物流专业英语版本课件

1、物流专业英语版本物流专业英语版本School of ManagementHomework-explaningMinimax=public departmentsMinsumMinmaxSchool of ManagementHomework-eSchool of ManagementTest yourselfGoods yardStereoscopic warehouseGoods shedHanding/carryingPalletizingsortingGoods collectionStorage/RetrievalFork (lift) truckconveyorAutomatic g

2、uided vehicleBox carPallet JacksContainer Shelves/Bins/Drawers)SwingmastGoods shelfPallet RackStackingGoods stackSchool of ManagementTest yoursSchool of ManagementLecture ThreePart 1: What is Warehouse Management?Part 2: what is Inventory Management?School of ManagementLecture ThSchool of Management

3、Contents: Warehouse-InventoryThe definition and differenceThe goals (management levels)The professional words in warehouseWhat does we study in warehouse management?Example: cross docking in warehouseThe professional words in InventoryWhat does we study in inventory management?The methods of Invento

4、ry managementSchool of ManagementContents:School of ManagementThe Definitions and DifferenceWarehouse: the facility designed for temporary storage; Inventory: the materials/goods in the warehouse;Warehouse management: the related shipping, sorting, picking and inbound, outbound processes are managed

5、 to realize the efficiency.Inventory management: all functions relate to the stock decisions, that is, monitor the quantity, location and status of inventory to realize the rapid inventory turnover.See the text.School of ManagementThe DefiniSchool of ManagementThe goals (management levels)locationIn

6、ventory ManagementWarehouse schedulingSchool of ManagementThe goalsSchool of ManagementProfessional Vocabularies and ExpressionsStackingGoods stackHanding/carryingLoading and unloadingUnit loading and unloading Package/packaging Palletizing School of ManagementProfessionSchool of ManagementProfessio

7、nal Vocabularies and ExpressionssortingGoods collectionAutomatic warehouseStereoscopic warehouseReceiving space /Shipping space Goods yard School of ManagementProfessionSchool of ManagementProfessional Vocabularies and ExpressionsGoods shelfpalletFork (lift) truckconveyorAutomatic guided vehicleBox

8、carGoods shedSchool of ManagementProfessionSchool of ManagementProfessional Vocabularies and Expressions月台(Dock) 板台起重机(Pallet Jacks) 道(Lane)/深度(Depth) 货架(rack);托盘货架(Pallet Rack) 集装箱/容器(Container) 架子/箱子/抽屉(Shelves/Bins/Drawers) 条形码(Barcode) 转柱式堆高机(Swingmast)存贮和拣取(Storage/Retrieval) School of Manageme

9、ntProfessionSchool of ManagementExamples: Cross dockingWhat is crossdocking?Cross docking is a warehouse management concept in which items delivered to a warehouse by inbound trucks are immediately sorted out, reorganized based on customer demands, routed and loaded into outbound trucks for delivery

10、 to customers without the items being actually held in inventory at the warehouse. If any item is held in storage, it is usually for a brief period of time that is generally less than 24/48 hours.School of ManagementExamples:School of ManagementThe highest level in warehouse management: stock on whe

11、elsdifficulties:(1) coordination;(2) The types of goods.Part 1 CrossdockingSchool of ManagementThe highesSchool of ManagementPart 3 CrossdockingDow“Cross Docking”翻译为“直接换装”，定义为：“物品在物流环节中，不经过中间仓库或者站点，直接从一个交通工具换载到另一个运输工具的物流衔接方式;接驳式转运 （Cross Docking）/交叉配送;将商品由工厂通过配销系统，配送至用户而不将商品储存入库的一种方法是cross docking。S

12、chool of ManagementPart 3 CrSchool of ManagementJIT and CrossdockingThe “just-in-time” (JIT) inventory management (or kanban) principle requires that there is just enough inventory that arrives to replace what has been used. The implementation of crossdock operations repositions the focus from wareh

13、ousing inventory to one of managing inventory through-flow in transit from suppliers to customers. School of ManagementJIT and CrSchool of ManagementPush planning/productionwipOperation AwipOperation BwipOperation CwipAplanningBplanningCplanningschedulingSchool of ManagementPush plannSchool of Manag

14、ementPull productionOperation AOperation BOperation CMaterials requirementMaterials requirementGive planning based on operation BGive planning based on operation CGive planning based on operation DSchool of ManagementPull produSchool of ManagementJIT and CrossdockingCrossdocks are transformed from i

15、nventory repositories to points of delivery, consolidation and pickup. Advantages of crossdocking: accrue from the reduction of warehousing costs, inventory-holding costs, service cycle times and transportation costs.School of ManagementJIT and CrSchool of ManagementCrossdocking propertiescrossdocki

16、ng as the “JIT in the distribution arena” ;(1) rapidly: The use of “crossdocking” has become synonymous with rapid consolidation and processing ;(2) Complex: crossdocks are complex, requiring a high degree of coordination between suppliers, customers and distributors to create shipments based on ant

17、icipated supplies and demands;(3) Timing performance: In all crossdocking situations, the timing of delivery and pickup is crucial to effective operations.School of ManagementCrossdockiSchool of ManagementCrossdocking in supply chainThere are three methods of crossdocking(1)Manufacturing croossdocki

18、ng: “current” (finished goods move right off production line to a waiting truck) or “future” (items produced are staged for later shipment) are the categories.School of ManagementCrossdockiSchool of ManagementCrossdocking in supply chain(2) Distribution center crossdocking: distinguish between “curr

19、ent/active”, “current/same day”, and “future”. In the first, items are loaded immediately on a vehicle; current/same day products are staged on a conveyor for release later that day. Future crossdocking involves the holding of items until they become current/same day.School of ManagementCrossdockiSc

20、hool of ManagementCrossdocking in supply chain(3)Terminal crossdocking: products from various DCs are sent to a break-bulk terminal for shipment of mixed loads to customers. Gue 2019 refers to a similar method as Retailer crossdocking: Items from different origins are sorted and dispatched to partic

21、ular stores.School of ManagementCrossdockiSchool of ManagementUS Postal Service ApplicationsEx: A network of crossdocks for the US Postal Service where 148area Distribution Centers ; (1) Serve as crossdocks, each receiving, sorting, packing and dispatching mail according to operating schedules. (2)

22、Mail not processed on time must be shipped by air, incurring additional costs and “critical-entry” times, when mail must arrive at the destination center, must be coordinated with transportation schedules to avoid overshooting specified cut off times. (3) Each distribution center serves as an origin

23、 as well as destination node where schedules were driven by mail delivery standards. School of ManagementUS Postal School of ManagementWalMart ApplicationsEx:The well-known success of WalMart in crossdocking;(1) It requires coordinating 2000 dedicated trucks over a large network of warehouses, and r

24、etail points;(2) Maytag, a large distributor of household appliances maintains 41 crossdock facilities where “no inventory is held” .School of ManagementWalMart ApSchool of ManagementSummary What is Warehouse?What is Warehouse Management?What does we study in warehouse management?School of Managemen

25、tSummary WhSchool of ManagementInventory DefinitonReview?What do we study in inventory management?(1)How many items do we have in inventory?(2)When do we give an order to the suppliers?(3) How much does the ordering Quantity?我们应该在存货中包含那些产品？School of ManagementInventory School of ManagementInventory

26、Contents(1)The classical inventory management also called Independent requirement model (the beginning of 20 century to 1960s)(2)The Modern inventory management also called Dependent requirement model (1960s to now)School of ManagementInventory School of ManagementThe classical inventory managementS

27、uppose:The requirement of an item is independent on that of others;The total need can be added by that of each items;We can forecast the trend of the requirement of an item based on the history data;The inventory control can be obtained by the models with the aid of the need predicting, cost, and ot

28、her variables,etc.School of ManagementThe classiSchool of ManagementThe Modern inventory managementEach item with the others has some relationship;Just considering the need forecasting of some item is not enough;Generally, the need of some item must be connected with the production planning. School

29、of ManagementThe ModernSchool of ManagementSummayInventoryModernClassicalmethodsMrpEOQJitSOQErpDrpSee the text P34School of ManagementSummayInveSchool of ManagementEOQ principal reorder point safety inventory Lead time lead timeThe reorder point=need in unit period *lead time + safety inventorySee t

30、he text P32School of ManagementEOQ princiSchool of ManagementPeriodic Inventory systemsPeriodic inventory is a system of inventory in which updates are made on a periodic basis. School of ManagementPeriodic ISchool of ManagementPerpetual Inventory systemsPerpetual inventory systems: /continuous inve

31、ntory describes systems of inventory where information on inventory quantity and availability is updated on a continuous basis as a function of doing business. Generally, this is accomplished by connecting the inventory system with order entry and in retail the point of sale system. In this case, wo

32、uld be exactly the same as, or almost the same, as the real inventory. School of ManagementPerpetual School of ManagementPerpetual Inventory systemsStarting in the 1970s digital computers made possible the ability to implement a perpetual inventory system. Bar coding and radio frequency identificati

33、on (RFID) labeling are necessary.School of ManagementPerpetual School of ManagementThe differenceUnder the periodic inventory system a stocktake is essential in order to make accurate calculations of gross profit;But a stocktake merely provides a check on the continues records maintained by a firm.S

34、chool of ManagementThe differSchool of ManagementOne gas retailer;Four times to buy gasFour prices to buy gas and store them in same oilcan，How much does the total gas cost?Problems Inventory Costing MethodsSchool of ManagementOne gas reSchool of ManagementInventory Costing MethodsSpecific identific

35、ation Methods P57( not considering the market)FIFO method P36 (the influence of market)LIFO method P36 (avoiding the taxes)The weighted average method P36 (best methods)School of ManagementInventory School of ManagementExamplesThe total cost of procurement =(110*22)+(60*26)+(70*30) +(50*28) +(80*24)

36、+(40*32)=10680(Euro)Sale-earning =35*354=12390（Euro), supposing the unit price=35;gross profit=earning-cost of inventory which be for sale=-(cost in procurement -cost in rest inventory)Unit profit=profit/quantity to be for sale in inventorySchool of ManagementExamplesThSchool of ManagementExamplesTh

37、e first method:(7*22)+(6*26)+(8*30)+(11*28)+(17*24)+(7*32)=1490(Euro)Profit=12390-(10680-1490)=3200(Euro)Unit profit=3200/354=9.04(Euro/unit)School of ManagementExamplesThSchool of ManagementExamples:FIFO method:Suppose the rest 56 units are purchased finally.(40*32)+(16*24)=1664(Euro)profit=12390-(

38、10680-1664)=3374(Euro)Unit profit=3374/354=9.53(Euro/unit)LIFO method: Suppose the rest 56 units are purchased firstly 56*22=1232(Euro)profit=12390-(10680-1232)=2942(Euro)Unit profit=2942/354=8.31(Euro/unit)School of ManagementExamples:FSchool of ManagementExampleThe weighted average method:The valu

39、e of unit inventory=The total procurement cost/the total quantity=(110*22)+(60*26)+(70*30)+(50*28)+(80*24)+(40*32)/(110+60+70+50+80+40)=10680/410=1459 (Euro)profit=12390-(10680-1459)=3169(Euro)Unit profit=3169/354=8.95(Euro/unit)School of ManagementExampleTheSchool of ManagementAnalysisThe real valu

40、e of inventory=1490The result of FIFO is higher than the first one, that is higher than 12%;The result of LIFO is lower than the first one, that is lower than 17%;The result of the last one is nearly equal to the first one , that is 2% difference.School of ManagementAnalysisThSchool of ManagementThe

41、 kinds of cost(1)Material cost(2)Reordering cost(3) Holding cost(4) Missing costSchool of ManagementThe kinds School of ManagementThe kinds of costSchool of ManagementThe kinds School of ManagementInventory turnoverturnover=Quantity of Product units in some period/average storage quantity；example：（1

42、）汽车装配厂和炼油厂的平均存货数量通常保持在一周的供给，则他们的存货周转次数通常在一年50次左右；（2）零售商店的存货周转次数一般在20次左右。School of ManagementInventory School of ManagementInventoryseasonal fluctuations 季节波动crude measure 粗略计算coupon 配给票preceding 前面的，先前的FIFO 先进先出Holding cost 库存保持成本 Gross Margin Return on Inventory or GMROI库存总利润回报School of ManagementI

43、nventorysSchool of ManagementProfessional Vocabularies and Expressionsinbound trucksOutbound trucksthe turnaround times for customer orders(卸货加油检修及再装货所需时间)Receiving, sorting, storing, retrieving and shippingdelivery and pickupThroughput(吞吐量）School of ManagementProfessionSchool of ManagementProfessio

44、nal Vocabularies and ExpressionsProduct damagesProduct obsolescenceLane/ the path in one way/directionTrailerImplication/meaningLever/杠杆,途经,工具,手段School of ManagementProfessionSchool of ManagementProfessional Vocabularies and ExpressionsConsolidation /the places that pickup items togetherConsolidatio

45、n warehouse 拼货仓库Literature/papersOverlookPaybackWhereby 靠什么? 靠那个Less than truck-load(LTL)Truck-load(TL)School of ManagementProfessionSchool of ManagementProfessional Vocabularies and ExpressionsReshipmentTactical/Skeleton/structureStage for /plan forTerminal Break-bulk terminal Dispatch 分发School of ManagementProfessionSchool of ManagementProfessional Vocabularies and ExpressionsConstant demandForecastThird-party logistics provider（3PL）Lease/出租Pack/PackageHassle 混乱，激战School of ManagementProfessionSchool of ManagementPart2 Inventory ManagemnetSee the text.School of