人教版高一英语Unit21 Grammar新课标 人教

1、2021/8/9 星期一1Revision (post reading)2021/8/9 星期一2A job interview, a visit to a foreign country, a meeting, a speech, etc.2 Body language is in some ways more limited than spoken language;it is easier to misunderstand body language. Both of them use symbols to represent meaning (gestures and facial e

2、xpressions-sounds).3 We want to be polite, confident, etc. Or it is more difficult to control ones body language than to control what one says. Eg. A speaker is trying to sound confident but his hands are shaking. A person says he is interested in what you are saying but he looks away or taps his fe

3、et.2021/8/9 星期一3 4 Waving ones hand(s);Shaking ones head or hand The same as in the US;Open ones eyes and mouth wide;The same as in the US;No fixed Chinese gesture;No fixed Chinese gesture;Moving ones hand up and down with the palm facing down 2021/8/9 星期一4hipSwinging your hips is a way of saying yo

4、u are happy or in a good mood. Pushing your hips to the left or right can be a way to push people out of your way.thumbPutting your thumb up means you like / praise sth / sb.; down -dislikeIndex fingerPointing your finger to blame/ scold someone.Turning your palm up and bending your forefinger towar

5、ds you to ask someone to come to you or follow you.Tapping your finger to your head to tell someone to think carefully.Putting your finger to your lips to ask someone to be quiet or to whisper.2021/8/9 星期一5palmPutting your hands out in front of you with your palms up to beg or ask for something.Putt

6、ing your hands out at your sides and palms up to show you dont know sth.Putting palms against your cheeks to show surprise or shock.1E2A3B4F5C6DKissing sb on the cheek to show affaction or to greet someone.Slapping sbs cheek to express your anger at being insulted.Scratching your cheek with your fin

7、gers to show that you are confused.cheek2021/8/9 星期一6Do Exx P120Occur avoid contact fold part vary focusGet through in detail give you a hand Hold up ahead of torn down in orderMade a face2021/8/9 星期一7Grammar 2021/8/9 星期一8动词-ing形式作定语我们必须改进工作方法。We must improve our working method. 他们将手术台架设在一座小庙里。They

8、set up an operating table in a small temple.中国是发展中国家。 China is a developing country. 正在做实验的那个学生是我们的班长。 The student making the experiment is our monitor.2021/8/9 星期一9The woman having lessons is my English teacher.The woman is having lessons. She is my English teacher.Grammar:Combine the two sentences

9、 by using “v-ing”.2021/8/9 星期一10-What do you think of the hamburgers?-Theyre very delicious.The hamburgers _are very delicious. (eat)being eaten2021/8/9 星期一11The boy _ his teeth is very naughty.(brush)brushing2021/8/9 星期一12We can watch the train passing by every day.The train is passing by. We can w

10、atch the train. Combine the two sentences by using “v-ing”.2021/8/9 星期一13When an earthquake happens, the earth is moving.So people can feel the earth moving.2021/8/9 星期一14I heard the couples _ in the next room. (sing)singing2021/8/9 星期一15小结： 能跟现在分词作宾语补足语的常见动词有这些，看看有什么好方法可以将它们记住：make，let，have，look at

11、，see，watch，hear，listen to，notice， feel。对了，用“三让、三看、两听、注意感觉”。多简单2021/8/9 星期一16什么是 v-ing ？1. 结构：v-ing2.不能单独作谓语3.没有人称和数的变化4.可以有自己的宾语和状语5.还有时态和语态的变化2021/8/9 星期一17V-ing的形式 主动形式被动形式一般式doingbeing done完成式having donehaving been done否定式 The girl made her mother angry by not taking her medicine.被动式 I dislike be

12、ing laughed at.2021/8/9 星期一18V + -ing 形式用法归纳1、作主语2、作宾语3、作表语4、作定语5、作宾补6、作状语2021/8/9 星期一19Seeing is believing.Talking mends no holes.Saying is one thing; doing is another thing.It is no use talking without doing Do Ex1 on p61空谈无补。 V-ing used as subject2021/8/9 星期一20注意点： 1、Ving做主语通常有两种位置1）位于句首2）it 做形式主

13、语，2、 动名词做主语，谓语用单 / 复数。2021/8/9 星期一21Ving主语还常用于下列结构与区别Ving（短语）做主语还常用于下列结构：a.Its no use sending him over. Its too late already. Its no good talking a lot without doing anything. Its a waste of time arguing about it. It is / was + worth / worthy of doingb. Theres no joking about such matters. Theres no

14、 saying what hell be doing next. Theres no telling what hes going to do.2021/8/9 星期一22注：动名词作主语与不定式作主语的区别： 动名词作主语通常表示抽象的或泛指的动作，一般不与特定的动作执行者联系在一起；不定式作主语通常表示具体的动作或行为，往往与特定的动作执行者联系在一起，如： Its no use crying over spilt milk. (抽象) He realized that to go on like this was no use. (具体) 2021/8/9 星期一23在实际运用中，一般可

15、以互换，差异不大。但在下列几种情况中不能互换： a. 当表语是动名词时，主语也要用动名词；当表语是不定式时，主语也要用不定式，如： Seeing is believing. To see is to believe.2021/8/9 星期一24b. 动名词和不定式作主语，一般都可以使用形式主语it，而将动名词或不定式放在句尾。但在上面提到的句型中，一般宜用Ving，不宜用不定式来代替.Its no use going there today; he wont be at home.Its a waste of time arguing about it. Its no good waiting

16、 here. Lets walk home.而在Its important / Its necessary / Its possible 这类句型中，只能用不定式，如： Its important to learn foreign languages. Its quite necessary to read it many times2021/8/9 星期一25_ (teach) is quite interesting._ (teach) so many little kids in such a small room today will really make me confused.T

17、eachingTo teach2021/8/9 星期一26Ving used as object He likes helping others只接v-ing作宾语的动词有：admit,allow, avoid, appreciate, consider, delay, escape, enjoy, finish, keep, imagine, mind, miss, practice, suggestObject V+objectPrep.+object1) v+objectHe suggested practising speaking English in and out of clas

18、s.2021/8/9 星期一27只接v-ing作宾语的词组有give up, put off, insist on, look forward to, pay attention to, lead to ,devote. to, make a contribution to, feel like, stick to,cant help.He has devoted his life to finding ways to grow more and more rice.2) prep.+ object.2021/8/9 星期一28注意以下短语中to是介词look forward to;pay a

19、ttention to;devoteto; object to; refer to;stick to;be/get used to; turn to lead to belong toIm used to getting up early.反对2021/8/9 星期一29有些动词后可跟不定式和v-ing形式作宾语，意义差别不大。在like, love, hate, prefer等动词后，v-ing形式表示经常性、概括性的动作，不定式表示具体的、特定的某一次动作。如：She likes singing, but she doesnt like to sing today2021/8/9 星期一3

20、0某些动词后既可接不定式，又可接v-ing形式，意义差别较大，这类词常见的有： go on to dogo on doing接着做（另一件事）继续做（同一件事）stop to dostop doing停下来去做停止做remember to doremember doing记住要做记得曾做过1）2）3）2021/8/9 星期一314）forget to doforget doing忘记要做忘了曾经做过5）6）regret to doregret doing很遗憾抱歉地去做后悔做了try to do努力做try doing试着做7）mean to do打算做mean doing意味着做2021/8

21、/9 星期一32动词need，require，want意为“需要”时，后跟动名词被动式作宾语，意义没有区别。如： The window needsrequireswants cleaning.=The window needsrequireswants to be cleaned 2021/8/9 星期一33小结：1.只接动名词作宾语的常见动词有十六个：resist, mind, suggest, delay, keep on look forward to, enjoy, include, appreciate, imagine, practise, finish, succeed in,

22、consider, cant help, miss。抗议推迟盼喜报，心想练成考不错2.介词后要加v-ing 形式2021/8/9 星期一34The movie is very exciting.2021/8/9 星期一35The cartoon is amusing.2021/8/9 星期一36The book she read is very interesting.2021/8/9 星期一37-Her full-time job is laying eggs.=Laying eggs is her full-time job.-What is the hens full-time job?

23、2021/8/9 星期一38The Supermans duty is helping others.= Helping others is the Supermans duty.2021/8/9 星期一39动词-ing形式作表语表语表示主语的特征、性质和状态。我们最大的幸福是为人民服务。 Our greatest happiness is serving the people.我们的任务是建设社会主义。 Our task is building socialism. 我们昨晚看的电影十分动人。 The film we saw last night is quite moving. （现在分词

24、）他的话很鼓舞人。 His words are encouraging. 2021/8/9 星期一402作表语的区别：Ving表语与不定式作表语的区别; Ving作表语时表示比较抽象的一般行为、习惯；不定式作表语时表示具体的某一次动作，特别是将来的动作，试比较： My favourite sport is swimming. The first thing for us to do is to improve our pronunciation.2021/8/9 星期一41Ving的复合结构 Ving的复合结构就是前面带有代词或名词的动名词结构。 有时为了明确动名词所表示的动作的执行者，可以在

25、动名词之前加上一个物主代词或名词所有格，来表示动名词逻辑上的主语。有时也可以用人称代词宾格或名词普通格，不过，这主要用于口语中。如： She wont hear of us leaving the village. Do you object to Li Pings joining the physics group?2021/8/9 星期一42注：如果不是在句子的开头，这个结构常用名词的普通格或人称代词宾格，如： I dont like the idea of us / our not helping at all. I dont mind Jane buying another one.注

26、：如果动名词的逻辑主语是表示无生命的东西的名词，或不定代词，就只能用普通格，不能用所有格，如： Is there any hope of your team winning the match? The boy was alarmed by someone knocking at the door.2021/8/9 星期一43Ving的复合结构有下列用法： 作主语：Their coming to help was a great encouragement to us.Nothing is worse than our bowing before difficulties.Lao Lis (n

27、ot: Li)going wont be of much help. 作表语：Our sole worry is your relying too much on yourself.Whats troubling them is their not having enough machine tools.2021/8/9 星期一44 作宾语：Do you mind my reading your paper?Please excuse my interrupting you. 作介词宾语：They insisted on my staying there for supper.Do you t

28、hink there will be any chance of my seeing him again? 2021/8/9 星期一45Ving的完成形式与被动形式Ving的一般形式通常表示一般性动作（即不是明确地在过去、现在或将来发生的动作）或是与谓语所表示的动作同时发生的动作，如： They are all interested in climbing mountains. He took a great delight in helping others.2021/8/9 星期一46 如果要表示Ving代表的动作在谓语所表示的动作之前发生，通常用动名词的完成形式，如： He didnt

29、mention having met me. I regret not having taken her advice. I dont remember having ever promised you that.注：在某些动词之后（或在成语中）常用（或可以用）Ving的一般形式表示在谓语动作之前发生的动作，如： Excuse me for coming late. I dont remember ever seeing him anywhere.2021/8/9 星期一47 当一个Ving逻辑上的主语所表示的是这动作的承受者时，这个动名词一般要用被动形式，如： This question i

30、s far from being settled. He did it without being asked. They insisted on their being treated as ordinary workers. He didnt mind being left at home. They couldnt stand being treated like that.注：如果表示的动作在谓语表示的动作之前发生，有时需要用Ving的完成被动形式，如： I dont remember having ever been given a chance to try this method

31、. 2021/8/9 星期一48What do you think made Mary so upset？ _ her new bicycle.(1997上海高考题) AAs she lost BLost CLosing DBecause of losing losing her new bicycle是句子的主语，谓语made her so upset被省略 CI cant imagine _ that with them. Ado Bto do Cbeing done Ddoing D2021/8/9 星期一49She looks forward every spring to _ the

32、 flower-lined garden（1995上海高考题） Avisit Bpaying a visit Cwalk in Dwalking in D考查短语动词look forward to后跟动名词作宾语的用法。 2021/8/9 星期一50Let me tell you something about the journalists Dont you remember _ me the story yesterday？（1999上海高考题） Atold Btelling Cto tell Dto have told Bremember telling me意为“记得曾经告诉过我”。 Lets have a rest Not nowI dont want to stop _ yet.Astudy Bto study Cfor st