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1、2022年中考英语二轮复习之定语从句一.选择题(共20小题)(2021西宁)- - I have read books were written by Charles Dickens. TOC o 1-5 h z -So do I.David Copperfield is my favorite.()A. howB. whoC. whatD. that(2021 株洲)The active ladies like music they can dance to.()A. thatB. whereC. who(2021 湘西州)-What kind of music do you like?-I
2、 like music I can sing along with.()A. thatB. whoC. what(2021 毕节市)Great changes have taken place here.Everything comes into myeyes is so new to me.A. thatB. whichC. whoD. whom(2021 长春)I will never forget the people helped me a lot during my hard time.( )A. whichB. whoC. whoseD. whom(2021 鄂州)-Yuan Lo
3、ngping is a hero is known for developing hybrid rice (杂交水稻). TOC o 1-5 h z -Yes.He is a great man.()A. whichB. whomC. whatD. that(2021 岳阳)All of the classmates prefer the song Shao Nian.()that they can sing along withwhich can they sing along withwho they can sing along with(2019岳阳)Ill never forget
4、the story.()A. that cheers me upB. who cheers me upC. what cheers me up(2018自贡)In the program The Singer in 2018, I like Hua Chenyu most.一Yes.He is the singer won the first prize of Happy Boy*s Voice in 2013.()A. whatB. whichA. whatB. whichC. who(2018大庆)Now machines do the workmen once did by hand.(
5、)A. whoseB. whichC. whomD. who(2021 平阳县模拟)Ben plans to visit this weekend. He cant wait to enjoy thefamous paintings .()a park that has many kinds of flowersher grandfather who lives in a villagea museum that is full of great art worksMr. Green who is going back to the US(2021 重庆模拟)1 don,t know the
6、hero they are talking about, but I do know the cityhe saved a lot of people.()A. who;whereB. which; whereC. who; whichD. that; which(2021 温州模拟)-Lets book a for father for his birthday.-Thats a good idea. He always wants to learn to cook.()A hotel that has a great sea viewcourse which is about Italia
7、n foodtrip that is slow and comfortablerestaurant which plays nice music(2020* 南岗区模拟)-Frank, look! Who are the children under the tree waiting in aline? TOC o 1-5 h z -They are the students from No. 1 Middle School.()A. that areB. which isC. who is(2021 ,南岗区模拟)I think AI (人工智能)in many fields will to
8、 help us solve many problems in the future.()what is used; be usedwhich is used; be usedthat is used; use(2020鄂城区模拟)Im interested in you have said.()A. all whatB. all whichC. all thatD. that第2页(共 TOC o 1-5 h z (2020肇源县一模)The handsome man at the next door is very strange.()A. which standsB. that stan
9、dC. who is standingD. who stand(2020赣榆区三模)This is the best book I have read.()A. B. whoseC. whichD. who(2020鹿城区一模)My cousin likes to read magazines He can get some ideas about which places to travel ()that talk about popular cartoonsthat explain science experimentswhich tell stories of famous people
10、which introduce wonders of the world(2020东海县一模)以下各句中含有定语从句的是 .()The police have confirmed that the victim was a computer engineer.They were trying to find out whether the victim was killed at the scene.Were asking anyone who saw anything unusual to contact us.They were checking the scene for more cl
11、ues that will help solve the case.A.B.C.D.2022年中考英语二轮复习之定语从句参考答案与试题解析选择题(共20小题)(2021 西宁)-I have read books were written by Charles Dickens.-So do I.David Copperfield is my favorite.()A. howB. whoC. whatD. that【考点】定语从句.【分析】我读过查尔斯狄更斯写的书。我也是,大卫科波菲尔是我的最爱。【解答】考查定语从句。首先分析句子结构,本句中的 were written by Charles
12、Dickens.在复合句中作定语从句,由于先行词books为下文定语从句的逻辑主语,且指 物,所以引导定语从句的关系代词用that。在这句话中,that其实是代替了先行词books , 在从句中作were written的主语。who指人,在定语从句中作主语。that多指物,有时也 指人,在定语从句中作主语或宾语。how指怎么样,how不能引导定语从句。what是不 能引导定语从句的。what只能用来引导名词性从句,比如主语从句或者宾语从句,而定 语从句属于形容词从句。故选:D。【点评】本题考查定语从句的关系代词。做此题的关键是找准先行词,是人还是物,在 从句中做什么句子成分,然后根据语法选择
13、正确的引导词。(2021 株洲)The active ladies like music they can dance to.()A. thatB. whereC. who【考点】定语从句.【分析】这些活跃的女士们喜欢可以随着跳舞的音乐。【解答】分析句式,题干设空后是一个定语从句,修饰先行词music (音乐),music是 物质名称,因此应用关系代词that引导,且在从句中作dance t。的宾语,表示他们可以 跟着跳舞的音乐。故选:Ao【点评】解答定语从句考查点的题目时,需根据语境分析定语从句和其所修饰的先行词之间的关系,同时还要判断定语从句中所缺的成分,再正确作答。(2021 湘西州)-
14、What kind of music do you like?-I like music I can sing along with.()A. thatB. whoC. what【考点】定语从句.【分析】-你喜欢什么类型的音乐?-我喜欢能跟着唱歌的音乐。【解答】根据题干,可知考查定语从句,先行词是music,指物,作宾语,关系代词用that. 故选:Ao【点评】熟悉定语从句的用法,结合题意,给出答案。(2021 毕节市)Great changes have taken place here.Everything comes into myeyes is so new to me.A. that
15、B. whichC. whoD. whom【考点】定语从句.【分析】这里发生了巨大的变化。我所看到的一切对我来说都是如此的新鲜。【解答】根据题干,可知考查定语从句,先行词是everything,关系代词只能用that。故选:Ao【点评】熟悉定语从句的用法,结合题意,给出答案。(2021 长春)I will never forget the people helped me a lot during my hard time.( )A. whichB. whoC. whoseD. whom【考点】定语从句.【分析】我永远不会忘记那些在我困难的时候帮助过我的人。【解答】根据题干,可知考查定语从句,
16、先行词是people,指人,作主语,所以关系代 词用who.故选:Bo【点评】熟悉定语从句的用法,结合题意,给出答案。(2021 鄂州)-Yuan Longping is a hero is known for developing hybrid rice (杂交水稻).-Yes.He is a great man.(A. whichB. whomC. whatA. whichB. whomC. whatD. that【考点】定语从句.【分析】-袁隆平是一个以培育杂交水稻而闻名的英雄。-是的。他是个伟大的人。【解答】根据题干可知考查定语从句,先行词hero指人,且在从句中作主语,所以关系 代词
17、用who/thato故选:Do【点评】熟悉定语从句的用法,结合题意,给出答案。(2021 岳阳)All of the classmates prefer the song Shao Nian.()that they can sing along withwhich can they sing along withwho they can sing along with【考点】定语从句.【分析】所有的同学都喜欢他们能跟着唱的歌曲少年。【解答】分析句子结构,横线处是定语从句,先行词the song Shao Nian指物,用that/which 引导,定语从句中用陈述语序。故选:Ao【点评】分析句
18、子结构,判断先行词,选择正确的关系代词和语序进行作答。(2019岳阳)Ill never forget the story.()A. that cheers me upB. who cheers me upC what cheers me up【考点】定语从句.【分析】我将永远不会忘记那个使我兴奋的故事.【解答】本题考查的是定语从句的相关知识.ihestory (指物)是先行词,在所给的答案 中,可排除B和C,因为who引导定语从句只能指代人,what不能引导定语从句.that 引导定语从句时既可指人也可指物.故选:A.【点评】解答定语从句相关问题时,要弄清先行词是指人的还是指物的.(2018
19、自贡)In the program The Singer in 2018, I like Hua Chenyu most.Yes.He is the singer won the first prize of Happy Boys Voice in 2013.()第6页(共A. whatB. whichA. whatB. whichC. who【考点】定语从句.【分析】一在节目2018歌手中,我最喜欢华晨宇。一是的,他是赢得2013快乐男孩 声音一等奖的歌手。【解答】句意:一在节目2018歌手中,我最喜欢华晨宇。一是的,他是赢得2013 快乐男孩声音一等奖的歌手。what不引导定语从句;whi
20、ch哪一个,先行词一般为物; 定语从句的先行词是the singer,是人,所以用who引导定语从句。要用Who.故选:C=【点评】结合定语从句的先行词,确定是人还是物,即可选出正确答案。(2018大庆)Now machines do the work men once did by hand.()A. whoseB. whichC. whomD. who【考点】定语从句.【分析】现在机器做人类过去用手工做的工作.【解答】根据句意:现在机器做人类过去用手工做的工作.可知,考查定语从句的关系 代词,先行词是work,指物,所以关系代词用that/which. 结合选项,A.谁的B.哪 个C.谁,
21、宾格D.谁,主格.故选:Bo【点评】熟悉定语从句的基本用法,结合题意,给出答案.(2021 平阳县模拟)Ben plans to visit this weekend. He cant wait to enjoy thefamous paintings .()a park that has many kinds of flowersher grandfather who lives in a villagea museum that is full of great art worksMr. Green who is going back to the US【考点】定语从句.【分析】Ben计划
22、这个周末去参观一个充满伟大艺术作品的博物馆。他迫不及待地想要 欣赏这些名画。【解答】根据下句He cant wait to enjoy the famous paintings可知,Ben应该去参观跟画 有关的话题,结合选项可知,只有C项中提到art works,意为”艺术作品“,所以正确选 择为C。故选:Co【点评】考查定语从句,做题时结合选项选出跟所给信息相关的关键词,进行作答,最 后选出正确答案。(2021 重庆模拟)I dont know the hero they are talking about, but I do know the cityhe saved a lot of p
23、eople.()A. who; whereB. which; whereC. who; whichD. that; which【考点】定语从句.【分析】我不知道他们讨论的是哪个英雄,但是我知道他拯救了很多人的城市。【解答】结合语境,第一句,要表达的是“我不知道他们讨论的是哪个英雄”,先行词是 hero,英雄,所以关系词用who.第二句,要表达的是“但是我知道他拯救了很多人的城市。 ”,先行词是city,结合语境,可知要用关系副词where.故选:Ao【点评】结合题干,确定好先行词,然后确定相关的关系词,关系代词或者关系副词, 即可选出正确答案。(2021 温州模拟)-Lets book a f
24、or father for his birthday.-Thats a good idea. He always wants to learn to cook.()hotel that has a great sea viewcourse which is about Italian foodtrip that is slow and comfortablerestaurant which plays nice music【考点】定语从句.【分析】-咱们为爸爸的生日预定一门关于意大利菜的课程吧。-那真是个好主意。他一直想学习烹饪。【解答】hotel that has a great sea v
25、iew 可以看海景的酒店;course which is about Italian food 关于意大利菜的课程;trip that is slow and comfortable缓慢而舒适的旅行;restaurant which plays nice music播放好听音乐的餐厅。答语对前者的提议表示赞同,并且说爸爸一直想 学习烹饪,可知前面的提议跟烹饪有关,所以B项符合题意。故选:B =【点评】选项的从句都是陈述句,所以分析选项中句子的句意,结合语境选出正确答案。第8页(共(2020南岗区模拟)-Frank, look! Who are the children under the tr
26、ee waiting in aline?-They are the students from No. 1 Middle School.()A. that areB. which isC. who is【考点】定语从句.【分析】-弗兰克,瞧!正在树下排队等候的孩子们是谁?-他们是来自第一中学的学生们。【解答】根据题干可知考查定语从句,先行词the children在从句中做主语,并且是复数, 因此排除B和C.故选:A.【点评】熟悉定语从句的结构和用法是解题的关键,定语从句重点考查关系词的选择, 以及当先行词在从句中作主语时,从句谓语动词单复数的问题,因此要把握好这两点, 结合题意,给出答案。(
27、2021 南岗区模拟)I think AI (人工智能)in many fields will to help us solve many problems in the future.()what is used; be usedwhich is used; be usedthat is used; use【考点】一般将来时的被动语态:定语从句.【分析】我认为人工智能在许多领域中的使用,将被用于帮助我们解决未来的许多问题。【解答】AI是指物,在定语从句中要用关系代词which, that引导,分析选项只有B,第 二个空A1将被用于,被动语态be+动词的过去式。故选:B,【点评】掌握定语从句和
28、一般将来时态被动语态的使用规则,分析句意得出答案。(2020鄂城区模拟)Im interested in you have said.()A. all whatB. all whichC. all thatD. that【考点】关系代词;定语从句.【分析】我对你说的所有都很感兴趣.【解答】该句是定语从句,先行词是all,表示物,且定语从句中you have said缺宾语, 则应用关系代词that或者which.但all是不定代词,只能用that.第9页(共故选:c.【点评】本题要求学生掌握定语从句的用法,再根据先行词及定语从句即可作出选择.(2020肇源县一模)The handsome ma
29、n at the next door is very strange.()A. which standsB. that standC. who is standingD. who stand【考点】现在进行时;定语从句.【分析】那个正站在隔壁的漂亮男子非常奇怪.【解答】题干包括一个定语从句,先行词是man. which引导定语从句时只能指物,因 此可排除A.选项B和D中的that和who都可指人,但动词stand不能用原形动词, 因此本题正确答案是C (who is standing现行进行时).故选:C.【点评】解答本题要首先分析句子结构,找到考点,再结合所给选项作答.(2020赣榆区三模)
30、This is the best book I have read.()A. B. whoseC. whichD. who【考点】定语从句.【分析】这是我读过的最好的一本书.【解答】whose某人的或某物的,在定语从句中做定语;which代替物,在定语从句中做 主语或宾语;who代替人,在定语从句中做主语或宾语.定语从句先行词是Ihe best book, 前面有形容词最高级,关系代词用that, that在从句中是动词read的宾语,可省略.故选:Ao【点评】熟悉定语从句的用法,结合题意,给出答案.(2020鹿城区模)My cousin likes to read magazines . H
31、e can get some ideas about which places to travel.()that talk about popular cartoonsthat explain science experimentswhich tell stories of famous peoplewhich introduce wonders of the world【考点】定语从句.【分析】我表弟喜欢看介绍世界奇观的杂志.第10页(共【解答】先行词magazines,指代物,关系代词可用that或which,在定语从句中充当主 语,指代magazines,结合句意:我表弟喜欢看介绍世界奇
32、观的杂志.根据后面Hecanget some ideas about which places to travel.可知:他会获得一些去哪里旅行的建议.故选:D.【点评】本题考查定语从句的用法,在所给的选项与句子的语境相结合,从而判断出正 确答案.(2020东海县一模)以下各句中含有定语从句的是.()The police have confirmed that the victim was a computer engineer.They were trying to find out whether the victim was killed at the scene.Were asking
33、 anyone who saw anything unusual to contact us.They were checking the scene for more clues that will help solve the case.A.B.C.D.【考点】定语从句.【分析】1.警察证实受害者是一名电脑工程师.他们尽力去弄清楚受害者是否在现场被杀.我们让任何看见不寻常的事情的人联系我们.他们正在检查现场去寻找更多能帮助我们破案的证据.【解答】考查定语从句.定语从句在句中作定语,修饰一个名词或代词;被修饰的名词, 词组或代词即先行词;定语从句通常出现在先行词之后,由关系词引出,即:先行词
34、+ 关系词+定语从句.分析四个句子中,句中that是连接词,后面的句子the victim was a computer engineer作confirm的宾语,且是陈述语序,故该复合句是宾语从句;句中 whether是连接词,后面句子the victim was killed at the scene作find out的宾语,且是陈 述语序,故该复合句是宾语从句;句中anyone作不定代词是先行词,who是关系词, 也是后面句子的主语,后半句who saw anything unusual to contact us作定语,修饰前面 的anyone,故该复合句是定语从句;句中more clu
35、es作名词是先行词,that是关系词, 也是后面句子的主语,后半句that will help solve the case作定语,修饰前面的more clues, 故该复合句是定语从句;综合分析,是宾语从句,是定语从句.故选:C.【点评】宾语从句和定语从句是中高考的考点.其区别很简单,主要在于判断出从句在 主从复合句中担当什么成分.充当什么成分就是什么从句,另外宾语从句前是连接词, 第11页(共连接词前是及物动词,介词,或复合短语;而定语从句前是关系词,关系词前是先行词(名词或代词).它们的区别是很明显的,只要学会一种,区分另一种就很容易考点卡片.关系代词【概念】关系代词:定语从句修饰复合句
36、中的名词或代词,通常把这个被修饰词叫做先行词,把引导定语从句且在从句中作主语、宾语或定语的引导词叫做关系代词.【结构及分类】关系代词有主格,宾格和属格(所有格)之分,并有指人与指物之分. that的用法最广,that可指人也可指物.见表:限定性指人非限定性指物限定性 指物主格who/thatwhichthat宾格whom/thatwhichthat属格whoseof which/whoseof which/whose【用法】关系代词whowho表示的(人),在定语从句中作主语,不能省略,所引导的定语从句一般修饰指 人的名词或代词,在口语或非正式语言中,可作定语从句中的宾语,相当于whom,可省
37、略. 例:I know the lady is singing over there. She is our Chinese teacher.()A. which B. who C. whomD. whose分析:我认识正在那边唱歌的女士,她是我们的汉语老师.解答:B.分析句子得知,句子的主干是I know the lady,后文is singing over there是一个定语从句, 来修饰先行词the lady,在定语从句中作主语,由于先行词the lady,表示人,故可以用关系 词that或who,结合选项,故选B.点评:解答此类试题时,要充分理解上下文的语境,结合所给词,进行解答.关
38、系代词whomwhom表示的(人),在定语从句中作宾语,所引导的定语从句修饰指人的名词或代 词,常省略.例:Please tell me something about Yang Liwei.-He is a great astronaut of all the Chinese are proud.()A. thatB. whose C. whoD. whom分析:-请告诉我有关杨利伟的有关事情?-他是一个伟大的全中国人都引以为豪的宇航员.解答:D.that意思是那个,引导定语从句的时候,在从句中作主语或宾语;whose意思是谁的, 引导定语从句的时候,在从句中作定语;who意思是“谁”,引导
39、定语从句的时候,在从句中 作主语;whom意思是谁,在定语从句中作宾语.根据空格前面是介词of,因此可知在定 语从句中含有一个固定结构be proud of,这时候需要一个可以作of宾语的词,这时把of提 前,先行词是astronaut,是表示人的名词,所以还是要用whom来引导定语从句,综上所述, 故选D.点评:首先要掌握定语从句的用法,然后结合具体的题目,就可以确定正确答案.关系代词thatthat表示的(事物),所引导的定语从句修饰指事物或人的名词或代词,通常在定语 从句中作主语或宾语,作宾语时,常可省略.例:I hate the dogs live in the next house.
40、 They make loud noises all night.()A. who B. that C. what D. whom分析:我讨厌住在隔壁的狗,他们整晚发出噪音.解答:B.who意思是“谁指人,在定语从句中作主语;that意思是“那个,指人或指物,在定语从句 中作主语或宾语;what意思是什么,不能引导定语从句;whom意思是谁指人,在定语 从句中作宾语,根据先行词是the dogs,后面的定语从句缺少一个可以作主语的词,综上所 述,故选B.点评:首先要掌握这几个引导定语从句的词语的意思以及用法,然后结合具体的题目,就可 以确定正确答案.例:Ode to Joy (欢乐颂)is a
41、 TV play many people like.()A. why B. that C. who分析:欢乐颂是一部许多人喜欢的电视剧.解答:B.who意思是谁引导定语从句的时候,在从句中作主语,先行词通常是人;that意思是那个 ,引导定语从句的时候,在从句中作主语或宾语,所修饰的先行词通常是物;关系副词why 引导限定性定语从句修饰先行词reason,在定语从句中充当原因状语.根据a TV play一部 电视剧,这是一个表示物的先行词,所以要用that来引导定语从句,综上所述,故选B. 点评:首先要掌握定语从句的用法,然后结合具体的题目,就可以确定正确答案.关系代词whichwhich表示
42、的(事物),所引导的定语从句修饰指事物的名词或代词,其中which通 常在定语从句中作主语或宾语,作宾语时,常可省略.例: My hometown is the placeholds all my sweet memories.()A. who B. whichC. what分析:家乡就是那个承载了我所有美好回忆的地方.解答:B.首先根据语境推测句意是家乡就是那个承载了我所有美好回忆的地方.,分析句子结构, 本句中的holds all my sweet memories在复合句中作定语从句,由于先行词place为下文定语从句的逻辑主语,且指物,所以引导定语从句的关系代词用that或者which
43、,故选B. 点评:本题考查定语从句的关系代词.做此题的关键是找准先行词,是人还是物,在从句中 做什么句子成分,然后根据语法选择正确的引导词.关系代词whosewhose表示那个(那些)人的、它(它们)的“时,所引导的定语从句修饰指人或事物的名 词,其中whose在从句中作定语,修饰名词.例:-Who won the first prize in English speech contest?-The prize went to the girl speech was the most natural and fluent.()A. that B. whoC. whose D.不填分析:-在英语
44、演讲比赛中谁获得第一名?一等奖属于那个演讲最自然最流利的女孩.解答:C.首先分析句子结构,本句中的speech was the most natural and fluent在复合句中作定 语从句,由于先行词是the girl指人,且在定语从句中作定语,所以用关系代词whose引导 第15页(共定语从句,指谁的,表所属关系.故选C.点评:本题考查定语从句的关系代词.首先要掌握几个关系代词引导定语从句的用法,然后 结合具体的语句中的先行词,以及在定语从句作的成分,就可以做出正确选择.【易混淆点】(1) that和which都指事物时,一般可以通用.但在下列情况下多用that,不用which:先行
45、词为 all, everything, nothing, something, anything, much, little, few, nonet the one 等时.例:Say all (that) you know.把你知道的全部讲出来.Is there anything (that) I can do for you now? 现在我能为你做点儿什么吗?I mean the one that was bought yesterday. 我指的是昨天买的那个.先行词为序数词或被序数词(含last)修饰时.如:This is the first film (that) I have se
46、en since I came here.这是我到这里以来看的第一部电影.The last place (that) they visited was the Summer Palace.他们最后参观的地方是颐和园.先行词被形容词的最高级或the very the only等修饰时.如:This is the biggest apple (that) I have ever eaten.这是我吃到的苹果中最大的一个.She is the very thief (that) the police are looking for.她就是警方正在寻找的那个小偷.Mary is the only fr
47、iend (that) I have in Australia. 玛丽是我在澳大利亚唯一的朋友.先行词中既有人又有物时.如:We were deeply impressed by the teachers and schools that we had visited. 我们访问过的老师 和学校给我们留下了深刻的印象.先行词在主句中作表语,或关系代词在从句中作表语时.如:This is a dictionary that will help you a lot.这是一本对你很有帮助的字典.Dont cheat me. Im no longer the little boy that I was
48、 ten years ago. 别骗我了,我再也不是 十年前的那个小男孩了.(2)在下列情况下用which,而不用that:关系代词前有介词时.如:This is the house in which I lived ten years ago.这就是我十年前住过的房子.先行词本身是that时.如:What was that which he said? 3 他说了些什么?第16页(共在以who, which开头的句子中多用that.【解题方法点拨】结合具体的语句中的先行词,以及在定语从句作的成分确定使用哪个关系代词.如果缺少 主语、宾语、表语、定语用关系代词,如果缺少状语则用关系副词.先行词
49、本身是that时,避免重复用which,而不用that.【中考命题方向】中考英语试题常考查关系代词的用法,即关系代词who、whom、that、whosewhich的用 法及其它们之间的区别是考查的重点.2.现在进行时【概念】(1)现在进行时现在进行时表示正在进行或正在发生的动作或状态;也表示当前一段时间内一直从事的动 作.(2)概念点拨现在:动作发生的时间是“现在进行性:动作目前的状态是正在进行中持续性:当前一段时间内持续进行的动作.【结构】(1)现在进行时的构成:主语+be+动词ing (现在分词)形式.第一人称+am+doing+sth, I am doing my homework.第
50、二人称+are+doing +sth, We are waiting for you.第三人称+is+doing+sth, Mr. Green is writing another novel.(2)现在分词变化规则:直接+ ing.去e+ing.重读闭音节,且末尾只有一个辅音字母,双写辅音字母+ing.特殊变化:die - dying, lie - lying, tie - tying.不规则变化.【用法】(1)表示现在正在进行的动作或发生的事.第17页(共例:Look! The student in front you with her friends happily.()A. is ta
51、lking B. are talkingC. is talkD. are talk分析:看,你前面的学生正跟她的朋友开心地聊天.解答:A,由Look!一词可知此处应该使用现在进行时态,又主语为The student为单数, 因此be动词用is.故选A.点评:熟练掌握现在进行时态与主语单复数是答题要领.(2)表示现阶段正在进行的动作或发生的事.例:Joan can*t join us. She fbr the lesson she will have next week.A. preparesB. will prepareC. is preparing D. prepared分析:琼不能加入我们
52、,她正在准备下周要上的课.解答:C.现在进行时表示此时此刻正在进行的动作,其构成是:am/is/are+现在分词.根据Joan cant join us.”琼不能加入我们,结合给出的四个选项,因此可知这句话的意思是“琼不能加入我 们,她正在准备下周要上的课.“故选C.点评:首先要掌握这个句子的意思,然后结合具体的题目,就可以确定正确答案.(3)表示某个按最近的计划或安排将要进行的动作,或即将开始/结束的动作.常用的这类 的词有:go, leave, come, arrive, land, meet, move, return, start, stay, stop, do, dine, give
53、, have, pay, join, punish, spend, sleep, take, change, fly, work, wear, see, lunch* play 等.例:-Jack, Im worried. You dont know the way.-Dont worry, mum. Mr. Green me at the airport.()A. met B. was meetingC. is meetingD. has met分析:-杰克,我很担心,你不知道路.-别担心,妈妈.格林先生在机场接我.解答:C.根据Mr.Green me at the airport.可知一些
54、“位移动词”的现在进行时可以表将来的动作.常见的有leave, go, come等,这里句子说的是现在的情况,应该用现在进行时,现 在进行时的构成be+Ving.选项B是过去进行时.故选C.点评:首先要掌握这个句子的意思,然后结合具体的题目,就可以确定正确答案.(4)动作动词的进行时与always, forever, continually, constantly等连用,表示重复的动 第18页(共作,这种动作可能使人感到不满、厌倦或觉得不合情理,有时表示赞赏、满意.例:Tom is always coming late for class.汤姆上课总是迟到.Hes constantly cha
55、nging his mind.他老是改变主意.The man is always boasting.那人老爱吹牛.The students are making progress constantly.学生们在不断进步.【易混淆点】现在进行时与一般现在时:(1)这两个时态都与现在有关,现在进行时指现在此刻或现在这一时期内正在进行的动作, 强调暂时性、不稳定性.而一般现在时表示现在经常性、习惯性的动作或现在的状态,强调 长期性、稳定性.She is going to school now.(现在此刻正在发生的动作)She usually goes to school at seven ocloc
56、k.(经常性、习惯性动作)(2)现在进行时最容易出现错误的地方在动词的现在分词形式,我们在复习的时候要特别 注意不规则动词的变化形式.【解题方法点拨】根据时间状语确定时态,如:now, at the moment.根据关键词判断时态,如:look, listen.根据语境判断句子时态.【中考命题方向】对于现在进行时的考查,多以单选、句型转换、语法填空或词语运用的形式考查学生在具体 语境中灵活运用时态的能力.在考试中,现在分词的构成是易错的地方,也是考试的重点部 分.在平时训练中应该应注重现在分词构成的细节问题.一般将来时的被动语态【概念】(1)一般将来时的被动语态:表示将要发生的被动动作.(2
57、)被动语态:被动语态:(passive voice)是动词的一种形式,用以说明主语与谓语动词之间的关系.英语的语态共有两种:主动语态和被动语态.主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者,被动语态表示第19页(共主语是动作的承受者.被动语态是动词的一种特殊形式,一般来说,只有需要动作对象的及 物动词才有被动语态.汉语往往用“被”、受、给等被动词来表示被动意义.被动语态由 助动词be+及物动词的过去分词”构成.(3)及物动词:在英语中按动词后可否直接跟宾语,可以把动词分成两种:及物动词与不及物动词.字典里 词后标有vt.的就是及物动词,字典里词后标有vi.的就是不及物动词.不及物动词后不 能直接跟有动作的对
58、象(即宾语),若要跟宾语,必须先在其后添加上某个介词,如to, of, at后方可跟上宾语.及物动词可直接跟宾语.【结构】一般将来时的被动语态结构形式:主语+be going to/will/shall (第一人称)+be+及物动词的 过去分词.例: The problem will be discussed one by one at the meeting.会议上我们将会一个一个的讨论这些问题.主语+be going to/will/shall (第一人称)+be+ (by+宾语),其中by意为被;由,表 动作的执行者.例: The results of the survey will b
59、e published in the newspapers.调查的结果将会在报纸上被公布.其肯定式、否定式、疑问式的变化规则.如:The results of the survey will be published in the newspapers.(肯定式)The results of the survey will not be published in the newspapers.(否定式)Will the results of the survey be published in the newspapers ?(疑问式)Yes, they will. /No, they won
60、t.【用法】一般将来时态,在没有指明动作的执行者或者不知道动作执行者的情况下,可用被动 语态.例: A new school will be built here next year.明年一所新学校将会在这里建成.一般将来时,要强调动作的承受者而不是执行者时,用被动语态.例:We will invite Mr. Black to our fashion show.(改为被动语态)Mr. Black will be invited to our fashion show.第20页(共分析:布莱克先生将被邀请去我们的时装展.解答:be invited.主语Mr. Black是动词invite的承受
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