英语句子分类讲解专项练习

1、句子TheSentences知识重点：句子按使用的目的可分为四类：1、陈说句2、疑问句3、祈使句4、叹息句从构造上看句子可分为三种种类：1、简单句2、并列句3、复合句一、句子的种类（KindsofSentences）1、陈说句：1）必定句：Weloveourmotherland.我们热爱祖国。2）否认句：TheydontgotoworkonSundays他.们礼拜日不上班。说明：表达或否认一个事实或见解。2、疑问句：（1）一般疑问句：Areyouaworker你是个工人吗Yes,Iam.是的，我是工人。HaventyouseenthefilmNo,Ihaven你没t.看过这部电影吗没看过。说明

2、：以一个助动词，神态动词或动词be开始的问句。回答要用yes或（2）特别疑问句：Whoistheman此人是谁WhendoyouwatchTV你什么时间看电视Whataretheydoingnow他们此刻正在干什么no。说明：以一个疑问代词或疑问副词开头的句子一般要用倒装句语序（或称为疑问词加一般疑问句）（3）选择疑问句：DoyouwantteaorcoffeeEitherwilldo.你要茶水仍是要咖啡哪一种都行。DoeshelearnJapaneseorFrenchHelearnsFrench.他学日语仍是学法语他学法语。说明：提出两个或两个以上的状况，选择一个作为答案。（4）反意疑问句：

3、Theyaregoingtotheairport,aren他们要去tthey机场，是吗Youhaventfinishedyourhomework,haveyou你没做完作业，是吗说明：提出状况或见解问对方能否赞同。在陈说句后附带一个简洁的疑问句，即前面句子必定，后为否认；前面句子否认，后为必定。Heseldomwenttobedatten,didhe他极少在十点钟上床睡觉是吗HeknowslittleRussian,doeshe他几乎不懂俄语，是吗说明：当陈说句部分含有never,no,hardly,seldom,little等否认意义的副词时，附带问句用必定形式。3.祈使句：a陈说句：Bes

4、uretogetthereateight.八点钟必定要到那边。b否认句：Dontworry.Illhelpyou别担out心.，我会帮助你的。说明：表示命令，恳求，嘱咐，呼吁等，谓语动词用原形。4.叹息句：叹息句往常有what,how指引，表示赞叹、惊讶、愉悦、等感情。what修饰名词，how修饰形容词，副词或动词，叹息句构造主要有以下几种：掌握它的搭配，即掌握了叹息句的重点。How+形容词+a+名词+陈说语序。比如：Howcleveraboyheis!他是多聪慧的孩子！How+形容词或副词+陈说语序。比如：Howlovelythebabyis!小毛头真可爱！What+a/an+形容词+名词+

5、陈说语序。比如：Whatacleverboyheis!他是多聪慧的孩子！What+形容词+复数名词+陈说语序。比如：Whatwonderfulideas（wehave）!我们的想法真棒！What+形容词+不行数名词+陈说语序。比如：Whatcoldweatheritis!多冷的天！Whatacleverboyheis!的省略形式为：Whatacleverboy!what+n.：how+adj.：Howbraveheis!他多么英勇呀！how+adv.：Howhardtheyareworking!他们工作多努力呀！Howtimeflies!时间过得多么快呀！How+adj.+a(an)+n.Ho

6、wniceaboy(heis)！=Whataniceboyheis!多么好的孩子啊！说明：表示说话时惊诧，愉悦，气忿等情绪。what修饰名词，how修饰形容词、副词或句子。二、句子的种类（TypesofSentences）1、简单句的句子的种类：一个主语+一个谓语，例：Thegirlplaysthepianoeveryday.那女孩每日弹钢琴。两个主语+一个谓语，例：TomandIaregoodfriends.汤姆和我是好朋友。一个主语+两个谓语，例：Heopenedthedoorandleft.他翻开门出去了。两个主语或两个谓语或更多，例：MrandMrsSmithwenttothemark

7、et,boughtsomefruitandvisitedtheirfriends.史密斯夫妻去市场，买了些水果，并探望了朋友。构造特别：只含有一个词或一个词组，例：Hello!喂！Help!Help!救命啊！救命！Manythanks.万分感谢。2、简单句的基本句型（TheBasicSentencePatterns）句型构造：（1）主语+不及物动词：S+Vi.，例：Birdsfly.鸟飞Theydisappeared.他们消逝了。（2）主+连系动词+表语：S+V+P，例：Sheisauniversitystudent.她是一名大学生。Hehasbecomeapilot.他已成为一名飞翔员。（3

8、）主+及物动词+宾语：S+Vt+O，例：Helikesswimming.他喜爱游泳。Wehelpeachother.我们相互帮助。（4）主+及物动词+间接宾语+直接宾语：S+Vt+O+O，例：Itoldmyfriendthegoodnews.我把好信息告诉了我的朋友。Theysentusatelegram.他们给我们拍了电报。（5）主+及物动词+宾语+补语：S+Vt+O+C，例：TheynamedtheboyJack.他们给孩子起名叫杰克。Iwanteverythingreadybyeighto我要求clock全部都.要在八点前准备好。注：S=Subject（主语）Vi=Intransitiv

9、eVerbs（不及物动词）Vt=TransitiveVerb（及物动词）P=Predicative（表语）O=Object（宾语）C=Complement补语重点、难点：否认陈说句要注意以下几点：1）否认陈说句主假如在必定句中加not或no(=nota/any)组成的，除not和no外，用拥有否认意义的副词也可组成否认陈说句。常用的词有hardly,seldom,never,little,scarcely,barely,rarely等。2）其余成分的否认形式有些句子的构造上属于必定式，但含有否认意义的词，可分以下几种。否认的主语：Nobodywillagreewithyou.没人赞同你的建议。

10、Noneofthestudentslikethenovel.没有学生喜爱这本小说。NostudentherestudiesRussian.这里没有一个学生学俄语。否认的宾语：Wesawnothinginthedarkness.在黑暗中我们什么都看不见。Hewillborrowthebookfromnobody.他从谁那都借不来这本书。Youmustremembernottobelateforclass.你一定记着上课禁止迟到。否认的状语：Theycameherenotbybikebutonfoot.他不是骑车来的而是走着来的。Wecouldfindhimnowhere.我们什么地方也找不到他。

11、3）不定代词all,both,everyone或everybody用于否认句时，表示部分否认。Allthetreesherearenotappletrees.(=Notallthetreeshereareappletrees.)这里的树并不是都是苹果树。（有的是苹果树，有的不是。）Bothofthesistersarenotnurses.(=Notbothofthesistersarenurses.)这姐儿俩其实不都是护士。Everybodycantdoit.(=Noteverybodycandoit.)其实不是人人都能做这件事。【专项训练】：一、陈说句和疑问句：1、Theyhappywhen

12、theyhearthenews.AwillBwillbeCwereDdont2、“Isyouruncleadriver”“.”ANo,butmyauntisBYes,butmyanutisCNo,hedoesntDYes,hedoes3、Wesatisfiedwiththeirwork.AdontBarenotCwontDwerentbeing4、Hecoffeeatall.Hetea.Adoesntlike,prefersBlikes,doesntpreferCwouldlike,notprefersDprefers,isnotfondof5、Shemeonlytwicesincelasty

13、ear.AseesBwasseeingChasseenDhaveseen6、Mygrandmainthecountry.Nowsheinthecity.Ausedtolive,livesBusedtoliving,livedCusestolive,islivingDwasusedtolive,lives7、Youmakesuchmistakesagain.AshouldneverBshouldnotalwaysCwouldalwaysnotDwouldnotforever8、“Canyoudriveacar”“.”AYes,andJimcanttooBYes,butJimcantCNo,but

14、Jimcan,tooDNo,butJimcant9、“Areyougoingtothesupermarket”“No,.”AIcyclethereBIwalkthereCtotheworkDIvealreadybeenthere10、InEnglandteawithmilkorsugarinit.AusuallydrinksBisusuallydrunkCusuallyisdrunkDdrankusually11、“Isshegoingtothepostoffice”“.”No,AshedoesntBshegoesbybikeCtotheshopsDshesonthebike12、Tomlik

15、ereadingatall.Heinterestedinplayingbasketball.Adoesnt,isBdoesnt,wereCis,doesDwas,is13、WhenhomefromworkAdoyourparentscomeBdoesyourparentscomeChaveyourparentsDourparentscome14、WhichofthestudentstheexaminationAnotpassBdidntpassCpassDdidntpassed15、Theytroubleliftingtheheavybox.AdidnthavemanyBhadntalotof

16、CdidnthavemuchDhaventagreatdealof16、“Didyouhavebreakfastthismorning“.”AYes,IhadBYes,IdidCNo,IhadntDNo,Ididnthave.17、colouristhecoverofthedictionaryAWhatBWhichCHowDWhose18、“doeshebrushhisteethaday”“Twice.”AWhattimeBHowlongCWhenDHowmanytimes19、Therearemanypicturesonthewall.doyoulikebestAWhatBWhichoneC

17、WhichofthepictureDWhichonepicture20、SincewhenherAdidyouknowBhaveyouknownCdoyouknowDyouknow21、“Thattenpoundnotebelongstome.”“.”AYes,itisBYes,itbelongsCNoitdoesntDNo,itisnt22、“Wouldyouratherwaitorcomebacklater”“.”AIdrathercomebackBYes,IdrathernotwaitCNo,IdratherwaitDtocomeback23、“shoesdoyoutake”“Size4

18、2.”AWhichnumberBWhatnumberCWhatsizeDWhat24、“istheweatherliketoday”“Itswindy.”AWhatBHowCWhatkindDWhich25、Wouldyoureadmycompositionandcorrectthemistakes,AifhaveBifanyCifeverDifnot26、isthedistancebetweenthesetwovillagesAHowfarBWhatCHowlongDHowmuch27、doyougotothecinemaTwiceamonth.AHowmanytimeBHowmuchCHo

19、wlongDHowoften28、HowitinEnglishAyousayBdoyouspeakCdoyousayDtospeak29、isthepopulationofthecityAHowmuchBHowmanyCHowDWhat30、didshegetthisinformationAWhomBWhoCWhereDWhat31、doesyourwatchcostTwohundredyuan.AHowmanyBWhatpriceCWhatDHowexpensive32、AboutdoyouwanttoknowmoreAWhomBwhoCwhichDwhat33、Wehaventheardf

20、romJaneforalongtime.Whatdoyousupposetoher.AwashappeningBtohappenChashappenedDhavinghappened34、HaveyouheardthenewsaboutJimNo.WhatAisitBitisCaretheyDtheyare35、Wouldyourathergotherebytrainorbyair.AYes,IwouldBNo,IwouldntCYes,byairDByair36、IgooryougoyourselfAWillwillBShallshallCShallwillDWillshall37、Doyo

21、uthinkthequestioneasyornot.AYes,IdoBNo,IdontCItiseasyDYes,itseasy38、ShallwestayathomeortotheparkAtogoBgoingCgoDwillgo39、writerisbetterknowninChina,CharlesDickensorMarkTwainAWhicheverBWhetherCWhatDWhich40、wastheNanjing-ChangjiangBridgeopentotrafficItwasopentotrafficin1968.AWhatBWhattimeCHowlongDWhen二

22、、感句、祈使句41、fromBeijingtoLondon!AHowlongwayitisBWhatalongwayitisCWhatalongwayisitDHowlongawayisit42、Oh,John,yougaveus!AHowapleasantsurpriseBHowpleasantsurpriseCWhatapleasantsurpriseDWhatpleasantsurprise43、terribleweatherwevebeenhavingthesedays!AHowaBWhataCHowDWhat44、girlsheis!AWhatbrightaBHowabrightCH

23、owbrightanDWhatabright45、wehavetodayAHowfinedayBWhatfinedayCHowafinedayDWhatafineday46、Howflowersare!AbeautifulBbeautifullyCbeautifultheDbeautifulthat47、How!AdoestimeflyBtimesflyCtimefliesDfliestime48、Whatworkhedoes!AharderBhardChardlyDhardest49、carefulourmonitoris!AHowaBHowCWhataDWhat50、advicehegav

24、eus!AWhataBHowgoodCWhatgoodDHow51、pictureitis!AWhatwonderfulBHowawonderfulCWhatwonderfulaDHowwonderfula52、IwishtopayavisittoHongkong!AHowdoBWhatdoCWhatDHow53、hardworkingstudentstheyare!AWhatBWhataCWhatanDHow54、longtimeitlasted!AWhatBWhataCHowDHowa55、downtheradio.Thebabyssleepinginthenextroom.ATurnin

25、gBToturnCTurnDTurned56、Letsfootballinthestreet.AnottoplayBnotplayCdontplayDnotplaying57、carefulwhenyoucrossthestreet.ADontbeBDobeCBeingDDo58、thechildalldaylong!ALet,nottocryBNotlet,cryCDontlet,tocryDDontlet,cry59、afraidofmakemistakes!ADontbeBNottobeCNotbeingDBenot60、meagainbeforecoming.ACallingBToca

26、llCDocallingDCall三、反意疑问句61、Youdlikesomecoffee,AwerentyouBwouldntyouChadntyouDshouldntyou62、Idontthinkhewillcometothemeeting,AwillheBwontheCdoIDamI63、Harryandhisbrotherpromisedtoworkharder,.AdotheyBdonttheyCdidtheyDdidntthey64、Hisfatherknowslittleaboutit,heAdoesBdoesntCisheDisnt65、Wealllikereadingsto

27、rybooks,AdoweBdoyouCdontweDdontyou66、MysisterseldomgoestothetheatresheAdoesntBdoesCisDisnt67、Yourfatherpromisedtobuyacomputerforyou,heAoften,didBnever,didntCalready,didDnever,did68、Besuretowritetous,AwillyouBarentyouCwouldyouDcanyou69、Dontsmokeinthemeetingroom,youAdoyouBwillyouCwouldDcan70、Itsfineto

28、day.Letsgofishing,AwillweBshallweCdoweDdontwe71、MaryhasfewfriendinJapan,sheAhasBdontCdoesntDhasnt72、Thereisabeautifullakeinthiscity,AisntitBisntthereCisitDhasntit73、Thereisnothingwrongwithmybike,AisitBisntthereCisntitDisthere74、Hecomeslatesometimes,AisntheBcomesheCdoesntheDishe75、Youarenotanewcomer,

29、areyou.Icamehereonlyyesterday.ANo,IamBYes,IamCNo,ImnotDYes,Imnot.76、Shecouldhardlybelieveit,AcouldntsheBcouldsheCdidntsheDdidshe77、Youneedntgo,AcanyouBmustyouCneedyouDmayyou78、Youmustworkhardfromnowon,AcanyouBwonyoutCmustntyouDneedntyou79、Afterwalkingsolongaway,youmusthavebeentired,youAwereBhaveChav

30、entDmustnt80、Hemusthavelefthomeyesterday,heAhasntBdidntCmustntDneednt81、YoudontthinkImgoingsuchoutwetinweather,AamIBdoyouCdontyouDdoI82、Youdbettercallinadoctorforyourmother,youAhadBwouldChadntDwouldnt83、Youneedtocomeearlier,youAdontyouBneedntCdontDwont84、Youdarenotgoalone,youAdontBdoCdareDdarent85、H

31、eshouldntdrinksomuch,heAshouldBoughtCwouldDwill86、Nothingcanstopusdoingthat,AcanweBcantweCcantitDcanit87、Imlateforthemeeting,AamntIBarentICdontIDarentyou88、NobodybutIknowsJapaneseinmyclass,AdoesheBdoesntheCdotheyDdontthey89、Noneoftheworkersattendedtheparty,AdidtheyBdidheCdidntheDdidntthey90、Everythingisrighthere,AisntitBarenttheyCaretheyDisit91、Alovelyday,AisitBdoesitC