钻井工程英语基础学习

1、第一章钻井设备crownblocks天车crown-o-matic,crownstopper防碰天车travelingblock游车monkeyboard二层台、猴台hook大钩swivel水龙头baillinks吊环washpipe冲管rotarytable转盘kellybushing方钻杆补心kellyspinner方钻杆旋扣器kellyhose水龙带elevator吊卡、电梯powertongs动力大钳powercasingtong动力套管大钳bushing补心drillpipeslips钻杆卡瓦rig钻机Rig3200132001钻井队drawworks绞车drillersconsol

2、e司钻控制台brakebar刹把brakeband刹带eddybrake,Elmagco电磁刹车cathead猫头pliers手钳wrench扳手socketwrench套筒扳手pipewrench管钳screwdriver螺丝刀hammer榔头chaintong链钳caliper卡尺mudpump泥浆泵valve闸门、凡尔valveseat凡尔座liner缸套airtugger气葫芦doghouse值班房、钻台偏房drillingline钻井大绳derrickraisingline起井架大绳brindleline起井架大绳rigfloor钻台derrick井架substructure底座pu

3、lsationdampener空气包mudtank泥浆罐triptank（起下钻）灌泥浆计量罐shaleshaker振动筛desander除砂器desilter除泥器degaser除气器mudcleaner泥浆净化器centrifuge离心机agitator搅拌机mudgun泥浆枪centrifugalpump离心泵flowline（泥浆）出水管flow（bell）nipple喇叭口standpipe立管standpipevalve立管闸门gooseneck鹅颈管SCR可控硅整流器lathemachineshop车工车间catwalk猫道、滑道V-door大门坡道piperacks管架台sui

4、tcase电缆槽子Geronimoline二层台逃跑绳generator发电机genset发电机组engine发动机dieselengine柴油机aircompressor压风机，空气压缩机airtank储气瓶reliefvalve安全阀pressure压力temperature温度diesel柴油40Woil40#机油gasoline汽油hydraulicoil液压油gearoil齿轮油failure故障battery电池，电瓶electrolyte电解液负载线loadlinejumper跨接线dieselfilter柴油滤子element滤芯oilfilter机油滤子airfilter空气

5、滤子part配件spareparts备件geology地质shale页岩sandstone砂岩Mu.八core岩心claystone泥岩developmentwell开发井exploratorywell探井wildcat野猫井payzone(payformation)生产层oilandgasshow油气显示induration(hardness)硬度formation地层sands(sandstone)砂岩quartzitesmdstone石英砂岩conglomerate砾岩gravel砾石1imestone石灰岩igneousrock(primaryrock)火成岩volcanicrocks

6、火山岩granite花岗岩marble大理岩quartzite石英岩lithology岩性geologicage地质年代era代trilobite三叶虫fossil化石stratigraphiccorrelation地层对比formation组member层correlationmarker对比标志markerbed标志层deposition沉积normalfault(gravityfault)正断层reversefault逆断层saltdome盐丘clay粘土sandstone砂岩porosity孔隙度methane甲烷ethane乙烷propane丙烷gasoline汽油fluoresce

7、nce萤光criticalpressure临界压力criticaltemperature临界温度concentration浓度samplecatchermudlog泥浆录井TDC钻井工程全面监测angleofbedding地层倾角保险丝fuse保险盒fuse-holder电开关electricswitch电压差voltagedifferential控制电路controlcircuit漏电流leakagecurrent有效值effectivevalue工作状态operatingcondition万用表multimeter测量导线testlead电力electricpower马力horsepowe

8、r风力windpower输入/输出input/outputpower额定功率ratedpower电阻值resistancevalue电感器inductor电容器capacitor信号监视signalmonitoring仪表面板face-plate半导体二极管somiconductordiode反向击穿电压reversebreakdownvoltage短路shortcircuit单向变压器single-phasetransformer分压器voltagedivider输入阻抗inputimpedance漏电流leakagecurrent正半周positivehalfcycle负半周negativ

9、ehalf-cycle调制波modulatingwave频率偏移frequencydeviation逻辑运算logicoperation整流器rectifier电源符号schematicsymbol电源变压器powersupplytransformer集成电路integratedcircuit稳压器voltageregulator变频器converter运算放大器operationalamplifier负反馈negativefeedback脉冲宽度pulsewidth启动开关starterswitch表盘watchcase可编程逻辑控制器programmablelogiccontroller集

10、成微计算机integratedmicrocomputer程序流程图perogarmflowchart操作系统operatingsystem控制部件controlunit开环系统open-loopsystem闭环系统closed-loopsysetm调节器regulator自动调节过程automaticregulatory响应时间responsetime模块测试moduletesting机器测试machinetesting振荡器oscillator测试点checkpoint放大器amplifier横截面积cross-sectionalarea补：立根盒：setbackareaDrillpipes

11、ledge钻杆爬犁Equipmentinspection设备探伤Mobilizationandriggingup设备搬迁和安装Defectiveequipment有缺陷的/不合格的设备Specificgravitybalance密度测试仪Water-lossfilterpaper失水滤纸PHpaperPH试纸Warehouse仓库Materialman材料员Greasegun黄油枪Hacksaw钢锯Steelbrush钢丝刷Plier钳子Ringspanner梅花扳手Walkietalkie对讲机Earthmover推土机Roadroller压路机Drainageditch排污沟Dredgev

12、.挖掘Survivalpassage逃生滑道Handrail扶手，护栏Weightindicator指重表Pressuregauge压力表Footage进尺Feedthebitinamoderateandjustifiedspeed送钻均匀、平稳第二章钻柱drillingstring钻柱bit钻头cutter牙轮motorbit马达（高转速）钻头breakinbit磨合钻头bitdullgrading钻头磨钝分级nozzle喷嘴clipper钳子snapring水眼卡子centerjet中间喷嘴bitprogram钻头设计bitrecord钻头记录bitgauge钻头规bitsize钻头尺寸b

13、itbreaker钻头盒子steelbit钢齿钻头insertbit镶齿钻头rockbit牙轮钻头PDCbit聚晶金刚石复合片钻头bitsub钻头接头shocksub减振器junk（boot）basket打捞杯drillcollar钻铤moneldrillcollar无磁钻铤stabilizer稳定器drillpipe钻杆HWDP=heavyweightdrillpipe加重钻杆drillingjar随钻震击器Kelly方钻杆TDS=topdrivesystem顶部驱动系统single单根stand立柱tooljoint接头第三章钻进drill钻进makehole钻进bottomsup迟到时间

14、bit钻头drillcollar钻铤drillpipe钻杆drillout钻水泥塞survey测斜deviation井斜azimuth方位MWD=measurewhilelogging随钻测量LWD=loggingwhiledrilling随钻测井MD=measuredepth测量井深TVD=trueverticaldepth垂深pumpslug(pill)压水眼circulate循环trip起下钻bitchange换钻头wipertrip短起下钻、拉井壁open扩眼ROP=rateofpenetration机械钻速WOB=weightonbit钻压RPM=revolutionsperminu

15、te转速SPM=strokeperminute冲数hookweight大钩载荷runmudovershaker振动筛跑泥浆drillingparameter钻井参数1m=3.281feet1in=2.54cm1pound=0.4536kg1psi=6.8948kPa1ftlbf=0.1356daNm1hp=0.746kWMarkintourbooksize&numberofdp,dc,hwdp,etc.Thatisonlocation.在班报表中记录井场钻杆、钻铤、加重钻杆等尺寸和数量等。Followmudreports-spudwithspudmud,mudup(followmudmansi

16、nstructions)遵循泥浆设计用开钻泥浆开钻，配泥浆（遵循泥浆工程师的指令）。Pumpwithboth115spmwith160 x305mmliners.Note:pumpsmaximumspmtocleanhole.双泵115冲分钟，缸套尺寸160mmX305mm冲程。注意：循环清洗井眼时应开到最大泵冲。Drillwith2-30tonswob&60-180rpmtomaximizepenetrationrate（useonly80rpmandonepumpuntil2dcbelowconductorshoe;thenuse2pumpsalways）（drilloutcementus

17、ing2pumps）以钻压230吨、60180转分钟来获得最佳机械钻速（在前2根钻铤出套管鞋前应用80转分钟、单泵，然后一直用双泵）（钻水泥塞用双泵）。Tripatspeedsoastonotswaborsurgehole.Becarefulformudrings&holepackoff.起下钻控制速度以便不拔活塞或压力激动，小心井壁泥饼和井眼堵塞。Circulate&workpipefor1/2hourtocleanhole（moreifholenotcleaning）循环、活动钻具半小时以便清洗井眼（如果井眼不干净应延长循环时间）Workpipe&circulatefor1/2hourto

18、cleanhole;besureviscosityisstillhighforrihcasing循环、活动钻具半小时以便清洗井眼，确保泥浆粘度仍然足够高以便下套管。Poohtorunsurfacecasing起钻下表层套管。Shakerscreensizes振动筛筛布尺寸Depth(mkb)ofanyproblemspots(boulders,tighthole,mudringsetc)任何复杂点的井深(台阶、遇阻井眼泥饼等)Besuremacpsheetispostedatchokemanifoldandremotechokepanel.Keeptrackofmudwt.Eachtour-b

19、esuremanifoldvalveslinedupcorrectly.保证最大允许关井套压张贴在节流管汇和节流远控台上，每班记录泥浆比重，确保节流管汇闸门排列正确。Themaximumallowablecasingpressure(macp)最大允许关井套压reducedspeedpumppressures低泵冲泵压Reamfr.711to732m,Pump8m3Hi-Vissweep从711米到732米划眼,打8方高粘Mudcancableandclamps(neednewMudcan)防喷盒的绳子和卡子(需要新防喷盒)。Needcentrifugeworking需要离心机能工作Needt

20、omovemixinghopperorinstallhopperoutside。需要把混合漏斗移出来或在外面安装一个新混合漏斗。NeedNewPoorboyDegasserW/wearplateinstalled.需要有耐磨板的新液气分离器第四章起下钻trip起下钻tripin下钻tripout起钻roundtrip起下钻wipertrip短起下钻（拉井壁）drytrip（不喷）起钻wettrip（喷）起钻pill（压水眼）重泥浆pumpslug打重泥浆pulloutofhole（POOH）forbit起钻换钻头changebit换钻头runinhole（RIH）下钻tightspot遇阻点r

21、eam划眼backream倒划眼circulate循环breakcirculation顶水眼washdownlaststand冲洗最后一柱fill沉沙offbottom提离井底washdown冲下去linepull大绳拉力（X4feet=大钳的上扣扭矩）makeuptorque上扣扭矩normaldrag正常阻力Whatsbottomsup?迟到时间是多少？Pulloutofhole起钻Breakcirc.顶水眼Slip&cutdrillingline划大绳和割大绳RIHfrom1115mto3679m-tightspotat3628m1115-3679米下钻3628米遇阻Wipertript

22、ocasingshoe.HoleOK拉井壁到套管鞋.井下正常Wearapprovedhard-hats,safetyboots,safetyglasses,fallrestrictors,coveralls,andapprovedclothes.穿带被认可的安全帽、安全靴、护目镜、防落差速器、工服和被认可的衣物。Watchforallpinchpoints,suchaspowertongs,slings,back-uptongs,slips,elevators当心所有夹持点，例如动力大钳、绳套、背钳、卡瓦、吊卡等。Runinhole下钻第五章完井waitoncement(WOC)候凝laydo

23、wndrillpipe甩钻杆nippledownBOP甩封井器第五章完井TD-totaldepth总井深log测井casingdrift套管通径规protector护丝dope丝扣油buttressthread梯形扣casingcapacity套管容积makeuptorque上扣扭矩casingsize套管尺寸nominalweight公称重量wallthickness壁厚insidediameter内径displacement排代量collapseresistance抗挤强度internalyieldpressure内屈服压力accessory附件casingbowl套管头intermedi

24、atecasing技术(中间)套管productioncasing油层套管centralizer扶正器grade纲级runcasing下套管pup(marker)joint短(标志)套管cement水泥cementcontamination水泥污染cementdisplacement水泥顶替cemented已封固的floatcollar浮箍floatshoe浮鞋stagecollar分级箍cementhead水泥头circulatingswage循环大小头chicksan高压旋转接头bottomplug下胶塞topplug上胶塞slurry水泥浆spacer隔离液leadslurry先行浆cl

25、ass“Gcement“G级水泥bumpplug碰压landingjoint联顶节第六章报表钻井日报表Dailydrillingreport报表号ReportNo泥浆密度kg/mA3Muddensity=kilogrampercubicmetre(k/mA3)泥浆泵冲程一mmPump-strokelength=mi11imetre(mm)悬重十牛顿Weightofstring=decanewton(daN)单位长度质量kg/mLinearmass=kilogrampermetre(kg/m)粘度秒/升Viscosity=secondperlitre(s/L)排量mA3/minFlowrate=

26、cubicmetreperminute(mA3/min)压力梯度千帕/米Pressuregradient=kilopascalpermetre(kPa/m)屈服点帕Yieldpoint=pascal(Pa),(y.p.)塑性粘度一一毫帕秒Plasticviscosity=millipascalsecond(mPas),(P.V.)切力帕Gelstrength=pascal(Pa)大绳完成的功兆焦尔Workcompletedbywireline=megajoule(MJ)内径和外径毫米Insidediameterandoutsidediameter=millimetre(mm)泵压千帕Pumpp

27、ressure=kilopasca1(kPa)钻压：指重表以十牛顿记录Weightonbit：Indicatorwi11：recorddecanewton租地Lease井号We11NoAPI井号APIWe11number日期Date年Yr.月Mo日Day作业商(甲方)Operator承包商(乙方)Contractor队RigNo施工单位代表签名Signatureofoperatorsrepresentative承包单位队长签名Signatureofcontractorstoo1pusher钻杆尺寸(规范)DP.size每米重kg/m钢级Grade接头外径ToolJTOD扣型Typethread

28、钻柱号StringNo.泵编号PumpNo.泵生产厂家Pumpmanufacturer型号Type冲程Strokelength时效分析一一小时Timedistribution=hours序号CodeNo.工作内容Operation白班Daytour晚班Nighttour安装与拆卸Rigupandteardown纯钻Dri11actua1扩眼Reaming取心Coring循环与处理泥浆Conditionmud&circulate起下钻Trips保养钻机Lubricaterig检修钻机Repairrig倒大绳与滑大绳Cutoffdrillinglineandslipdrillingline测斜De

29、viationsurvey测井wirelinelog下套管与固井Runcasingandcement候凝Waitoncement安装防喷器NippleupB.O.P防喷器试压TestB.O.P中途测试Drillstemtest打水泥塞Plugback挤水泥Squeezecement打捞Fishing定向工作Dirwork完井Completion射孔PerfRTN(Perforation)起下油管TBGTrips处理Treating抽吸Swabbing测试Testing其他AdditNL第七章钻井液mud泥浆drillingfluid钻井液cutting岩屑mudchemical泥浆药品mudc

30、ake泥饼mudweight（density）泥浆重量（密度）viscosity粘度filtrate滤液waterloss失水gelinitial初切力gelstrength静切力solidcontrolequipment固控设备shaleshaker振动筛desander除砂器desilter除泥器centrifuge离心机screencloth筛布ply层mesh（筛布）目PH酸碱值mudpit泥浆池MBT=methylenebluetest亚甲基蓝测定法KCL氯化钾lime石灰SAPP=sodiumacidpyrophosphate粒状焦性磷酸钠NaOH氢氧化钠，烧碱mudtank泥浆罐

31、mudgun泥浆枪triptank（起下钻）泥浆计量罐activetank上水罐，在用罐intermediatetank过渡罐GPM=gallonperminute加仑/分钟1USgallon美加仑=3.785liters升1barrel桶=0.159cubicmeters立方米1SG（比重）X8.33=1ppg磅/加仑Thetypesandquantitiesofsolidspresentindrillingmudsystemsdeterminethefluiddensity,viscosity,gelstrengths,filtercakequalityandfiltrationcontr

32、ol,andotherchemicalandmechanicalproperties。泥浆中固相的含量和种类，直接决定着泥浆的密度、粘度、切力、泥饼质量和失水控制，以及其它化学和机械性能。Solidsandtheirsvolumesalsoinfluencemudandwellcosts,includingfactorssuchas,rateofpenetration,hydraulics,dilutionrates,torqueanddrag,surgeandswabpressures,differentialsticking,lostcirculation,holestability,an

33、dbitballing,theseinturn,influencetheservicelifeofbits,pumpsandothermechanicalequipment固相及固相含量也影响着泥浆和钻井的成本。包括：钻速、水力破碎、稀释成本、扭矩和磨阻、激动和抽吸压力、压差卡钻、井漏、井壁稳定、泥包钻头。这些特征相应影响钻头的寿命、泵和机械设备。第八章定向钻井directionalwell定向井direction方位toolface工具面survey测斜azimuth方位角devition井斜buildup增斜dogleg狗腿hold稳斜dropoff降斜target靶kickoff造斜KO

34、P=kickoffpoint造斜点MWD=measurewhiledrilling随钻测量LWD=logwhiledrilling随钻测井PowerDrive旋转导向MD=measuredepth测量井深TVD=trueverticaldepth垂深motor马达slide滑动（钻进）stabilizer稳定器sleeve套筒mandrel心轴functiontest功能测试download下载第九章事故和复杂处理bitballing钻头泥包bitbounce跳钻lostcirculation井漏getstuck卡钻tightspot遇阻点cavein井垮slough坍塌kick井涌mudga

35、in泥浆增量mudloss泥浆漏失blowout井喷killwell压井differentialsticking压差卡钻keyseat键槽freedrillpipe钻杆解卡freepoint卡点backoff倒扣squeezecement挤水泥overshot卡瓦打捞筒grapple卡瓦spiralgrapple螺旋卡瓦basketgrapple篮状卡瓦reversecirculatingjunkbasket反循环bootbasket打捞杯fishingtap打捞公锥spear打捞矛safetyjoint安全接头impressionblock印模fishingmagnet打捞磁铁freepoi

36、ntindicator测卡仪hookwall壁钩millshoe磨鞋washoverpipe套铣筒hydrauliccutter水力割刀acidwash酸洗setplug打水泥塞sidetrack侧钻fishingtool打捞工具fishingjar打捞震击器bumpersub地面震击器LCM=lostcirculatingmaterial堵漏剂第十章井控pressurecontrol压力控制pressuregradient压力梯度normalformationpressure正常地层压力abnormalformationpressure异常地层压力kick井涌blowout井喷blowout

37、preventer(BOP)防喷器annularBOP环形防喷器upperpiperamsBOP上半封防喷器lowerpiperamsBOP下半封防喷器blindramsBOP全封防喷器accumulator储能器killline压井管线chokemanifold节流管汇poorboydegaser液气分离器remotecontrol远控台kill压井drillersmethod司钻法IBOP内防喷器checkvalve单流阀safetyvalve安全阀HCR液动放喷阀kellycock方钻杆旋塞casingpressure套管压力standpipepressure立管压leak-offtes

38、t地破试验第十一章安全环保HSE-health,safety,environment健康、安全、环境condition状况guard护罩stabbingvalve回压凡尔housekeeping设备管理safetypin安全销secure安全、固定ground接地ingoodshape状况良好goggles护目镜hearingprotection听力保护safetybelts安全带hardhat安全帽firstaidkit急救箱eyewashstation洗眼站fireextinguisher灭火器stretcher担架safetysign安全标志BOPdrill防喷演习MSDS-materi

39、alsafetydeliversheet材料安全运输单alarm报警runoff排泄certificate证书第十二章搬迁和安装rigmove钻机搬迁sling绳套、吊索shackle“U”型卡子、绳环子chain链子boomer紧链器、紧绳器hammer榔头wrench扳手cellar圆井rigup安装rigdown拆甩spudin开钻Kelly方钻杆truck卡车pickup皮卡bedtruck（带滚筒的）背lowboy矮平板拖车highboy高平板拖车tractor拖拉机、牵引车backhoe挖掘机dozer推土机slackoff下放load装货offload，unload卸货rope绳子mudpump泥浆泵conductor导管rotarytable转盘foot英尺（feet是foot复数