八年级英语外研版上动词不定式用法课件

1、The InfinitiveWhat are the three non-predicates in English?The Infinitiveto do sthto be doing sthto have doneThe Participledoing having donedone The Gerunddoing having done语法： 动词不定式在句子中的作用作主语：e.g.To say is one thing;to do is another. Its important to do it right away.作表语：e.g. What you should is to l

2、eave here at once. The problem is how to do it.作宾语： e.g. I want to buy something for him . I dont know what to do next.作宾语补足语：e.g.He asked me to wait for him for a while. My father lets me go out alone at night. 不带to的不定式作宾补！作定语（位于名词或代词之后）： e.g. Do you have anything to say? Have you got the permissio

3、n to use the computer ?作状语（目的、结果、原因等）：e.g.We eat to live; we dont live to eat.目的e.g.We went to see him only to find him out.结果状语e.g.We are glad to see you.原因状语 在tooto do ;adj./adv.+enough to do结构中作结果状语；在in order to ;so as to 结构中作目的状语；在be + adj. +to do 中作原因或方式状语。 e.g. He is old enough to go to school

4、.He got up early so as to catch the bus. Im sorry to hear that.5. I dont think it difficult to improve our English in a short time. (formal object)6. Never hesitate to help others. (object)We have been told when and where to have the physical examination. (object)8. It is necessary for young people

5、nowadays to master at least one foreign language. (formal subject)Special patterns:He is said to have already finished his task. = It is said that he has already finished 2. He is thought to be the best player. = It is thought that he is the best player.3. She is believed to have landed in America =

6、 It is believed that she has landed 4. You seem to have seen the film. = It seems that you have seen the film. 不带to的不定式feel， hear， see, watch, listen to , look at, observe, notice* I sawwatched him drive off* I heard him lock the door(but : He was seen to enter the office)b. make, let, have ( let ha

7、s no passive voice )c. had better, would rather than do anything/nothing but /except* He does nothing but complain * My dog does everything but speak动词不定式易考点：1.They are said to_(在建）a bridge.A. build B. built C. have built D. be building. D2. She seemed to _ me before. A. be meeting B. have met C. ha

8、ve been meeting B 动词不定式有时态的变化！常有进行时（不定式动作在持续）、完成时（在谓语动作之前完成）、完成进行时（在谓语动作之前已经开始并一直持续的动作）。3. She doesnt like to _(被表扬） in public. A. praise B. be praising C. be praised C4.The coat is too large to _. A. wear B. be worn C. be wearing A 动词不定式有被动语态（即逻辑主语是不定式 动作的承受者时使用），但在以下四种情况中不定式主动表被动！ 在too(enough)to 结

9、构中 在there be 结构中： e.g. There is a lot of work _. to do在形容词 easy,difficult,hard,good,heavy等词后作状语时。 e.g. The novel is easy to read. The bag is heavy to carry at that time.虽然不定式与修饰词之间有逻辑动宾关系，但如与另外一个名词或代词具备逻辑主谓关系，不定式亦用主动表被动意义。e.g.Please give the children some books to read. I have nothing to say.动宾关系主谓三

10、：动词不定式的省略问题：为了避免重复前面已经出现的动词，可以省去不定式中的动词及其宾语。 e.g. Would you like to see our baby? -I d love to( see your baby) .省略！ I want to mend your radio,but I dont know _(如何修）？ how to The boy want to ride his bicycle in the street,but his father told him_. A. not to B. not to do C. not do it D.do not toA2.与修饰的

11、词有动宾 关系的不定式，虽动词是及物动词但已带有自己的宾语，其后需加适当的介词，以将不定式短语与其修饰的词连接起来。e.g. Here is a box to put things in.动宾 介宾 =put things in a box.Jack is the very person to_(讨论这个问题）。 discuss the matter with 3.动词不定式修饰表地点的词如room,house,school等时，不定式需加适当的介词。e.g. He is looking for a hotel to stay at . I have a small room _(居住). t

12、o live in注意：不定式所修饰的词表不定式动作发生的时间、方式时，常不加介词！e.g. Its time to get up.That will be the best way to solve the problem.4。不定式的时态I saw him go out.（同时或之后）Im sorry glad to be working with you （进行）Im sorry to have kept you waiting.（之前）Practice:1. The patient was warned _ oily food after the operation.Not eatin

13、g B. to eat not C. not to eat D. eating not C2. The little time we have together we try _ wisely .A. spending B. to spend it C. to spend D. spending that B3. When I handed the report to John,he said George was the person _.A.to send B. for sending C. to send it to D. for sending it to C4.There are f

14、ive pairs _, but Im at a loss which to buy.A. to be chosen B. to choose from C. to choose D. for choosing B5. To fetch water before breakfast seemed to me a rule_.A. To never break B. never to be broken C. never to have broken D. never to be breaking B解析例2 NMET 1999 第21题The purpose of new technologi

15、es is to make life easier, _ it more difficult. A. not make B. not to make C. not making D. do not make.B不定式不定式的作用1因为主语是the purpose，在（purpose, wish, promise, plan）后常跟不定式，故表语要用不定式，to不能省略，因此构成the purpose is tonot todo 句型，故选B 。不定式的时态和语态2例3 NMET 1997第12题I would love _ to the party last night but I had t

16、o work extra hours to finish a report. A. to go B. having gone C. going D. to have goneD不定式解析 该题考查动词不定式做宾语的 用法。would love(like) to 是固定搭配，因此B、C、不合题意。Would love +不定式一般式，表示“想，希望”，而接不定式完成式则表示“原本希望而未曾实现”的意思。不定式不定式的否定形式3例5 NMET 1996年 The patient was warned _ oily food after the operation.A. to eat not B. eati