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1、得阅读者得高考！50/1502021/8/8 星期日16年高考大纲中关于阅读理解的要求 要求考生读懂公告、说明、广告以及书、报、杂志中关于一般性话题的简短文章。考生应能： 、理解主旨要义；、理解文中具体信息；、根据上下文推断生词的词义；、作出简单判断和理解；、理解文章的基本结构；、理解作者的意图和态度。2021/8/8 星期日2高考阅读技巧 猜测词义2021/8/8 星期日30406年浙江卷阅读理解试题分类情况题目设计数量200420052006试题设计分类事实细节题787主旨大意题445词义猜测题222推理判断题7662021/8/8 星期日4The underlined word “ ”

2、refers to (means) .Which of the following words can take the place of the word “ ”?What is the meaning of “ ” as the words are used in the text?Which of the following has the closest meaning to the word “ ”? 常见词义猜测题型2021/8/8 星期日5 常用词义猜测技巧一、依据针对性解释二、依据内在逻辑关系三、根据构词法猜测词义2021/8/8 星期日6 常用词义猜测技巧一、依据针对性解释1

3、、利用定义线索2、利用解释说明线索3、利用举例线索2021/8/8 星期日7一、依据针对性解释 常用词义猜测技巧1、利用定义线索特征：常有 be, be called, mean, refer to,be defined as等词语来提示。2021/8/8 星期日8例1 Anthropology is the scientific study of man. Anthropology means _.人类学例2 Desert can be defined as a large area of land where there is not enough rain and vegetation

4、to support human life. Desertrefers to_. 沙漠2021/8/8 星期日9一、依据针对性解释常用词义猜测技巧2、利用解释说明线索特征：常有 that is(to say), in other words, namely,or 等词语来提示或者利用同位语或定语从句。2021/8/8 星期日10例1 Capacitance, or the ability to store electric charge, is one of the most common characteristics of electronic circuits.Capacitance m

5、eans_.例2His uncle is a zoologist, an expert who does research on animals. Zoologist refers to _.动物学家电容2021/8/8 星期日11例3 Semantics, the study of the meaning of words, is necessary if you are to speak and read intelligently. Semantics means_. 例4The herdsman, who looks after sheep, earns about 650 yuan

6、a year. Herdsman refers to _.牧人 语义学2021/8/8 星期日12一、依据针对性解释常用词义猜测技巧3、利用举例线索特征：常有 for example, for instance, such as, like等词语来提示。2021/8/8 星期日13例1You can take any of the periodicals: The World of English, Foreign Language Teaching in Schools, or English Learning. Periodicals means_.期刊，杂志例2 Like people

7、in any country, Americans enjoy following the lives of celebrities: movie stars, sports heroes, famous artists, politicians, and the like. The word “celebrities”means_.名人2021/8/8 星期日14常用词义猜测技巧二、依据内在逻辑关系4、利用对比关系线索5、利用因果关系线索6、利用同类关系线索7、利用一般常识线索2021/8/8 星期日15三 常用词义猜测技巧4、利用对比关系线索特征：常有but, however,while,

8、unlike,in contrast,on the contrary,instead,despite 等表示对比或反义的词语来提示。二、依据内在逻辑关系2021/8/8 星期日16例1 Andrew is one of the most supercilious men I knowHis brother，in contrast，is quite humble（谦虚的） and modest supercilious means _.傲慢的，目空一切的例2 Though Toms face has been washed quite clean, his neck still remains

9、grubby. Grubby means _.肮脏的2021/8/8 星期日17 常用词义猜测技巧5、利用因果关系线索二、依据内在逻辑关系特征：常以 because, so that, so/suchthat 等词汇及结构来体现。2021/8/8 星期日18例1 Tom is considered an autocratic administrator（管理人员） because he makes decisions without seeking the opinions of others autocratic means _.独断专行的例2 The river is so turbid

10、that it is impossible to see the bottom even when it is shallow（浅的）. Turbid means _.浑浊的2021/8/8 星期日19 常用词义猜测技巧二、依据内在逻辑关系6、利用同类关系线索特征：常有and,or, like, similarly, also 等表示词语来提示。2021/8/8 星期日20例1 Doctors believe that smoking cigarettes is detrimental to your healthThey also regard drinking as harmful det

11、rimental means _.有害的，不利的例2 The old woman has a strange habit to keep over 100 cats in her house. Her neighbour all called her an eccentric lady. eccentric means _.奇怪的2021/8/8 星期日21 常用词义猜测技巧二、依据内在逻辑关系特征： 一般能够根据自己的生活经验及生活常识来判断词义。7、利用一般常识线索2021/8/8 星期日22例1 My parents went out and got a new TV. That aft

12、ernoon an antenna was put on the roof. antenna means _.天线例2 The students were jubilant when they learned that their school had placed first in the competition. jubilant mean_.兴高采烈的 2021/8/8 星期日23常用词义猜测技巧三、根据构词法猜测词义8、利用构词法中的词缀法9、利用构词法中的合成法10、利用构词法中的转化法2021/8/8 星期日24常用词义猜测技巧三、根据构词法猜测词义特征：1、利用前缀和后缀构成新的

13、单词2、利用合成两个意义不同的词组合构成新的单词3、利用转变单词的词性构成新的单词2021/8/8 星期日25前缀：1. in-, im-,il-,ir-,non-, un-, dis-,mis-常表示否定,如：incorrect, impossible, illegal,irregular, nonstop, unfair ，disappear， mislead后缀:1. adj.-ness,如： happiness, illness, selfishness2. V.-ment,如：equipment, entertainment, movement3. V.-tion,如：educati

14、on, communication,operation4.形容词词性的词缀：-able, -cal, -ish, -ful, -ous, -al,如： acceptable, physical, childish, hopeful, delicious, dangerous, national2021/8/8 星期日26例1When he reached the place with his army, he found an impassable river in front of him. impassable means_.无法通过的例2Saint Valentines Day is a

15、 time of happiness for loversBoys like to give girls flowers as presentsOn that day，he came to see me with a forget-me-not in his hand forget-me-not means _.勿忘我例3 Today its his turn to empty the rubbish. empty means_.倒空2021/8/8 星期日271 Archaeology is the study of the buried remains of ancient times,

16、such as houses, pots, tools and weapons. A. 地理学 B. 生态学 C. 心理学 D. 考古学2Though Mr. Smith has been general manager for just three months, he has already made much greater achievements than his predecessors. A. 上级B. 前任 C. 同事 D. 下级3 The football game was getting more and more exciting, however, the old la

17、dy was still as dozy as she usually was. A. 昏昏欲睡的B. 亢奋的 C. 欣喜若狂的 D. 麻木的4. All his attempts to unlock the door was futile, because he was using the wrong key. A. 成功的 B. 徒劳的 C. 有效的D. 匆促的DBAB2021/8/8 星期日28 5. Remember that people on line may not be who they seem. Because you cant see or even hear the p

18、erson. It would be easy for someone to misrepresent himself/ herself. Thus someone who says that she is a 12-year-old girl. could really be an old man.A. making a wrong judgement aboutB. understanding somebody wronglyC. giving a wrong description ofD. forming a wrong opinion aboutC2021/8/8 星期日296（20

19、02年全国卷E篇） A childs birthday party doesnt have to be a hassle ; it can be a basket of fun , according to Beth Aneclerio, an Evaston mother of two , ages 4 and 18 months.74、What does the underlined word “hassle” probably mean?A. a party designed by specialistsB. a plan requiring careful thought C. a s

20、ituation causing difficulty or troubleD. a demand made by guestsC2021/8/8 星期日307（2004的辽宁卷B篇）Take V8 for example. For many years, the bright red color of tomatoes and carrots on the thin bottle makes you feel that it is very good for your body. And the word “green” today can keep food prices going up

21、.It can be inferred from the passage that V8 is a kind of .A. vegetable dishB. healthy juiceC. iced drinkD. red vegetableB2021/8/8 星期日31 8. The Jet dEau together with the Flower Watch are the main attractions every year for the tourists visiting Geneva.The Jet dEau has become the symbol(象征)of Geneva

22、 for a long time.This is a 140 meters high water monument with a rich history.Eight 13,500 watt projectors light the grand column(圆柱)of the fountain in the evening,from early March until the second Sunday of October. (2004重庆卷 A) The Jet dEau refers to _ A. the water fountain B. the English Garden C.

23、 a new scene with electric lighting D.the name of a famous watchmakerA2021/8/8 星期日329.“But,” said Kim, “ I feel that since you are my superior(领导,上司), it would be presumptuous of me to tell you what to do.”( 2005 上海 B)full of respect B. too confident and rudeC. lacking in experience D. too shy and q

24、uiet2021/8/8 星期日3310. Being considered a leader in our society is indeed of high praise. Leadership means power, commands respect and, most important, encourages achievement. Unlike vitamin C, leadership skills cant be easily swallowed down. They must be carefully cultivated. （ 2005 广东 B）The underli

25、ned word “ cultivated” roughly means: A. encouraged B. compared C. examined D. developedD2021/8/8 星期日3411 The house looked quite normal outside，but inside it was very exotic with fascinating objects on display（ 2006 江西 B） Which of the definitions is closest in meaning to the word exotic in the third

26、 paragraph?A. Messy and untidy. B. Rich and expensiveC. Comfortable and calming. D. foreign and unusualD2021/8/8 星期日352021/8/8 星期日362021/8/8 星期日379、静夜四无邻，荒居旧业贫。2022/9/92022/9/9Friday, September 9, 202210、雨中黄叶树，灯下白头人。2022/9/92022/9/92022/9/99/9/2022 4:14:36 AM11、以我独沈久，愧君相见频。2022/9/92022/9/92022/9/9Se

27、p-2209-Sep-2212、故人江海别，几度隔山川。2022/9/92022/9/92022/9/9Friday, September 9, 202213、乍见翻疑梦，相悲各问年。2022/9/92022/9/92022/9/92022/9/99/9/202214、他乡生白发，旧国见青山。09 九月 20222022/9/92022/9/92022/9/915、比不了得就不比，得不到的就不要。九月 222022/9/92022/9/92022/9/99/9/202216、行动出成果，工作出财富。2022/9/92022/9/909 September 202217、做前，能够环视四周；做时

28、，你只能或者最好沿着以脚为起点的射线向前。2022/9/92022/9/92022/9/92022/9/99、没有失败，只有暂时停止成功！。2022/9/92022/9/9Friday, September 9, 202210、很多事情努力了未必有结果，但是不努力却什么改变也没有。2022/9/92022/9/92022/9/99/9/2022 4:14:36 AM11、成功就是日复一日那一点点小小努力的积累。2022/9/92022/9/92022/9/9Sep-2209-Sep-2212、世间成事，不求其绝对圆满，留一份不足，可得无限完美。2022/9/92022/9/92022/9/9Friday, September 9, 202213、不知香积寺，数里入云峰。2022/9/92022/9/92022/9/92022/9/99/9/202