湖南省长沙市浏阳文家市镇岩前初级中学2020-2021学年高三英语上学期期末试题含解析

1、湖南省长沙市浏阳文家市镇岩前初级中学2020-2021学年高三英语上学期期末试题含解析一、 选择题1. 一 The girl looks so beautiful. Is she a model or a film star?- _ She s a nurse. A. You bet B. Forget about it C. Far from it D. Whatever you say参考答案：C2. I hear that Mary won the prize of the biology contest _She was not interested in it at all AYou

2、re kidding! BSo what? CWhy not? DNot really参考答案：A34.He has recently _golf to provide himself with some relaxation.A. taken on B. taken over C. taken off D. taken up参考答案：D略4. They exchanged their contact forms with each other, likely_they would get in touch.A. meantB. meaningC. being meantD. having m

3、eant参考答案：B【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：他们交换了彼此的联系方式，这个很有可能是为了让他们日后方便联系。mean sth / that表示旨在做某事，目的在于做某事。表示主动，应用现在分词。相当于which means，故选B。5. With the new family planning policy _，many young parents are considering having their second child（）AintroduceBintroducingCto introduceDintroduced参考答案：D随着新的计划生育政策被提出，很多父母正在考虑再生一个

4、孩子本题考查with的复合结构做伴随状语，表示随着，with+名词/代词+形容词/副词/介词短语/动词不定式/现在分词/过去分词题目中the new family planning policy 与introduce是被动关系，故用过去分词，表示被动或完成，故选D6. Why dont you buy a new car? . After all, my old one is out of repair.A. Because my money is tight B. I couldnt agree moreC. It depends on the price D. No better sugg

5、estions参考答案：B7. Tom, its good for you to search the Internet for some information _ Shanghai before your trip there. A. in B. for C. of D on参考答案：A略8. I saw a woman _ against the wall _ tired and stressed and as though shed been crying. A. leaning up；looking B. lean up; lookC. leaned up; looked D. wa

6、s leaning up; was looking参考答案：A9. Class regulations require _ is the last to leave the classroom _ off at the lights.A. who; should turn B. whoever; turn C. whomever; turns D. whom, shall turn 参考答案：B10. There are many books! Its not easy for us to decide _ and what to leave behind.A. what to be take

7、n B. what to take C. how to take D. how to be taken参考答案：B 11. The greatest pleasure I know is to do a good action quietly, and to have it _ by accident.A. find out B. finding out C. found out D. be found out参考答案：12. Unfortunately, George cannot be with us today so Im pleased to accept this award _ h

8、im.A. in honor of B. regardless of C. on behalf of D. for lack of参考答案：C考查介词短语辨析。句意为：很遗憾，乔治今天不能和我们在一起，所以我很高兴代表他来领奖。on behalf of意为“代表一方，作为的代言人”。in honor of为纪念，为庆祝，向致敬；regardless of不管，不顾；for lack of因缺乏。13. -Did all the boys go to the cinema? -No, They _ went to the Internet bar instead. Aalmost Bnearly

9、 Cmostly Dcompletely 参考答案：C14. -Mum, have you seen my U-Disk?-_you bought last Sunday? Im afraid I havent seen _.A. The one; one B. That; one C. One; it D. The one; it参考答案：D略15. Paper produced every year is the Worlds production of vechile.A. the three weight of B. three times the weight ofC. as thr

10、ee times heavy as D. three times as heavier as参考答案：B略二、 新的题型16. Social SignatureSo what did the detailed data that we collected reveal?This question is best answered in terms of a characteristic that we decided to call the “social signature” of an individual,and in particular by looking at how this

11、“social signature” changed over time.Imagine one of our participants during the first six-month observation window call some people very frequently,and others only occasionally,where the people called are likely to include s,close friends,and more distant acquaintances.If we now put the people calle

12、d by our participant,with the person most frequently called in first position,the second-most frequently called person in second position,and so on,then we can build a profile of how the participant allocated calls between all of their different social relationships.This profile is in fact what we c

13、all the “social signature,”and it reflects what fraction of calls a given participant placed to the person they call second-most,right down to the least frequently called person.So what was the “social signature” able to tell us?First,let me introduce a general property that applied to the “social s

14、ignatures” of all participants.The number of people that participants called frequently,with whom they had a strong relationship,was comparatively small.We may have five close friends and 20 acquaintances,but we are very unlikely to have 20 close friends and five acquaintances.If we look at the “soc

15、ial signature” in greater detail,we find that there were differences between different participants,so that one individual may have had three close friends and another seven.That is in fact why we chose the term “signature”.Perhaps most interestingly,if we looked at the “social signature” of a given

16、 participant over the three consecutive six-month observation windows,we found that it remained quite stable.It is worth taking a moment to reflect why this should be surprising.The social world of our participants was undergoing a significant transition, with changes in both close and less close fr

17、iendships.By the end of our study,the identity of some of the close friends of the participants had changed,and so these relationships were now with entirely different individuals,but the fraction of the calls participants placed to a counterpart almost didnt change.How can we understand the persist

18、ence of an individuals “social signature”?The key is that the pattern of our social relationships is shaped by a number of critical constraints.Time: The first very general and quite inescapable constraint is that we only have a limited amount of time to maintain social relationships.Emotional Capit

19、al: The second constraint reflects the fact that a strong social relationship requires considerable emotional investment,and our stock of emotional capital is limited.Cognitive Limitations: The third constraint is biological in nature,and reflects the fact that they also limit the social relationshi

20、ps.Can the new social technologies that are accessible significantly change the three factors that we believe shape the patterns of our social interactions?Based on the behavior that we observed for our participants,at this point I would tend to answer no.Social signatureThe concept of the “social s

21、ignature”The “social signature” is a profile which is built according to how_51_ participants call people with different social relationships and it reflects the fraction of calls a given participant places to the person they call.Features of the “social signature”There are variations between differ

22、ent participants.*Participants call a comparatively_52_number of people with whom they have a strong relationship.*A large number of people are called less frequently, where the relationship is weak.*We are likely to have more_53_than close friends.It remains quite stable.*It is_54_to spend time ref

23、lecting why this should be surprising.*_55_the fact that the relationships change,the fraction of the calls participants place to a counterpart remains largely_56_.The persistence of an individuals “social signature”The key to_57_the persistence of an individuals “social signature” is that the patte

24、rn of our social relationships is shaped by some critical constraints.*Time: We only have a limited amount of time to maintain social relationships.*Emotional Capital: Considerable investment is _58_required,and our stock is limited.*Cognitive_59_: They also limit the social relationships.Conclusion

25、The new social technologies that we have_60_to are unlikely to change the three factors that may shape the patterns of our social interactions.参考答案：51. often/frequently 52. small 53. acquaintances 54. worthwhile 55. Despite 56. unchanged 57. understanding 58. required 59. Limitations 60. access文章介绍了

26、social signature的定义、特征、其持续性和研究结论。51. often/frequently考查副词。根据第一段This profile is in fact what we call the “social signature,” and it reflects what fraction of calls a given participant placed to the person they call second-most, right down to the least frequently called person.可知social signature是根据参与者

27、打电话的频率来划分的，故填often/frequently.52. small.考查形容词。根据第二段The number of people that participants called frequently, with whom they had a strong relationship, was comparatively small.可知亲密朋友占少数，故填small.53. acquaintances.考查名词。根据第二段We may have five close friends and 20 acquaintances, but we are very unlikely t

28、o have 20 close friends and five acquaintances.可知亲密朋友数量少，熟人要比亲密朋友多，故填acquaintances.54. worthwhile.考查形容词。根据第三段It is worth taking a moment to reflect why this should be surprising.可知与worth同义，故填worthwhile.55. Despite.考查介词。根据第三段 the identity of some of the close friends of the participants had changed,

29、and so these relationships were now with entirely different individuals, but the fraction of the calls participants placed to a counterpart almost didnt change.可知前后句是转折关系，故填Despite.56. unchanged.考查形容词。根据第三段but the fraction of the calls participants placed to a counterpart almost didnt change. Remain

30、s后作表语替换didnt change，故填unchanged.57. understanding.考查动词形式。根据第五段How can we understand the persistence of an individuals “social signature”?可知是怎样理解个人social signature的持续性，表达understand 之意，to后用动词-ing形式，故填understanding.58. required.考查过去分词。根据The second constraint reflects the fact that a strong social relat

31、ionship requires considerable emotional investment,可知要表达requires之意，此处用于is后是被动语态，故填required.59. Limitations.考查名词。根据影响因素3是Cognitive Limitations:可知填Limitations.60. access.考查名词。根据最后一段Can the new social technologies that are accessible significantly change the three factors可知替换are accessible用have access

32、to，故填access.17. Five Ways to Build Self-ConfidenceWalk Faster.One of the easiest ways to tell how a person feels about herself is to examine her walk. People with confidence walk quickly. They have places to go, people to see, or important work to do. Even if you arent in a hurry, you can increase y

33、our self-confidence by putting some energy in your step.36 .37 One of the best ways to build confidence is listening to an inspiring speech. Unluckily, chances to listen to a great speaker are few. You can fill this need by creating a personal speech. Write a 3060-second speech that focuses on your

34、strengths and goals then recite it aloud whenever you need a confidence push.Sit in the Front Row.In school, offices and some other public places people always sit at the back of the room,38 This is for lack of self-confidence. By deciding to sit in the front row, you can get over this meaningless f

35、ear and build your self-confidence.Speak up.During group discussions many people never express their opinions because theyre afraid that people will judge them for their saying something stupid.39 By making an effort to express your opinions at least once in every group discussion, youll become a be

36、tter public speaker, more confident in your own thoughts.Work outAlong the same lines as personal appearance, physical fitness has huge effect on self-confidence.40 By making your body fit and strong, you improve your physical appearance, refresh yourself, and learn something positive. (255words)A.

37、In fact most people are dealing with the same fear.B. Walking 25% faster will make you look and feel more important.C. In fact most people feel good after a walk.D. If youre out of shape, youll feel unattractive and less energetic.E. Listen to an Inspiring Speech.F. Create a Personal Speech.G. Most

38、people prefer that because theyre afraid of being noticed.参考答案：36B37F38G39A40D三、 阅读理解18. Happy birthday! Do birthdays really make people happy? Of course they do. Birthdays celebrate the days we were born. Besides, that extra candle on the cake suggests another year of growth and maturity(成熟)-or so

39、we hope. We all like to imagine that were getting wiser and not just older. Most of us enjoy seeing the miracle(奇迹)of growth in others, as well. For instance, seeing our children developand learn new things makes us feel proud. For Americans, like people in most cultures, growing up is a wonderful p

40、rocess. But growing old? Thats a different story.Growing old is not exactly pleasant for people in youth-oriented(以年轻人为中心)American culture. Most Americans like to look young, act young and feel young. As the old saying goes, “Youre as young as you feel.” Older people joke about how many years young

41、they are, rather than how many years old. People in some countries value the aged as a source of experience and wisdom. But American seem to favor those that are young, or at least “young at heart”.Many older Americans find the“golden years” to be anything but golden. Economically, “senior citizens”

42、 often struggle just to get by. Retirement at age 65 brings a sharp decrease in personal income. Social security benefits usually cannot make up the difference. Older people may suffer from poor nutrition, medical care and housing. Some even experience age discrimination. In 1987, American sociologist Pat Moore dresse