中考英语《现在完成时》语法复习课件(共44张-)

1、现 在 完 成 时 态 The Present Perfect Tense study EnglishHow long have you been studying English?I have been studying English for 5 years.(2009-now)2009started studying English2014studying5 yearshas been studyingWhen did you start studying English? In 2009.present(now)futurepast 现在完成时( present perfect ten

2、se)do my homework 现在完成时 Present perfect tense 构成:助动词have/has + 过去分词1.肯定句 现在完成时的肯定句式是“havehas过去分词。 注意：该句式中的have或has是助动词，has用于第三人称单数，其它人称一律用have。eg. He has eaten supper.They have eaten supper.2.疑问句现在完成时的一般疑问句式是把助动词have或has提到主语之前。 (回答用“Yes，-have/has“No，-havent/hasnt 3.否定句：现在完成时的否定句式是“havent/hasnt过去分词。

3、eg. Has he eaten supper?Yes, he has./No, he hasnt.eg. He hasnt eaten supper.They havent eaten supper.现在完成时态的分类用法一、1。表过去发生的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果,强调结果现在还存在例如I have just cleaned my clothes. 我刚洗过衣服。“洗衣服是发生在过去的动作，对现在造成的结果是“衣服干净了I have just had my breakfast. (对现在的影响：不饿)Has he had his breakfast? Yes, he has. Whe

4、n did he have his breakfast? He had breakfast at 6:00.1. My father bought many books for me yesterday . Now , I have a lot to read because _2. I saw this film last week.Now, I know this film because I_.3. I did my homework yesterday. Now, I can give it to the teacher because I_my father has bought m

5、any books for me.have seen it before have done it.通常与表示包括现在在内的时间副词 just (谓语动词之前) 刚刚, already已经(肯定句) , before, yet一般疑问(句末 ：已经；否定句：还 never, ever twice recently(近来等状语连用 1 Tom has already finished his homework. Tom hasnt finished his homework yet. 2 I have just had my lunch. She hasnt seen you before. 3

6、 Have you ever eaten fish? I have never eaten fish I have never heard of that before. Have you ever ridden a horse? She has already finished the work. Have you milked the cow yet? Yes, I have done that already. Ive just finished my homework. He has not come yet. Exercises1. I _(have) lunch already.2

7、. the train_ (arrive) yet?3.Tom _ never_ (be ) to China.4. The twin _just _(see) my father.5. The twins _(see) my father just now.6._ you ever _(ride) a horse? Never.have hadHas arrivedhasbeenhasseensawhave ridden7._ you _(clean) the room? Yes, we_(do) that already. When _ you _(do) it? We _(do) it

8、an hour ago.8._ he _(see) this film yet? No. When _ he _(see) it? He _ it tomorrow. 9. How many times _you_(come) here? Once.Havecleanedhave donediddodidHasseenwillseewill seehavecome1 你已经问过这个问题两边了，别再烦我了。2我能借你的字典用一下吗？对不起，已经借给Tom了3 你以前见过她吗？不，从来没有过。 4 你曾经去过北京吗？是的我去过那儿三次。5 你已经看完那本小说了吗？是的，我已经把它还给图书馆了。Yo

9、u have asked me this question twice. Dont bother me.Have you finished reading that novel? Yes, Ive returned itto the library.Have you ever seen her before? Never.Have you ever been to Beijing? Yes, Ive been there three times.Can I borrow your dictionary? Sorry, Ive lent it to Tom.用法二： 表示过去已经开始，持续到现在

10、的动作或状态，也可以表示一直持续到现在并可能还将持续下去。A 动词使用延续性动词。B 和表时间段的时间状语连用。常与for或since引导的时间连用so far(到目前为止), up to/till now(直到现在), in the last/past+一段时间(在过去的一段时间里)，all ones life, by now(到目前为止), these days, those days、for two years、since 1984、since he came here I havent seen her these days.She has learnt English for 3 y

11、ears/since 3 years ago. They have lived here since 1990. What has happened to the USA in the last 350years?注意：(1)since一段时间agofor时间段; since two weeks ago=for two weeks; I have kept the library book for a week.= I have kept the library book since a week ago. (2)since + 时间点for时间段 since 2000=for 14 year

12、s(3) since+从句(常用一般过去时) The Greens have lived in Beijing since they moved to Beijing from Paris(4)It is /has been +一段时间 + since 从句. 自从某事发生已有一段时间了. It is /has been two years since my brother joined the army. 一、用for和since填空。_three hours_three oclock_two days_yesterday afternoon_I came here_last Sunday_

13、a week_a long time_1997 _two weeks_three years ago _ last monthforsinceforsincesincesinceforforsinceforsincesince用for和since填空They have been learning Chinese _ they came to China.2. I havent seen her _ a long time.3. He has been living here _ 2001.4. She has been doing her homework _ two hours.5. Its

14、 5 years _ we left school.6. How long has Mary been a teacher? _ two years ago. Have a trysinceforsinceforsinceSince用for 或since填空。1. Jill has been in Ireland _ Monday.2. Jill has been in Ireland _ three days.3. My aunt has lived in Australia_15 days.4. Mary is in her office. She has been there_7 ocl

15、ock.5. India has been an independent country _1974.6. The bus is late. Weve been waiting_20 minutes.7. Nobody lives in those houses. They have been empty _ many years.8. Mike has been ill _a long time. He has been in hospital _Octobersinceforforsincesinceforforforsince9. Its ten years _ we met each

16、other last time. 10. He has taught English _ 25 years. 11. The Greens have lived on the farm _ 1990. 12. They have been practicing the guitar _ two hours. 13.How long have you been a reporter? _ 8 years ago. 14. I havent gone for a walk in the park _ a long time. 15. Hes been collecting stamps _ he

17、was in primary school. 16. Peter has been to summer camp _ 3 times. sinceforsinceforFor forsincefor1.我自从上周三以来都没有看过电视了。2.我自从98年来这儿，一直在这教英语。3.她自从三岁开始一直在这儿住。4.在刚刚过去的一年里我已经交了许多好朋友。5.你爸爸在那个工厂工作多久了？自从我们99年搬家来这儿。I havent watched TV since last Wednesday.I have taught English here since I came here in 1998.S

18、he has lived here since she was three years old.I have made many good friends in the past year.How long has your father worked in that factory?Since we moved here in 1999.三、非延续性动词与现在完成时短暂性动词在肯定句、疑问句中不能与时间段连用，这些动词是：become, begin, buy, borrow, arrive, come, die, fall, finish, get to know, go, join, le

19、ave, marry等。为了表述这种意思，我们常用相应的延续性动词have，keep等来代替非延续性动词。他入党五年了。He joined the Party five years ago .He has been in the Party for five years.He has been a Party member for five years.It is/has been five years since he joined the Party电影开始五分钟了。 The film began five minutes ago.The film has been on for five

20、 minutes.It is/has been five minutes since the film began.常见非延续性动词和延续性动词的转变第一类：动词 be + adj.die finish open/closefall ill/asleepmarry sb/get married to第二类：动词 be + 介词.start/beginleavejoin be deadbe away from be in/be a member ofbe open/closedbe onbe overbe ill/asleepbe married to第三类：动词 另一个动词 buyborrow

21、get/begin to延续性v.becomeput oneg.keephavebe延续性v.wearHis father died 2 years ago.The football match began at 9:00a.m.The twins joined the army when they were 18 years old.My teacher left Nanjing 3 days ago.His father has been dead for 2 years/since two years.The football match has been on since 9:00 a

22、.m.The twins have been soldiers/ in the army、members of the army since they were 18years old. My teacher has been away from Nanjing for 3 days/since 3 days ago. 巧记瞬间性动词的转换 “开始离去借来还， 出生入死买到家，穿衣入睡要感冒， 开开关关变结束。1 beginbe on6 returnbe back2 leavebe away from7 joinbe in3 gobe off8 diebe dead4 borrowkeep9

23、buyhave5 comebe here10 arrivebe here10 reachbe here11put onwear13catch a coldhave a cold14openbe open15closebe closed17end/finishbe over16becomebe12fall asleepbe asleep结束性动词转换为以下延续性动词或者表示可以延续的状态的短语 arrive at / in sp / get to / reach sp / come / go / move to sp be in sp / at school / at home / on the

24、 farm / be here / be thereHe got to Beijing five minutes ago. He Beijing for .2) I moved to the USA in 2008. I the USA since .3) I went home yesterday. I home for .4)They came here last week. They _ here since _. come to / go back to / return to be back to be outHe came out two years ago. He _ for _

25、.have beenlast weekhas been outtwo years2) We return to Beijing yesterday. We _ _ to Beijing since _. become beI became a teacher in 2000. I _ a teacher for_.2) The river became dirty last year. The river _ dirty for _ _. close be closed; open be openThe shop closed two hours ago. The shop _ _ for _

26、.2) The door opened at six in the morning. The door _ _ _ for six hours.have beenbackyesterdayhave been14 yearshas beena yearhas been closedtwo yearshas been open get up be up; die be dead; leave sp. be away from sp.fall asleep / get to sleep be asleep; finish / end be over; marry be married;1) I go

27、t up two hours ago. I _ _ since _.2) He left Shanghai just now. He _ _ _ Shanghai for five minutes.3) My grandpa died in 2002.My grandpa _ _ _for _ _.4) The meeting finished at six. The meeting _ _ _ for six hours.5) I got to sleep two hours ago .I _ _ _ since _ _.6) They married in 1990. They _ _ _

28、since _.have been uptwo hours agohasbeen away from hasbeen dead12 yearshas been overhas been asleeptwo hours agohavebeen married1990 start / begin to do sth. do sth. ;begin be on1) I began to teach at this school in 1995. I _ _ at this school since _.2) The film began two minutes ago. The film _ _ _

29、 for _ _. borrow keep; lose not have ;buy have ;put on wearcatch / get a cold have a cold; get to know know1) They borrowed it last week. They _it since _.2) I bought a pen two hours ago. I _a pen for _.3) I got to know him last year. I _ him since _.4) I put on my glasses three years ago. I _ my gl

30、asses for _.havetaught1995hasbeen ontwo minuteshave keptlast weekhave hadtwo hourshave knownlast yearhave wornthree yearshave / has gone to have been inHe has gone to Beijing. He _ Beijing for two days. join the league / the Party / the army be a league member /a Party member / a soldier be a member

31、 of the league / the Party be in the league / the Party / the army1) He joined the league in 2002.He _ a _ for two years.He _ a _ the _ for two years.He _ the league for two years.2) My brother joined the army two years ago.My brother _a _ for _ _.My brother _ in _ for two years.have been inhas been

32、league memberhas beenmember ofleaguehas been inhas beensolidertwo yearshas beenthe army注意点四：have been in, have been to 与have gone to 的用法1、have (has) been in 表示“在某地多长时间，现在仍在那里。常与表示一段时间的状语连用。例如：Mr. Brown has been in Shanghai for three days. They have been in Canada for five years. 2、have( has) been to

33、表示“曾经去过某地，现在已经不在那里了。可与just, ever, never等连用，例如：I have just been to the post office. Mary has never been to the Great Wall. Have you ever been to Hangzhou before? Have (has) been to 后面可接次数，表示去过某地几次。eg：They have been to that village several times. 3、have (has) gone to 意为“到某地去了，表示到了某地或正在去某地的途中。总之，说话时该人不

34、在现场，eg：-Where is Tom? -He has gone to the bookshop. Jack has gone to London. have /has been to和have / has gone to 的用法区别 1 “ have /has been to+地名 表示曾经去过某地，说话时已经回到说话地点， 常与once 、twice、ever、never 等时间连用。2 “have / has gone to +地名 表示去某地了，现在没有回答，人不在说话地点。巧记:been to ，gone to 意不同，两者用法要记清； have been to + 地名，曾经到

35、过某地行； have gone to + 地点，到某地去了一走远。用法四用have /has been to和have / has gone to填空 Hi，Lucy，_ you ever _ Beijing？ No，I _ . What about your sister，Lily？ Oh，she_ _ _ Chengdu， she will come back next week. Ok，thanks. Youre welcome.have been to haventhas gone to用have / has been to / in, have gone to及go的各种形式填空.1

36、) Where is Jack? He _ his country.2) David _ the park just now.3) John _ England since he came back.4) How long _ they _ this village ?5) The Smiths _ Beijing for years.6) _ you ever _ America - Yes, I _ there many times.6) I _ this school since three years ago.7) Where is Jim? He _ the farm.8) When

37、_ he _ ?He _ an hour ago.has gone to went tohas been inhave been inhave been inHave been tohave beenhave been inhas gone todid gowent 9) Would you like to _ to the zoo with me -Yes, but I _ there before.10) Where _ you _ now ? - I _ to the zoo.11) He often _ swimming.12) _ you _ there last year ?13)

38、 _ they often _ skating in winter?gohave wentare goingam goinggoesDid goDo go注意现在完成时的几个特殊方面：一现在完成时与一般现在时的区别have livedlivedHave haddid have 现在完成时表示过去发生或已经完成的某一动作对现在产生的影响或结果，强调的是现在的情况。所以它不能和表示过去时间状语连用；而一般过去时只单纯表示过去的动作或状态，和现在不发生关系，可以和表示过去的时间状语连用。一现在完成时与一般现在时的句型转换eg：I have studied English for three year

39、s -I studied English three years ago -It is/has been three years since I studied English试一试，用所给词的正确形式填空1 I livehere since I was ten years old. 2 I livehere in 1998.- you your breakfast？-Yes，I have. -When you it？- 30 minutes ago.have livedlivedHave haddid havehave livedlivedHave haddid have注意点一：现在完成时

40、与一般过去时的用法比较现在完成时表示过去的动作一直延续到现在甚至会继续下去或表示过去的动作对现在造成的影响；一般过去时表示动作发生的时间在过去。现在完成时属于现在时态范围，因此，不能和表示过去的时间状语连用。 如：yesterday, last night, two weeks ago等 试比较：The plane has arrived . 飞机已经来了。说明现在的情况：飞机在这儿The plane arrived a quarter ago. 飞机是一刻中以前来的。强调动作发生的时间在过去I have taught here for fifteen years. 我在这儿已经教了十五年。表

41、示十五年前的动作一直延续到现在，还可能会继续。I taught here for a year. 我过去在这儿教过一年。表示“我“现在已经不在这儿任教了用括号中所给的动词的适当形式完成以下句子。Mary _(lose) her pen just now . _ you _ (see) it here and there?2. _ you _ (find) your watch yet?3. -Are you thirsty? -NO, I _ just _ (have) some orange.4. We _already _ (return) the book.5. _ they _ (bu

42、ild) a new school in the village?6. -Has Tom taught you English?-Yes, he _ (teach) us English for two years.7. I _(not finish) my homework yet. Can you help me?8. What _ they _ (do) with the newspaper? They have read them.lostHave seenHave foundhave hadhave returnedHave builthas taughthavent finishe

43、dhave done9. - The door is open. Who _ (open) it? Do you know?- Sorry, I dont know.10. My father _ (read) the novel twice.11. Wu Dong _(be) a soldier for one year.12. The students _(study) in the middle school since last month.13. How long _ you _(know) him?14. Mike _ (make) quite a few friends sinc

44、e he came to China.15. I _(give) my friend a nice book recently.16. Li Ping and Wu Dong _(see) the old man three times.17. _ she ever _(teach) you English?18. These children _ (stay) in the park for two hours.openedhas readhas beenhave studiedhave knownhas madehave givenhave seenHas taughthave staye

45、d1.Shes _ (live) here ever since she was ten.2.Both of them _ (be) in Hongkong for ten days.3.Both of them _ (come) to Hongkong ten days ago.4. Half an hour _ (pass) since the train _ (leave).5. _ you _ (find) your watch yet 7. -Are you thirsty -No I _just _ (have) some orange.8. We _already _ (retu

46、rn) the book.9. _ they _ (build) a new school in the village livedhave beencamehas passedleftHave foundhavehadhave returnedHave built10. I _(not finish) my homework . Can you help me 11. My father _ (read) the novel twice.12. I _ (buy) a book just now.13. I _ (lose ) my watch yesterday.14. My father

47、 _ (read) this book since yesterday15.He has never surfed, _ ?(反意疑问句) 16.They have been here since 2000. (划线提问) _have they been here?17.The old man _ last year. He _ for a year. (die) 18.This factory opened twenty years ago.(同义句) This factory _ _ for twenty years.havent finishedhas readboughtlosthas

48、 readhas heHow longdiedhas been deadhas been open19.Miss Gao left an hour ago. (同义句转换) Miss Gao _ _ _ _ an hour ago.20.Her mother has been a Party member for three years .同义句21.Her mother _ the Party three years_.22.The Green Family moved to France two years ago. (同义句转换) _ two years _ the Green fami

49、ly moved to France.24.The bus has arrived here. It arrived ten minutes ago. (把两个句子合并成一个句子) _has been away sincejoinedagoIt is/ has beensinceThe bus has arrived here since it arrived ten minutes ago.1.His father died two years ago. His father _ _ _ for two years.2. He has been in the army for three y

50、ears._ _ three years since he _ the army.3. I began to study at this school five years ago.I _ _ at this school _ five years.4. Have you ever visited Beijing?Have you ever _ _ _ ?5. I am a teacher. I became a teacher five years ago. I _ _ _ _ for five years. I _ _ _ _ _ five years ago.6. I bought th

51、e car five years ago. I _ _ the car for five years.has been deadIt isjoinedhave studiedfortravelled to Beijinghave been a teacherhave been a teacher sincehave had7. I have borrowed a new book from the school library.I _ _ a new book from the school library for two days.8. The boy has come back.The b

52、oy _ _ _ for an hour.9. The film has begun.The film _ _ _ _ five minutes.10. The man in a hat has left.The man in a hat _ _ _ _ half an hour ago.11. Both students havent finished their homework._ _ _ finished their homework.have kepthas been backhas been on forhas been away sinceNeither student has6

53、. 你上网多久了?7. 我上网三小时了。8. 你什么时候开始集邮的？9. 我五年前开始集邮的。10. 他收集贝壳十年了。How long have you been surfing the Internet?Ive been surfing the Internet for three hours.When did you start collecting stamps?I started collecting stamps five years ago.He has been collecting shells for ten years.：你收集贝壳有多长时间了？ B:自从我上中学以来。

54、A：How long _ you _ _ shells? B：_ I _ to middle school.2.我滑冰已有五个小时了。 I _ _ _ _ 5 hours.3.A:这是你首次参加滑冰马拉松吗?B:不,去年我参加过。 A: Was this your _ _ _? B: No，I _ in a _ last year.4.A:你什么时候得到第一双溜冰鞋？ B: 3年前。 A: When did you _ your first _ _ _? B: Three years ago.5. A:他游泳有多长时间了？ B: 他已游了半小时了。 A: How long _ he _ _ ?

55、 B: He _ _ _ _ half an hour.have been collectingSince wenthave been skating forfirst skating marathonskated marathonget pair of skateshas been swimminghas been swimming for11、他一直在这条街住了近20年了。12、我打扫房间已经扫了3个小时了。13、自从4岁起我就一直学英语。14、你六点起就一直在给他讲 ？15、雨下多久了？I have been cleaning the room for three hours.He has been living in the street