意大利语介词的用法与技巧

1、无形态变化 ,也可以叫 介词 ,在句中起连接词汇的作用,前置词 很多 ,我们只说常用的几种 :常用介词 di,a,da,in,con,su,per,tradi 指出后面的词是前面的所属,或进行某一性质的说明和限定.la chiave di casa家的钥匙la data di nascita出生日期a 指出方向vado a venezia我去威尼斯da 指来源vado da beijing我从北京来!in 指出时间或空间的地置(在.中 )vive in italia 他在意大利生活con 指伴随 ,参与vado con lui 我和他一起去su 在 . 上的位置il libro e sul t

2、avolo书在桌子上per 表示目的 ,原因 ,经过等faccio cosi per mio figlio我这样做是为了我儿子 .tra,fra 二个通用 ,表示处于二种或二种以上之中的状态tra il libro e il quaderno ce una penna书和本子之间是一支笔前置词之后还可以跟动词不定式,组成各种不明确从句,如 :Spero di imparare litaliano我.希望学会 意大利语 .di imparare l italiano是动词sperare 的不明确宾语从句AThe Italian preposition a can mean to, at, or

3、in, depending on how you use it in context. You will need preposition a in the following cases:To express the idea of going somewhere or staying somewhere (with names of cities):Vado a Milano. (I go to Milan.)Vado al mercato ogni luned . (I go to the market every Monday.) Si trova a Venezia. (It can

4、 be found in Venice.)Si trova alla piazza. (It can be found in the plaza.)Before direct objects:Scriva a Rita. (He/she writes to Rita.)Scriviamo alla zia. (We write to our aunt.)Telefono agli amici. (They call their friends.)3. The prepositiona is also used with severalverbs.Often those areverbs of

5、motion, but in other instances its a case of usage. That meanseitheryoullhave to commit them to memory, or,more likely,youllgrowaccustomed to the usage over time as you listen and read Italian:andare a. (to go to)fermarsi a. (to stop)incoraggiare a. (to encourage)invitare a. (to invite to)insegnare

6、a. (to teach)riuscire a. (to be careful)venire a. (to come to)To form several grammatical constructions with particular significance:a mezzogiorno (at noontime) alle tre (at three)barca a vela (sailboat) sedia a rotelle (wheelchair)InUsuallythe Italianprepositionin means inin English,but itcan alsom

7、ean to or by! The preposition in is used in the following cases.To express the idea of going somewhere or staying somewhere (with countries, continents, regions, large islands, and addresses):Vado in Italia. (I am going to Italy.) Vado nella Sicilia. (I am going to Sicily.)Abita in Germania. (He/she

8、 lives in Germany.) Roma in Italia. (Rome is in Italy.)In describing a method of transportation:In dates note that nel is the contraction for the prepositional article in + il:Cristoforo Colombo nato nel 1451. (Christopher Columbus was born in 1451.)Caravaggio morto nel 1570. (Caravaggio died in 157

9、0.)DaThe Italianprepositionda means fromin English.This prepositionis used in time expressions,in which case you may translateitas sinceor for. Italian uses the construction of present tense + da + timeexpressionsto indicatean actionthatbegan in the past and is stillgoingon in the present. For examp

10、le:Da quanto tempo leggiquesta rivista?(How long have you been readingthis magazine?)Leggo questa rivistada molto tempo. (Ivebeen readingthismagazinefor a long time.)Da is also used in the following instances:1. To express the equivalentof the Englishphrase atthe house of:Vado dal fratello. (Im goin

11、g to my brothers house.)Vado da Filippo. (Im going to Filippos house.)Andiamo dai signori Rossi. (Were going to the Rossis house.)Andiamo da Gino. (Were going to Ginos house.)2. To indicate origin or source:Vengo da Torino. (I come from Torino.)Vengo dalla Francia. (I come from France.) tornato dall

12、e vacanze. (He is back from vacation.) tornato dagli zii. (He is back from his aunt and uncleshouse.)3. To indicate the worth or price of something:Voglio un francobollo da cento lire. (I want a 100 lire stamp.) una casa da poco prezzo. (Its a house of little worth.)DiThe Italian preposition di mean

13、s of in English. It is used in the following cases:1. To indicate possession:il libro di Maria (Marias book)la padella del cuoco (the cooks pan)la casa dello zio (the uncles house)2. To indicate what an object is made of:il tavolo di legno (wooden table)la spada di metallo (metal knife)la medaglia d

14、i bronzo (bronze medal)3. To indicateoriginusing the verb essere + di + nomedi citt(nameof the city):Elisa di Napoli. (Elisa is from Napoli.)Maurizio di Prato. (Maurizio is from Prato.)The preposition di is used with certain verbs and adjectives: Accorgersi di qualcosa (to notice something)Innamorarsi di qualcuno (to be in love with someone) Malato di una malattia (ill with a sickness)Vergogn