高中英语 语法过关形容词和副词辅导课件

1、2021/8/11 星期三1 (四)形容词和副词 一、多个形容词作定语时的排列顺序 限定词(these，those.)数量形容词(three)描绘性形容词 (beautiful)大小、长短、高低等形体性形容词(large， long，high)新旧(old)颜色(red)国籍(Chinese)材料 (wood)用途(writing)被修饰名词(desk)。 a beautiful white Japanese military jeep二、形容词作定语后置的几种情况1.当形容词修饰不定代词one，no，any，some和every构成的复合 词，如：something，anything，not

2、hing时。 I have something important to tell you.2.当“形容词介词短语/不定式”构成的短语作定语时。 The teacher asked me a question too difficult to answer.2021/8/11 星期三23.当两个意义相反的形容词用“both.and.”；and；or或but连接 在一起作定语时。 The students were required to see a film both interesting and instructive.4.当old，long，high，wide，deep等词附有数量词短语

3、作定语时。 The peasants dug a well about_fifty_metres_deep.三、表语形容词有些形容词只作表语，通常不作前置定语。常见的表语形容词有：afraid，alone，awake，asleep，alive，alike，ashamed，afloat，well，sorry，unable，worth，sure等。The old man was alone in the house.【注】 上述形容词可以作补语。 We found the snake still alive. alive，alone，awake等可以用作后置定语。 He is the greate

4、st poet alive. 2021/8/11 星期三3 以a开头的表语形容词大多不可直接用very来修饰。 sound/fast asleep熟睡的 wide awake十分清醒的四、下列形容词作表语时，主语通常是“事”而不是“人”(im)possible，(un)necessary，(im)probable，(in)convenient，如：It is not convenient to work at the weekend.周末工作不便。五、形容词作状语形容词作状语表示伴随或结果。He returned home，safe and sound. 2021/8/11 星期三4构成方法例

5、词副词词干分词newlymade 新建的fastchanging 飞速变化着的名词词干过去分词snowcovered 被雪覆盖的名词词干现在分词energysaving 节省能源的名词词干形容词词干lifelong 终生的数词词干名词词干fivestar 五星级的数词词干名词edfourstoreyed 四层的数词词干名词形容词fiveyearold 5岁的形容词词干过去分词readymade 现成的，预先制成的形容词词干名词edcoldblooded 冷血的形容词词干现在分词ordinarylooking 相貌一般的形容词词干形容词词干redhot 炽热的六、复合形容词的构成【注】 复合形容

6、词中的名词不能用复数形式。2021/8/11 星期三5七、两种形式的副词 有些副词有两种形式，其中一种形式与形容词相同，另一种形式是在形容词后加后缀“ly”。这两种形式的副词表示的意义不大相同，应加以分辨。 close接近(指距离)closely仔细地，密切地 free免费freely自由地，自如地 deep深deeply深刻地，深入地 hard努力地hardly几乎不 wide宽阔widely广泛地 high高highly高度地 late晚、迟lately近来 near邻近nearly几乎 2021/8/11 星期三6 most最mostly主要地；绝大多数地 easy从容地easily容易

7、地八、有些副词置于句首可修饰全句，作评注性状语 Fortunately，he was not drowned and was saved by the PLA men.九、副词enough的用法1.enough作副词用来修饰形容词、副词时要放在所修饰词的后面。 If I had a long enough holiday，Id visit Europe，stopping at all the small interesting places. The driver drove his car carefully enough.2.cannot与enough连用，表示“再也不为过”。 You c

8、annot be careful enough.你再细心也不为过。2021/8/11 星期三7【注】enough的这一用法可用“cannot(can never).too.”句型替换。 You can never be too careful in the street.(You can never be careful enough in the street.)十、注意下列几句有关形容词、副词的固定搭配 Hes dead/blind drunk.他喝得酩酊大醉。 Its raining/snowing heavily.雨/雪下得很大。 Hes moving/breathing/drinki

9、ng/smoking heavily. 他吃力地移动/喘着粗气/酒喝得多/烟抽得多。十一、形容词和副词的比较级和最高级1.表示倍数的三个句型： (1).times as形容词原级as. This table is 3 times as big as that one.2021/8/11 星期三8 (2).times the性质名词of. This table is 3 times the size of that one. (3).times形容词比较级than. This table is 2 times bigger than that one.2.同程度级的比较，用as.as，the s

10、ame as，such.as引导： Henry does not have so/as many books as I have. 亨利不如我的书多。3.the比较级，the比较级 The more you talked，the less attention he paid to you. 你说得越多，他越不注意你。4.比较级and比较级，表示“越来越” The new city is becoming more and more beautiful. 新城变得越来越美丽。2021/8/11 星期三95.the比较级of the two名词：The taller of the two boys

11、 is my brother. 这两个男孩中较高的是我弟弟。6.用介词by表示相差的程度。 She is taller than I by three inches.她比我高三英尺。7.一个人的两种品质的比较，用more.than结构： I think shes more shy than unfriendly. 与其说她不友好，不如说她害羞。8.否定比较级最高级 There is no greater love than that of a man who lays down his life for his friends. 为朋友而放弃生命的人的爱是最伟大的爱。2021/8/11 星期三

12、109.比较的对象不能相互包容，注意： The Mississippi River is longer than any other river in the United States.密西西比河是美国最长的河。10.比较级的修饰语常见的有： rather，much，still，even，far，any(用于否定句或疑问句)，a lot，a little，a great deal，by far，a bit，three times等。 The students study even harder than before. 学生们比以前学习更努力了。2021/8/11 星期三1111.比较的对象

13、应该相同。 The population of China is larger than that of any other country in the world.中国的人口比世界上任何其他国家的都多。 China has a larger population than any other country in the world.12.no比较级than的特殊含义 A is no more careful than B.A和B两人都不仔细。 A is no less careful than B.A和B两人都很仔细。过关落实1.This magazine is very _ with

14、young people，who like its content and style. A.familiar B.popular C.similar D.particular 解析：be popular with受欢迎。 答案：B 2021/8/11 星期三122.A new _ bus service to Tianjin Airport started to operate two months ago. A.normal B.usual C.regular D.common 解析：regular有规律的，固定的。 答案：C3.It is not socially _ for paren

15、ts to leave children unattended at that age. A.accessible B.adorable C.adaptable D.acceptable 解析：acceptable可接受的。 答案：D 2021/8/11 星期三134.After two years research，we now have a _ better understanding of the disease. A.very B.far C.fairly D.quite 解析：far/much/even等副词常用来修饰比较级。 答案：B5.He began to take polit

16、ical science _ only when he left school. A.strictly B.truly C.carefully D.seriously 解析：seriously认真地，严肃地。 答案：D 2021/8/11 星期三146.The final score of the basketball match was 9394.We were only _ beaten. A.nearly B.slightly C.narrowly D.lightly 解析：be narrowly beaten指比分靠近，(对方)险胜。 答案：C7.Its hard for him pl

17、aying against me.Ive got nothing to play for，but for him，he needs to win so _. A.far B.well C.little D.badly 解析：badly在本句中意为“非常，很”。 答案：D 2021/8/11 星期三158.With April 18s railway speedup，highway and air transport will have to compete with _ service for passengers. A.good B.better C.best D.the best 解析：随

18、着四月十八日前火车提速，公路和航空运输将面临更 好(better service)的竞争。 答案：B9.Though he started late，Mr.Guo played the piano as well as，if _，Miss Liu. A.not better than B.not better C.no better than D.better 解析：句中完整结构为if he did not play better than.。 答案：A 2021/8/11 星期三1610.Do you need any help，Lucy? Yes.The job is _ I could

19、do myself. A.less than B.more than C.no more than D.not more than 解析：more than远远超过。 答案：B11.Were happy that our predictions should be so accurate，which is _ from expectation. A.away B.free C.far D.empty 解析：far from意为“远非、远远不够”。 答案：C 2021/8/11 星期三1712._，the girl didnt seem able to do anything right. A.Exhausted B.Exhaustedly C.To be exhausted