高考专题复习情态动词

1、、考点聚焦1、情态动词的基 本用法can 词的基 本用法can 、 be able to 和 couldcan和bemight常用在间接引语中表过去时，但might也可用更客气，意思更肯定而无过去时态的含义。学 科：英语复习内容：语法一一代词情态动词预计用时：10学时able to 都表示能力，意思上没多大区别。但 can只有现在和过去时，而 be able to则有更多的形式。但当成功地完成某一具体动作时，通常不用could而用was/were able to来表示。这日W was/were able to 相当于 managedto ,表示经过一番努力，终于能够完成某事。如：Can you

2、 use chopsticks?The wounded man still was able to get to the village and was saved in the end. can 和 couldcan和could都可以表示能力、技能、许可、建议或请求和可能性。但比较委婉客气地提出问题或陈述看法,般用could ,回答时则用can。如：Could you help me carry the bag?Can I help you?(2)may/mightmay/might 表示可能，但 may比 might 可能性大。如：-Why isn t he in class?I may

3、be sick.(生病的可能性较大)might be sick.(生病的可能性较小)may/might表示允许”，may用于现在时或将来时, 于现在时间，表示比较委婉的语气，回答用may。如：He says we may leave.He said we might leave. may / might 表示建议或请求，但 might 比 may Yes, you can / may.May / Might I use your bike? 一No, you mustnmustmust表示必须，应该，没有时态变化。如：You must do everything as I do.must表示肯

4、定的推测。如：The light is still on, so he must be at home.mustn t表示禁止做某事。如：You mustn t smoke in the office.have tohave to 表示“必须、不得不”，是由于某种外界(客观)原因而“必须”，“不得不”做某事，也可表示经常的或习惯性的事必须”做。have to的否定形式表示不必。 have to可用于多种时态中。如：You will have to clean your own boots when you join the army.I have to be at my office ever

5、y evening.5) should / ought toshould和ought to 表示应当、应该，前者比后者语气轻。如：You should / ought to work hard. should / ought to work hard.Since she is not here, whe should / ought to be in the classroom.should / ought to的否定形式表示禁止之意。如：Children shouldn t smoke.should可表示陈述意见，推出建议或请求；而 ought to 可以表示劝告之意。如：You ought

6、 to respect your parents.He suggested that they should leave at once.will / wouldwill用于各种人称表示“意志”、“意愿”或“决心”等，否定式won t +动词。如:I will tell you all about it.Tom won t do such a thing.will用于疑问句中，常用在第二称时表示说话人向对方提出“请求”或“询问”如：Will you please tell her the news when you see her?will表示习惯性的动作，有“总是”、“惯于”的含义。如：Fi

7、sh will die out of water.would表示客气的请求、建议或意愿。如：Would you please be quiet?Would you like coffee?would表示过去反复发生的动作。如：When I passed my school I would see my teachers who taught me 5 years ago.needto ,其变化needto ,其变化Yes, I must./No, I neednI need to think it over.Yes, I must./No, I neednNeed you go now?dar

8、edare若作实义动词，后面可带to“警告、威胁、强制”和“允许”dare若作实义动词，后面可带to“警告、威胁、强制”和“允许”的不定式，此时to也可以省略。dare与need的用法相似。如：How dare you say that?She doesn t date(to)ask her father.used toused to表示过去常常发生的动作或存在的习惯，但现在已不复存在了。如: He used to smoke.shallshall作为情态动词用于第二、三人称，表示说话人的意愿，有“命令” 等意思。如：We shall do as our teacher says.You sh

9、all have the book as soon as I finish it.在疑问句中，shall用于征求对方的意见或请求指示，常用于第一、第三人称。如:Where shall he wait for us?Shall we go out for a walk?2、情态动词表示推测或判断的用法下表即是表示推测的情态动词使用的场合：情态动词对现在和未来的推测对过去的推测使用场合mustmust + 动词原形must have done肯定句Itmay / mightmay / might + 动词原形May / might have done肯定句、否定句例如：musthave lastc

10、an /couldcan / could doCan / could have done否定句、疑问名（could 可用于肯定句）rained night.should用来表示一种估计的情况“按理会/ 估计会should do/beshould have done肯定句、否定句、疑问句She may not be at home. = It is possible that she is not at home.She can t be at home. = It is impossible that she is at home.They should be there right now.

11、3、情态动词在虚拟语气中的用法情态动词用于虚拟语气中表示责备的感情色彩，用法如下：should have done 表示“本来应该做某事而实际上未做，而shouldn t have done 则表示“本不应 TOC o 1-5 h z 该做某事而实际上做了。如：You should have told me about it earlier.You shouldn t have said such words to your parents.ought to have done 也表示“本应该而 ought not to have done 则意为“本不应该”。如：You ought to h

12、ave told me about it earlier.You ought not to have said such words to your parents.needn t have done 表示本无必要做某事而实际上做了。如：You needn t have walked so quickly since time was enough.could have done 表示“本来有可能而事实上未做到。如：I could have come on time, but my car broke on the way.二、精典名题导解选择填空I was really anxious ab

13、out you. You home without a word.(NMET 2001)A.mustn t have B.shouldn t have leftC.couldn t have left D.needn t have解析：答案为 R本题考查的是情态动词在虚拟语气中的用法。题目给出的条件是“我确实非常担心你”，因此后面可知应是责备you不应该没说一句话就离开了。Are you coming to Jeff s party? I m not sure. I go to the concert instead.(NMET 2000)A.must B.wouldC.should D.mi

14、ght解析：答案为Do本题考查情态动词的基本用法。由题目中I mnot sure”,表明我可能去Jeff s party ,也可能去音乐会，故用might。Will you stay for lunch?一Sorry,. My brother is coming to see me.(NMET 99)A.I mustn t B.I can t C.I needn t D.I won t解析：答案为 B。本题考查表示请求的英语口语，用 will来向第二人称提问的疑问结构，是表示一种请求 和意愿，是用疑问的形式来表达较为婉转的祈使语气，意思是“请你，好吗” ，对于这种问句的肯定回答是： Suree

15、! Gertainly! Yes, of course. I d be glad to等；否定回答通常是：I m sorry, I can t. No, I mafraid I can t. I m sorry, but-T d like to, but 等。注意情态动词表客气的用法及其在一般疑问 句中的问与答。-Isn t that Ann s husband over there? No, it be him I m sure he doesn t wear glasse s.A. can t B. must not C. won t D. may not解析：答案为 A。本题考查情态动词

16、表推测。问：那边的难道不是Ann的丈夫吗？答：不是。不可能是他，我确信他不戴眼镜。You be tiredyou ve only been working for an hour.A. must not B. won t C. can t D. may not解析：答案为 a本题考查情态动词。句中破折号后的内容对前一句进行解释说明：你只工作了一个小时， 所以你不可能累的。表否定推测时用can t。A项表禁止（不许），B项表未来，D项表不允许。均不可用，故选CoI often see lights in that empty house. Do you think I report it to

17、the police?A. should B. whatever C. whichever D. whenever解析：答案为A。本题考情态动词。在空房子里看到灯光，是一件奇怪而令人生疑的事，故问：你是否认为 我应当把这事儿报告给警察？应用A。基础训练If they to do this work, he might do it some other way.A. were B. should C. will D. canI was told yesterday that the company me to Rome next week for a business conference.A.

18、 should have sent B. were going to send C. should be sending D. should sendLets take a walk,?A. will we B. dont we C. do we D. shall weHe was a good swimmer so he swim to the river bank when the boat sank.A. could B. might C. should D. was able toI went to the doctors yesterday, I had to wait for ha

19、lf an hour before he see me.A. can B. may C. might D. could-this book be yours? - No, it not be mine. It be his.A. Can, must, may B. May, might, must C. Can, may, must D. Must, can, mayWe didnt see him at the lecture yesterday. He it.A. mustnt attend B. cant have attended C. would have not attended

20、D. needed have attendedD. may have lostThey the plane, or perhaps they have been prevented from coming for some reason.D. may have lostA. can have missed B. may have missed C. can have lostSince the ground is white, it last night.A. had snowed B. must have snowed C. must be snowing 10. You must be f

21、ifty,?A. mustnt you B. neednt youC. arent you11. You must have seen him off yesterday,?A. havent you B. didnt youC. mustnt youA. had snowed B. must have snowed C. must be snowing 10. You must be fifty,?A. mustnt you B. neednt youC. arent you11. You must have seen him off yesterday,?A. havent you B.

22、didnt youC. mustnt youD. must have been snowingD. mnynt youD. neednt you12.12.That must be a mistake.No .it be.A. cant B. isnt able toC. can D. was able toA. cant B. isnt able toC. can D. was able toHe had known the matter before you told him, so you have told it to him.A. mustnt B. cant C. needntD.

23、 shouldntHow so?A. dare you to say B. dare you say C. do you dare say D. dare to say 15. You are their teacher. You care of them.A. should to take B. might to take C. ought to takeD. need to takeShe is studying medical science now but she a lawyer.A. used to beB. would beC. were D. had beenIf you we

24、re in an English-speaking country, you, too,English every day.A. ought to notB. ought not toC. ought not to haveD. cantA. ought to notB. ought not toC. ought not to haveD. cantA. will be used to speakB. will be used to speakingC. must be used to speakD. would be used to speakingI did not call to mak

25、e my airline reservation （ 预订 ） but I .A. should have B, may haveC. must haveD. shall haveAs a girl, she get up at six every day.A. wouldB. willC. mightD. shouldDont you remember that we to the cinema tonight?A. would go B. goC. are going D. will be gone强化训练Shall I tell John about it? No, you . Ive

26、told him already.A. needntB. wouldntC. mustntD. shouldnt TOC o 1-5 h z Would you mind if I open the window?“ ”.A. I dont like itB. Yes .pleaseC. No, pleaseD. No. Im sorryWould you tell me something about the affair?“ ”.A. Yes .pleaseB. All rightC. Not at allD. I doM:?T:Id love to, but Im afraid I ha

27、ve no time.M:0h, no. Youll surely come over.T: Its very nice of you. But Im sorry I have to go to a meeting.Do you have lunch out in a restaurantShall I have you with me at my birthdayDo you have lunch out in a restaurantShall I have you with me at my birthdayC. Did you go to see the filmD. Have you

28、 enjoyed yourself at the party25. You ought to have come here ten minutes ago?C. Did you go to see the filmD. Have you enjoyed yourself at the party25. You ought to have come here ten minutes ago?Yes, Iought toought to haveC. oughtD. have ought toought toought to haveC. oughtD. have ought to26. Woul

29、d you like to go out for a walk?26. Would you like to go out for a walk?Yes,27.A. Id like toB. Id likeC. Ill like toD. I wouldA. Canyou succeed !B. MayC. MustD. Will28. Did he needthen?A. leaveB. to leave27.A. Id like toB. Id likeC. Ill like toD. I wouldA. Canyou succeed !B. MayC. MustD. Will28. Did

30、 he needthen?A. leaveB. to leaveC. leavingD. left29. Do you think if he dares29. Do you think if he daresin public.A. speakB. speakingC. to speakD. spokenA. speakB. speakingC. to speakD. spoken30. He30. Heeating American food since he came here.A. used toB. has been usedC. has been used toD. was use

31、d toA computerthink for itself; itbe told what to do.A. may not, mustB. mustnt, mightC. shouldnt, couldD. cant, mustA. Shallyou mind my opening the window?Not at all. B. ShouldC. WillA. used toB. has been usedC. has been used toD. was used toA computerthink for itself; itbe told what to do.A. may no

32、t, mustB. mustnt, mightC. shouldnt, couldD. cant, mustA. Shallyou mind my opening the window?Not at all. B. ShouldC. WillD. Would33.1 didnt hear the phone. I33.1 didnt hear the phone. Iasleep.A. must beB. must have beenC. should have beenD. could have beenA. must beB. must have beenC. should have be

33、enD. could have been34. You34. Youme about it earlier, but you didnt.A. should have toldB. would have toldC. must have toldD. should tellA. should have toldB. would have toldC. must have toldD. should tell35. The teacher told the students that they keep silent in class all the time.May I go now? No,

34、 you.A. mustntB. needntC. mightntD. wontYou do the exercise if you dont want to.A. may notB. cantC. mustntD. neednt38. Youpay more attention to your spelling next time.A. wouldB. shouldC. willD. shall39. The girlout alone at night.A. dare not goB. dare not to goC. dares not goD. does not dare go40.

35、Therebe a lot of small houses on both sides of the street.A. used toB. get used toC. wouldD. did use to高考训练01、（08 全国卷 II 17） Liza well not want to go on the tripA. willB. canC. must02、（08 上海春卷27） When I was young, I was told that IA. wouldn 03、（08上海卷 boarding.A. may04、（08天津卷A.can t05、（08重庆卷 A. may06

36、、（08辽宁卷t B.neednC. mustn t-she hates traveling.D. mayplay with matchesD. daren t29） According to the air traffic rules, youswitchoff your mobile phone before07、A. shall（08山东卷you.A.08、can manage（08江苏卷myself.A. shouldn shouted09、（08江西卷B. can06）She30）B. canC. wouldD. shouldhave left school, for her bike is still here.B. wouldn