高中英语 2022届术科生高考语法基础课-现在完成时 （术科生）- 学案

1、Grammar - Present Perfect TenseLearning objectives:By the end of this lesson, you are expected to be able to:grasp the form, the meaning and the usage of Present Perfect Tense; (掌握现在完成时态的形式、意义和用法)master some key sentence patterns related to Present Perfect Tense；(掌握一些与现在完成时态相关的重要句型)3. use Present Pe

2、rfect Tense in different situations properly. (在不同的情况下正确地使用现在完成时态)Lead in:Activity 1 : Choose the right option (according to the pictures).1. I have worked at home for almost a month.2. They have been stuck at home for a long time.3. He has just finished his NAT.4. Max has not gone to bed. 5. The me

3、dical workers have left home. / The medical workers have been away from home for a week. Summary - the form of present perfect tense (现在完成时的形式)主动语态： 肯定形式：S + have/has + done +否定形式：S + have not/has not + done+疑问形式：Have/Has + S + done +被动语态：have /has +been +done现在完成时用法（一）- 已完成、影响性用法 现在完成时表示动作开始于过去，结束于

4、过去，但对现在仍有影响或造成结果。通常与表示包括现在在内的时间副词 just, already, yet, never, ever, lately, recently等状语连用。练习一：1. I _(have) lunch already. 2. _ the train _ (arrive) yet? 3. Tom _ never_ (be ) to China. 4. The twins _ just _(see) my father.现在完成时用法（二）- 未完成，延续性 现在完成时强调动作或状态发生于过去一直延续到现在，且有可能继续下去（适用于延续动词）; 可以和表示从过去某一时刻延续到

5、现在的一段时间的状语连用，如so far, up till now, up to now, in/ during the last/ past years, recently, lately, by this time, since等。练习二：1. We _ (study) English for about four years.2. We _ (live) in Yucai Middle School since 2007.3. I _ (not see）Mary so far.4. I _ (hear) nothing from him up to now.5. He _ (not ta

6、lk) with me in the past few days.注意 ！ 瞬时动词在现在完成时中的用法：瞬间性动词如 arrive, join , die, get , come, buy, sell, leave, borrow, marry 等，以及终止性动词如 start, begin, finish等，在现在完成时的肯定形式中不能与 “for + 一段时间”的时间状语连用，但可以用在否定句或这些动词对应的状态动词中。为了表述这种意思，我们常用相应的延续性动词have, keep, be等来代替非延续性动词。练习二：I. 判断正误： ( ) 1. He has left home. (

7、 ) 2. He has left home for 10 years. ( ) 3. He has been away form home for 10 years. ( ) 4. He hasnt left / has stayed here for 10 year. ( ) 1. He has come here. ( ) 2. He has come here for 3 days. ( ) 3. He hasnt come here for 3 days. ( ) 4. He has stayed here for 3 days. ( ) 5. He has been away fo

8、r 3 days.II. 选择正确答案。1. I have joined / been in the army for ten years.2. He has been to /gone to Dalian many times.3. She has got married / been married to Roberts for a year.4. He has gone / been away for two days.5. He has had / has bought this book for a year.现在完成时用法（三）- 经历用法现在完成时表示过去某一时间到现在这段期间内

9、曾经有过一次，两次等经历或到目前为止从未有过的经历。eg. Have you ever been to Japan?He has gone to London three times.We have never been to that island.与现在完成时有关的重要句式：1. This (That/It) is the first (second) time + that-clause (现在完成时).This is the first time that I _ (see) pandas. 这是我第一次看到熊猫。2. This (That/It) is the best/ fines

10、t /most interesting + that-clause(现在完成时).It is the most delicious food that I _(taste). 这是我吃过最美味的食物。3. It is/ has been+时间段+since. 自从.以来.(since 跟一般过去时)It _ (be) over seventy years since the Peoples Republic of China was founded. 中华人民共和国已经成立70多年了。拓展练习：1. He _(teach) English for twenty years.2. We _(kn

11、ow) each other since 1986.3. This is the best film that I _(see) .4. This is the first time that I _ (visit) Beijing.5. The film _(be) on for ten minutes.6. Great changes _(take) place in the past thirty years.7. I _( hear) nothing about him up to now.高考链接：1. The number of firms selling computers in

12、 this region _ (drop) since January 2012.2. We _ (do) quite enough work for the morning; now lets take a break.3. I hate moving.We_ (have) four moves in three years4. The musician along with his band members _ (give) ten performances in the last three months.5. I took notes during the meeting, but I

13、 _ (not have) a chance to write them into a report so far.6. Chinas high-speed railways _ (grow) from 9,000 to 25,000 kilometers in the past few years.7. During the last three decades, the number of people participating in physical fitness programs _ (increase) sharply.8. The population of Jiangsu _ (grow) to more than twice what it was in 1949. The f