我的公开课动词时态语态课件

1、动词的时态和语态谓语动词的时态和语态动词谓语动词时态、语态虚拟语气非谓语动词不定式动名词分词现在分词过去分词 动词的时态：、体时一般进行完成完成进行现在doam/is/are + doinghave/has + donehave/has + been doing过去didwere/was + doinghad donehad been +doing将来will/shall +dowill/shall be + doingwill/shall have + donewill/shall have been + doing过去将来would/ should + dowould/ should be

2、 + doingwould/should have + donewould/should have been + doing 一般现在时的用法表示经常性或习惯性的动作或存在的状态，常与表示频度的时间状语连用。every, sometimes, often, usually, on Sunday I leave home for school at 7 every morning. He is alone.2) 客观真理，客观存在，科学事实。The earth moves around the sun.3) 表示格言或警句中。 Actions speak louder than words.4)

3、 表现在的状态、能力、性格、个性。 I dont want so much. Ann writes good English but does not speak well. He believes he can achieve his goal one day.5) 用在以（if , unless, before, as soon as , when , once, the more-the more )引导的时间和条件状语从句中表将来 Ill take part in the game if it doesnt rain. Ill let him know as soon as he co

4、mes. The more he studies hard, the more progress he will make. 有时为了强调动作的完成，有些动词也可用现在完成时。 Dont get off the bus until it has stopped. When you have finished your homework, you can play for a while. 一般过去时的用法 1）在确定的过去时间里所发生的动作或存在的状态。时间状语有： yesterday, last week, an hour ago, the other day, just now,in 19

5、82, I stayed up last night, for I had a lot of homework to do. Where did you go just now?2）表示在过去一段时间内，经常性或习惯性的动作。 When I was a child, I often played football in the street.3）有时过去的时间隐含在情景里，含有“刚才，在过去”之意，暗示现在已不再这样。 I hardly recognized you, Marry. I didnt know you were coming . 4) 用在一些句型里：It is time you

6、 went to bed.I wish I were a bird. Id rather you came tomorrow. 比较：一般过去时表示的动作或状态都已成为过去，现已不复存在。Mrs. Darby lived in Kentuck for seven years. Mrs. Darby has lived in Kentucky for seven years.(含义：达比太太已不再住在肯塔基州。)( 含义：现在还住在肯塔基州，有可能指刚离去) 一般将来时1) 表示未来的动作或状态，常用will / shall + 动词 时间状语有：tomorrow，next week 等等。 I

7、ll go to your city tomorrow.2) be doing，表计划的将来，常用动词有：go, come, leave, arrive等。 He is leaving for America on business next month.3) be going to do，表示将来。 a.主语的打算、意图，即将做某事。 What are you going to do tomorrow? b. 表示“预测”，说明有迹象要发生的事 Look at the dark clouds, there is going to be a storm.-Ann is in hospital.

8、-Oh, really? I _ know. I _ go and visit her.A. didnt; am going toB. dont; wouldC.dont; will D.didnt; will 现在进行时 现在进行时的基本用法：a. 表示现阶段或目前正进行的动作。We are waiting for you.Mr. Green is writing another novel this month.(说话时并未在写，只处于写作的状态。) b. 表示渐变的动词有：get, grow, become, turn, go, 等，可表示逐渐，越来越。The leaves are tu

9、rning red.Its getting warmer and warmer. c. 与always, constantly, forever 等词连用，表示反复发生的动作或持续存在的状态，往往带有说话人的主观色彩。You are always changing your mind.过去进行时 过去进行时表示过去某一时刻或某时段正在进行的动作。这一特定的时间可用时间状语连用。如：at that time; at 8 oclock last night ; this time yesterday ; when I was having breakfast at 7:30 this mornin

10、g. They were having a discussion the whole morning yesterday. 典型例题： -“Sorry to have interrupt you , please go on.” -Where was I ? -“You _you didnt like your fathers job.” A. had said B. said C. were saying D. had been saying 过去将来时：表示过去某一时刻以后将发生的动作和状态，常用在宾语从句中。the next week，如： Yesterday we decided th

11、at we should go to Shanghai next week. She said she would wait for me at the school gate. 现在完成时 构成： have (has) +过去分词。 现在完成时常与一些时间状语连用, 如：already; yet; just; before; recently ; lately ;等。1)表示动作发生在过去，但对现在有影响。如： I have just come back from America. He has already posted my letter.2)表示动作或状态自过去某一时间开始，持续到现

12、在，常与since，for,so far ,up totill now, in/during/for the past(last) few years,等连用。如： He has been ill since last month. Her father has been dead for ten years. 注意：含有瞬间意义的动词如join , die,leave,receive, buy, arrive等，不能与表示一段时间的状语连用，例如： He has joined the Army for 5 years () He has been in the Army for 5 year

13、s. () It is / has been 5 years since he joined the Army.()I have received his letter for a month. （） I havent received his letter for almost a month.（ ）注意：非延续性动词的否定形式可以与表示延续时间的状语连用。 过去完成时 构成: had +过去分词 1) 表示动作或状态发生在过去某一时刻或动作之前，即“过去的过去”。在过去不同时间发生的两个动作中，发生在先，用过去完成时；发生在后，用一般过去时。 When the police arrived

14、, the thieves had run away. The train had left before I got to the station. 2)表示意向的动词，如hope, wish, expect, think, intend, mean, plan等，用过去完成时表示原本，未能“ We had hoped that you would come, but you didnt.3) 过去完成时的时间状语before, by the end of, by the time , when。 He said that he had learned some English before

15、. By the time he was twelve, Edison had began to make a living by himself.注意： no sooner than; hardly -when刚 就 No sooner had he bought the car than he sold it Hardly had he arrived at the station when the telephone rang.过去进行时与一般过去时的比较 过去进行时表示过去正在进行的动作，而一般过去时表示一个已经完成的动作。 He was writing a book last yea

16、r. ( 表示此书可能尚未写成） He wrote a book last year。.( 表示此书已经写完）比较过去时与现在完成时1）过去时表示过去某时发生的动作或单纯叙述过去的事情，强调过去动作已完成；现在完成时为过去发生的，强调过去的事情对现在的影响，强调的是影响。举例： I saw this film yesterday.（强调看的动作发生过了。） I have seen this film. （强调对现在的影响，电影的内容已经知道了。） They have worked together for ten years.(可能仍在合作，也可能刚刚结束合作） They worked tog

17、ether for ten years. (过去曾一起合作，但现在已不在一起工作） 现在完成进行时和现在完成时的比较 现在完成时着眼于过去发生或开始的动作与现在的联系，而现在完成进行时则着眼于现在以前一段时间内动作一直在进行的过程本身。 I have been reading the book for the whole day. 我整天一直在读这本书。 （一直不停地读，没有说明是否读完。） I have read the book. 我读过这本书了。 （说明读过或读完了。） 将来进行时：表示将来某时刻或某阶段正在进行的动作或者按照计划要做的事情。 如：At this time tomorro

18、w we shall be waiting for you here. 明天这个时候，我们在这儿等你。 将来完成时：表示将来某一时刻之前已经完成的动作。 如：When you come tonight at 8 oclock, I shall have reviewed ten lessons. 你今晚十点回来时，我已复习完十课书。 The Passive Voice 被动语态 动词语态的时态体现： 体时一般进行完成现在am/is/are + doneam/is/are being + donehave/has been + done过去was/were + donewere/was bein

19、g + donehad been + done将来will/shall be + donewill/shall have been + done过去将来would/shouldbe + donewould/should have been + done 语态时态主动被动一般现在时eat/eatsam /is /are + eaten一般过去时atewas / were + eaten一般将来时will + eatwill be + eaten过去将来时would + eatwould be + eaten过去完成时had + eatenhad been + eaten现在完成时have /ha

20、s + eatenhave /has been + eaten将来完成时will have + eatenwill have been + eaten现在进行时am /is /are + eatingam /is /are + being + eaten过去进行时was /were + eatingwas /were + being + eaten1.Bananas are grown in Hainan.(海南种植香焦。）2.Many more trees will be planted in our school next year.（我们学校明年将种更多的树。）3.Were the tr

21、ees planted by him?这些树是他种的吗？4.Young trees must be looked after. (必须照看好小树）5. The building is being built. (那栋楼房正在建设中。）6.The homework has been finished yet. （家作已经做完了。）1.He teaches English in our school. English is taught in our school by him.语态转换宾提前变主，主变介by宾，被动be加done,时态看主动2.We planted many trees last

22、 years.Many trees were planted by us last year.过去时的被动语态： was/were+P.P3.We should plant many more trees.Many more trees should be planted by us.含情态动词的被动语态：情态动词+be +PP4.She will teach Class 6.Class 6 will be taught by her.将来时的被动语态：Will/shall+be +PP5. Many countries have sent up satellites into space.

23、Satellites have been sent up into space by many countries .完成时的被动语:Have/has+been +PP现在进行时的被动语态：is+being+pp6.She is teaching Class 6.Class 6 is being taught by her.I was given a book by her.A book was given to me by her.7.She gave me a book.如 遇双宾语，最好变间宾，如若变直宾，间宾前to/for（pass,lend,buy,write,bring, show

24、,tell）8.He made me do the work. I was made to do the work by him.这些动词真奇怪，主动句中to 离开，被动句中to回 来。（feel,listen to,hear,let have,make,look at,see,watch)9.They take good care of the baby.The baby is taken good care of by them.注意：含动词词组的被动语态，须将其看作一个整体，不可把它们分隔开来。将下列句子变为被动语态，每空一词。1. We can finish the work in t

25、wo days. The work _ _ _ in two days.2. They produce silk in Suzhou. Silk _ _ in Suzhou.3. The children will sing an English song. An English song _ _ _ by the children. 4. You neednt do it now. It _ _ _ by you now.5. Lucy sent me a New Year Card last week.A New Year Card _ _ _ me by Lucy last week.

26、6.He made me do that for him.I _ _ _ _that for him.7. I have given this book to the library.This book _ _ _ to the library. can be finishedis producedwill be sungneednt be donewas sent towas made to dohas been givenA traffic accident _(happen) just now.happened2. 连系动词（Link.v.) 如：be, look, seem, feel

27、, sound, smell, taste, get, turn, becomePeking Opera _ (sound) beautiful.sounds1. 不及物动词（vi.) 如:happen, take place, appear, disappear, 不用被动语态的动词：3.表示主语的某种属性的词：read，write，act，cut，draw，drive，sell，wash，clean，wear，open，cook，lock，look，shut等。The books sell well.这些书畅销。The door wont lock.门锁不上。This coat dries

28、 easily.这种外衣容易干。4.某些作表语(expensive, cheap, difficult, fit, hard, light, heavy, easy 等形容词后，用不定式形式表示被动意义。 The box is too heavy to lift. She is easy to get along with . He is hard to please. The passage is difficult to read. The air is hard to breathe.5.want, need, require, deserve和be worth等词的后面可以用动名词的主

29、动形式表示被动意义。The book is worth reading . The bike requires repairing / to be repaired . The children needs looking after / to be looked after. The table wants cleaning / to be cleaned.The thief deserves punishing / to be punished.1. Large numbers of plastic bags _ (use) in the supermarkets every day.2. _ our country _(send) up another man-made satellite last year? 3. Must the