江苏高考英语阅读理解细节理解题讲解训练版含

1、江苏高考英语阅读理解：细节理解题讲解及训练word版含答案江苏高考英语阅读理解：细节理解题讲解及训练word版含答案15/15江苏高考英语阅读理解：细节理解题讲解及训练word版含答案江苏2017高考英语阅读理解-细节理解题讲解及训练（含答案）阅读理解解题指导阅读理解素来都是高考英语试卷中难度最大、区分度最高的题型，它要求考生理解文章的主旨和要义；理解文中的详尽信息；依照上下文推断生词的词义；理解文章的基本结构；理解作者的妄图、见解和态度等。下面我们来商议一下高考阅读理解的解题思路。阅读理解【细节理解题】细节理解题主要观察考生对阅读资料中某一特定细节或文章的主要事实的理解能力。它的设题方式主要

2、有以下两种：1.以what,who,which,when,where,why,how等特别疑问句的方式来提问，针对文章中的详尽事物、人物、时间、地点、原因(目的)、方式等来设问观察。解这类题时，大家可以带着问题去阅读文章，最后采用“对号入座”的方法，把原文信息跟后边的题目比较，最后确定出正确答案。如:真题摘选【1】(2013江苏卷D篇)Isaycleverbecauseanti-slaveryfictionhadbeentheimportantpartoftheliteratureintheyearsbeforetheCivilWar.H.B.StowesUncleTomsCabinisonl

3、ythemostfamousexample.Theseearlystoriesdealtdirectlywithslavery.Withminorexceptions,Twainplantedhisattacksonslaveryandprejudiceintotalesthatwereonthesurfaceaboutsomethingelseentirely.Hedrewhisreadersintotheargumentbydrawingthemintothestory.65.HowdoTwainsnovelsonslaverydifferfromStoweA.Twainwasmorewi

4、llingtodealwithracism.s?B.Twainsattackonracismwasmuchlessopen.C.Twainsthemesseemedtoagreewithplots.D.Twainwasopenlyconcernedwithracism.解析：依照文中信息，Stowe的小说正面抨击奴隶制问题，而马克?吐温则经过故事来抨击奴隶制和种族歧视，可见马克?吐温对种族歧视的抨击不那么公开。【实战演练】阅读理解Partofaresearchstudy，byscientistsatMcMasteruniversity，whichisongoingintotheinfluenc

5、eofdrinkingmilkafterheavyweightlifting，hasobservedthatmilkhelpsexercisersburnmorefat.Thescientiststookthreegroupsofyoungmen18to30yearsofage,56intotal，andputthemthroughastrict，five-day-per-weekweightliftingprogramovera12-weektheirworkouts，studyparticipantsdrankeithertwocupsofskimmilk(脱脂奶)，orasoybever

6、agewithequivalentamountsofproteinandenergy，oracarbohydratebeverage(碳酸饮料)withanequivalentamountofenergy.Uponthestudysconclusion，scientistsobservedthat：themilkdrinkinggrouphadlostnearlytwiceasmuchfattwopoundsasthoseinthecarbohydratebeveragegroup，wholostonepoundofdrinkingsoylostnothesametime，thegaininm

7、usclewasmuchgreateramongthemilkdrinkersthaneitherthesoyorcarbohydratebeverageparticipants.Aspublishedinthefirststageofthestudy，themilkdrinkinggroupcameoutontopintermsofmusclegainwithanestimated40percentorpoundsmoremusclemassthanthesoybeverageaddition，thisgroupgained63percentorpoundsmoremusclemasstha

8、nthecarbohydratebeveragedrinkers.“Ithinktheevidenceisbeginningtoincrease，”saysStuartPhillipstheleaderofthestudy.“Milkmaybebestknownforitscalcium(钙)contentinsupportingbonehealth，butourresearch，andlaterothers，cancontinuallysupportmilksabilitytoaidinmusclegrowthandalsopromotebodyfatistheidealpost-worko

9、utdrinkforrecreationalexercisersandathletesalike.”1Accordingtothestudy，whichisthebestdrinkforexerciserstoloseweight?AFruitjuice.BSoybeverage.CSkimmilk.DCarbohydratebeverage.解析：细节理解题。依照第三段可知。答案：C2FromthepassagewecanlearnthatmilkhasagoodeffectonallofthefollowingEXCEPT_.AmusclegainBbraindevelopmentCbon

10、ehealthDfatloss解析：细节理解题。依照前三段可知，牛奶可以gainmuscle和losefat，故A、D正确；依照最后一段中的“Milkmaybebestknownforitscaliciumcontentinsupportingbonehealth”可知C也正确，所以答案为B。答案：B3Accordingtothepassage，wecanknowthat_.Athescientistschosepeopleaged18,30and56asparticipantsoftheresearchBtheweightliftingprogramwhichstudyparticipant

11、sattendedwas84daysintotalCpeoplewhodrinkmilkeverydayarealwayshealthierandthinnerthanothersDsoybeveragesarebetterthancarbohydratebeveragesforexerciserstogainmuscle解析：细节理解题。依照第二段中的“Thescientistsbookthreegroupsofyoungmen18to30yearsofage,56intotal，”可知A错误；依照第二段中的“putthemthroughastrict，five-day-per-weekwe

12、ightliftingprogramovera12-weekperiod.”可知B错误；文章提到喝牛奶可以gainmuscle和losefat，但是并没有提到每天喝牛奶的人会比其他人健康、苗条，故C也错误。答案：D4WhatdoesPhilipswanttotellus?AMoreevidenceisneededtostrengthentheirresearch.BMilkhasmorecalciumthansoyorcarbohydratebeverages.CThecalciuminmilkcanalsohelpgainmuscleandlosefat.DAthletesshouldbef

13、orbiddentodrinkotherbeveragesexceptmilk.解析：细节理解题。由“.butourresearch，andlaterothers，cancontinuallysupportmilksabilitytoaidinmusclegrowthandalsopromotebodyfatloss.”可知答案。答案：A5Whatdoesthepassagemainlytalkabout?AWhatexercisersshoulddotoloseweight.BHowmilkinfluencespeopleshealthandfigure.CThedifferencesbet

14、weenmilkandsoyorcarbohydratebeverages.DAresearchontheeffectofdrinkingmilkgainmuscleandlosefat.解析：主旨马虎题。通读全文可知，文章介绍了一项关于喝牛奶的最新研究成就，即喝牛奶可以gainmuscle和losefat，所以答案为D。答案：D.真题摘选【2】(2013课标卷IA篇)Somepeoplewilldojustaboutanythingtosavemoney.AndIamoneofthem.Takemyfamilyslastvacation.Itwasmysix-year-oldsonswint

15、erbreakfromschool,andwewereheadinghomeformFortLauderdaleafteraweeklongtrip.Theflightwasoverbooked,andDelta,theairline,offeredus$400perpersonincreditstogiveupourseatsandleavethenextday.IhadmeetingsinNewYork,soIhadtogetback.Butthatdidntmeanmyhusbandandmysoncouldntstay.Itookmynine-month-oldandtookofffo

16、rhome.56.WhydidDeltagivetheauthorsfamilycredits?A.Theytookalaterflight.B.Theyhadearlybookings.C.Theirflighthadbeendelayed.D.Theirflighthadbeencancelled.解析：本文为夹叙夹议文。作者经过表达自己的亲身经素来说明见解，即如何获取金钱的最大利用价值，从而理性花销。利用要点词盘问可以在第一段中找到Theflightwasoverbooked,andDelta,theairline,offeredus$400perpersonincreditstogiv

17、eupourseatsandleavethenextday这些相关信息。由该句可知，因为航班超员，航空公司(Delta)以信用卡的形式补偿我们每人400美金，要我们放弃座位，第二天再走开。应选A项(他们乘坐了较晚的航班)。【实战演练】【2016届石家庄市高中毕业班质量检测（二）试题】阅读理解。阅读下面短文，选择最正确答案填空。Youuseherasashouldertocryon.Shetextsyoubackwithcasualjokes.Butshe,Xiaoice,isonlyavirtualchatbot.CXiaoice,Microsoftslatestartificialintel

18、ligencerobot,wasbrieflyreleasedin2014,andreturnedtoWeChatin2015,whereshebecameabighit.MillionsofyoungChinesenowexchangemessageswithherdaily,TheNewYorkTimesreported.OnWeChat,Xiaoiceisanofficialaccount.Afterfollowingit,userscanstarttext-basedconversationswithXiaoice.“Herincrediblelearningabilitywaswhy

19、peoplelovedtotalkwithXiaoice,”LiuJinchang,aresearcheratHigh-techResearchandDevelopmentCenterundertheMinistryofScienceandTechnology,toldChinaDaily.Apartfromherabilitytoidentifyphotosandsendemojis(表情符号)inconversations,Xiaoicegains45percentofherknowledgefrominteractingwithusers,ChinaDailyreported.Chatb

20、otprogramsfirstappearedinthemid-1960sintheUS.Drivenbytoptechcompanies,theyarebecomingsmarterandmorecommon.Forinstance,IBMslatestartificialintelligenceprogramservedasanacademicconsultantatAustraliasDeakinUniversity,answeringstudentsquestionsaboutcourseschedulesandfinancialaid.ApplesSiriandAmazonsAlex

21、ahavebeenusedasvoiceassistantswhocanreadnews,playmusicandevenmakejokesfortheirusers.Theseprogramsareexpectedtomovebeyondsmartphones,intotelevisions,carsandlivingrooms,TheNewYorkTimespointedout.However,itmaytakedecadesbeforescientistsdevelop“Samantha”,theadvancedchatbotseeninthefictionfilmHer.Inthefi

22、lm,SamanthasparksaromanticrelationshipwithheruserplayedbyUSactorJoaquinPhoenix.Manyviewerswereenthusiasticaboutthisfantasyofvirtualsoulmates.1.Whatdoestheunderlinedpartinparagraphtwomean?Shebecameabestseller.Shebecameverypowerful.Shebecameamoneymaker.D.Shebecameverypopular.2.WhichofthefollowingcanXi

23、aoicedo?A.Dohousework.B.Spreadmessages.C.Identifyvariousphotos.D.Readnewstoitsusers.3.Whichcompanyschatbotprogramcanactasanacademicconsultant?A.Microsoft.B.IBM.C.Apple.D.Amazon.Whatcanbelearnedfromthelastparagraph?Chatbotsmainlyrunonsmartphonesnow.Itlltakedecadestoapplychatbotstocars.Samanthaisplaye

24、dbyaUSactorinthefilm.D.ThefilmHerdoesntinterestmanyaudience.参照答案、DCBA以不完满的句子形式，针对文章的某个细节设题，观察考生对此事实细节的认定和理解能力。如：真题摘选【1】(2013课标卷IB篇)Ordonewbornssimplyprefermoretofewer?Thesameexperiment,butwiththreespotsshownbeforetwo,showsthesamereturnofinterestwhenthenumberofspotschanges.Perhapsitisjustthenewness?W

25、henslightlyolderbabieswereshowncardswithpicturesofobjects(acomb,akey,anorangeandsoon),changingthenumberofobjectshadaneffectseparatefromchangingtheobjectsthemselves.Coulditbethepatternthattwothingsmake,asopposedtothree?Noagain.Babiespaidmoreattentiontosquaresmovingrandomlyonascreenwhentheirnumberchan

26、gedfromtwotothree,orthreetotwo.Theeffectevencrossesbetweensenses.Babieswhowererepeatedlyshowntwospotsbecamemoreexcitedwhentheythenheardthreedrumbeatsthanwhentheyheardjusttwo;likewise(同样地)whentheresearchersstartedwithdrumbeatsandmovedtospots.Babiesaresensitivetothechangein_.thesizeofcardsthecolourofp

27、icturesC.theshapeofpatternsD.thenumberofobjects解析：本文为科普类说明文，主要谈论了婴儿可否能感知数量这一问题。依照第二段中Whenslightlyolderbabieswereshowncardswithpicturesofobjects(acomb,akey,anorangeandsoon),changingthenumberofobjectshadaneffectseparatefromchangingtheobjectsthemselves可知，卡片上物品的数量而不是物品自己的变化对婴儿的视觉产生了影响，应选D。【习题选编】阅读以下短文,从

28、给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中,选出最正确选项。体裁：记述文话题：公共服务时间：7分钟TheworldoftaxidriversisdominatedbythereisonesmalltaxicompanyinDelhi，whereallthedriversandpassengersaressafetyisahottopicinIndiaatthemomentaverypopularservice.，soitsproving“WhenImontheroaddrivingourtaxiIfeelveryproud，becausethisisthefirsttaxiserviceonlyforw

29、omen，”says31-year-oldShantiSharma，whoisoneofeightfemaledriverswithataxiservicecalledCabsforWomenbyWomen.Thelastcoupleofmonths，sincetherapeandmurderinthecityofacollegestudenttravellingonabus，havebeenparticularlybusyforherandhercolleagues.“Afterthiscase，ourworkloadhasincreasedsomuch，”saysSharma.“Women

30、whousedothercabservicesarealsoturningtousnow.”MostwomeninDelhisaytheyroutinelyfaceharassment(骚扰)，andworse，especiallyonpublictransport.Sharma，asingleparentwiththreedaughters，hasbeenworkingasataxidriversince2011，whentheservicewasfirstsetup，andithaschangedheristhefirsttimethatshehasearnedenoughabout250

31、amonthtosupportherfamily.Ofcourse，sheandtheotherfemaletaxidriversarecompletelyoutnumberedbymalecabbies.“WhenIparksomewheretherearealwaysmenthereandinevitablyfiveorsixofthemgettogetherandhangout，”shesays.“Imusuallytheonlywomanintheparkinglot，soIjuststayinsidethecar.”Itsnotmuchbetterwhensheisoutonthes

32、aysthemaledriversgiveherahardtime.“Assoonastheyseeawomanatthewheeltheystarthonking(按喇叭)fornolltrytoovertakemalwaysworryingabouthowtoavoidgettinghitbysomeone.”ThecompanybehindCabsforWomenbyWomen，SakhaConsultingWings，hadanumberofgoalswhenitsetupthewantedtogivewomenfrompoorbackgroundsanopportunitytoear

33、nputtingwomeninchargeoftechnologies，italsowantedtochangepeoplesattitudes，andopenupboundariesforwomen.【语篇导读】德里一家出租车公司特地推出了女性司机只为女性乘客供应服务的CabsforWomenbyWomen出租车业务。买卖异常火爆。1ThetaxiserviceCabsforWomenbyWomen_.AisgreatlyneededatpresentinIndiaBcausesahotdebateinIndiaCwassetupin2012Disfreeofchargeforwomen解析

34、细节理解题。依照第一段第三句中的“itsprovingaverypopularservice”可知，这项女性出租车服务在现在有很大需求量。答案A2WhyarewomenwhousedothercabservicesturningtoCabsforWomenbyWomen?ABecauseitischeap.BBecauseitissafe.CBecauseitisfamous.DBecauseitisconvenient.解析推理判断题。依照第三、四段内容可推知，那些以前乘坐其他出租车的女性现在选择CabsforWomenbyWomen，是因为这类由妇女驾驶的出租车能为女性乘客供应安全保障。答

35、案B3WhatdoweknowaboutSharma?ASheisthefirstfemaletaxidriverinDelhi.BShelivesinharmonywithherhusband.CShehasregrettedbecomingataxidriver.DShehasabettersalaryafterbecomingataxidriver.解析细节理解题。依照第六段可知，从2011年Sharma成为出租车司机后，她才赚了足够多的钱来养家糊口。答案D4Whatisthemainideaofthelastparagraph?ATheopportunitiesCabsforWomen

36、byWomenprovidesforwomen.BThemainpurposesofCabsforWomenbyWomen.CPeoplesattitudestowardsCabsforWomenbyWomen.DThebackgroundinformationofCabsforWomenbyWomen.解析段落马虎题。依照本段的主题句“ThecompanybehindCabsforWomenbyWomen，SakhaConsultingWings，hadanumberofgoalswhenitsetuptheservice.”可知，本段主要讲睁开CabsforWomenbyWomen出租车服

37、务的目的。答案B【长难句解读】原文Sharma，asingleparentwiththreedaughters，hasbeenworkingasataxidriversince2011，whentheservicewasfirstsetup，andithaschangedherlife.译文Sharma是一个独自抚养三个女儿的单亲母亲，自从2011年首次睁开这项服务以来，她素来是一名出租车司机。这改变了她的生活。解析and前后为两个并列分句。在第一个分句中，asingleparentwiththreedaughters是Sharma的同位语。when引导一个定语从句，修饰2011。【2016届

38、石家庄市高中毕业班质量检测（二）试题】阅读理解。阅读下面短文，选择最正确答案填空。DIfyouwatchBritishtelevisiononMarch15,youmightbesurprisedtoseecelebrities(名人)wearingfunnyrednosesandjokingaround.Butdontworry.Theyrenotmad.ItsallpartofamoneyraisingeventcalledRedNoseDay.Foundedin1985bytwoBritishcomedians,theaimoftheeventistoraisemoneytofightp

39、overtyandinjusticeintheUKandAfrica.CelebritiesandpublicfiguressupporttheeventbymakingappearancesoncomicTVshows.Forexample,UKPrimeMinisterDavidCamerononceappearedinamusicvideobyOneDirection,whichthebandproducedfortheevent.Britonsdontjustraisemoneyforcharitablecausesononedayayear,buttheydoitallyearrou

40、nd.Onewayofdoingsoisbyshoppingincharityshops.Thesesmallshopssellclothes,booksandhouseholdgoodsjustlikeanyothershopexceptthatitsallsecondhand.Therearenearly10,000charityshopsintheUK.Theirbusinessmodelissimple:Anybodywhohasthingstheydontwantanymorecandonatethemtoacharityshop,wheretheyarecheckedfordama

41、ge,cleanedandpriced.Themoneythatismadebysellingthemisusedforacharitablecause.Theideaofbuyingusedclothesmaysoundunpleasant,butforshopperswhohavelessspendingmoney,ithasbeenawelcomeoption.Now,shoppingatcharityshopsisalsobecomingpopularwithyoungpeoplelookingforalternativefashion.“Youcanfindveryuniqueclo

42、thesforaverycheapprice.Itdoesntbothermethatotherpeoplemayhavewornthem,IsimplywashthembeforeIwearthem,”saidAnneMarie,a19-year-oldfromtheUS.Sonexttimeyouspotacharityshop,whynotgoinside?Whoknows,youmightfindalovelydressforjustafewpounds.Evenbetter,youcanenjoywearingitintheknowledgethatyourmoneyhelpedag

43、oodcause.1.WhydidCameronappearinOneDirectionsmusicvideo?A.Toearnaliving.B.Tosupporttheband.C.Tohelpraisingmoney.D.Toentertaintheaudience.Wherearethegoodsofcharityshopsfrom?Localbands.Peoplesdonation.Britishcomedians.TheUKgovernment.WhatsAnneMariesattitudetocharityshops?A.Favorable.B.Particular.C.Dou

44、btful.D.Disapproving.4.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A.RedNoseDay.B.Britishcelebrities.C.CharityinBritain.D.Secondhandshops.参照答案、14、CBAC【2016年沈阳市高中三年级授课质量监测（一）】阅读理解。阅读下面短文，选择最正确答案填空。ABritishInternationalSchoolsinChinaHarrowInternationalSchoolBeijingThemissionstatementoftheschoolis“Leadershipforabetterwor

45、ld”,whichdrawsonthegreattraditionoffamousleadersstudyinginHarrowSchoolsuchasWinstonChurchillandPunditNehru.Establishedin2005,theHarrowInternationalSchoolBeijingisknownforitsreputationforhavingthehighestacademicstandardsandclosepersonaltutoring.Allstudentshaveapersonaltutortotakecareoftheirpersonalco

46、ncerns.Thetuitionfeeperyearrangesfrom80,100to258,400yuan($12,60040,600)forhalfday,pre-nurserytoyear13.ReadmoreviaCollegeShanghaiDulwichCollegeShanghaiismadeupofabout1,500studentsfromage2toage18,withover40differentnationalities.DulwichCollegeShanghaiopenedin2003andhasbeenrecognizedasoneofthebestinter

47、nationalschoolsinShanghai.About70percentoftheschoolsteachersareBritish.Theschoolsannualpaymentrangesfrom225,500to269,500yuan($35,50042,000)fromyear1toyear13.Clickheretoknowmore.WellingtonCollegeInternationalShanghaiWellingtonCollege,UK,isoneoftheworldstopcoeducationaldayandboardingschoolsfoundedbyro

48、yalsponsoronbehalfofQueenVictoriain1859.WellingtonCollegeInternationalShanghaiopeneditsdoorsin2014andnowhasover600students,aged2to18yearsold.Annualtuitionrangesfrom234,000to285,000yuan($36,80044,800)foryear1toyear13.WellingtonCollegealsohasacampusinTianjin.Clickheretolearnmoreaboutbothlocations.TheB

49、ritishSchoolofGuangzhouEstablishedin2005forstudentsaged2to18,TheBritishSchoolofGuangzhouhasgainedareputationforacademicexcellence.Theschoolstwocampusesarelocatedabout25minutesnorthofGuangzhouscitycenter,overlookingscenicSouthLake.Theannualtuitionrangesfrom157,840to197,690yuan($24,80031,100)foryear1t

50、oyear13.Clickheretoknowmore.1.Ifyouwanttomakefriendswithstudentsfromdifferentcountries,youmaychoose_.A.HarrowInternationalSchoolBeijingB.DulwichCollegeShanghaiC.WellingtonCollegeInternationalShanghaiD.TheBritishSchoolofGuangzhouWhatdothelasttwoschoolshaveincommon?Theybothhavetwocampuses.Theirannualt

51、uitionsarethesame.Theyarebothsponsoredbytheroyalfamily.D.Theyareboththeworldsbestboardingschools.Inwhichsectionofawebsitecanweprobablyreadthispassage?A.LifestyleB.OpinionC.InternationalNewsD.CultureExchange参照答案13、BAD阅读理解。“Stopmakingexcusesforhim，Mom，”Isaid.“Butmaybeheisfeelingunwell.”Momsaid.“Mayben

52、othing，”IhadbeentendingMomsinceherhealthbegantodeclineandthiswouldbethefirsttimeinayearthatmyhusbandandIhadanightouthadpromisedtostaywithagainheletusmoreoftenthannot，hisdrinkinghadalottodowithirresponsibilityupsetme.Irememberedourhappygrowing-upyearsinasmalltowninWestgoodfamilyeducation，Jerryhadbeen

53、akindwasonly15whenDadhim，Igotoverthesorrowsoon，buthestartedhebeganhangingoutwithbadguys.JerryandIdidntseeeachotheroften，butwetalkedonthe，though，weendedupMomcametolivewithus，Jerrydroppedinregularlyatfirst，butafterawhilehisvisitsbecameexplainedhecouldnthandleseeingMominsuchabadexcuse，Ithought.OnedayIwenttoseethedoctora