),使溶液呈中性)Bf+OH+l4+SO2 =BaSOj +HO (NaHSO液中力口Ba(OH),使BcT全部沉淀)BaC2H+=Cl+COT +HOBr2Br-+Cl2=2C+Br2Br2+SO+2Ho= 2B1+2l4+SO24Br+2Fe2+3Cl2=2Fe3+2

30、Br2+6C(足量 Cl 2)2Br-+2Fe2+2Cl2=2Fe3+Br2+4C(当n(FeBr2)/ n(Cl 2)=1:1 时)10Br-+6Fe2+8Cl2=6Fe3+5Br2+16C(当n(FeBr2)/ n(Cl 2)=3:4 时)C TOC o 1-5 h z 2+CO3 +2Ag = AgCOj22+CO3 +Ba = BaCOj22+CO3 +Ca = CaCOCO 2 +2l4=CO T +HO_ _ 2-.CO3 +HO= HCO3 +OH23+3CO 3 +2Al +3HO=2Al(OH)3 J+3COT3 CO 3 +2FeT+3HO=2Fe(OH)4+3COTCO+

31、AlO 2 +3HA2Al(OH)3 J +CO2CO+AlO 2 +2HO= Al(OH) 3 J + HCO 3CO+OH= HCO3CO+Bf+ZOFH BaCO； +H2O-2_C(O+2OH=CO3 +HO3CO+50H=2CO3 +HCO3+2HO (当n(CQ)/ n(NaOH)=3:5 时)CO+SiO2 +2HO=HSiO4, +CO2CaCf+2OH+CO= CaCOj +H2OCf+2OH+SO= CaSO ； +H2OCf+ZClO+SO+H决 CaSOj +HClO+f+Cl-(少量 SO)Cf+ZClO+ZSOMHO=CaSOj +2Cl-+4l4+SO4 (足量S

32、O)Cf+ZClO+CG+HO= CaCOX +2HClOCaCO2l4= Cf+COT +HOClCl2+HO= Cl-+H+HClOCl2+2OH= Cl-+ClO+HOCl2+2OH= Cl-+ClO+HOCl2+2I- = 2Cl-+l2Cl2+HSO+H氏 2Cl-+SO2 +4rfCl2+HS=2Cl-+2l4+SjClz+ZFeTMZFeTzCl-(向 FeBr2溶液中少量 Cl2)BClz+ZFeT+dBr =2Fe3+2Br2+6Cl-(足量 Cl2)2Cl2+2Fe2+2Br- = 2Fe3+Br2+4C(当n(FeBr2)/n(Cl 2)=1:1 时)8Cl 2+6Fe2

33、+10Br = 6Fe3+5Br2+16Cl- (当n(FeBr2)/ n(Cl 2)=3:4 时)Cl2+2I- = 2Cl-+l2Cl2+2I-=l2+2C(向Fel2溶液中通入少量 Cl2)3Cl2+2Fe2+4I-=2Fe3+2l2+6C(足量 Cl2)4Cl2+2Fe2+6I-=2Fe3+3l2+8C(当n(FeI 2)/ n(Cl 2)=3:4 时)2Cl+4+Mn% M吊+Cl2 T +2HOCl+Agf=AgCl JClO+Hf=HClOClO+SO+H氏 2h(+c+so2 ClO+H=HClO+OHCr 2+3+3+_Cr2O7 +6Fe +14H=6Fe +2Cr +7H

34、2OCuCu+2Fe=2Fe2+Cii+3Cu+2NO3 +8Ff=3CiT+2NOt +4HOCiT+2HO=Cu(OH+2l4ClT+2NH - HO Cu(OH J +2NhfCiT+2Na+2bO=2N4+Cu(OH)，+HT 2+Cu +HS=2H+CuS；CiT+F Cu+FM 2+-Cu +2OH=Cu(OH)4CuO+2HCiT+HOFeFe+2H=Fe2+H TFe+cU+=Fe2+CuFe+2Fe+=3Fe2+Fe2+2OH= Fe(OH)42Fe2+Cl2 = 2Fe3+2Cl-2Fe2+Br2 = 2Fe3+2Br-4Fe2+O+4Hf= Fe3+2HO 12FeT+3

35、O+6HO=8Fe3+4Fe(OH) J 2Fe2+HQ+2l4=2Fe3+2HO 6Fe2+Cr2O7 +1414= 6Fe3+2Cr3+7HO2+3+2+5Fe +MnO4 +8H=5Fe +Mn 4HO3Fe2+NO3+4l4 = 3Fe3+NO +2HOFe +S = FeS J2FeT+Cl2=2Fe3+2Cl-(向 FeBr2溶液中通入少量Cl2)2Fe2+4Br+3Cl2=2Fe3+2Br2+6Cl-(足量 Cl2)2Fe2+2Br+2Cl2=2Fe3+Br2+4Cl-(当n(FeBr2)/ n(Cl 2)=1：1 时)6Fe2+10Br+8Cl2=6Fe3+5Br2+16Cl-

36、(当n(FeBr2)/ n(Cl 2)=3:4 时)2FeT+4I-+3Cl2=2Fe3+2l2+6Cl-(向 Fel2溶液中足量 Cl 2)2Fe2+6I-+4Cl2=2Fe3+312+8Cl-( 当n(FeI 2)/ n(Cl 2)=3:4 时)Fe +3OH=Fe(OH)42Fe3+Cu=2Fe2+CiT2Fe3+Fe=3Fe2+2Fe3+Zn=2Fe2+Zn2+2Fe3+3Zn= 2Fe+3Zrn+Fe3+3HCO3 =Fe(OH)4 +3COTFe3+3AlO 2 +6HO= Fe(OH J +3Al(OH)3；2Fe3+3C02 +3HO=2Fe(OH)4+3COT2Fe3+HS=

37、2Fe2+Sj +2lH2Fe3+S2- = 2Fe2+S J2Fe3+2I- = 2Fe2+l22Fe3+S0+2H0=2Fe2+S02 +4l4 3+Fe +3SCN= Fe(SCN)3 (红色溶披)3+Fe +3H0= Fe(OH)3(月父体)+3HFeO+2H= Fe2+HOFeO+6l4=Fe3+3HOFeO+8l4 = Fe2+2Fe3+4HoFeS+2H= Fe2+HSTH20H+OH= HO2H0+2N主 2NS+2OH+H T+-2HO+2N2Q=4Na+4OH+Q TH0+NA2NS+20HFbO+C2=Cl-+H+HClOHQHQ+2I-+2l4= 12+2H2OHQ+2

38、FeT+2l4=2Fe3+2HO TOC o 1-5 h z +2+5HQ+2 MnO 4 +6H=2Mn +5O T +8HOHO+Cl2 = 2HI+2Cl-+Ot+2HO+SO=2H + So2HCO系歹Ihco=H+hco3_ _+_ _ 2HCO3 =H + CO；2HO+CO： hco3 +OHHCO 3+H2(=H2CQ+ OH2HCO3+OH =CO3 +HOHCO3+Hf=CO T +H2O3HCO3 +Al3+ = Al(OH)3 J +3COT 3+3 HCO 3 +Fe =Fe(OH)4 +3COT 2HCO3+Cf+20H =CaCOj +2HO+CO2 (向 NaH

39、C的液中加入少量澄清石灰水)HCO3 +Cf+OH = CaCO ； +HKX足量澄清石灰水) HCO3 +Cf+OH = CaCO； +H0(向 Ca(HCQ2溶液 中加入少量NaOH液) _ 2+22HCO3 +Ca +20H = CaCO； +2HO+CO2(Ca(HCQ2溶液中加入足量 NaOH液) 2HCO3+OH =C03 +HQ向NHHCO容放中加入少 量NaOH液)HCO 3 + NH 4 +20H = CO； +HO+NH HO (向NHHCO液中加入足量NaOH液) 2HCO3+SO=So2 +COT +H20 HCO3+AlO2 +H0= Al(0H)3 J +C02HP

40、O系列+HPO=H+H 2P04H2PO4=H+HPO2 hpo2 H+PO； HPQ+OH =H 2P04+H02H2P04+0H =HPO4 +HO HP04 +0H =P04 +HO P04 +H2OHPO2 +0H HP02 +140 H2P04+0HH2P04+H0 HPO+OH+32H+P04 = hpo2.+2H+HPO4 = H2PO4h+H2PO4 =HPOH2S系列H2S=H+HS hs=H+S h+S-=hs h+hs=h，s H20+S=HS+0HHS+HO H2S+OH hs+oh=hs+ho hs+oh=s2-+ho H2S+Cl2=2Cl-+2Fl+S； 2HS+

41、S%3SJ +2H0 2HS+O=2SJ +2HO HS+CUh 2H+CuS；H2S+(CHC0Q)Pb= PbSj +2CHC00H H2S+2O+S2+2HO 3HS+Al3+3HO=Al(OH)3 J +3HST F2S0系列hso= hi+hso3 +2 HS03= H+SO3HSOs+HOHSG+OH.-.2HSO3+OH=SO2 +H20 HSO3+l4=SOT +HO HSO+CL+H氏 2CI-+So4 +4HI2I-+2Fei+ = 2Fe2+l22I-+Cl2=2C+l22I-+Br2=2Br-+l2I -+Ag = AgI J2I-+HQ+2l4=I2+2HO5I-+I

42、O-+6l4=3I2+3HO12+2OFHI -+IO-+HO12+5Cl2+6HO= 12H+10CI-+2IO3MgMg+2H= Mg+HT Mg+20H=Mg(0HHMg +C0 3 = MgCCXMgCe2H+=Mg+C0t +H0 TOC o 1-5 h z MgO+24= Mg+HO +2+Mg(OH)+2H=Mg+2HoMnMnG2CI+4l4=M 吊+C3 +2Ho _ 2+3+2+MnO4+5Fe +8H = 5Fe +Mn4H02+2+2 MnO 4 +5SO2H0= 2Mn +5SO4 +4H 2MnO4 +5HQ+6H=2Mn+5O t +8HO+O-j-12MnO4

43、+5GH+36H=12Mn+10CQt +28 HO 2MnO4 +5C2O4 +16H = 2Mn+10COT +8H0 Na+A2Na+2bD=2Na+2OI-H-H t2+2Na+Cu+2HO- 2Na+Cu(0H) ； +H tNH系歹UNH4+HO=NH - HO+H2NH4+SQ： +HO=HSiO4； +2NHtNH4+AI02+HOAI(OH)3； +NHtNH4 + HCO3+20H= CO3 +HO+NH HO(向 NHHCO溶液中加入足量NaO皤液)N+H2=NH HONH HO=NH4 +0H + , +NH - HO+Ag= AgOH +NH2AgOHAgO+bD (AgN液中加入少量氨水) 2NH- H2O+Ag=Ag(NH3)2 +H0 (足量氨水) 2NH - HO+Cu = Cu(OH) ； +2 NH4 (向 CuSQ容液中 加入少量氨水)4NH- H2O+CU = Cu(NH3)4 +4H0 (足量氨水)2NH- FbO+Zn= Zn(OH ； +2NH+ (向 ZnCL 溶液中 加入少量氨水)4NH- FbO+Zn = Zn(NH3) 4 2+4HO (足量氨水)3NH- H2O+A+=AI(OH)3 J+3NH4NO- NO；32NO2+2l+4H = 2NOt +12+2 HO5 NO 2 +2 MnO 4