阅读理解之词义猜测董小钦 完整版课件

1、慈利二中 董小钦阅读理解之词义猜测技巧一、阅读理解考试大纲要求1、理解主旨和要义； 2、理解文中具体信息；3、根据上下文推断生词的词义； 4、做出简单判断和推理；5、理解文章的基本结构； 6、理解作者的意图、观点和态度。二、阅读理解命题分类1、主旨大意型2、事实细节型3、词义猜测型4、推理判断型Play a gameguess!green handIt was the first day for Jack to work. When he was working, the machine broke down because of his carelessness. Jack was afra

2、id of the blame of his boss. His colleague told him , “take it easy, you are a green hand.”新手Tom is a great man. Tom is treated as a big potato.a big potato大人物shanghaiTourists are shanghaied into buying expensive fakes(假货）. Some guides told them that fakes are good. They are worth buying.诱骗johnTim d

3、rank too much water last night, so he went to visit john twice. 卫生间猜词技巧是一种很重要的应试技巧。在诸多的英语测试中，几乎都包含有判断生词或关键词词义的题目。考试中经常作为考点的词汇包括以下几种： 常用词在特殊语言环境中的特殊意义； 专业化程度较高的词； 生僻词。常见提问形式:1. The word “” in paragraph can be replaced by 2. The underlined word “” most probably means .3. By saying “”, the author means

4、 4. The expression “” is closest to 5. According to the passage, the phrase “” suggests 6. The underlined part “ ” (in Para ) means 1.The modern age of medicine began with the stethoscope, an instrument for listening to patients heartbeat and breathing.2.They are vertebrates, that is, animals that h

5、ave back-bones .3. He is a resolute man. Once he makes up his mind to do something, he wont give it up halfway. 脊椎动物坚决的听诊器 猜词技巧1定义释义法 通过 来体现单词的含义. 其表现形式为:用that is, in other words, or ,mean, be called, refer to,或连系动词to be等定义或重述形式来解释生词.归纳总结定义,词组,同位语,定语从句Though Toms face has been washed quite clean, hi

6、s neck still remains grubby.John usually wastes a lot of money on such useless things, his wife, however, is very thrifty.污秽的，肮脏的节约的 猜词技巧2对比法 句中多半有 等信息词. 另外,分号也可以表示转折,对比的意义.归纳总结 unlike, but, yet, while, on the contrary, on the other hand, instead of, rather thanthough, although, however, 1.Hes such

7、a shrewd businessman that he loses no money in any trade.2.She wanted the hairdresser to trim her hair a bit because it was too long.3.Tom is considered an autocratic administrator because he makes decisions without seeking the opinions of others. 精明的修剪独断专行的猜词技巧3因果法归纳总结因果 文章借助关联词 so/suchthat, becaus

8、e, as, since, for, so, thus, as a result, therefore, lead to, cause, result in, result from, 等表达 关系.In some countries where there is very little rain, the farmers have to irrigate, or water their fields. All whales consist of two groups, those with teeth and those without, Dolphins belong to odontoc

9、eti, that is to say, they are toothed whales.灌溉有牙齿的猜词技巧4根据同等关系猜词义 一组词在句中作同一成分,且他们的词义属于同一义域, 信号词如:归纳总结orthat is ( to say )in other wordsCars must have certain safety devices such as seat belt, headlights, and good brakes（刹车）.On the farm they mainly raise poultry, such as chickens, ducks and geese, fo

10、r their eggs and meat.装置家禽猜词技巧5举例法 以列举的事例为线索猜测单词的含义，信号词如:归纳总结 such as, like, for example/ instance, especially, include, consist of根据构词法猜测英语中的构词法主要有三种：派生（Derivation）转化（Conversion）合成（Compounding）派生：由一个词根加上前缀或后缀构成一个新的单词，该法是猜测英语单词的主要方法。中学英语中常见的前缀和后缀super-（超）， inter-（在之间）， mini-（微型的）， micro-（极微小的）， sub-

11、（分支的）， re-（再）, co-（共同）， post- (后)， pre-（前）， trans-（转换）， under-（在之下）， mis-（误；恶）， anti-（反；防), un-（不；非）， in-（不,非）， im-（不； 非）， dis-（不），non- （不）， -able（能的）, -less（不； 无） -hood（状态；性质；时期）， -ish（如的；有点儿的）,-scope（景）， -ship（身份；资格；权力；性质）， -some（易于的）， -wards（向）， -proof（防的；不能穿透的）， 转化：由某一词性转化成另一词性，其意义也发生一定的变化。I was asked to minute the race.“minute”转化成动词